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1. Swords into Plowshares: Converting to a Peace Economy. Worldwatch Paper 96.

Author

Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC. and Renner, Michael

Abstract

Recent world developments have created an opportune time for nations to vigorously pursue a policy of converting the huge portion of their economies that traditionally have been devoted to military expenditures to more socially productive uses. This paper outlines a strategy for such a conversion, and discusses the issues that must be confronted in such a process. Specific aspects of conversion include: (1) misconceptions about lessening military spending; (2) building a conversion coalition; (3) the paths forged by China and the Soviet Union; (4) upheaval in Eastern Europe; and (5) grassroots initiatives in the West. It is concluded that the gathering pressure for disarmament suggests that conversion will be a topic gaining importance during the 1990's. A number of statistical tables, charts, and maps appear throughout this paper, and 127 endnotes are provided. (DB)

Published
1990

2. The Use of Debates as an Approach to Deliver the Course Entitled 'The Impact of US Policy on Integration Processes in Europe in the Post-Bipolar Era'

Author

Korniienko, Alina Yu

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to identify how the use of a debate-based course delivery approach merged with a flipped classroom model influenced the students' academic outcomes and motivation in relation to their intelligence type and how the sampled students perceived the course delivery approach and certain debate-related activities. Sampled students' academic performance records, an evaluation survey to obtain students' feedback on both the course delivery approach and the effectiveness of the activities like 'Think-Pair-Share', 'Write-Pair-Share', 'Illogical story-telling', 'Treasure Hunt', case-study, 'One Minute Paper', 'Attitude/motivation test battery' as intelligence type-based diagnostics of learners' motivation, and a focus-group semi-structured interview were used as the instruments. SPSS 10.0.5 computer statistical package was used to process data. The use of debates to deliver the instructional content to the tertiary students can be considered a three-vector approach capable to bring a positive change to learning motivation, cognitive (intellectual) activity, self-esteem (self-efficacy) of a student and the overall quality of the vocational training system of the historians and lawyers-to-be. This study boosts the methodology of vocational training of the students majoring in humanities like History/Law in terms of fostering the 21st century-competencies and it adds a different perspective to the theory on relation between the type of intelligence and skills. This approach fosters learner autonomy and positive perception of challenging educational activities. It was found that it was prerequisite for the success of the above approach that there was a well-trained debate moderator, and debate-procedure-aware and trained students. The further research is needed in purposeful introduction of NLP training into the above model and examination its impacts.

Published
2020

3. Green Revolutions: Environmental Reconstruction in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. Worldwatch Paper 99.

Author

Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC. and French, Hilary F.

Abstract

The focus of this paper is environmental issues facing Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union as they struggle with the momentous tasks of economic and political reform. Given the important role that environmental protest played in the upheavals, environmentalists have claimed a mandate for strong environmental controls. The state of the environment and its effects on the health of the inhabitants, plants, and animals are discussed. Chapters include: (1) "Industrial Wastelands"; (2) "The Health Toll"; (3) "Declining Biological Productivity"; (4) "The Green Movement"; (5) "The Official Response"; and (6) "A Policy Agenda." (KR)

Published
1990

4. END 2015: International Conference on Education and New Developments. Conference Proceedings (Porto, Portugal, June 27-29, 2015)

Author

World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (WIARS) (Portugal) and Carmo, Mafalda

