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Byline: Alex Brown A NBC 4 New York/Wall Street Journal/Marist Poll gives Gov. Andrew Cuomo (D) a 56-30% lead over Westchester County Executive Rob Astorino (R). Cuomo is even at [...]

Recent changes in U.S. federal law have recognized the genetic and chemical differences between hemp and marijuana (Cannabis sativa L.), resulting in the legalization of hemp in the United States. The barriers to this plant's growth in the state of Georgia are not well understood due to its prohibition for the past 80 years. Among the many possible obstacles is fungal disease. Fusarium oxysporum (Schlecht. emend. Snyder & Hansen) is a fungus that damages various crops and was previously researched as a biocontrol agent for C. sativa. Thus, this study surveyed hemp farms in Georgia to determine the prevalence of F. oxysporum in native soils via qPCR and correlate their abundance with the physicochemical properties of the soil (soil moisture, pH, ammonium, nitrate, and total inorganic nitrogen). Home vegetable gardens were also surveyed to be compared to the F. oxysporum abundance of hemp farms. We found that 5 out of 20 of the hemp soil samples and 1 out of 8 of the vegetable garden samples tested positive for F. oxysporum. Correlation analysis revealed a strong negative correlation between F. oxysporum abundance and soil moisture (r = -0.850, P=0.031). Although there were several plants reported to have symptoms matching that of fusarium wilt, no hemp farmer reported a substantial loss of crops from fungal disease. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that F. oxysporum may not pose a significant barrier to hemp farming in Georgia., INTRODUCTION Cannabis sativa L. (hemp, marijuana) is a crop that provides a wide variety of medicinal, industrial, and environmental usages (Sarfaraz et al., 2005; Rodriguez-Leyva & Pierce, 2010; Esposito et [...]

Problematic social media use (PSMU) refers to excessive uncontrolled use of social media which impacts upon daily functioning (Blackwell et al., 2017 (See CR13)). Self-regulation is central to the development and experience of PSMU, and conceptually interrelates with individual usage motivations (Reinecke et al., 2022 (See CR67)). While there is a growing body of research on social media use motivations, how usage motivations and self-regulation combined influence PSMU is not well understood. There are also persistent questions around the effectiveness of addiction-based measures of PSMU. The quantitative component of this nested mixed-methods study (N = 607) employed hierarchical regression and structural equation modelling, principally identifying that impulsive social media usage mediates the pathway between perceived executive/attentional functioning and the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS, Andreassen et al., 2012 (See CR6), 2016 (See CR5)), a popular tool used to measure PSMU. In contrast, social-engagement motivations had a negative influence on the BSMAS. The qualitative component, comprising interview/open-ended questionnaire, explored individual experiences self-regulating social media use. Participants (N = 24) were recruited from the survey study, based on meeting screening criteria for executive dysfunction (Adult Self-Report ADHD Scale, Kessler et al., 2005 (See CR38)), with sub-groups defined by top and bottom quartile BSMAS scores (evenly grouped). Thematic analysis found that most individuals with attention dysregulation, regardless of their BSMAS category, perceive self-regulation of social media use as highly challenging and effortful, describing broadly problematic relationship with social media. They also described rich combination of motivations and context of using social media, and strategies for managing use. This research questions the effectiveness of the BSMAS as a measure of general PSMU (lacking a formed self-regulation component), especially in individuals with attentional dysregulation. Future research investigating self-regulation strategies and focusing on characteristics of positive social media use is needed., Author(s): David Caelum Arness [sup.1] , Theodora Ollis [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/03t52dk35, grid.1029.a, 0000 0000 9939 5719, School of Psychology, Western Sydney University, , Sydney, NSW, Australia Introduction Over [...]

