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Objectives To assess effects of egg-based versus non-egg, higher-carbohydrate (CHO) breakfast meals on cardiometabolic health markers in overweight or obese adults with prediabetes and/or metabolic syndrome. Methods This randomized, crossover study included two 4-week dietary interventions, separated by a [greater than or equal to]4-week washout. Subjects incorporated into their habitual diets breakfast meals containing either 2 eggs/day for 6 days/week (Egg condition), or energy-matched, non-egg, higher-CHO-based foods (Non-Egg condition). Dietary intakes, insulin sensitivity, and other CHO metabolism indices, lipid biomarkers, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and blood pressures were measured. Results Thirty men and women with mean age 54.1 [plus or minus] 1.9 years and body mass index 31.9 [plus or minus] 0.7 kg/m.sup.2 provided data. Neither diet condition significantly altered insulin sensitivity indices, but the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance was significantly (p = 0.028) higher after the Non-Egg vs. the Egg condition. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was decreased from baseline (119 mg/dL) by 2.9 and 6.0% with Egg and Non-Egg breakfasts, respectively (p = 0.023). Systolic blood pressure was reduced from baseline (127 mm Hg) by 2.7 and 0.0% with Egg and Non-Egg, respectively (p = 0.018). Diet records indicated 149 kcal/day higher (p = 0.008) energy intake from non-study foods during the Egg condition; however, weight change from baseline did not differ between conditions. Conclusion Compared with the baseline diet, consumption of 12 eggs/week for 4 weeks at breakfast was associated with less reduction in LDL-C, and more lowering of systolic blood pressure, than observed with non-egg-based, energy-matched, control foods higher in CHO., Author(s): Kevin C. Maki [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3], Orsolya M. Palacios [sup.1], Melvyn W. Kramer [sup.2], Rupal Trivedi [sup.3], Mary R. Dicklin [sup.1], Meredith L. Wilcox [sup.2], Cathleen E. Maki [sup.1] [...]

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2006.05.013 Byline: Benjamin J. Ansell (a), Gregg C. Fonarow (a), Kevin C. Maki (b), Mary R. Dicklin (b), Margie Bell (b), Michael H. Davidson (b) Abstract: This survey assessed and compared National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Third Adult Treatment Panel lipid treatment goal achievement for men versus women undergoing treatment of dyslipidemia. Author Affiliation: (a) University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (b) Radiant Development, Chicago, IL Article History: Received 20 December 2005; Accepted 17 May 2006 Article Note: (footnote) Neptune II was supported by funding from AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals.

This study was designed to determine whether a soluble dietary fiber supplement containing gum arabic and pectin in apple juice would lower serum lipids in 110 hypercholesterolemic men and women. Subjects were stabilized on an American Heart Association Phase I Diet for 8 wk. Those with elevated low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, despite dietary modification, continued to follow the diet and were randomly assigned to receive 720 mL/d of apple juice containing 0 (control), 5, 9 or 15 g of gum arabic and pectin (4:1 ratio) for 12 wk, followed by a 6-wk apple juice-only washout phase. Serum lipid profiles, body weight and 3-day diet records were collected at 3-wk intervals. No significant differences among groups were observed in serum lipid responses during treatment or washout. During the treatment phase, mean serum total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations increased by 3.5 and 28.5%, respectively (all groups combined, P < 0.0001). The high density lipoprotein cholesterol level did not change significantly from baseline in any group. During washout, mean total cholesterol concentration rose by an additional 2.4% (P < 0.05) compared with the value at the end of the treatment period, suggesting that the apple juice used to deliver the fiber supplement may have contributed to the adverse changes observed in the serum lipid profile. These findings do not support the hypothesized hypocholesterolemic effect of the gum arabic/pectin (4:1) mixture studied, but do underline the importance of selecting appropriate vehicles for delivery of dietary fiber mixtures. KEY WORDS: * hypercholesterolemia * water-soluble dietary * fiber * viscosity * fructose * humans