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Nietzsche distinguishes four kinds of history: 'scientific,' 'monumental,' 'antiquarian,' and 'critical.' Scientific history, history as mere information, he claims, harms life. Nineteenth-century culture is so 'oversaturated' by information about past and alien cultures that it is succumbing to moral 'chaos' which leads to loss of moral confidence and thence to nihilism. Such 'chaos' is what the postmodernists call 'the postmodern condition,' but Nietzsche shows the 'condition' arrived not, as they suppose, in the mid-twentieth century, but almost a century earlier. 'Monumental' history is the ethical tradition of a community embodied in its 'exemplars' of moral greatness. Antiquarian history is 'love' of and 'loyalty' to those exemplars. 'Critical' history, the critical deconstruction of a former 'monument,' enables an ethical tradition to develop and adapt. Collectively, monumental, antiquarian, and critical history benefit 'life' by providing a flexible moral framework. Each, however, can be harmful through misuse. Critical history can be especially harmful because it easily metastasizes and 'annihilates' not just 'a part' of ethical tradition, but all of it. This hastens the arrival of the nihilism that is already threatened by 'scientific' history. I argue that contemporary 'cancel culture' is just metastasized critical history. That it indeed harms life is shown by the poor mental health of teenage 'liberals' compared with that of teenage 'conservatives.', Author(s): Julian Young [sup.1] [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/0207ad724, grid.241167.7, 0000 0001 2185 3318, Wake Forest University, , Winston-Salem, USA (2) https://ror.org/03b94tp07, grid.9654.e, 0000 0004 0372 3343, University of Auckland, [...]

Author(s): Howard Davis [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/006jb1a24, grid.7362.0, 0000 0001 1882 0937, Bangor University, , Bangor, Wales How much history do we need to know to make sense of [...]

In this paper, I reflect on the contribution of Ghanaian nationalist women towards the independence struggle and post-independence nation building (1950-1970), and their erasure from the mainstream history of Ghana. I rely on the literature on women's political participation in Ghana and the scholarship on memorializing people for meritorious service in Ghana to explore women as victims of historical erasure. I also deploy other sources like the national currencies, commemorative dates, and naming of monuments to highlight the relative weight we attach to women's and men's political contribution to nation building. I argue that despite women's frontal roles, including movement making, organizing prowess, founding parties, leading civil disruptions, and even funding the independence of Ghana, state-led commemorative acts and memorializing practices belie women's effort and historize men as founders of Ghana. Such de-historizing is often endorsed by male-led political regimes. To ameliorate this masculinization of the memorializing concern, the paper proffers guidelines to enable a fairer memorializing practice. This includes acknowledging the gender biases in our memorializing practices, researching the unnamed leading women, making their information mainstream, renaming our already named monuments to include leading women, and embossing their portraits on our national currencies alongside the men., Author(s): Aboabea Gertrude Akuffo [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/052gg0110, grid.4991.5, 0000 0004 1936 8948, Department of Sociology, University of Oxford, , Oxford, UK Introduction The narratives surrounding the struggle for [...]

Author(s): Mike Rapport [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/00vtgdb53, grid.8756.c, 0000 0001 2193 314X, Modern European History, University of Glasgow, , Glasgow, UK In 1783, the seventeen-year-old Jean-Marie Goujon already had [...]

Author(s): Joseph Brady [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/05m7pjf47, grid.7886.1, 0000 0001 0768 2743, School of Geography, University College Dublin, , Dublin, Ireland Peter Frankopan, the author of this very substantial [...]

Author(s): Brad K. Blitz [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.83440.3b, 0000000121901201, Department of Education, Practice and Society, University College London, , London, UK Recovering Ideas of Rights It is difficult to [...]

Author(s): Jeffrey Collins [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.410356.5, 0000 0004 1936 8331, Queen's University, , Kingston, Ontario, Canada For a historian, reading the new collection History in the Humanities and [...]