Previous research investigated the role of social media use and perceived socio-cultural pressure as predictors of the endorsement of ideal body stereotypes. However, not much has been explored concerning cognitive fusion and its role within this framework. The current study investigated social media use as a predictor of ideal body stereotypes and how this relationship is mediated by perceived social pressure. Additionally, we explored the potential moderating roles of cognitive fusion within these relationships. Our sample consisted of 489 participants aged 18 to 53 (73.2% females). The findings suggested that the participants' reported social media use level significantly predicted both the ideal body stereotypes and the perceived social pressure. The overall effect of perceived social pressure on ideal body stereotypes was not significant. However, at low levels of cognitive fusion, the perceived social pressure significantly mediated the relationship between social media use and ideal body stereotype. We consider the current findings significant for their contribution to potential educational programs designed to address the adverse consequences of social media use on psychological and physical well-being., Author(s): Alexandra Maftei [sup.1] , Ioan-Alex Merlici [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.8168.7, 0000000419371784, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, , 3 Toma [...]

Utilization of online social networking sites (SNSs) is often problematic in young people. However, studies seldom seek to understand personal differences and deep-seated reasons in its problematic utilization. This study aims to explore the longstanding and recent psychosocial predictors of problematic utilization of WeChat friend center (PUWF) longitudinally. A total of 433 college students (17-25 years old, male/female ratio: 389/44) were investigated over 2 successive years (T1: first year; T2: second year) using the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist, Social Support Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the problematic utilization scale of the WeChat friend center which was developed in this study. Correlation, regression, and structural equation analyses were conducted. A problematic utilization scale of the WeChat friend center was developed with Cronbach's alpha of .836. 21.02% of students reported WeChat PUWF. Males utilized the WeChat friend center less than females, and females were at higher risk of PUWF, which was correlated with worse mental health. In the longitudinal prediction, regression and modeling analyses showed that apprehension of personality predicted PUWF consistently and directly, and this was partially mediated by T1 depression and T2 negative life events. Resultys suggest that females are at higher risk for PUWF. Apprehension personality has a direct and indirect effect on PUWF through recent depression and life events. The findings help to recognize individuals at risk for PUWF as well as to better prevent it, and provide suggestions as to the functional design of SNSs according to different need of users. Core tips: Utilization of SNSs is often problematic in young people. However, personal differences and deep-seated reasons in its problematic utilization has been poorly revealed. Through a longitudinal investigation, this study confirms that females are at higher risk for PUWF. Apprehension personality has a direct and indirect effect on PUWF through recent depression and life events. The findings help to recognize individuals at risk for PUWF and give theoretical evidence to the functional design of SNSs for diferent users., Author(s): Mengjia Zhang [sup.1] , Xiaoxiao Sun [sup.1] , Xuemei Qin [sup.1] , Xiaomei Ren [sup.1] , Chong Wen [sup.1] , Fei Xie [sup.2] , Beijing Chen [sup.2] , Qin [...]

Digital technology use plays an essential role in adolescents' psychological adjustment, impacting their mental health and well-being. In this scenario, Problematic Internet Use (PIU) is a risky condition for developing behavioral addiction in adolescence. Most of the research on PIU in adolescence focus on dimensions that may amplify or buffer it, finding significant associations between PIU and interpersonal problems with peers, maladaptive personality traits, low self-esteem, emotion dysregulation, and increasing psychological difficulties. It has been suggested that PIU might represent a maladaptive coping strategy to tackle problematic psychosocial functioning. In this line, the current cross-sectional study focused on PIU's role in the association between personality dimensions and internalizing/externalizing problems. Two-hundred thirty-one middle and late adolescents (age range 15-19 years; 62% Female) attending public junior high schools in Italy completed the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), the Adolescent Personality Structure Questionnaire (APS-Q), and the Youth Self Report (YSR). Moderation analyses were used to test the hypothesis that higher PIU amplifies the relationship between maladaptive personality dimensions and psychological symptoms. Results indicated that only high PIU influenced the relationship between difficulties in building significant relationships with peers and internalizing problems. Conversely, PIU buffered the relationship between difficulties in adolescents' sense of self (identity) and internalizing problems and the association between aggression regulation and internalizing problems, supporting the role of PIU as a maladaptive coping strategy. These findings encourage accurately evaluating PIU as a risk factor in adolescence: (1) considering how high PIU's presence should impact the relationship between adolescent personality and the quality of their relationships with peers; (2) acknowledging the role of PIU as a regulation strategy for identity difficulties and aggression dysregulation., Author(s): Andrea Fontana [sup.1] , Ilaria Maria Antonietta Benzi [sup.2] , Pietro Cipresso [sup.2] [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.440892.3, 0000 0001 1956 0575, Department of Human Sciences, LUMSA University, , [...]

