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482 results on '"Wiedemann, P."'

1. Radiation-induced morphea of the breast – characterization and treatment of fibroblast dysfunction with repurposed mesalazine

Author

Stephan R. Künzel, Erik Klapproth, Nick Zimmermann, Susanne Kämmerer, Mario Schubert, Karolina Künzel, Maximilian Hoffmann, Stephan Drukewitz, Anne Vehlow, Jiri Eitler, Marieke Arriens, Jessica Thiel, Romy Kronstein-Wiedemann, Maximiliane Tietze, Stefan Beissert, Bertold Renner, Ali El-Armouche, and Claudia Günther

Subjects
Fibrosis, Morphea, Drug repurposing, Breast cancer, Mesalazine, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Radiation-induced morphea (RIM) is a rare complication of radiotherapy presenting as inflammatory fibrosis, most commonly reported in breast cancer patients. As underlying disease mechanisms are not well understood, targeted therapies are lacking. Since fibroblasts are the key mediators of all fibroproliferative diseases, this study aimed to characterize patient-derived fibroblasts to identify therapeutic targets. We studied primary human control and RIM-fibroblasts on a functional and molecular basis, analyzed peripheral blood and tissue samples and conducted, based on our findings, a treatment attempt in one patient. In RIM, we identified a distinct myofibroblast phenotype reflected by increased alpha-smooth-muscle-actin (αSMA) expression, reduced proliferation and migration rates, and overexpression of osteopontin (OPN). Our RNA sequencing identified aberrant Myc activation as a potential disease driver in RIM fibroblasts, similar to previous findings in systemic sclerosis. Treatment with the anti-inflammatory drug mesalazine reversed the myofibroblast phenotype by targeting Myc. Based on these findings, a patient with RIM was successfully treated with mesalazine, resulting in reduced inflammation and pain and tissue softening, while serum OPN was halved. The present study provides a comprehensive characterization of RIM fibroblasts, suggests a disease-driving role for Myc, demonstrates promising antifibrotic effects of mesalazine and proposes OPN as a biomarker for RIM.

Published
2024
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2. Biogenesis of mitochondrial β‐barrel membrane proteins

Author

Iniyan Ganesan, Jon V. Busto, Nikolaus Pfanner, and Nils Wiedemann

Subjects
Mco6, Mdm10, mitochondria, outer membrane, SAM, Sam35, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

β‐barrel membrane proteins in the mitochondrial outer membrane are crucial for mediating the metabolite exchange between the cytosol and the mitochondrial intermembrane space. In addition, the β‐barrel membrane protein subunit Tom40 of the translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) is essential for the import of the vast majority of mitochondrial proteins encoded in the nucleus. The sorting and assembly machinery (SAM) in the outer membrane is required for the membrane insertion of mitochondrial β‐barrel proteins. The core subunit Sam50, which has been conserved from bacteria to humans, is itself a β‐barrel protein. The β‐strands of β‐barrel precursor proteins are assembled at the Sam50 lateral gate forming a Sam50‐preprotein hybrid barrel. The assembled precursor β‐barrel is finally released into the outer mitochondrial membrane by displacement of the nascent β‐barrel, termed the β‐barrel switching mechanism. SAM forms supercomplexes with TOM and forms a mitochondrial outer‐to‐inner membrane contact site with the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) of the inner membrane. SAM shares subunits with the ER‐mitochondria encounter structure (ERMES), which forms a membrane contact site between the mitochondrial outer membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum. Therefore, β‐barrel membrane protein biogenesis is closely connected to general mitochondrial protein and lipid biogenesis and plays a central role in mitochondrial maintenance.

Published
2024
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3. A deep learning method for simultaneous denoising and missing wedge reconstruction in cryogenic electron tomography

Author

Simon Wiedemann and Reinhard Heckel

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Cryogenic electron tomography is a technique for imaging biological samples in 3D. A microscope collects a series of 2D projections of the sample, and the goal is to reconstruct the 3D density of the sample called the tomogram. Reconstruction is difficult as the 2D projections are noisy and can not be recorded from all directions, resulting in a missing wedge of information. Tomograms conventionally reconstructed with filtered back-projection suffer from noise and strong artefacts due to the missing wedge. Here, we propose a deep-learning approach for simultaneous denoising and missing wedge reconstruction called DeepDeWedge. The algorithm requires no ground truth data and is based on fitting a neural network to the 2D projections using a self-supervised loss. DeepDeWedge is simpler than current state-of-the-art approaches for denoising and missing wedge reconstruction, performs competitively and produces more denoised tomograms with higher overall contrast.

Published
2024
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4. Long-term cellular immunity of vaccines for Zaire Ebola Virus Diseases

Author

Aurélie Wiedemann, Edouard Lhomme, Mélanie Huchon, Emile Foucat, Marion Bérerd-Camara, Lydia Guillaumat, Marcel Yaradouno, Jacqueline Tambalou, Cécile Rodrigues, Alexandre Ribeiro, Abdoul Habib Béavogui, Christine Lacabaratz, Rodolphe Thiébaut, Laura Richert, Yves Lévy, and the Prevac study team

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Recent Ebola outbreaks underscore the importance of continuous prevention and disease control efforts. Authorized vaccines include Merck’s Ervebo (rVSV-ZEBOV) and Johnson & Johnson’s two-dose combination (Ad26.ZEBOV/MVA-BN-Filo). Here, in a five-year follow-up of the PREVAC randomized trial (NCT02876328), we report the results of the immunology ancillary study of the trial. The primary endpoint is to evaluate long-term memory T-cell responses induced by three vaccine regimens: Ad26–MVA, rVSV, and rVSV–booster. Polyfunctional EBOV-specific CD4+ T-cell responses increase after Ad26 priming and are further boosted by MVA, whereas minimal responses are observed in the rVSV groups, declining after one year. In-vitro expansion for eight days show sustained EBOV-specific T-cell responses for up to 60 months post-prime vaccination with both Ad26-MVA and rVSV, with no decline. Cytokine production analysis identify shared biomarkers between the Ad26-MVA and rVSV groups. In secondary endpoint, we observed an elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines at Day 7 in the rVSV group. Finally, we establish a correlation between EBOV-specific T-cell responses and anti-EBOV IgG responses. Our findings can guide booster vaccination recommendations and help identify populations likely to benefit from revaccination.