Background Inherited kidney diseases are a common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children. Identification of a monogenic cause of CKD is more common in children than in adults. This study evaluated the diagnostic yield and phenotypic spectrum of children who received genetic testing through the KIDNEYCODE sponsored genetic testing program. Methods Unrelated children < 18 years of age who received panel testing through the KIDNEYCODE sponsored genetic testing program from September 2019 through August 2021 were included (N = 832). Eligible children met at least one of the following clinician-reported criteria: estimated GFR [less than or equal to] 90 ml/min/1.73 m.sup.2, hematuria, a family history of kidney disease, or suspected or biopsy confirmed Alport syndrome or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in the tested individual or family member. Results A positive genetic diagnosis was observed in 234 children (28.1%, 95% CI [25.2-31.4%]) in genes associated with Alport syndrome (N = 213), FSGS (N = 9), or other disorders (N = 12). Among children with a family history of kidney disease, 30.8% had a positive genetic diagnosis. Among those with hematuria and a family history of CKD, the genetic diagnostic rate increased to 40.4%. Conclusions Children with hematuria and a family history of CKD have a high likelihood of being diagnosed with a monogenic cause of kidney disease, identified through KIDNEYCODE panel testing, particularly COL4A variants. Early genetic diagnosis can be valuable in targeting appropriate therapy and identification of other at-risk family members. Graphical abstract A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information, Author(s): Michelle N. Rheault [sup.1] , Heather M. McLaughlin [sup.2] , Asia Mitchell [sup.2] , Lauren E. Blake [sup.2] , Prasad Devarajan [sup.3] , Bradley A. Warady [sup.4] , Keisha [...]

Author(s): John R. Wallach [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.253482.a, 0000 0001 0170 7903, Hunter College and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, , New York City, [...]

Author(s): Brian O'Connor [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.7886.1, 0000 0001 0768 2743, University College Dublin, , Dublin, Ireland Philosophy and Historical Consciousness: The Case Renewed In 1984, the book Philosophy [...]

Author(s): Stefan Collini [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/013meh722, grid.5335.0, 0000 0001 2188 5934, University of Cambridge, , Cambridge, UK Christ Church is the largest and wealthiest of the colleges that [...]

The International Study of Kidney Disease in Children (ISKDC), begun in 1966, conducted the first international collaborative randomized blinded controlled trial in pediatric nephrology and one of the first in either pediatrics or nephrology. For this trial, the ISKDC developed the criteria, such as those for response and relapse, used today to describe the clinical course of the nephrotic syndrome, and the trial generated the nephropathologic terminology and criteria which largely remain the current standards. Over an approximately 20-year span, the ISKDC followed the natural history and evaluated the therapeutic effectiveness of therapies in over 500 children with the nephrotic syndrome from three continents. It published 14 peer-reviewed studies and several reports and commentaries, many of which helped create current standards of practice for therapy of childhood nephrotic syndrome and consequently remain highly cited today. The ISKDC continues to be an important model for subsequent collaborative studies and was the impetus for the development of regional and national pediatric nephrology societies leading to the recognition and growth of pediatric nephrology as a separate subspecialty. Graphical abstract, Author(s): William A. Primack [sup.1] , Robert L. Chevalier [sup.2] , Aaron Friedman [sup.3] , Kevin V. Lemley [sup.4] , Victoria F. Norwood [sup.2] , George J. Schwartz [sup.5] , [...]