Internet addiction (IA) among adolescents has become a major problem nowadays. Previous studies have found the association between childhood trauma and Internet addiction. There is evidence that coping styles may play a mediating role in this association, but related studies are still limited. This study aims to investigate the association between childhood trauma and Internet addiction among Chinese adolescents and whether coping styles mediate this association. A cross-sectional study design was adopted. Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Study of Adolescents' Mental and Behavioral Well-being Research (Registration No. ChiCTR1900022032). A multi-stage random cluster sampling was adopted to recruit a total of 1, 956 first-grade middle school students from ten high schools in Guangzhou. Demographic characteristics, childhood trauma, Internet addiction, and coping styles were measured. After controlling for sex, grade, household socioeconomic status, one child or not, living arrangement, family relation, smoking and drinking, multivariable linear regression models showed that physical abuse (unstandardized [beta] estimate = 0.846, 95% CI = 0.615 ~ 1.076), emotional abuse (unstandardized [beta] estimate = 0.997, 95% CI = 0.843 ~ 1.151), emotional neglect (unstandardized [beta] estimate = 0.218, 95% CI = 0.099 ~ 0.338) and sexual abuse (unstandardized [beta] estimate = 1.454, 95% CI = 1.065 ~ 1.844) were positively associated with IA. Further analyses showed that negative coping styles partially mediated the association between physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and IA among all the participants. Adolescents with childhood traumatic experiences may have a higher risk for Internet addiction, and negative coping styles may play a mediating role. Attention should be paid to adolescents with childhood traumatic experiences, especially those possessing negative coping styles., Author(s): Yilin Hua [sup.1] [sup.2] , Wanxin Wang [sup.1] [sup.2] , Jingman Shi [sup.1] [sup.2] , Hongqiong Wang [sup.1] [sup.2] , Ke Xu [sup.1] [sup.2] , Guangduoji Shi [sup.1] [sup.2] [...]

Since the endocannabinoid system is involved in immune function, the effect of cannabinoid intake on infectious conditions is questioned for several years and is of particular interest in the COVID 19 pandemia. Some data suggest that the immunomodulatory effect of cannabinoids may affect the course and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given the large number of cannabinoids consumers in the community, this commentary presents the current knowledge on the potential impact of cannabinoids and endocannabinoids on bacterial and viral infection courses namely SARS-CoV-2 disease. Practical recommendations, which can be drawn from the literature, are given. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Immunity, Cannabinoids, Endocannabinoid system, Author(s): Myriam El Biali (corresponding author) [a]; Barbara Broers [b]; Marie Besson [a]; Jules Demeules [a] Introduction Since the end of the year 2019, the world is confronted with a [...]

As the global marketplace for pharmaceutical products increases, so does the potential for counterfeit products entering the legal distribution supply chain, posing a major threat to public health. Counterfeit pharmaceuticals are unregulated products that may contain the incorrect amount of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), a different API, no API, or incorrect excipients within the counterfeit product. Types of pharmaceutical products counterfeited include solid dosage forms (tablets and capsules) and injectable products (such as oncology drugs). Historically, counterfeit products have ranged from poor to very sophisticated copies of the original product. Depending on the type of product encountered, a variety of different physical and instrumental analysis techniques may be required to distinguish between a suspect counterfeit and authentic product. It is important to use multidisciplinary approaches when analyzing suspect counterfeit products. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)'s Forensic Chemistry Center continually investigates new instrumentation and methods to add to the growing list of instrumental techniques available to analyze suspect counterfeit products., Counterfeit pharmaceutical products pose a major threat to public health. Counterfeit pharmaceuticals are unregulated products which may contain dangerous, harmful ingredients, or insufficient amount of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). [...]

A rapidly growing collection of software tools is helping researchers to analyse multiple huge '-omics' data sets. A rapidly growing collection of software tools is helping researchers to analyse multiple huge '-omics' data sets., Author(s): Jeffrey M. Perkel Author Affiliations: Single-cell analysis enters the multiomics age Single-cell data (top) increasingly are being combined with spatial information (bottom). Credit: 10x Genomics Two sheets of visual [...]