Published
2024
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6. Intestinal organoids to model Salmonella infection and its impact on progenitors

Author

Jin Yan, Claire Racaud-Sultan, Tiffany Pezier, Anissa Edir, Corinne Rolland, Coralie Claverie, Julien Burlaud-Gaillard, Michel Olivier, Philippe Velge, Sonia Lacroix-Lamandé, Nathalie Vergnolle, and Agnès Wiedemann

Subjects
Salmonella, Caecum, Stem cell, Progenitor, Organoid, EGFR, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract In order to survive and replicate, Salmonella has evolved mechanisms to gain access to intestinal epithelial cells of the crypt. However, the impact of Salmonella Typhimurium on stem cells and progenitors, which are responsible for the ability of the intestinal epithelium to renew and protect itself, remains unclear. Given that intestinal organoids growth is sustained by stem cells and progenitors activity, we have used this model to document the effects of Salmonella Typhimurium infection on epithelial proliferation and differentiation, and compared it to an in vivo model of Salmonella infection in mice. Among gut segments, the caecum was preferentially targeted by Salmonella. Analysis of infected crypts and organoids demonstrated increased length and size, respectively. mRNA transcription profiles of infected crypts and organoids pointed to upregulated EGFR-dependent signals, associated with a decrease in secretory cell lineage differentiation. To conclude, we show that organoids are suited to mimic the impact of Salmonella on stem cells and progenitors cells, carrying a great potential to drastically reduce the use of animals for scientific studies on that topic. In both models, the EGFR pathway, crucial to stem cells and progenitors proliferation and differentiation, is dysregulated by Salmonella, suggesting that repeated infections might have consequences on crypt integrity and further oncogenesis.

Published
2024
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7. Mapping the scientific output of organoids for animal and human modeling infectious diseases: a bibliometric assessment

Author

Jin Yan, Jean Monlong, Céline Cougoule, Sonia Lacroix-Lamandé, and Agnès Wiedemann

Subjects
Organoid, pathogen, infection, Zika virus, SARS-CoV-2, bibliometric, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Abstract The escalation of antibiotic resistance, pandemics, and nosocomial infections underscores the importance of research in both animal and human infectious diseases. Recent advancements in three-dimensional tissue cultures, or “organoids”, have revolutionized the development of in vitro models for infectious diseases. Our study conducts a bibliometric analysis on the use of organoids in modeling infectious diseases, offering an in-depth overview of this field’s current landscape. We examined scientific contributions from 2009 onward that focused on organoids in host‒pathogen interactions using the Web of Science Core Collection and OpenAlex database. Our analysis included temporal trends, reference aging, author, and institutional productivity, collaborative networks, citation metrics, keyword cluster dynamics, and disruptiveness of organoid models. VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Python facilitated this analytical assessment. The findings reveal significant growth and advancements in organoid-based infectious disease research. Analysis of keywords and impactful publications identified three distinct developmental phases in this area that were significantly influenced by outbreaks of Zika and SARS-CoV-2 viruses. The research also highlights the synergistic efforts between academia and publishers in tackling global pandemic challenges. Through mostly consolidating research efforts, organoids are proving to be a promising tool in infectious disease research for both human and animal infectious disease. Their integration into the field necessitates methodological refinements for better physiological emulation and the establishment of extensive organoid biobanks. These improvements are crucial for fully harnessing the potential of organoids in understanding infectious diseases and advancing the development of targeted treatments and vaccines.

Published
2024
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8. Phenotyping grapevine resistance to downy mildew: deep learning as a promising tool to assess sporulation and necrosis

Author

Felicià Maviane Macia, Tyrone Possamai, Marie-Annick Dorne, Marie-Céline Lacombe, Eric Duchêne, Didier Merdinoglu, Nemo Peeters, David Rousseau, and Sabine Wiedemann-Merdinoglu

Subjects
Deep learning, Vitis, Plasmopara viticola, Grapevine resistance, High throughput phenotyping, OIV 452 descriptor, Plant culture, SB1-1110, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Abstract Background Downy mildew is a plant disease that affects all cultivated European grapevine varieties. The disease is caused by the oomycete Plasmopara viticola. The current strategy to control this threat relies on repeated applications of fungicides. The most eco-friendly and sustainable alternative solution would be to use bred-resistant varieties. During breeding programs, some wild Vitis species have been used as resistance sources to introduce resistance loci in Vitis vinifera varieties. To ensure the durability of resistance, resistant varieties are built on combinations of these loci, some of which are unfortunately already overcome by virulent pathogen strains. The development of a high-throughput machine learning phenotyping method is now essential for identifying new resistance loci. Results Images of grapevine leaf discs infected with P. viticola were annotated with OIV 452–1 values, a standard scale, traditionally used by experts to assess resistance visually. This descriptor takes two variables into account the complete phenotype of the symptom: sporulation and necrosis. This annotated dataset was used to train neural networks. Various encoders were used to incorporate prior knowledge of the scale’s ordinality. The best results were obtained with the Swin transformer encoder which achieved an accuracy of 81.7%. Finally, from a biological point of view, the model described the studied trait and identified differences between genotypes in agreement with human observers, with an accuracy of 97% but at a high-throughput 650% faster than that of humans. Conclusion This work provides a fast, full pipeline for image processing, including machine learning, to describe the symptoms of grapevine leaf discs infected with P. viticola using the OIV 452–1, a two-symptom standard scale that considers sporulation and necrosis. If symptoms are frequently assessed by visual observation, which is time-consuming, low-throughput, tedious, and expert dependent, the method developed sweeps away all these constraints. This method could be extended to other pathosystems studied on leaf discs where disease symptoms are scored with ordinal scales.

