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We obtain the existence of nontrivial homoclinic orbits for nonautonomous second order Hamiltonian systems by using critical point theory under some different superlinear conditions from those previously used in Hamiltonian systems. In particular, an example is given to illustrate our result.

In this paper, the existence of periodic solutions to the second order Hamiltonian systems is investigated. By introducing a new growth condition which generalizes the Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition, we prove a existence result of nontrivial $T$-periodic solution via the variational methods. Our result is new because it can deal with not only the superquadratic case, but also the anisotropic case which allows the potential to be superquadratic growth in only one direction and asymptotically quadratic growth in other directions.

In this paper we consider a class of second order Hamiltonian system with the nonlinearity of linear growth. Compared with the existing results, we do not assume an asymptotic of the nonlinearity at infinity to exist. Moreover, we allow the system to be resonant at zero. Under some general conditions, we will establish the existence and multiplicity of nontrivial periodic solutions by using the Morse theory and two critical point theorems.

This paper investigates solutions for subquadratic convex or $B$-concave operator equations. First, some existence results are obtained by the index theory and the critical point theory. Then, some applications to second order Hamiltonian systems satisfying generalized periodic boundary value conditions and Sturm–Liouville boundary value conditions are pointed out. In particular, some well known theorems about periodic solutions for second order Hamiltonian systems are special cases of these results.

We look for homoclinic solutions \(q:\mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^N\) to the class of second order Hamiltonian systems \[-\ddot{q} + L(t)q = a(t) \nabla G_1(q) - b(t) \nabla G_2(q) + f(t) \quad t \in \mathbb{R}\] where \(L: \mathbb{R}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^{N \times N}\) and \(a,b: \mathbb{R}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) are positive bounded functions, \(G_1, G_2: \mathbb{R}^N \rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) are positive homogeneous functions and \(f:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}^N\). Using variational techniques and the Pohozaev fibering method, we prove the existence of infinitely many solutions if \(f\equiv 0\) and the existence of at least three solutions if \(f\) is not trivial but small enough.

The existence and the multiplicity of periodic solutions for a parameter dependent second order Hamiltonian system are established via linking theorems. A monotonicity trick is adopted in order to prove the existence of an open interval of parameters for which the problem under consideration admits at least two non trivial qualified solutions.

In this paper, we investigate the existence of periodic solutions for the second order systems at resonance: \begin{equation} \begin{cases} \ddot u(t)+m^2\omega^2u(t)+\nabla F(t,u(t))=0\qquad \mbox{a.e. }t\in [0,T],\\ u(0)-u(T)=\dot u(0)-\dot u(T)=0, \end{cases} \end{equation} where $m>0$, the potential $F(t,x)$ is convex in $x$ and satisfies some general subquadratic conditions. The main results generalize and improve Theorem 3.7 in J. Mawhin and M. Willem [Critical point theory and Hamiltonian systems, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1989].

In this paper we present some recent multiplicity results for a class of second order Hamiltonian systems. Exploiting the variational structure of the problem, it will be shown how the existence of multiple, even infinitely many, periodic solutions can be assured.

Multiplicity results for an eigenvalue second-order Hamiltonian system are investigated. Using suitable critical points arguments, the existence of an exactly determined open interval of positive eigenvalues for which the system admits at least three distinct periodic solutions is established. Moreover, when the energy functional related to the Hamiltonian system is not coercive, an existence result of two distinct periodic solutions is given.