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Korea already entered the aging society (August 2017), in which 14% of the population is 65 years or older, and it is expected to enter as a super-aged society, in which 20% of the population is elderly at the world’s fastest rate by 2025. This means that a health management plan is needed to effectively manage the health of the elderly in preparation for the upcoming super-aging society. Therefore, this study analyzed the effects of exercise on serum osteocalcin, bone ALP, and estradiol, which are representative indicators of bone formation after six months of complex exercise, and confirmed the usefulness of exercise programs and biochemical indicators for the elderly in late years to provide basic data for the prevention of osteoporosis. The subjects of this study were the elderly in late years (exercise group = 14, control group = 15), those 75 years or older in Korea, who performed complex exercises twice a week for six months. As a result of analyzing the effect of exercise performance on osteocalcin in the elderly in late years for six months in this study, no significant difference was found. However, osteocalcin decreased by 7.7% in the control group and increased by 18.66% in the exercise group, while ALP increased by 18.92% in the control group and significantly increased by 69.81% in the exercise group. As a result of analyzing the effect on estradiol, there was no significant difference, but it decreased by 55.09% in the control group and decreased by 1.85% in the exercise group. Based on the results showing that exercise clearly plays a positive role in improving bone density even for middle- and late-aged elderly people, in the future, the exercise will be useful to maintain and improve health related to the skeleton of the elderly through the combined participation of aerobic, resistance, and balance exercises. In addition, it is necessary to conduct repeated studies targeting the elderly of various age groups to evaluate the effects of exercise according to period and gender.

ObjectiveTo investigate the patterns of estradiol-oocyte ratio (EOR) and estradiol-mature oocyte ratio (EMOR) in patients with breast cancer undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) using letrozole and gonadotropins for fertility preservation.MethodsThis retrospective study included 32 breast cancer patients underwent COS for fertility preservation and no patients had previously undergone gonadotoxic treatments. Basal characteristics and in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes were compared according to the age of women (age

Quantification of cellular nanoparticles (NPs) is one of the most important steps in studying NP–cell interactions. Here, a simple method for the estimation of cell-associated silver (Ag) NPs in lung cancer cells (A549) is proposed based on their side scattering (SSC) intensities measured by flow cytometry (FCM). To estimate cellular Ag NPs associated with A549 cells over a broad range of experimental conditions, we measured the normalized SSC intensities (nSSC) of A549 cells treated with Ag NPs with five different core sizes (i.e., 40–200 nm, positively charged) under various exposure conditions that reflect different situations of agglomeration, diffusion, and sedimentation in cell culture media, such as upright and inverted configurations with different media heights. Then, we correlated these nSSC values with the numbers of cellular Ag NPs determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) as a well-established cross-validation method. The different core sizes of Ag NPs and the various exposure conditions tested in this study confirmed that the FCM-SSC intensities are highly correlated with their core sizes as well as the amount of cellular Ag NPs over a linear range up to ~80,000 Ag NPs/cell and ~23 nSSC, which is significantly broader than those of previous studies.