Published
2024
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9. Long Covid: a global health issue – a prospective, cohort study set in four continents

Author

Synne Jenum, Renaud Tamisier, Clark D Russell, Piero Valentini, Sylvain Diamantis, Dominique Deplanque, Agnes Meybeck, Maxime Hentzien, Clotilde Allavena, André Cabié, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Patrick Rossignol, Lionel Piroth, Mathieu Blot, Marie-Pierre Debray, François Angoulvant, Marc Leone, Ewen M Harrison, Maria Zambon, Michael Edelstein, Florentia Kaguelidou, Marc Lambert, Olivier Lairez, Tom Solomon, Carrol Gamble, Laura Marsh, Christiana Kartsonaki, Natalie Wright, Srinivas Murthy, Gail Carson, Jake Dunning, Laura Merson, Peter Horby, Timothy M Uyeki, Guillermo Maestro de la Calle, Stephen R Knight, Marlene Murris, Aurore Bousquet, Kenneth A McLean, Hugues Cordel, Marc Fabre, Laurence Bouillet, Xavier Duval, Christian Rabaud, Paul Klenerman, Jean-Christophe Lucet, Jean-François Timsit, Jennifer Lee, Nicolas Terzi, Saad Nseir, Gwenhaël Colin, Steve Webb, Kalynn Kennon, Diana Hernández, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Jean-François Payen, Samreen Ijaz, Meera Chand, Catherine A Shaw, Cameron J Fairfield, Bruno Levy, Eric D'ortenzio, Pierre Delobel, Tiphaine Goulenok, Bronner P Gonçalves, Arnaud Scherpereel, Danilo Buonsenso, Mark G Pritchard, Susanne Dudman, Adrien Auvet, Debby Bogaert, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Merce Jourdain, Sue Smith, Jia Wei, Antoine Khalil, Clément Le Bihan, Nathalie Pansu, Vincent Le Moing, Victor Fomin, Christophe Fraser, Daniel Munblit, William Greenhalf, François-Xavier Lescure, Nicolas Carlier, Saye Khoo, Annemarie B Docherty, Christopher A Green, Riinu Pius, Louise Sigfrid, Sophie Halpin, Clare Jackson, Antonia Ho, Malcolm G Semple, Andrew Dagens, Carlo Palmieri, Zeno Bisoffi, Thomas Flament, Julie Mankikian, Romain Basmaci, Peter Openshaw, Tom Fletcher, Adrien Lemaignen, Pierre Tattevin, Christelle Delmas, Hélène Espérou, Claire Lévy-Marchal, Olivier Picone, Jeanne Sibiude, Cecile Yelnik, Michelle Girvan, Piero L Olliaro, Beatrice Alex, Benjamin Bach, Wendy S Barclay, Graham S Cooke, Ana da Silva Filipe, Alexander J Mentzer, Alison M Meynert, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Shona C Moore, Massimo Palmarini, William A Paxton, Georgios Pollakis, David L Robertson, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Janet T Scott, Shiranee Sriskandan, David Stuart, Charlotte Summers, Emma C Thomson, Ryan S Thwaites, Lance C W Turtle, Hayley Hardwick, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Fiona Griffiths, Jo Dalton, Egle Saviciute, Stephanie Roberts, Janet Harrison, Marie Connor, Gary Leeming, Ross Hendry, Victoria Shaw, Jade Ghosn, Nicolas Benech, Odile Launay, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Minh Le, Nicola Latronico, Mylène Maillet, Didier Laureillard, Claire Hastie, Nicholas Sedillot, Anne-Sophie Boureau, Laurent Abel, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Valérie Garrait, Isabelle Delacroix, Andrea Cortegiani, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Raphaël Borie, Kévin Bouiller, Vincent Langlois, Mélanie Roriz, Vincent Dubée, Jan Cato Holter, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Luis Felipe Reyes, Stéphanie Fry, Laurent Plantier, Denis Malvy, François Dubos, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Paola Rodari, Cécile Tromeur, Paul Loubet, Marina Esposito-Farèse, France Mentré, Valérie Gaborieau, Cécile Goujard, Vincent Thibault, Adam Ali, Sadie Kelly, Fernando A Bozza, Bertrand Dussol, Marion Schneider, Marielle Buisson, Yves Levy, Carine Roy, Walter Picard, Olivier Sanchez, Antoine Kimmoun, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Julien Poissy, Lila Bouadma, Bruno Lina, Maude Bouscambert, Alexandre Gaymard, Gilles Peytavin, Jeremie Guedj, Claire Andrejak, Cedric Laouenan, Anissa Chair, Samira Laribi, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Alpha Diallo, Sarah Tubiana, Patrick Imbert, Emmanuelle Mercier, Waasila Jassat, Arsene Kpangon, Dominique Luton, Sophie Mahy, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, Sarah Moore, Raphael Favory, Andrea Angheben, Andrea Rossanese, Matthew Hall, Johann Auchabie, Christophe Rapp, Vincent Peigne, Fredrik Müller, Christl A Donnelly, François Goehringer, Elodie Curlier, Catherine Chirouze, Vegard Skogen, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Laurent Bitker, Hodane Yonis, Laurent Mandelbrot, Jérémie Pasquier, Bato Hammarström, Thushan de Silva, Polina Bugaeva, Julie Chas, Dario Sinatti, Arne Søraas, Murray Wham, Sara Clohisey, Seán Keating, Thibault Chiarabini, Agnes Sommet, Hugues Aumaître, Charlotte Charpentier, Sylvie LeGac, Sarah E McDonald, Jeanne Truong, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Mariachiara Ippolito, Diane Descamps, Sérgio Gaião, Stéphane Lasry, Amanda Rojek, Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, Sebastien Preau, Benoit Thill, Karine Faure, Denis Garot, Grégory Corvaisier, Elsa Nyamankolly, Merete Ellingjord-Dale, Eva Geraud, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Kévin Alexandre, Nathalie Allou, Séverine Ansart, Laurène Azemar, Cecile Azoulay, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Valeria Balan, Marie Bartoli, Joaquín Baruch, Jules Bauer, Alexandra Bedossa, Husna Begum, Marine Beluze, Delphine Bergeaud, Giulia Bertoli, Simon Bessis, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Krishna Bhavsar, Laetitia Bodenes, Isabela Bolaños, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Camile Bouisse, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Axelle