Abstract

We are delighted to welcome you to the International Conference on Education and New Developments 2015-END 2015, taking place in Porto, Portugal, from 27 to 29 of June. Education, in our contemporary world, is a right since we are born. Every experience has a formative effect on the constitution of the human being, in the way one thinks, feels and acts. One of the most important contributions resides in what and how we learn through the improvement of educational processes, both in formal and informal settings. Our International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the processes, actions, challenges and outcomes of learning, teaching and human development. Our goal is to offer a worldwide connection between teachers, students, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues. We take pride in having been able to connect and bring together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. We counted on an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement our view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons we have many nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development. END 2015 received 528 submissions, from 63 different countries, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form as Oral Presentations, Posters, Virtual Presentations and Workshops. It was accepted for presentation in the conference, 176 submissions (33% acceptance rate). The conference also includes a keynote presentation from an internationally distinguished researcher, Professor Dr. Martin Braund, Adjunct Professor at Cape Peninsula University of Technology in Cape Town, South Africa and Honorary Fellow in the Department of Education at the University of York, UK, to whom we express our most gratitude. This volume is composed by the proceedings of the International Conference on Education and New Developments (END 2015), organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.) and had the help of our respected media partners that we reference in the dedicated page. This conference addressed different categories inside the Education area and papers are expected to fit broadly into one of the named themes and sub-themes. To develop the conference program we have chosen four main broad-ranging categories, which also cover different interest areas: (1) In TEACHERS AND STUDENTS: Teachers and Staff training and education; Educational quality and standards; Curriculum and Pedagogy; Vocational education and Counseling; Ubiquitous and lifelong learning; Training programs and professional guidance; Teaching and learning relationship; Student affairs (learning, experiences and diversity); Extra-curricular activities; Assessment and measurements in Education. (2) In PROJECTS AND TRENDS: Pedagogic innovations; Challenges and transformations in Education; Technology in teaching and learning; Distance Education and eLearning; Global and sustainable developments for Education; New learning and teaching models; Multicultural and (inter)cultural communications; Inclusive and Special Education; Rural and indigenous Education; Educational projects. (3) In TEACHING AND LEARNING: Educational foundations; Research and development methodologies; Early childhood and Primary Education; Secondary Education; Higher Education; Science and technology Education; Literacy, languages and Linguistics (TESL/TEFL); Health Education; Religious Education; Sports Education. (4) In ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES: Educational policy and leadership; Human Resources development; Educational environment; Business, Administration, and Management in Education; Economics in Education; Institutional accreditations and rankings; International Education and Exchange programs; Equity, social justice and social change; Ethics and values; Organizational learning and change. The proceedings contain the results of the research and developments conducted by authors who focused on what they are passionate about: to promote growth in research methods intimately related to teaching, learning and applications in Education nowadays. It includes an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, who will extend our view in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues, by sharing with us their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. (Individual papers contain references.)

Published
2015

5. An Anatomy of Authority: The Bologna and ASEM Education Secretariats as Policy Actors and Region Builders

Author

Dang, Que Anh

Abstract

This paper examines the sources of authority behind the Bologna and ASEM secretariats' technocratic appearance and administrative routines, and argues that they are transnational policy actors in their own right. By drawing on principal-agent theory and the concept of "authority," it offers an alternative framework for understanding the various forms of authority. The case studies generate three important insights. First, it shows how the secretariats derive their authority from the "tasks delegated by states," the "moral values" and social purpose they uphold, and the "expertise" they possess. Second, it compares how the different governance structures of the Bologna and ASEM education processes impact on the secretariats' authority. Third, it highlights how the secretariats exercise their respective authorities and exert their discernible influence at different stages of higher education policy-making and region-building processes. [The paper was presented at the European Consortium for Political Research (ECPR) conference in Prague.]

Published
2018
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6. International Cooperation for a Single World Production Standard of High Definition Television.

Author

Hongcharu, Boonchai

Abstract

Broadcasters, television engineers and the production industry have encountered many problems with diverse television standards since the introduction of color television. With the advent of high definition television (HDTV), the chance to have a common production standard for international exchange of programs and technical information has returned once again. However, this seems to be impossible with HDTV developers in Japan, Europe, and the United States supporting different production standards. International cooperation would be a means of reaching a single world production standard for HDTV. Such cooperation would reduce the high costs of reinventing the systems and would unite many-sided experts and resources to search for the best standard. The payoff of this cooperation would benefit all parties as they could share a larger market and eliminate the costs of converting from one system to another. Licensing agreements, worldwide investment, research and development, and the formation of consortia are examples of cooperative activities that would lead to this end. (16 references) (DB)

Published
1990

7. Curriculum Development for Political Education in the Netherlands.

Author

National Inst. for Curriculum Development (SLO), Enschede (Netherlands). and Hooghoff, Hans

Abstract

This paper describes social and political education in the Netherlands ("maatschappijleer") since the introduction of the subject in 1968. Points discussed include historical developments, the national curriculum project for "maatschappijleer," goals and content, government educational policy, and the position of East-West relations in the curriculum. Political decisions recently taken in the Netherlands are crucial to the future development of the content and structure of education. This also is true for political education. In other European countries such as England and Scotland, there is a tendency in educational policy towards core curricula, national criteria, grade related criteria, and nationwide tests. This paper concludes with thoughts on the position and significance of East-West relations in the curriculum and suggestions for more international cooperation and coordination. (Author)

Published
1987

8. The Study of Geography in an Interdependent World.

Author

Saueressig-Schreuder, Yda

Abstract

The importance of restructuring the discipline of geography and enhancing its role in the precollege curriculum as part of a global approach to education is emphasized in this paper. International education is seen as an essential part of high school and college education in an increasingly interdependent world. The oil crisis, the world economic recession, and the Iranian hostage crisis have made the U.S. public aware of the complex world situation and have increased the need to understand the complexities of global interdependence. A revitalization of regional geography or area studies with a global emphasis and a problems approach is suggested. In order to show how geography developed as a discipline and illustrate its placement in the curriculum of the United States and Europe, its history is traced from the eighteenth century to the present. Traditionally, geography has held a higher status in the curriculum in Europe than in the United States. By the time a global perspective was introduced into the United States curriculum, theoretical goegraphy prevailed at the university level, and geography was never introduced as a required and integral part of high school education as it was in Europe. (SM)