Byline: Massimiliano. Ardu, Damiano. Bisogni, Alessandro. Bruscino, Rosaria. Tucci, Massimo. Falchini, Andrea. Valeri, Paolo. Prosperi Background: The best operative approach to large hiatal hernias still remains controversial between suture cruroplasty [...]

There is an increasing interest in cannabinoids as they are being proved to effectively treat the symptoms of a variety of medical conditions. Commercialization of cannabinoid-based pharmaceutical products is expected to grow in the near future, favored by the recent changes in medical regulations in many developed countries. Hence, robust and reliable analytical methods for determining the content of the active pharmaceutical ingredient will be needed, as this is one of the most relevant parameters for the decision to release the final pharmaceutical product into the market. The aim of this work was to demonstrate that near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy fulfills the needed requirements for this purpose, as well as to provide a methodology to be applied to other cannabinoid-based products. We present two validated methods for the quantification of different liquid pharma-grade cannabidiol (CBD) formulations based on NIR spectroscopy and partial least squares regression modelling. The methods were constructed and validated with spectra belonging both to production samples and to laboratory samples specifically made for this purpose, and they fulfill European Medicines Agency and International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use guideline requirements. These methods allow determining the CBD content with results comparable to the usual method of choice while saving reagent- as well as time-related costs. Keywords Near-infrared spectroscopy * European Medicines Agency * Good Manufacturing Practices * Good Laboratory Practices * Partial least squares regression * Cannabidiol * Quality control, Introduction The recent discovery of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) as a regulator of cellular homeostasis has pushed cannabinoids into a central position from the medical and drug research point of [...]

Background: Cannabidiol (CBD) is highly lipophilic, and its oral bioavailability is known to be very low in humans. In this study, we developed a novel nanoemulsion preparation of CBD (CBD-NE) to improve the poor solubility and absorption of CBD. The pharmacokinetic profiles of CBD in rats were evaluated after oral administrations of CBD oil and CBD-NE, and the effect of bile secretion on CBD absorption was also evaluated. Methods: The CBD-NE formulation developed in this study consisted of vitamin E acetate, ethanol, Tween-20, and distilled water (1.7/3.8/70/24.5, w/w%). A CBD oil formulation (CBD oil, control) 100 mg/kg or CBD-NE 50 mg/kg was orally administered to rats, and the blood samples were collected over time. Moreover, the CBD oil or CBD-NE was orally administered to bile-fistulated rats, and the pharmacokinetic profiles of CBD were also evaluated. CBD concentrations in plasma were measured using LC-MS/MS. Results: The particle size of CBD-NE was 35.3 [+ or -] 11.8 nm. Mean [T.sub.max] of CBD-NE was shortened significantly by the factor of 3 (from 8.00 to 2.40 h, p < 0.001) and [AUC.sub.0-[infinity]]/dose increased by 65% (from 0.272 [+ or -] 0.045 to 0.448 [+ or -] 0.087 h L/kg) compared with CBD oil. [AUC.sub.0-[infinity]]/dose and [C.sub.max]/dose after oral administration of CBD oil were significantly reduced by the factor of 27 and 23 (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01), respectively, in bile-fistulated rats compared with the untreated rats. In contrast, all pharmacokinetic parameters after oral administration of CBD-NE were not significantly different between the untreated and bile-fistulated rats. Therefore, these results demonstrated that conventional CBD oil formulation but not CBD-NE requires bile-mediated micelle formation. Conclusions: The novel NE formulation developed in this study successfully improved the absorption of CBD regardless of bile secretion. The newly developed oral CBD-NE preparation could be useful to achieve a more stable and quicker onset of action by CBD. Keywords Cannabidiol * Nanoemulsion * Pharmacokinetics * Absorption, Introduction Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the major cannabinoid constituents of marihuana obtained from Cannabis sativa L. Although CBD has a similar chemical structure to that of tetrahydrocannabinol, it has [...]