Child maltreatment has long-term destructive effects on a person's psychological health. Therefore, it seems necessary to take interventions to reduce psychological symptoms and regulate the emotion of these people. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the Mindful Self-Compassion (MSC) program on reducing psychopathological symptoms, shame, and self-criticism in young adults with a history of childhood maltreatment. The research plan was a semi-experimental design with a control group. Forty-four eligible young adults in Isfahan (Iran) enrolled in an MSC course. The participants consisted of 19 males (43%) and 25 females (57%) from 18 to 25 years old. They were randomly assigned to the experimental (N = 24) and control (N = 23) groups. The experimental group participated in eight 2-h sessions of the MSC program. The results indicated that the experimental group showed a significant decrease in anxiety (p < .001), depression (p < .01), internal shame (p < .05), self-criticism (p < .000), and a significant increase in self-compassion (p < .01) compared to the control group in both post-test and follow-up. Also, a significant reduction was observed in external shame (p < .001) and stress (p < .01) in the experimental group immediately after the end of the intervention but there were no long-term effects at the two-month follow-up (P > .05). Based on the findings, it can be concluded that MCS can improve depression, anxiety, self-criticism, internal shame, and self-compassion in young adults with childhood maltreatment. Further studies with longer follow-up periods and larger sample groups with different demographics need to be conducted to confirm these findings., Author(s): Mozhdeh Sajjadi [sup.1] , Azam Noferesti [sup.1] , Maryam Abbasi [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/05vf56z40, grid.46072.37, 0000 0004 0612 7950, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, , [...]

Women in academia are typically outnumbered by men, a phenomenon metaphorically known as 'the leaky pipeline.' This study contributes by showing a motherhood penalty in the career pipeline at the postdoctoral stage in Germany-that is, during habilitation. Based on CV information and an email survey, the paper examines which factors are associated with being awarded a habilitation and whether these factors differ between women and men as well as mothers and fathers. Using Cox regressions of retrospective career trajectories of almost all psychologists at German universities in 2019 (2527 scientists with 37,423 publications), the study shows that SSCI/SCIE articles and having a PhD from abroad increase the habilitation risk more strongly for women and mothers than for men and fathers. Net of career factors observed by CVs, however, mothers have a 42% significantly lower habilitation risk., Author(s): Isabel M. Habicht [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/00613ak93, grid.7787.f, 0000 0001 2364 5811, Institute of Sociology, University of Wuppertal, , Wuppertal, Germany Introduction At the European level, the proportion [...]

Author(s): Paul Seabright [sup.1] [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.511228.d, 0000 0004 6877 802X, Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse, , Toulouse, France (2) grid.4991.5, 0000 0004 1936 8948, All Souls [...]

Author(s): William E. Scheuerman [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.411377.7, 0000 0001 0790 959X, Indiana University, , Bloomington, USA The prominent French political thinker Pierre Rosanvallon, Professor at the prestigious Paris-based [...]

Behavioral addictions are associated with detrimental consequences to one's functioning and wellbeing and hence have raised both public and clinical concerns. Both smartphone addiction (SA) and Internet gaming disorder (IGD) are common types of behavioral addictions, but the former is relatively generic, whereas the latter is behavior specific. This study approaches this topic from an evolutionary theoretical perspective and is the first to apply life history (LH) theory to understanding the interplay among LH strategies, self-regulation processes (i.e., impulse control and goal setting), and behavioral addictions (including both SA and IGD). We recruited 351 Chinese undergraduate students (M.sub.age = 19.33; SD = 1.06) who voluntarily completed an anonymous questionnaire. Results indicated that males had higher levels of IGD than females, although SA results did not vary by gender. As hypothesized, LH strategies were significantly and negatively related to SA and IGD (r = -0.17 and -0.18, p < .001) in those participants with fast LH strategies were more vulnerable to two behavioral addictions. The results of path analysis, however, partially supported the hypothesized mediating effect of self-regulation processes and showed that impulse control, but not goal setting, significantly mediated the effect of LH strategies on the two behavioral addictions The findings extended the application of evolutionary theory in explaining the development of both generic and specific types of behavioral addiction. Moreover, the differential effects of the two specific self-regulation processes on both SA and IGD suggest that, compared to low competence to set goal, a lack of control over one's impulsion is a more salient factor in the development and/or maintenance of behavioral addiction. Interventions, such as improving self-control, would be potentially effective strategies for Chinese university students vulnerable to behavioral addictions., Author(s): Meng Xuan ZHANG [sup.1] [sup.2] , Xiaoyu SU [sup.2] , Anise M. S. WU [sup.2] [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.263826.b, 0000 0004 1761 0489, Department of Medical Humanities, School [...]

