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With significant upgrades over the last decade, the Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) radar network now features multiple scanning dual-polarization Doppler radars to exploit polarimetric, multifrequency, and multi-Doppler [...]

Family Resource Centers (FRCs) have grown organically to become the most typical kind of Family Support and Strengthening program in the country. There are now more than 3,000 FRCs in [...]

ABSTRACT The Tokyo Metropolitan Area Convection Study for Extreme Weather Resilient Cities (TOMACS) began as a Japanese domestic research project in 2010 and aimed to elucidate the mechanisms behind local [...]

Did you know that aircraft can cause lightning? Researchers began investigating aircraft-triggered lightning after several cases were observed of aircraft receiving lightning strikes from lightning-inactive clouds. The phenomenon of aircraft-triggered [...]

Crowdsourcing is an observational method that has gained increasing popularity in recent years. In hail research, crowdsourced reports bridge the gap between heuristically defined radar hail algorithms, which are automatic [...]

During the 2018 Christmas shopping season, a revealing blip appeared on the consumer radar when Payless Shoesource surreptitiously opened a Beverly Hills boutique under the Italianized label Palessi. They invited [...]

ABSTRACT In recent years, hail accumulations from thunderstorms have occurred frequently enough to catch the attention of the National Weather Service, the general public, and news agencies. Despite the extreme [...]

To predict the future contributions of the Antarctic ice sheets to sea-level rise, numerical models use reconstructions of past ice-sheet retreat after the Last Glacial Maximum to tune model parameters.sup.1. Reconstructions of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet have assumed that it retreated progressively throughout the Holocene epoch (the past 11,500 years or so).sup.2-4. Here we show, however, that over this period the grounding line of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (which marks the point at which it is no longer in contact with the ground and becomes a floating ice shelf) retreated several hundred kilometres inland of today's grounding line, before isostatic rebound caused it to re-advance to its present position. Our evidence includes, first, radiocarbon dating of sediment cores recovered from beneath the ice streams of the Ross Sea sector, indicating widespread Holocene marine exposure; and second, ice-penetrating radar observations of englacial structure in the Weddell Sea sector, indicating ice-shelf grounding. We explore the implications of these findings with an ice-sheet model. Modelled re-advance of the grounding line in the Holocene requires ice-shelf grounding caused by isostatic rebound. Our findings overturn the assumption of progressive retreat of the grounding line during the Holocene in West Antarctica, and corroborate previous suggestions of ice-sheet re-advance.sup.5. Rebound-driven stabilizing processes were apparently able to halt and reverse climate-initiated ice loss. Whether these processes can reverse present-day ice loss.sup.6 on millennial timescales will depend on bedrock topography and mantle viscosity--parameters that are difficult to measure and to incorporate into ice-sheet models.Radiocarbon dating of sediment cores and ice-penetrating radar observations are used to demonstrate that the West Antarctic Ice Sheet has not retreated progressively during the Holocene epoch, but has instead showed periods of retreat and re-advance., Author(s): J. Kingslake [sup.1] , R. P. Scherer [sup.2] , T. Albrecht [sup.3] , J. Coenen [sup.2] , R. D. Powell [sup.2] , R. Reese [sup.3] , N. D. Stansell [...]

The premise of implementing an effective traffic control strategy is the accurate traffic state recognition. In the existing study, traffic state recognition methods were processed by using statistical characteristics and long-term scale detection of field traffic data. Hence, the dynamic characteristics and subtle changes in traffic flow were easy to overlook. At present, more and more advanced traffic detection technology provides reliable and accurate data for measuring and distinguishing the state of urban road traffic, such as the cooperative vehicle-infrastructure system, wide-area radar technology, and 5G technology. This study proposes a novel method called HTSI (High Precision Traffic State Identification Method), which is based on the advanced detection technology in traffic state recognition at the intersection: The raw data used for intersection traffic state recognition is high-precision detection data of tracking characteristics, which make the data look like a picture of the intersection at God's perspective. To this end, we construct an image model for intersections and implement image feature extraction in a way that is different from traditional image processing. Then, the traffic state recognition problem at the intersection is translated into an image searching problem with tags. The image searching is realized by the hashing algorithm. Finally, the comprehensive experiments prove that the proposed method is more accurate and finer than other methods., 1. Introduction Intersections are important nodes of urban road networks, and traffic demand often gathers at intersections. The multidimensional, complex, and time-varying characteristics of traffic demand would reflect on traffic [...]

Overflow identification and control at urban road intersection is a derivative problem of oversaturation control. The existing cross-section detector uses the road cross-section occupation of vehicles to identify the overflow state; then, the downstream road condition is often ignored. At present, more and more advanced traffic detection technologies, such as vehicle-to-infrastructure and wide-area radar, can provide reliable data for accurate overflow identification. In this paper, a new method of overflow identification and control at intersections is proposed by using advanced wide- area radar detection data. As a detector for specific segment of road, the wide-area radar can detect the traffic flow data in a certain range of road and provide more data types. Therefore, the average speed and space occupancy of the effective detection road segment are selected as subindicators to establish the comprehensive identification index of overflow identification. Then, the overflow control strategy is developed considering the traffic demand of the overflow phase and the nonoverflow phase. It is proved that the method is more accurate and effective in overflow identification and control by using simulation experiment of field data., 1. Introduction Intersections are important nodes of urban road networks. The multidimensional, complex, and time-varying characteristics of traffic demand often lead to multiple traffic states at intersections. Therefore, finding suitable [...]

