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Two concepts of vertical light confinement in 2-D silicon photonic crystals are theoretically compared. Light guidance, obtained by varying the refractive index in an SiO/Si/SiO[subscript 2] sandwich structure produces a bandgap for all directions and both polarizations witha gap-midgap ratio of 8.5%, and 27% for even modes only.

A perfect two-dimensional porous alumina photonic crystal with 500 nm interpore distance is fabricated on an area of 4 cm(Super 2) via imprint methods and subsequent electrochemical anodization. The results indicate that the porous alumina structure is composed of a duplex oxide layer, an inner oxide layer consisting of pure alumina oxide of 50 nm in thickness, and an outer oxide layer of nonuniform refractive index.

In 1987 John (1) and Yablonovitch (2) independently published seminal papers that reported exciting new optical properties for artificially created periodic structures of dielectric objects. Properly designed, these so-called 'photonic [...]