With the prevalence of migration in China, migrants' behaviors have an important impact on social harmony and development. To explore the effect of ostracism on migrants' prosocial behaviors, this study examined the mediating role of Life History (LH) strategy and the moderating role of migration time based on LH theory. Participants were 549 migrants in Shanghai, China. They completed online questionnaires on demographics, ostracism, prosocial behavior, LH strategy, and migration time. Results showed that ostracism was negatively related to prosocial behavior, and LH strategy mediated the relationship. Moreover, migration time played a moderating role between ostracism and LH strategy. Both recent migrants and long-term migrants would form fast LH strategies after ostracism and exhibit fewer prosocial behaviors, while the association between ostracism and LH strategies was stronger among long-term migrants. Given the serious threat of ostracism to migrants and society, future research should further explore how to reduce ostracism toward migrants, so that they can better integrate and promote local social development., Author(s): Lei Shao [sup.1] , Guoliang Yu [sup.2] , Sen Li [sup.3] , Xiaoxue Pan [sup.4] , Denghao Zhang [sup.4] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.24539.39, 0000 0004 0368 8103, School of [...]

Jacob Soll: Free market: the history of an idea Basic Books, 2022 Some years ago, well before the demise of the Soviet Union, a scholar from Moscow spent several months [...]

Author(s): Joseph Brady [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.7886.1, 0000 0001 0768 2743, Department of Geography, University College Dublin, , Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland This book, we are told, grew out [...]

Author(s): Avner Offer [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.4991.5, 0000 0004 1936 8948, All Souls College, University of Oxford, , Oxford, UK How to write a single-volume history of the modern [...]

Research indicates many children who experience maltreatment are also exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV). Some studies find that children with child protective services (CPS) history have higher risk of preventable child fatality (CF). It is not known if there are unique characteristics of families with combined CPS and IPV histories that could inform service plans to reduce risk of later CF. Information from documents published in the Innocents Lost Database was extracted and analyzed, and linked to county level census data. The sample includes CFs from 501 Florida families that occurred from 2008 to 2015. Families had a history of CPS contact, but cause of death varied. Bivariate (t-test, chi-square, correlation) and logistic regression analyses compared CF cases with and without IPV mentioned in the full sample (n = 501) and the reduced sample (n = 155 with in-depth documentation). Prevalence of IPV ranged from 34 to 46% (full and reduced sample respectively) with violent death more common for this group. CFs with noted IPV histories were more likely to involve school-aged children from larger families. Such cases were more likely to include primary caregivers with noted mental health and substance abuse concerns, and/or prior criminal justice system contact and secondary caregivers with criminal justice histories. IPV was common among preventable CFs with prior CPS histories. Caregivers in these families had substantial prior contact with both CPS and other adult service and criminal justice systems. Implications for risk screening and preventive services within adult-serving systems and schools are discussed., Author(s): Melissa Jonson-Reid [sup.1] , Shih-Ying Cheng [sup.2] , Mary Katherine Shires [sup.1] , Brett Drake [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.4367.6, 0000 0001 2355 7002, Washington University, , MSC 1196-0251-46 [...]

This study compares the active and resting metabolic rates of species and life stages of copepods during the Arctic winter. Measurements were taken on individuals, and rates were described as functions of body mass. Differences in metabolic rate between species and life stages with the same mass were taken as evidence of distinct lifestyles. Copepod species that opportunistically feed during winter had higher active metabolic rates than species in a dormant state, but their resting metabolic rates were similar. Furthermore, metabolic rate increased more rapidly with mass for males compared to females and juvenile copepods with the result that the largest males had much greater rates. Whether the copepod was active or at rest had the greatest effect on metabolic rate, followed by body mass, species, and life stage having the least effect. Individual measurements on copepods can facilitate comparisons of metabolic rate across mass and further enable the measurement of rates when the individuals are active or at rest. The plasticity in metabolic rate found in the present study enables winter active species to have as low metabolic rates as dormant species and then suddenly mobilize and increase metabolism, likely as an adaptation to the scarce and random food availability during winter., Author(s): Konrad Karlsson [sup.1] [sup.2] , Janne E. Søreide [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/02yy8x990, grid.6341.0, 0000 0000 8578 2742, Department of Aquatic Resources, Institute of Freshwater Research, Swedish University of [...]