Braconnier, Ingrid G Bustos, Denis Butnaru, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Valentine Campana, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Thierry Carmoi, Marie-Christine Carret, Maire-Laure Casanova, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, François-Xavier Catherine, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Catherine Chakveatze, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Antoine Cheret, Bernard Cholley, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Alexa Debard, Nathalie DeCastro, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Karen Delavigne, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Mathilde Desvallées, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Félix Djossou, Céline Dorival, Nathalie Dournon, Murray Dryden, Alexandre Ducancelle, Paul Dunand, Brigitte Elharrar, Philippine Eloy, Isabelle Enderle, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Manuel Etienne, Isabelle Fabre, François-Xavier Ferrand, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Nicolas Ferriere, Céline Ficko, Erwan Fourn, Rostane Gaci, Jean-Charles Gagnard, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Tristan Gigante, Guillermo Giordano, Valérie Gissot, Petr Glybochko, Marie Gominet, Isabelle Gorenne, Laure Goubert, Pascal Granier, Segolène Greffe, Martin Guego, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Thomas Guimard, Ali Hachemi, Nadir Hadri, Rebecca Hamidfar, Lars Heggelund, Rupert Higgins, Hikombo Hitoto, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Ikram Houas, Margaux Isnard, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Julien Jabot, Florence Jego, Cédric Joseph, Ouifiya Kafif, Sabina Kali, Younes Kerroumi, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Antonio Lalueza, Marie Langelot-Richard, Delphine Lariviere, Andy Law, Laurent Lefebvre, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefèvre, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Quentin Lepiller, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Geoffrey Liegeon, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Marine Livrozet, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Liem Luong, Moïse Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Rafael Mahieu, Thomas Maitre, Victoria Manda, Aldric Manuel, Samuel Markowicz, Martin Martinot, Mathieu Mattei, Laurence Maulin, Thierry Mazzoni, Cécile Mear-Passard, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Vanina Meysonnier, Mehdi Mezidi, Isabelle Michelet, Lucia Moro, Julien Moyet, Jimmy Mullaert, Nadège Neant, Nikita Nekliudov, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Nadia Ouamara, Rachida Ouissa, Eric Oziol, Justine Pages Maïder Pagadoy, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Bruno Pastene, Christelle Paul, Florent Peelman, Daniel Perez, Thomas Perpoint, Vincent Pestre, Ryadh Pokeerbux, Diane Ponscarme, Marie Rafiq, Blandine Rammaert, Stanislas Rebaudet, Sarah Redl, Anne-Sophie Resseguier, Matthieu Revest, Laurent Richier, Patrick Rispal, Karine Risso, Olivier Robineau, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Benoît Roze, Hélène Salvator, Pierre-François Sandrine, Benjamine Sarton, Eric Senneville, Albert Sotto, Sarah Stabler, Andrey Svistunov, Coralie Tardivon, François Téoulé, Olivier Terrier, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Peter S Timashev, Noémie Tissot, Tiffany Trouillon, Christelle Tual, Noémie Vanel, Charline Vauchy, Aurélie Veislinger, Fanny Vuotto, Aurélie Wiedemann, Marion Zabbe, David Zucman, Ekaterina Pazukhina, Allegra Chatterjee, Kyle Gomez, Matteo Puntoni, Oksana Kruglova, Yock Ping Chow, Yash Doshi, Sara Isabel Duque Vallejo, Elsa D Ibáñez-Prada, Yuli V Fuentes, Margaret E O'Hara, Tigist Menkir, Amal Abrous, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Aliya Mohammed Alameen, Marta Alessi, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Jean Baptiste Assie, Eyvind W Axelsen, John Kenneth Baillie, José Luis Bernal Sobrino, Sonja Hjellegjerde Brunvoll, Roar Bævre-Jensen, Jose Andres Calvache, Léo Chenard, Juan Luis Cruz Bermúdez, Jaime Cruz Rojo, Charlene Da Silveira, John Arne Dahl, Etienne De Montmollin, Cristina De Rose, Fernanda Dias Da Silva, Thomas Drake, Amiel A Dror, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Linn Margrete Eggesbø, Mohammed El Sanharawi, William Finlayson, Aline-Marie Florence, Linda Gail Skeie, Noelia García Barrio, Anatoliy Gavrylov, Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, Yanay Gorelik, Mette Stausland Istre, Silje Bakken Jørgensen, Karl Trygve Kalleberg, Beathe Kiland Granerud, Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland Kjetland, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Galyna Kutsyna, Nadhem Lafhej, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Soizic Le Mestre, Gwenaël Le Moal, Hervé Le Nagard, Sophie Letrou, Wei Shen Lim, Andreas Lind, Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo, Miles Lunn, Olga Martynenko, Roberta Meta, Lina Morales Cely, Clara Mouton Perrot, Alamin Mustafa, Karl Erik Müller, Ebrahim Ndure, Anders Benteson Nygaard, Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro, Paul Otiku, Miguel Pedrera Jiménez, Frank Olav Pettersen, Chiara Piubelli, Víctor Quirós González, Else Quist-Paulsen, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Antonia Ricchiuto, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Nadia Saidani, Pablo Serrano Balazote, Nassima Si Mohammed, Lene Bergendal Solberg, Edouard Soum, Elisabetta Spinuzza, Trude Steinsvik, Birgitte Stiksrud, Mathew Thorpe, Vadim Tieroshyn, Kristian Tonby, Anders Tveita, Sylvie Van Der Werf, and Paul Henri Wicky