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of death after renal transplantation. Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) exert potential cardio-protective metabolic effects and might reduce CV morbidity and mortality in renal transplant recipients (RTRs). SUBJECTS/METHODS: In this cross-sectional study of 1990 Norwegian RTRs, transplanted between 1999 and 2011, associations between plasma phospholipid marine n-3 PUFA levels and various CV risk markers at 10 weeks after transplant were evaluated. RESULTS: Higher plasma marine n-3 PUFA levels were associated with lower resting heart rate (rHR), lower fasting plasma glucose (fPG) levels, lower plasma triglyceride levels and higher plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. Plasma levels of eicosapentaenoic acid, but not docosahexaenoic acid, showed a positive association with plasma HDL cholesterol levels. Plasma marine n-3 PUFA levels were not associated with plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, pulse wave velocity or systolic and diastolic blood pressure. A negative association between plasma marine n-3 PUFA levels and CV mortality was weakened by additional adjustment for plasma triglyceride levels and rHR. The ratio of n-6 to n-3 PUFAs showed similar associations with CV risk markers as absolute plasma marine n-3 PUFA levels. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study in RTRs showing that marine n-3 PUFAs are negatively associated with rHR and fPG in addition to beneficial effects on plasma HDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Especially, effects on autonomic nervous function and triglyceride metabolism might contribute to explain the lower CV mortality risk with higher plasma marine n-3 PUFA levels previously shown in this cohort. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2016) 70, 824-830; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.14; published online 2 March 2016, INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of death after renal transplantation, (1) and the CV mortality rate is twice that of the general population. (2) Traditional CV risk [...]

IL-17-producing [CD4.sup.+] T cells (Th17 cells) have well-described pathogenic roles In tissue Inflammation and autoimmune diseases, such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE); however, the involvement of IL-21 in these processes has remained controversial. While IL-21 is an essential autocrine amplification factor for differentiation of Th17 cells, the loss of IL-21 or IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) does not protect mice from actively induced EAE. Here, we utilized a transgenic EAE mouse model, in which T and B cells overexpress receptors for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) (referred to as 2D2xTH mice), and demonstrated that IL-21 is critical for the development of a variant form of spontaneous EAE in these animals. Il21r deletion in 2D2xTH mice reduced the incidence and severity of spontaneous EAE, which was associated with a defect in Th17 cell generation. Moreover, IL-21R deficiency limited IL-23R expression on Th17 cells and inhibited expression of key molecules involved in the generation of pathogenic Th17 cells. Conversely, loss of IL-23R in 2D2xTH mice resulted in complete resistance to the development of spontaneous EAE. Our data identify a previously unappreciated role for IL-21 in EAE and reveal that IL-21-mediated signaling supports generation and stabilization of pathogenic Th17 cells and development of spontaneous autoimmunity., Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that is thought to be driven by pathogenic [CD4.sup.+] Th cells (1, 2). Experimental autoimmune [...]

Lipid mediators influence immunity in myriad ways. For example, circulating sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a key regulator of lymphocyte egress (1,2). Although the majority of plasma S1P is bound to apolipoprotein M (ApoM) in the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle (3), the immunological functions of the ApoMS1P complex are unknown. Here we show that ApoM-S1P is dispensable for lymphocyte trafficking yet restrains lymphopoiesis by activating the [S1P.sub.1] receptor on bone marrow lymphocyte progenitors. Mice that lacked ApoM ([Apom.sup.-/-]) had increased proliferation of [Lin.sup.-] Sca-[1.sup.+] [cKit.sup.+] haematopoietic progenitor cells (LSKs) and common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) in bone marrow. Pharmacological activation or genetic overexpression of [S1P.sub.1] suppressed LSK and CLP cell proliferation invivo. ApoM was stably associated with bone marrow CLPs, which showed active [S1P.sub.1] signalling in vivo (4). Moreover, ApoM-bound S1P, but not albumin-bound S1P, inhibited lymphopoiesis in vitro. Upon immune stimulation, [Apom.sup.-/-] mice developed more severe experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (5), characterized by increased lymphocytes in the central nervous system and breakdown of the blood-brain barrier. Thus, the ApoM-S1P-[S1P.sub.1] signalling axis restrains the lymphocyte compartment and, subsequently, adaptive immune responses. Unique biological functions imparted by specific S1P chaperones could be exploited for novel therapeutic opportunities., S1P, a bioactive lysophospholipid mediator, interacts with vertebrate-specific S1P receptors to regulate various physiological functions6. Most cells express one or more of the G-protein-coupled S1P receptors ([S1P.sub.1-5]), which mediate cellular [...]