Author(s): Roger E. Backhouse [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.6572.6, 0000 0004 1936 7486, Department of Economics, University of Birmingham, , Birmingham, UK In contemporary political discourse, a free market implies [...]

Author(s): Julian Young [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.241167.7, 0000 0001 2185 3318, Wake Forest University, , Winston-Salem, USA Historical Immortality > God, says Nietzsche, is dead. But like the shadow [...]

The persistent narratives favoring dominant groups make it necessary to investigate the way these groups are portrayed in textbooks, which though they are meant to provide neutral information, often have an agenda that disempowers individuals from marginalized groups. This systemic functional linguistics text analysis of 362 passages of a world history textbook's sections on African participants asks the following question: How, if at all, does the use of different verb processes position individuals of different ethnic and racial identities? The findings indicate that different processes are used to legitimize European control and other Western involvement in African nations and remove their culpability in the exploitation of African resources. Meanwhile, the textbook authors remove African agency in the time periods following medieval and ancient Africa., Author(s): Kanushri Wadhwa [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.26790.3a, 0000 0004 1936 8606, Department of Teaching and Learning, University of Miami, , 5202 University Drive #312, 33146, Coral Gables, FL, USA [...]

Introduction Jacob Mchangama is the author of Free Speech: A History from Socrates to Social Media (Basic Books, 2022). He is also a lawyer, human rights activist, and founder of [...]

In this paper, we report on a participatory oral history study documenting the lives of late-diagnosed autistic adults in Australia. We interviewed 26 autistic adults about their life history and the impact of late diagnosis. All were diagnosed after the age of 35, growing up in an era when autism was not well known. Using reflexive thematic analysis, we uncovered a rich body of reflections on shared Autistic identity and identified three major themes within that data set: 'conceptualising the Autistic family', 'creating Autistic community', and 'contesting Autistic identity'. Overall, the study provides insights into the active creation of shared Autistic identity and the importance of Autistic community to these late-diagnosed autistic adults., Author(s): Rozanna Lilley [sup.1] [sup.2] , Wenn Lawson [sup.1] [sup.2] , Gabrielle Hall [sup.1] [sup.2] , Joanne Mahony [sup.1] [sup.2] , Hayley Clapham [sup.3] , Melanie Heyworth [sup.1] , Samuel [...]

The current research aims to examine variation in psychopathic personality traits and life history strategies during COVID-19 lockdown period in different areas of China. In Study 1 (N = 564), participants completed explicit measures of psychopathic traits and of life history strategy. To attenuate common method biases, Study 2 (N = 267) employed an alternative measure of psychopathy and an indirect measure of life history strategy, namely, future-discounting. Across two studies, we found consistent and significant evidence that participants from Wuhan, the initial epicenter of the pandemic, evidenced a faster life history strategy and a markedly higher level of psychopathic traits than did participants from Chongqing, which was less affected by the virus. Furthermore, a consistent pattern of correlation between life history strategy and psychopathy was observed across different groups of participants. We also replicated some previously reported studies but found that not all sex effects were consistent with life history in Chinese populations. Taken together, these findings suggest that individuals may show a high degree of variation in life history speed and psychopathic traits in response to unpredictable and adverse environments, which provide support for extended life history plasticity., Author(s): Heng Li [sup.1] , Yu Cao [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.263906.8, 0000 0001 0362 4044, College of International Studies, Southwest University, , 400715, Chongqing, China (2) grid.443621.6, 0000 0000 [...]

Author(s): David M. Thompson [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.5335.0, 0000000121885934, University of Cambridge, , Cambridge, UK This is an ambitious book, and the ambition is amply fulfilled. Most books that [...]