Subjects
Medicine (General), R5-920, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Introduction A proportion of people develop Long Covid after acute COVID-19, but with most studies concentrated in high-income countries (HICs), the global burden is largely unknown. Our study aims to characterise long-term COVID-19 sequelae in populations globally and compare the prevalence of reported symptoms in HICs and low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).Methods A prospective, observational study in 17 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and South America, including adults with confirmed COVID-19 assessed at 2 to

Published
2024
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10. Trends in horizontal gene transfer research in Salmonella antimicrobial resistance: a bibliometric analysis

Author

Jin Yan, Benoît Doublet, and Agnès Wiedemann

Subjects
Salmonella, antimicrobial resistance, horizontal gene transfer, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) favors the acquisition and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Salmonella, making it a major public health concern. We performed a bibliometric analysis to provide the current landscape of HGT in research on Salmonella AMR and identify emerging trends and potential research directions for the future. Data were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection and limited to articles and reviews published between 1999 and 2024 in English. VOSviewer 1.6.19 and CiteSpace 6.2.R1 software were used to conduct bibliometric analysis and visualize co-occurring keywords. A total of 1,467 publications were retrieved for analysis. American researchers contributed the most articles (n = 310). In the meantime, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement have the highest citation/publication rate of 85.6. Recent studies have focused on the application of whole genome sequencing (WGS), Salmonella quinolone and colistin resistance, and the biocontrol of Salmonella AMR. These findings provide new insights into the role of HGT and help identify new targets for controlling the spread of AMR in Salmonella populations.

Published
2024
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11. Present Bodies. Emancipated Voices

Author

Sebastian Wiedemann and Verónica Naranjo-Quintero

Subjects
Counter-images, Body-territory, Menstruation, Gender, Violence, History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, AZ20-999
Abstract

This video essay is the result of a co-creation process carried out for six months with vulnerable teenagers who participated in a film workshop informed by a communitarian feminist epistemology in Toro, Colombia. Our aim, as co-creators of this process, is to collectivize the potencies of an emancipatory thought through images, sounds, and words in the face of gender-based violence that continues to take place in Latin America, particularly in the small city of Toro (a marginalized town witness to the violence resulting from drug trafficking). We also aim to affirm academic filmmaking as a propitious space for the consolidation of a material thought that relocates the body to the center of its motivations and movements. Our ambition has been to affirm academic filmmaking as a gesture of social justice, as well as a way of revitalizing and decolonizing the university.

Published
2024
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12. The impacts of shock events on airport management and operations: A systematic literature review

Author

Yue Gu, Mirjam Wiedemann, Robert Freestone, Henrik Rothe, and Nicholas Stevens

Subjects
Shock events, Airport planning, Airport operations, Resilience, Airport strategy, Airport business model, Transportation and communications, HE1-9990
Abstract

Unpredictable shock events have disruptive and long-lasting impacts on the aviation industry. However, the scale and type of impact of different shock events on airport operations and planning have been unevenly surveyed. A better understanding can help airports to improve their risk mitigation and develop more resilient operations and management. Through a systematic literature review of peer-reviewed research, we summarise shock events into four categories based on the cause of the shock: economic recessions, infectious disease pandemics, terrorist attacks, and natural disasters. The major impacts are identified as a reduction in air travel demand, interruptions in operations, modified operating procedures, and changes in facilities and infrastructure. We further bring these together into a conceptual typology of event-impact interactions. This longitudinal overview may assist airport managers in better understanding the impacts of shock events and taking further steps in developing more resilient airport infrastructure and associated business models.

Published
2024
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13. Hairpin protein partitioning from the ER to lipid droplets involves major structural rearrangements

Author

Ravi Dhiman, Rehani S. Perera, Chetan S. Poojari, Haakon T. A. Wiedemann, Reinhard Kappl, Christopher W. M. Kay, Jochen S. Hub, and Bianca Schrul

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Lipid droplet (LD) function relies on proteins partitioning between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) phospholipid bilayer and the LD monolayer membrane to control cellular adaptation to metabolic changes. It has been proposed that these hairpin proteins integrate into both membranes in a similar monotopic topology, enabling their passive lateral diffusion during LD emergence at the ER. Here, we combine biochemical solvent-accessibility assays, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and intra-molecular crosslinking experiments with molecular dynamics simulations, and determine distinct intramembrane positionings of the ER/LD protein UBXD8 in ER bilayer and LD monolayer membranes. UBXD8 is deeply inserted into the ER bilayer with a V-shaped topology and adopts an open-shallow conformation in the LD monolayer. Major structural rearrangements are required to enable ER-to-LD partitioning. Free energy calculations suggest that such structural transition is unlikely spontaneous, indicating that ER-to-LD protein partitioning relies on more complex mechanisms than anticipated and providing regulatory means for this trans-organelle protein trafficking.

Published
2024
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14. Circumferent dissection of the ascending aorta resulting in the occlusion of supra-aortic vessels repaired using the frozen elephant trunk technique - a case report

Author

Frieda-Maria Kainz, Kathrin Freystaetter, Felix Nagel, Dominik Wiedemann, and Bruno K. Podesser

Subjects
Type a aortic dissection, Frozen elephant trunk, Invaginated intimal mass, Surgery, RD1-811, Anesthesiology, RD78.3-87.3
Abstract

Abstract Background Our patient presented with acute back pain and dyspnea, without neurological symptoms. The computed tomography (CT) scan showed a circumferent rupture of the ascending aortic intima which was invaginated in the arch and descending aorta. Case presentation A 54-year-old male patient was diagnosed with a Type A aortic dissection. He was immediately transferred to our operation room (OR) from the emergency department of a peripheral hospital. He presented with a circumferential dissection of the ascending aorta originating just distal to the coronary ostia, with the invaginated intimal mass extending through the arch down the descending aorta. In mild hypothermia, the intimal mass was safely extracted and a frozen elephant trunk (FET) procedure was performed. Conclusions Despite the extensive dissection affecting the ascending aorta and aortic arch, resulting in partially occluded supra-aortic vessels by an intimal mass, the patient remained without neurological symptoms in the pre- and post-operative period and remains well one year post surgery.

