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A study was aimed to compare capillary and venous sample of blood collected simultaneously to determine whether the site of blood sampling alters to measured percentage of carboxyhemoglobin (%HbCO) and hence the calculated [Hb.sub.mass]. It was found that a modified 2-min CO-rebreathing procedure using capillary of venous blood sampled 8 and 10 min after starting CO-rebreathing allows complete circulatory mixing and provides an accurate and reliable estimate of [Hb.sub.mass].

The effect of acute weight loss in ergometer performance among lightweight rowers is examined when aggressive nutritional recovery strategies are employed in the 2 h between weigh-in and competition. It is believed that despite the utilization of aggressive recovery strategies, acute weight loss would compromise rowing performance, particularly in the heat.

Anattempt is made to examine whether speed display a stronger association with level terrain walking METs and energy expenditure than Computer Science Applications accelerometer positioned on the hip (CSA(sub hip)). It is concluded that speed-based MET and energy expenditure predictions during level terrain walking are more accurate than those utilizing CSA(sub hip).

Research shows that the energy expenditure during self-paced physical activities can be reliably determined with precision. The energy expenditure data are expressed as a multiple of measured resting metabolic rate, which gives higher values than those obtained from MET.

Results show that reduction in skinfold thickness is caused by increasing jaw closing pressure irrespective of skinfold location. Data further show that in acurate measurement of skinfolds, ranges of caliper jaw pressure and spring coefficient parameters are important.

Aerobic capacity and power can be measured by using tests that utilize 75% physical work capacity (pwc) according to age, according to a study of over 1000 men and women between the ages of 18 and 78. Studies often use pwc150% and pwc170%, but results are difficult to extrapolate for older citizens. The pwc75% showed a decline in physical work capacity for older subjects while the pwc150% and pwc170% did not show an expected decline. The pwc75% test should be suited for other studies relating to disease, fitness and aerobic capacity.

The study aims to quantify the reproducibility of responses to live high/train low (LHTL) altitude exposure in the same group of athletes. Results demonstrate three-week LHTL altitude exposure can induce reproducible mean improvement in maximal aerobic power and hemoglobin mass in highly trained runners.

Exercise-induced hypoxemia (EIH) occurs in an unknown ratio of endurance trained athletes and the normally used rectal temperature readings may not be suitable. The proportion of athletes fitting in the description of EIH depends on the location of core temperature measurement.

Research shows that oxygen consumption values in athletes determined by the Medical Graphics CPX/D system are about 11% lower than the automated Douglas Bag System. Data indicate that the discrepancy is not due to inaccuracies in volume measurements.