Author(s): Quassim Cassam [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.7372.1, 0000 0000 8809 1613, University of Warwick, , Coventry, UK Watching news coverage of scores of Afghan civilians running alongside an American [...]

Author(s): Gerald Mills [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.7886.1, 0000 0001 0768 2743, University College Dublin, , Dublin, Ireland In 2020, the population of New Orleans was about 384,000, placing it [...]

This paper presents and discusses an authentic landmark in the history of science, namely H. v. Foerster's Cybernetics of Cybernetics, 1974. This is a book rarely known even by many specialists. This paper argues that von Foerster's book constitutes a unique achievement in the history of science. A thorough presentation is introduced that brings a complete panorama of concepts, problems and approaches., Author(s): Carlos Eduardo Maldonado [sup.1], Eduardo Villar Concha [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.412195.a, 0000 0004 1761 4447, School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, , Bogotá, Colombia Introduction Roughly speaking, since [...]

Author(s): Penny Summerfield [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.5379.8, 0000000121662407, University of Manchester, , Manchester, UK In the last fifty years, there has been a tremendous flowering of women's history. Helen [...]

Alan S. Blinder: A monetary and fiscal history of the United States, 1961-2021 Princeton University Press, 2022 Alan Blinder provides a useful service in his recording of events in the [...]

J. Bradford DeLong: Slouching towards Utopia: an economic history of the twentieth century Hachette Book Group, 2022 In this book J. Bradford DeLong analyzes how over a period of 140 [...]

Although emotional sequelae determine a stroke coping process, it has hardly been analysed on the personal and family levels through life-histories. To know the perceptions of a family unit about coping with the diagnosis of a stroke. Qualitative research based on a life-history. We made use of semi-structured interviews to collect data from a person who had suffered a stroke and two family members. Once transcribed and anonymised, the data was analysed following the constant comparative method and coding process. The haemorrhagic-stroke coping process caused changes in both the patient and her caregivers, who showed less activity and changes in family roles and dynamics that affected their socialisation and leisure time. The patient stated emotional shock with apathy, guilt, and non-acceptance of the disability. The family suffered anxiety and emotional overload. Both were satisfied with the care received during hospital admissions but missed attention to emotional aspects. Stroke has a high emotional impact on both patients and family members. Primary caregivers are key pillars of care, and they will need information, training and support. The assistance that deals with the physical and emotional needs of patients and their families from diagnosis is crucial to achieve a successful coping process, likewise a good coordination of the multidisciplinary team to improve information protocols., Author(s): Jesús Batuecas-Caletrío [sup.1] [sup.2] , Beatriz Rodríguez-Martín [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.8048.4, 0000 0001 2194 2329, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of [...]

Author(s): John Bartle [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.8356.8, 0000 0001 0942 6946, Department of Government at the University of Essex, , Colchester, UK British prime ministers arrive in Downing Street [...]

James Prescott Joule's (1818-1889) bicentenary took place in 2018 and commemorated by the IDTC with a Symposium-'James Joule's Bicentenary: Scientific and Pedagogical Issues Concerning Energy Conservation'-at the European Society for the History of Science (ESHS & BSHS), 14th-17th September, 2018, in London. This symposium had three main objectives: It aimed specifically to celebrate James Joule's achievements considering the most recent historiographical works with a particular focus on the principle of conservation of energy; It served the purpose of discussing the scientific and pedagogical issues related to heat, energy and work and how they are presented in textbooks and worked out in classrooms; It also provided discussions on the present situation of teaching and learning science through the use of History of Science, both in K-12 and college level with an emphasis on energy and related concepts. In the following, the Introduction of this Special Issue on Joule is presented., Author(s): Raffaele Pisano [sup.1] [sup.2] [sup.3], Paulo Mauricio [sup.4], Philippe Vincent [sup.5] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.461903.9, 0000 0004 0368 3863, IEMN, Lille University, , Villeneuve d'Ascq, France (2) grid.29172.3f, 0000 [...]