Published
2024
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15. Recruitment of plasma cells from IL-21-dependent and IL-21-independent immune reactions to the bone marrow

Author

Marta Ferreira-Gomes, Yidan Chen, Pawel Durek, Hector Rincon-Arevalo, Frederik Heinrich, Laura Bauer, Franziska Szelinski, Gabriela Maria Guerra, Ana-Luisa Stefanski, Antonia Niedobitek, Annika Wiedemann, Marina Bondareva, Jacob Ritter, Katrin Lehmann, Sebastian Hardt, Christian Hipfl, Sascha Hein, Eberhard Hildt, Mareen Matz, Henrik E. Mei, Qingyu Cheng, Van Duc Dang, Mario Witkowski, Andreia C. Lino, Andrey Kruglov, Fritz Melchers, Carsten Perka, Eva V. Schrezenmeier, Andreas Hutloff, Andreas Radbruch, Thomas Dörner, and Mir-Farzin Mashreghi

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Bone marrow plasma cells (BMPC) are the correlate of humoral immunity, consistently releasing antibodies into the bloodstream. It remains unclear if BMPC reflect different activation environments or maturation of their precursors. Here we define human BMPC heterogeneity and track the recruitment of antibody-secreting cells (ASC) from SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immune reactions to the bone marrow (BM). Trajectories based on single-cell transcriptomes and repertoires of peripheral and BM ASC reveal sequential colonisation of BMPC compartments. In activated B cells, IL-21 suppresses CD19 expression, indicating that CD19low-BMPC are derived from follicular, while CD19high-BMPC originate from extrafollicular immune reactions. In primary immune reactions, both CD19low- and CD19high-BMPC compartments are populated. In secondary immune reactions, most BMPC are recruited to CD19high-BMPC compartments, reflecting their origin from extrafollicular reactivations of memory B cells. A pattern also observable in vaccinated-convalescent individuals and upon diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis recall-vaccination. Thus, BMPC diversity reflects the evolution of a given humoral immune response.

Published
2024
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16. Few-shot learning for automated content analysis: Efficient coding of arguments and claims in the debate on arms deliveries to Ukraine

Author

Jonas Rieger, Kostiantyn Yanchenko, Mattes Ruckdeschel, Gerret von Nordheim, Katharina Kleinen-von Königslöw, and Gregor Wiedemann

Subjects
Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract

Pre-trained language models (PLM) based on transformer neural networks developed in the field of natural language processing (NLP) offer great opportunities to improve automatic content analysis in communication science, especially for the coding of complex semantic categories in large datasets via supervised machine learning. However, three characteristics so far impeded the widespread adoption of the methods in the applying disciplines: the dominance of English language models in NLP research, the necessary computing resources, and the effort required to produce training data to fine-tune PLMs. In this study, we address these challenges by using a multilingual transformer model in combination with the adapter extension to transformers, and few-shot learning methods. We test our approach on a realistic use case from communication science to automatically detect claims and arguments together with their stance in the German news debate on arms deliveries to Ukraine. In three experiments, we evaluate (1) data preprocessing strategies and model variants for this task, (2) the performance of different few-shot learning methods, and (3) how well the best setup performs on varying training set sizes in terms of validity, reliability, replicability and reproducibility of the results. We find that our proposed combination of transformer adapters with pattern exploiting training provides a parameter-efficient and easily shareable alternative to fully fine-tuning PLMs. It performs on par in terms of validity, while overall, provides better properties for application in communication studies. The results also show that pre-fine-tuning for a task on a near-domain dataset leads to substantial improvement, in particular in the few-shot setting. Further, the results indicate that it is useful to bias the dataset away from the viewpoints of specific prominent individuals.

Published
2024
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17. Where you go is who you are: a study on machine learning based semantic privacy attacks

Author

Nina Wiedemann, Krzysztof Janowicz, Martin Raubal, and Ourania Kounadi

Subjects
Location privacy, Place labelling, Semantic privacy, Human mobility, Computer engineering. Computer hardware, TK7885-7895, Information technology, T58.5-58.64, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract

Abstract Concerns about data privacy are omnipresent, given the increasing usage of digital applications and their underlying business model that includes selling user data. Location data is particularly sensitive since they allow us to infer activity patterns and interests of users, e.g., by categorizing visited locations based on nearby points of interest (POI). On top of that, machine learning methods provide new powerful tools to interpret big data. In light of these considerations, we raise the following question: What is the actual risk that realistic, machine learning based privacy attacks can obtain meaningful semantic information from raw location data, subject to inaccuracies in the data? In response, we present a systematic analysis of two attack scenarios, namely location categorization and user profiling. Experiments on the Foursquare dataset and tracking data demonstrate the potential for abuse of high-quality spatial information, leading to a significant privacy loss even with location inaccuracy of up to 200 m. With location obfuscation of more than 1 km, spatial information hardly adds any value, but a high privacy risk solely from temporal information remains. The availability of public context data such as POIs plays a key role in inference based on spatial information. Our findings point out the risks of ever-growing databases of tracking data and spatial context data, which policymakers should consider for privacy regulations, and which could guide individuals in their personal location protection measures.

Published
2024
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18. UV light-mediated corneal crosslinking as (lymph)angioregressive pretreatment to promote graft survival after subsequent high-risk corneal transplantation (CrossCornealVision): protocol for a multicenter, randomized controlled trial

Author

Johanna Wiedemann, Deniz Hos, Endrik Limburg, Ulrike Zettelmeyer, Petra Schiller, Jeremy Franklin, Björn Bachmann, Daniel Böhringer, Tina Dietrich-Ntoukas, Thomas A. Fuchsluger, Gerd Geerling, Stefan J. Lang, Wolfgang Johann Mayer, Siegfried Priglinger, Thomas Reinhard, Berthold Seitz, and Claus Cursiefen