Sexual violence and other forms of sexual assault and coercion have a pervasive presence in the lives of many young people. School and community services and programs that are geared [...]

We develop and estimate a model of market demand for a new pharmaceutical, whose quality is learned through prescriptions by forward-looking physicians. We use a panel of antiulcer prescriptions from Italian physicians between 1990 and 1992 and focus on a new molecule available since 1990. We solve the model by calculating physicians' optimal decision rules as functions of their beliefs about the new pharmaceutical. According to our counterfactuals, physicians' initial pessimism and uncertainty can have large, negative effects on their propensity to prescribe the new drug and on expected health outcomes. In contrast, subsidizing the new good can mitigate informational losses. (JEL I10, L10), I. INTRODUCTION An important aspect of economic innovation is the development of new products. Thus, firms often devote large amounts of resources to research and development. The pharmaceutical industry, in [...]

Chronic inflammation is associated with cachexia and increased mortality risk in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Inflammation suppresses appetite and causes the loss of protein stores. In CKD patients, increased serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines may be caused by reduced renal function, volume overload, oxidative or carbonyl stress, decreased levels of antioxidants, increased susceptibility to infection in uremia, and the presence of comorbid conditions. Cachexia is brought about by the synergistic combination of a dramatic decrease in appetite and an increase in the catabolism of fat and lean body mass. Pro-inflammatory cytokines act on the central nervous system to alter appetite and energy metabolism and to provide a signal--through the nuclear factor-κB and ATP-ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathways--that causes muscle wasting. Further research into the molecular pathways leading to inflammation and cachexia may lead to novel therapeutic therapies for this devastating and potentially fatal complication of chronic disease. Keywords Cachexia * Chronic kidney disease * Cytokines. End-stage renal failure * Inflammation * Melanocortin signaling * Muscle wasting * Neuropeptides, Introduction Inflammation and cachexia are prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and worsen as the CKD progresses toward end-stage renal disease (ESRD) [1, 2]. Inflammation is a physiological [...]

Abstract Due to the increased immune activation in the intestinal tract of people with celiac disease, the digestive and absorptive processes of those affected may be compromised. Individuals with celiac [...]

The United States Commercial Aviation Partnership (USCAP), a group of government and industry stakeholders, combined several operations research methods in an analytical process and model that encompasses the US commercial [...]

Abstract Signs of an activated immune system can be observed already in the early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Markers of a chronically activated immune system are closely linked [...]

Joan of Arc was an illiterate peasant girl, a mystic to whom Saints Margaret, Michael, and Catherine spoke directly, and a cross-dressing warrior whose mission, at the age of seventeen, [...]

This investigation of the reception in Nazi Germany of the work (and person) of Igor Stravinsky offers new insights into the issue of modern music in Hitler's Germany. As the most prominent modernist composer of the period, Stravinsky was the chief beneficiary of Germany's desire, after the xenophobic early Nazi years, to rejoin the European cultural community. Thanks to the determination of his supporters, and aided by the greater accessibility of his 1930s works, Stravinsky's music achieved a significant position in the musical life of the New Germany, which it maintained until the outbreak of war. Modern-minded critics articulated the ideological basis for his 'rehabilitation': although rooted in a foreign musical tradition, Stravinsky was an 'Aryan' composer with acceptable political views, whose tonally based music revealed suitably 'national' qualifies. Many foreign composers, including the antifascist Bela Bartok, shared Stravinsky's desire for German performances. Whether they allowed this to temper their modernist tendencies is difficult to determine. What is certain is that their tonally based music allowed many (racially and politically acceptable) foreign composers to find an audience in Nazi Germany. It also made feasible Germany's desire to reconnect with the larger musical world., Despite considerable research into musical life in Nazi Germany in recent years, it is still widely assumed that the vibrant new-music scene that characterized the latter years of the Weimar [...]

Aims: Impaired gastric accommodation is a major pathophysiological mechanism in functional dyspepsia. The aim of the present work was to assess a satiety drinking test in the evaluation of accommodation [...]