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* Context.-This review article derives from the breast pathology lecture at the Eighth Princeton Integrated Pathology Symposium (PIPS VIII). Objective.-To provide a literature review and update on fibroepithelial lesions of the breast with molecular findings and findings regarding the pediatric population. Data Sources.-The sources include extensive literature review, personal research, and experience. Conclusions.-Given significant differences in prognosis and management of fibroepithelial lesions, we aim to provide readers with pertinent definitions, pathomorphology, molecular findings, and management for each diagnosis, with insights on the pediatric population., Fibroepithelial lesions (FELs) of the breast are among the most common lesions. They are biphasic tumors characterized by proliferation of the epithelial component, as well as the stromal/mesenchymal component. Two [...]

The current study expands previous research by examining the relationship between problematic alcohol and drug use and partner violence among a large sample of male and female college students and by partitioning out severe victimization for separate analysis. Data came from the International Dating Violence Study and included 4162 students from 19 colleges in the U.S. (69.1% women, 30.9% men). Victimization was measured using the revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2). There was no significant main effect for alcohol use, but analysis of the interaction with gender found that problematic alcohol use was associated with victimization of men. Problematic drug use was associated with physical victimization, injury, severe physical victimization, severe psychological victimization, and severe injury for the overall sample in multivariate models. Interaction effects showed that elevated odds of severe injuries were associated high drug scores for women. Dating violence programs addressing dating violence on campuses are urged to include discussions on drug use and victimization of men., Author(s): Chiara Sabina [sup.1] , Jennifer L. Schally [sup.1] , Lindsay Marciniec [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) 0000 0001 0108 075Xgrid.447421.0Penn State Harrisburg, 777 W. Harrisburg Pike, 17057, Middletown, PA, USA [...]

The epidemiology of HIV and prevention needs among men who have sex with men in Africa Research Article Experiences of Kenyan healthcare workers providing services to men who have sex [...]

Introduction: Healthcare workers (HCWs) in Africa typically receive little or no training in the healthcare needs of men who have sex with men (MSM), limiting the effectiveness and reach of population-based HIV control measures among this group. We assessed the effect of a web-based, self-directed sensitivity training on MSM for HCWs (www.marps- africa.org), combined with facilitated group discussions on knowledge and homophobic attitudes among HCWs in four districts of coastal Kenya. Methods: We trained four district 'AIDS coordinators' to provide a two-day training to local HCWs working at antiretroviral therapy-providing facilities in coastal Kenya. Self-directed learning supported by group discussions focused on MSM sexual risk practices, HIVprevention and healthcare needs. Knowledge was assessed prior to training, immediately after training and three months after training. The Homophobia Scale assessed homophobic attitudes and was measured before and three months after training. Results: Seventy-four HCWs (68% female; 74% clinical officers or nurses; 84% working in government facilities) from 49 health facilities were trained, of whom 71 (96%) completed all measures. At baseline, few HCWs reported any prior training on MSM anal sexual practices, and most HCWs had limited knowledge of MSM sexual health needs. Homophobic attitudes were most pronounced among HCWs who were male, under 30 years of age, and working in clinical roles or government facilities. Three months after training, more HCWs had adequate knowledge compared to baseline (49% vs. 13%, McNemar's test p B0.001); this was most pronounced in those with clinical or administrative roles and in those from governmental health providers. Compared to baseline, homophobic attitudes had decreased significantly three months after training, particularly among HCWs with high homophobia scores at baseline, and there was some evidence of correlation between improvements in knowledge and reduction in homophobic sentiment. Conclusions: Scaling up MSM sensitivity training for African HCWs is likely to be a timely, effective and practical means to improve relevant sexual health knowledge and reduce personal homophobic sentiment among HCWs involved in HIV prevention, testing and care in sub-Saharan Africa. Keywords: sensitivity training; MSM behaviour; Homophobia Scale; homoprejudice; healthcare workers; Kenya., Introduction Sub-Saharan Africa has a very high burden of HIV-1 infection, of which a substantial proportion occurs among populations reporting high-risk sexual behaviour such as transactional sex and anal intercourse [...]

This review, covering a timespan of almost a century, attempts to answer five pressing questions: (1) Are intraspinal steroid therapies effective for back pain or radicular syndromes? (2) Do epidural [...]

Key Words gender role attitudes, beliefs about gender inequality, race, ethnicity * Abstract Research on how gender-related attitudes vary across racial/ethnic groups has produced contradictory results, depending upon the type [...]