Subjects
Cornea, (Lymph)angioregressive preconditioning, Multicenter randomized clinical trial (RCT), Corneal transplantation, Crosslinking (CXL), Graft rejection, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract Background Good vision highly depends on the transparency of the cornea, which is the “windscreen” of the eye. In fact, corneal blindness due to transparency loss is the second most common cause of blindness worldwide, and corneal transplantation is the main cure. Importantly, the cornea is normally avascular but can secondarily be invaded by pathological (blood and lymphatic) vessels due to severe inflammation, and the survival prognosis of a corneal graft mainly depends on the preoperative vascular condition of the recipient’s cornea. Whereas transplants placed into avascular recipient beds enjoy long-term survival rates of > 90%, survival rates significantly decrease in pathologically pre-vascularized, so-called high-risk recipients, which account for around 10% of all performed transplants in Germany and > 75% in lower and middle-income countries worldwide. Methods This parallel-grouped, open-randomized, multicenter, prospective controlled exploratory investigator-initiated trial (IIT) intends to improve graft survival by preconditioning pathologically vascularized recipient corneas by (lymph)angioregressive treatment before high-risk corneal transplantation. For this purpose, corneal crosslinking (CXL) will be used, which has been shown to potently regress corneal blood and lymphatic vessels. Prior to transplantation, patients will be randomized into 2 groups: (1) CXL (intervention) or (2) no pretreatment (control). CXL will be repeated once if insufficient reduction of corneal neovascularization should be observed. All patients (both groups) will then undergo corneal transplantation. In the intervention group, remaining blood vessels will be additionally regressed using fine needle diathermy (on the day of transplantation). Afterwards, the incidence of graft rejection episodes will be evaluated for 24 months (primary endpoint). Overall graft survival, as well as regression of corneal vessels and/or recurrence, among other factors, will be analyzed (secondary endpoints). Discussion Based on preclinical and early pilot clinical evidence, we want to test the novel concept of temporary (lymph)angioregressive pretreatment of high-risk eyes by CXL to promote subsequent corneal graft survival. So far, there is no evidence-based approach to reliably improve graft survival in the high-risk corneal transplantation setting available in clinical routine. If successful, this approach will be the first to promote graft survival in high-risk transplants. It will significantly improve vision and quality of life in patients suffering from corneal blindness. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05870566. Registered on 22 May 2023.

Published
2024
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19. Hydrophobic solution functions as a multifaceted mosquito repellent by enhancing chemical transfer, altering object tracking, and forming aversive memory

Author

Bianca M. Wiedemann, Kohei Takeuchi, Kazumi Ohta, Aya Kato-Namba, Masayuki Yabuki, Hokto Kazama, and Takao Nakagawa

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Developing a safe and potent repellent of mosquitoes applicable to human skins is an effective measure against the spread of mosquito-borne diseases. Recently, we have identified that hydrophobic solutions such as low viscosity polydimethylsiloxane (L-PDMS) spread on a human skin prevent mosquitoes from staying on and biting it. This is likely due to the ability of L-PDMS in wetting mosquito legs and exerting a capillary force from which the mosquitoes attempt to escape. Here we show three additional functions of L-PDMS that can contribute to repel Aedes albopictus, by combining physicochemical analysis and behavioral assays in both an arm cage and a virtual flight arena. First, L-PDMS, when mixed with topical repellents and applied on a human skin, enhances the effect of topical repellents in reducing mosquito bites by efficiently transferring them to mosquito legs upon contact. Second, L-PDMS applied to mosquito tarsi compromises visual object tracking during flight, exerting an influence outlasting the contact. Finally, L-PDMS applied to mosquito tarsi acts as an aversive reinforcer in associative learning, making mosquitoes avoid the conditioned odor. These results uncover a multifaceted potential of L-PDMS in altering a sequence of mosquito behaviors from biting a human skin, visual object tracking following takeoff, to the response to an odor linked with L-PDMS.

Published
2024
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20. Correlates of risk-taking behaviour and suicidality among humanitarian aid workers

Author

Frédérique Vallières, Hamed Seddighi, Áine Travers, Peter Varah, Nana Wiedemann, Cecilie Dinesen, Kinan Aldamman, James Lee, Bonnix Kayabu, and Philip Hyland

Subjects
Humanitarian aid workers, suicidality, risk-taking behaviours, trauma, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

In an era of high need for humanitarian assistance, humanitarian aid workers face increased exposure to potentially traumatic events and, correspondingly, a greater risk of psychological distress (e.g., anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD], and burnout). Less studied among humanitarian workers, however, are other known correlates of trauma-exposure: complex PTSD, risk-taking behaviours, and suicidality. The current study examined levels of trauma exposure and rates of trauma-related mental health disorders, risk-taking behaviour, and levels of suicidality among a sample (N = 232) of humanitarian workers located across 52 countries. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine which demographic (i.e., sex, age, cadre, years working as an aid worker), psychological (i.e., social support, personality traits), and trauma-related (trauma exposure, complex posttraumatic stress disorder [CPTSD] symptoms, and dissociation) variables were uniquely associated with risk-taking behaviours and suicidality. Overall, 12.9 % (95 % CI = 8.5 %, 17.2 %) of humanitarian workers met the diagnostic requirements for PTSD, and 8.6 % (95 % CI = 5.0 %, 12.2 %) met requirements for CPTSD. Higher risk-taking behaviours were significantly associated with being male, an international worker, greater trauma exposure, extraversion, neuroticism, and CPTSD symptoms. Suicidality was significantly associated with being an international staff member and higher levels of dissociation. Results are consistent with previous studies citing a high risk of psychological distress among humanitarian workers. Humanitarian aid agencies have a duty of care to their workers - both professional and volunteer - and greater safeguarding measures are necessary to mitigate the risk to mental health brought on by humanitarian work-related stressors.