The life history model of psychopathology provides an alternate framework for understanding the development and etiology of psychopathology; however, presently there is minimal empirical support for this perspective. The current study (N = 343) replicated and extended previous research, investigating the associations between life history traits, including demographic indicators, attachment, and psychopathology, in a mental health and general population sample. The study specifically aimed to explore whether life history traits were associated with a general factor of psychopathology or whether they could also predict specific symptom groups, with results suggesting that life history traits could predict both. Furthermore, results revealed that people who expressed faster life history traits reported elevated general psychopathology; however, symptoms were in fact associated with traits of both slow and fast life history strategies. Specifically, interpersonal sensitivity and depression were experienced at higher rates for people who express higher levels of traits reflective of a faster life history strategy; whereas, somatization and anxiety were experienced at higher rates for people who express more traits typical of a slower strategy. Interestingly, paranoid ideation was experienced at higher rates for males who express faster life history traits. This research has several theoretical and practical implications, in replicating and extending previous studies, providing insight into psychopathological symptomatology, including variation in individuals' risks for developing a range of mental disorders., Author(s): Bianca L. Kahl [sup.1] , Phillip S. Kavanagh [sup.1] [sup.2] , David H. Gleaves [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.1026.5, 0000 0000 8994 5086, University of South Australia, Justice and [...]

The present study aims to the examination of mindfulness and impulsiveness in university student-athletes in terms of sports injury development history. A total of 181 athletes, 56 female, and 125 males, were included in the study. The Sociodemographic Information Form, the short form of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, and the Mindfulness Inventory for Sport were applied to the participants. In conclusion, the athletes with a history of injuring another athlete had a higher score average in impulsiveness scale. The total scores from the overall mindfulness inventory did not differ significantly based on the status of having injured another athlete. It was observed that the athletes who experienced severe injury had a lower score average in the overall impulsiveness scale compared to the athletes who experienced a moderate injury. No significant difference was observed in the score averages from the overall mindfulness scale based on injury severity. Among the most notable results of the present study are the positive relationship between motor impulsiveness and injury frequency and the negative relationship between mindfulness and the total of the impulsivity scale and all its sub-dimensions., Author(s): Emre Ozan Tingaz [sup.1] [sup.2] , Meryem Altun Ekiz [sup.3] , Soner Çakmak [sup.4] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.25769.3f, 0000 0001 2169 7132, Department of Physical Education and Sports Teaching, [...]

The original article was published with errors. The corrections are provided here., Author(s): Carlos Eduardo Maldonado [sup.1], Eduardo Villar Concha [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.412195.a, 0000 0004 1761 4447, School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, , Bogotá, Colombia Correction to: Foundations of [...]

Author(s): Maurice Walsh [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.4464.2, 0000 0001 2161 2573, Goldsmiths, University of London, , London, UK In the summer of 1972, the renowned Irish historian, F.S.L. Lyons, [...]

Author(s): John Sweeney [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.95004.38, 0000 0000 9331 9029, Maynooth University, , Maynooth, Ireland A young climate activist from Uganda, Hilda Nakabuye, told political leaders at a [...]

Marie Springer: The politics of Ponzi schemes: history, theory, and policy Routledge, 2020 A type of white-collar crime or financial fraud named after Charles Ponzi, Ponzi schemes occurs when a [...]