The purpose of this study is to present University of Calabar statistics and functional areas using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The process of using a GIS is faceted and involves different methods of presentation. Being that University of Calabar Library has not yet been geo-mapped, author traced in-use statistics in the different divisions for a 3-years period especially to show that the library, in whatever format is useful for Information services. The summed in use statistics gave a total data for study in all the functional areas. Analysis was presented using three different types of GIS charts------ Lines with markers charts, Radar charts, and a 3-D 100% stacked column chart. The findings revealed that library use data can be represented using a GIS. In addition, when data is accurate, whatever GIS design used for presentation and visualization will be accurate, most times self-explanatory and easy to understand. There is little published research to date on the capabilities and applications of GIS in this area of the world. This research provides a practical application-base overview. The paper therefore recommends that library Management in collaboration with the parent institution should arrange for the training of librarians in GIS usage. This would be important to boost contemporary Librarianship in this aspect. Keywords: Information, GIS, In-use statistics, Functional areas, GIS-charts, University of Calabar Library., INTRODUCTION The train of modern librarianship is moving rapidly through libraries as recently, all types of libraries have become active users and providers of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) resources. Larsgaard [...]

Roughly speaking, a tornado consists of an inner core that rotates as a solid body surrounded by an outer flow where the circulation is constant. Generally Doppler radar does not [...]

Under convective weather conditions, aircraft rerouting in terminal airspace is essential to ensure flight safety and reduce air traffic delays. Traditional air traffic rerouting approaches do not combine convective weather information using radar image recognition with controller workload, additional fuel consumption, delay loss, time cost, and route length at terminal airspace in tactical ATFM phase for exact rerouting decision. In accordance with the safety and economic principles of the route network in terminal airspace and in consideration of the changes in the speed and height of aircraft in terminal airspace, a multiobjective rerouting planning model is established in this study for terminal airspace under convective weather conditions in tactical air traffic flow management phase. Then traffic simulation is conducted to analyze the capacity and delays of the rerouting in the approach path in Shanghai terminal area. Experimental results indicate that this model can increase airspace capacity and operational efficiency of air traffic compared with the traditional air traffic rerouting approaches., 1. Introduction With the rapid development of air transportation, the problem of air traffic congestion is exacerbated. The contradiction between limited airspace resources and traffic demand becomes increasingly prominent. As [...]

The development and testing of intelligent liquid transportation security system are being reported in this paper. The targeted fluid to be secured was ethanol alcohol and this was due to the theft cases occurring during the transportation of this product from the supplier to the customer. The system was developed such that only the radar level sensor (VEGAPULS 62) might be in contact with the fluid and the rest of the system remained outside the liquid carrying container to be secured. The system was developed such that it reports any abnormal liquid level drop through short message service (SMS). The functioning of the developed system was tested through the use of 1040 L Intermediate Bulk Container (IBC) filled with water which was hauled for about 1.5 km. The liquid theft was simulated and the system sent two SMS. The first SMS reported the beginning of water level drop and the second one reported the ending of water level drop. The second SMS reported the amount of liquid that was taken out of the container., 1. Introduction Transportation of bulk goods forms a large part of the economic sector. Logistic companies have large fleets carrying goods to various destinations. Whilst these operations can be controlled [...]

The system architecture for cognitive radar-communication (CRC) transceiver is proposed. A cognitive waveforms design approach, which is suitable for simultaneously performing both data communication and target detection, is presented. This approach aims at estimating target scattering coefficient (TSC) from the radar scene and facilitating high data rate communications. In order to minimize the mean square error (MSE) of the TSC, a convex cost function is established. The peak to average power ratio- (PAPR-) constrained optimal solution is achieved by applying the Kalman filtering-based strategy to design the set of ultrawideband (UWB) transmission pulses and embed into them the information data with the M-ary position phase shift keying modulation technique. In addition to theoretical considerations, the simulation results show an improvement in target scattering coefficient (TSC) estimation and target detection probability as the number of iterations increases, while still transmitting data rates in the range of several Mbps with low bit error rates between CRC transceivers., 1. Introduction The integration of multiple functions such as radar tasks and communication applications has attracted substantial interest in recent years and sparked a number of research initiatives [1-4]. It [...]

Roddy Rhodes Rogers, professor emeritus of atmospheric science, passed away on February 20, 2019, at the age of 85. Rogers devoted his career to atmospheric remote sensing using Doppler radar, [...]

Emerging monitoring methods will allow scientists to keep an eye on many more volcanoes. Emerging monitoring methods will allow scientists to keep an eye on many more volcanoes., Author(s): Alexandra Witze Author Affiliations: How AI and satellites could help predict volcanic eruptions Agung volcano on the Indonesian island of Bali erupts in November 2017. [see PDF for image] [...]

Hidden away in a mound on a Norwegian island is a huge Viking ship as long as 55 feet, researchers say. The Institute for Cultural Heritage Research says the ship [...]

Astronomers have known for years that Venus has mountains that look like volcanoes, but now there is evidence that the volcanoes are active. In the early 1990s the Magellan spacecraft [...]

A new study triples previous estimates of the number of people likely to be displaced by sea-level rise and coastal flooding. Most previous estimates were based on data from NASA's [...]

Bird migration is influenced by weather, making it hard to predict when birds will pass through a particular place on their route. A model that forecasts bird migrations has been developed using radar data and weather information.The development of a system to predict bird-migration movements., Author(s): Mary AbrahamAuthor Affiliations:Bird forecasting by radar Credit: P. Choui/Getty [see PDF for image]A male Baltimore Oriole flaps his wings as he takes flight from a branchRelated [...]