Published
1983

9. Why Is It So Difficult? Misconceptions about Eastern European Education in Transition.

Author

Sandi, Ana Maria

Abstract

Examines misconceptions in both Western and Eastern countries about educational systems in postcommunist Eastern Europe. Discusses issues of slow pace of educational reform, change through formal power structures, centralization versus decentralization, role of tradition, macro- and micro-level problems, Western assistance, and the relationship between education and society. (PAA)

Published
1992

10. Feedbacks between Exchange-Rate Movements and Domestic Inflation: Vicious and Not So Virtuous Cycles, Old and New.

Author

Spaventa, Luigi

Abstract

Theories and models dealing with the vicious cycle between exchange rates and domestic inflation and the way in which this relationship has influenced the economic policies of European nations are reviewed. Attempts of European nations to avoid the cycle of depreciation and inflation are covered. New theories may be necessary. (IS)

Published
1983

11. The Democratic Revolution. Proceedings of a Conference (Washington, D.C., May 1-2, 1989).

Author

National Endowment for Democracy, Washington, DC. and National Endowment for Democracy, Washington, DC.

Abstract

Divided into seven sections, the presentations contained in these proceedings give an international perspective on the growth of democracy in the world, and the many obstacles that might inhibit it. The first section, on Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union contains papers from four East Block scholars who discuss the rise of democracy in communist Europe. The section on Africa includes papers by four African panelists who discuss the development of democracy in light of the continent's historical, geographical, cultural, social, and political background. The "Luncheon Session" section has four presentations on democracy and human rights, focusing on Central American and Caribbean countries. The section on Latin America and the Caribbean includes papers by four panelists who discuss democracy against the backdrop of the region's economics, politics, social change, and serious problems such as drug trafficking, which influence and are influenced by democractic reform. The section on Asia contains four papers that discuss democratic development in China, India, the Philippines, and Turkey. A section headed "Senatorial Remarks" contains brief addresses by U.S. Senators John McCain and Lloyd Bentsen, in which they comment on the conference and democratic changes in the world. The final section contains four addresses presented at the "Idea of Democracy" panel. Final sections report on the conference's State Department reception, the award luncheon, and the president's meeting with awardees. A list of conference participants other than those whose names approved as speakers is given at the conclusion of the book. (AS)

Published
1989

12. Current Issues. 1983/84 Edition.

Author

Close Up Foundation, Arlington, VA. and James, Bruce

Abstract

Written for students participating in the Close Up government studies program, a week-long field experience in Washington, D.C., the readings in this booklet may be incorporated into social studies units on government, political science, or current events. Following an introduction to members of the Reagan Administration and the Supreme Court and to the key issues of the 98th Congress and the 1983 budget, the booklet is divided into 2 sections. Section 1, focusing on domestic policy issues, includes readings on the economy, environment, education, social welfare, civil rights, energy, urban problems, crime, transportation, agriculture, and immigration. Readings in section 2, foreign policy issues, cover the Soviet Union, defense, nuclear proliferation, international trade, world poverty and U.S. foreign aid, Western Europe, Central America and the Caribbean, China, the Arab-Israeli conflict, South Africa, and Namibia. Each reading selection includes the following components: an introduction to the issue; a list of key questions to focus reading; background, current issues, and future outlook on the issue; and a brief debate on the pros and cons of one key question raised in the reading. (LP)

Published
1983

13. Socio-cultural Animation.

Abstract

The document consists of papers written by government and educational leaders in nations belonging to the Council of Europe on the theme of sociocultural community development. Sociocultural community development, also called sociocultural animation, is interpreted to include policies which make literature, visual arts, and performing arts available to all people as well as promotion of creativity at grass roots levels. The document is presented in five chapters. Chapter I defines sociocultural community development and reviews concerns explored by various culturally-oriented international conferences in Europe from 1970-77. Chapter II provides an overview of sociocultural community development. Topics discussed include guidelines for cultural policies, the relationship of community development to formal education, and adaptation of community development programs to specific types of housing areas. Chapter III discusses training and status of individuals involved in sociocultural community development. Chapter IV presents a catalog of 200 community development projects in nations belonging to the Council of Europe. The final chapter offers observations on the future of sociocultural development in Europe. (DB)

Published
1978