In the wake of recent attempts at alternate history (Bowler 2013 (See CR7)), this paper suggests several avenues for a pluralistic approach to Charles Darwin and his role in the history of evolutionary theory. We examine in what sense Darwin could be described as a major driver of theoretical change in the history of biology. First, this paper examines how Darwin influenced the future of biological science: not merely by stating the fact of evolution or by bringing evidence for it; but by discovering natural selection, and giving it pre-eminence over any other mechanism for evolution; and also by proposing a masterful and quite unique synthesis of many scientific fields. Contrasting Darwin's views with those of A.R. Wallace, I conclude that 'natural selection' is clearly an original contribution, that it had no forerunners or co-discoverers, and could barely have appeared after Darwin conceived of it. This specificity of Darwin's contribution is an invitation to be strongly presentist (Loison 2016 (See CR51)) and to adopt only weak counter-factuals. In contrast, there are possible ways to use strong counter-factuals as attempts to 'pluralize' the history of biological theory: i.e. imagine new possible avenues for the development of evolutionary biology. The idea that evolution was a theory 'in the air' suggests that evolutionary theory could have developed in a world without Darwin, especially if we accept to delete not only 'Darwin' but 'England'. France and Germany are examined as possible countries where evolutionary ideas would have thrived even with no contribution from the English scientists. Finally, the paper suggests another counter-factual hypothesis: deleting not Darwin and his Origin but the Darwin Industry itself. This may allow us to read the Origin of Species with fresh eyes and to discover Darwin's life-long interest in variation and its laws, as many of his early readers did., Author(s): Thierry Hoquet [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.483258.0, 0000 000106664287, Département de Philosophie, Institut de Recherches Philosophiques (IRePh), Université Paris Nanterre, , Nanterre, France Introduction: Presentism, Pluralism, and the Counter-Factual [...]

Building on my previous writings on presentism, pluralism, and 'complementary science', I develop an activist view of historiography. I begin by recognizing the inevitability of presentism. Our own purposes and perspectives do and should guide the production of our accounts of the past; like funerals, history-writing is for the living. There are different kinds of presentist history, depending on the historians' purposes and perspectives. My particular inclination is pluralist. Science remembers its own history from a particular perspective ('whiggism'), which views the past as imperfect versions of the present; if professional historians of science shared this perspective, our work would be redundant. Instead, we can make it our task to illuminate the aspects of the past of science that scientists themselves tend to ignore and forget. History of science can also take a more productive role in the creation and improvement of scientific knowledge. Scientific progress as we know it tends to involve the shutting down of alternative paths of inquiry, resulting in a loss of potential and actual knowledge. A critical and sympathetic engagement with the past allows us to recover the lost paths, which can also suggest new paths. These points will be illustrated by a number of examples, especially from the history of chemistry and physics, including the recovery and extension of past experiments., Author(s): Hasok Chang [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.5335.0, 0000000121885934, Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge, Free School Lane, , CB2 3RH, Cambridge, UK Introduction In this [...]

According to attachment theory, infants establish an attachment bond that gives them confidence and comfort, and the figure of attachment forms a secure basis for the infant. A history of abuse and neglect in the mother can affect her style of attachment to her infant. The aim in the present study is to investigate mother-child attachment patterns in mothers with and without a history of abuse. Of the 94 mothers, 50% had a childhood history of abuse, and of these 47 mothers, 61.7% had experienced physical abuse, 53.19% had experienced emotional abuse, 29.78% had experienced negligence and 6.38% had experienced sexual abuse. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with and without a history of abuse in this regard. When the attachment patterns of the mothers in the two groups with their own mothers were evaluated, there was a significant difference in terms of their attachment patterns with their fathers. Although no significant relationship was observed between the history of abuse and attachment pattern, mothers with a history of abuse in childhood exhibited an insecure attachment. Education level can be a protective factor in establishing an attachment pattern, while intergenerational interactions can be suggested to affect attachment patterns., Author(s): Nazmi Mutlu Karakas [sup.1] , Burcu Akin Sari [sup.2] , Fatma Nur Baran Aksakal [sup.3] , Dilsad Foto Özdemir [sup.4] , Figen Sahin Dagli [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.25769.3f, [...]

Author(s): John Keane [sup.1] [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.13388.31, 0000 0001 2191 183X, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin (WZB), , Berlin, Germany (2) grid.1013.3, 0000 0004 1936 834X, University of Sydney, , Sydney, [...]

Author(s): Zoe M. Van Gyseghem [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.261331.4, 0000 0001 2285 7943, The Ohio State University, , Columbus, OH, USA Dr. Leonard Moore's 2021 book Teaching Black History [...]