Published
2025
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21. Human tetraspanin CD81 facilitates invasion of Salmonella enterica into human epithelial cells

Author

Kris Gerard Alvarez, Lisa Goral, Abdulhadi Suwandi, Lisa Lasswitz, Francisco J. Zapatero-Belinchón, Katrin Ehrhardt, Kumar Nagarathinam, Katrin Künnemann, Thomas Krey, Agnes Wiedemann, Gisa Gerold, and Guntram A. Grassl

Subjects
Salmonella, intestinal epithelium, tetraspanins, infection, invasion, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Human CD81 and CD9 are members of the tetraspanin family of proteins characterized by a canonical structure of four transmembrane domains and two extracellular loop domains. Tetraspanins are known as molecular facilitators, which assemble and organize cell surface receptors and partner molecules forming clusters known as tetraspanin-enriched microdomains. They have been implicated to play various biological roles including an involvement in infections with microbial pathogens. Here, we demonstrate an important role of CD81 for the invasion of epithelial cells by Salmonella enterica. We show that the overexpression of CD81 in HepG2 cells enhances invasion of various typhoidal and non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars. Deletion of CD81 by CRISPR/Cas9 in intestinal epithelial cells (C2BBe1 and HT29-MTX-E12) reduces S. Typhimurium invasion. In addition, the effect of human CD81 is species-specific as only human but not rat CD81 facilitates Salmonella invasion. Finally, immunofluorescence microscopy and proximity ligation assay revealed that both human tetraspanins CD81 and CD9 are recruited to the entry site of S. Typhimurium during invasion but not during adhesion to the host cell surface. Overall, we demonstrate that the human tetraspanin CD81 facilitates Salmonella invasion into epithelial host cells.

Published
2024
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22. Data Collection and Analysis for Small-Town Policing: Challenges and Recommendations

Author

Claire Kelling, Anna Haensch, Ariana Mendible, Spencer Brooks, Alexander Wiedemann, Manuchehr Aminian, Wade Hasty, and Jude Higdon

Subjects
Data science, Natural language processing, Police reform, Quantitative social justice, Small-town, Spatial statistics, Political institutions and public administration (General), JF20-2112, Probabilities. Mathematical statistics, QA273-280
Abstract

According to the 2020 U.S. Census more than 60% of the U.S. population lives in towns with fewer than 50,000 residents, yet this is not in proportion with the research and public data surrounding policing, which focus on large and dense urban areas. One reason for this disparity is that studying small-town police departments presents unique obstacles. We present some of the challenges that we have encountered in studying small-town police activity such as data availability, quality, and identifiability, and our solutions to these challenges using computational tools. Finally, we give our recommendations in getting involved in this space based on our efforts to-date.

Published
2024
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23. The Salmonella virulence protein PagN contributes to the advent of a hyper-replicating cytosolic bacterial population

Author

Sébastien Holbert, Emilie Barilleau, Jin Yan, Jérôme Trotereau, Michael Koczerka, Mégane Charton, Yves Le Vern, Julien Pichon, Guntram A. Grassl, Philippe Velge, and Agnès Wiedemann

Subjects
Salmonella, outer membrane protein, PagN, host cell vacuole, evasion, hyper-replication, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

ABSTRACTSalmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium is an intracellular pathogen that invades and colonizes the intestinal epithelium. Following bacterial invasion, Salmonella is enclosed within a membrane-bound vacuole known as a Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV). However, a subset of Salmonella has the capability to prematurely rupture the SCV and escape, resulting in Salmonella hyper-replication within the cytosol of epithelial cells. A recently published RNA-seq study provides an overview of cytosolic and vacuolar upregulated genes and highlights pagN vacuolar upregulation. Here, using transcription kinetics, protein production profile, and immunofluorescence microscopy, we showed that PagN is exclusively produced by Salmonella in SCV. Gentamicin protection and chloroquine resistance assays were performed to demonstrate that deletion of pagN affects Salmonella replication by affecting the cytosolic bacterial population. This study presents the first example of a Salmonella virulence factor expressed within the endocytic compartment, which has a significant impact on the dynamics of Salmonella cytosolic hyper-replication.

Published
2024
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24. Impact of COVID-19 on recorded blood pressure screening and hypertension management in England: an analysis of monthly changes in the quality and outcomes framework indicators in OpenSAFELY

Author

Richard J McManus, Ben Goldacre, David Evans, Alex J Walker, Christopher Wood, Jessica Morley, Brian MacKenna, Christopher T Rentsch, Seb Bacon, Chris Bates, Helen J Curtis, Amir Mehrkar, Peter Inglesby, Jonathan Cockburn, Laurie Tomlinson, John Parry, Frank Hester, Amelia Green, Miriam Samuel, Rose Higgins, Andrew D Brown, Viyaasan Mahalingasivam, Caroline Morton, Rebecca M Smith, Louis Fisher, Lisa Hopcroft, Jon Massey, Iain Dillingham, Steven Maude, Milan Wiedemann, Colm Andrews, Christine Cunningham, Victoria Speed, and Caroline Walters

Subjects
Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Background The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted cardiovascular disease management in primary care in England.Objective To describe the impact of the pandemic on blood pressure screening and hypertension management based on a national quality of care scheme (Quality and Outcomes Framework, QOF) across key demographic, regional and clinical subgroups.Methods With NHS England approval, a population-based cohort study was conducted using OpenSAFELY-TPP on 25.2 million NHS patients registered at general practices (March 2019 to March 2023). We examined monthly changes in recorded blood pressure screening in the preceding 5 years in patients aged ≥45 years and recorded the hypertension prevalence and the percentage of patients treated to target (≤140/90 mmHg for patients aged ≤79 years and ≤150/90 mmHg for patients aged ≥80 years) in the preceding 12 months.Results The percentage of patients aged ≥45 years who had blood pressure screening recorded in the preceding 5 years decreased from 90% (March 2019) to 85% (March 2023). Recorded hypertension prevalence was relatively stable at 15% throughout the study period. The percentage of patients with a record of hypertension treated to target in the preceding 12 months reduced from a maximum of 71% (March 2020) to a minimum of 47% (February 2021) in patients aged ≤79 years and from 85% (March 2020) to a minimum of 58% (February 2021) in patients aged ≥80 years before recovery. Blood pressure screening rates in the preceding 5 years remained stable in older people, patients with recorded learning disability or care home status.Conclusions The pandemic substantially disrupted hypertension management QOF indicators, which is likely attributable to general reductions of blood pressure measurement including screening. OpenSAFELY can be used to continuously monitor changes in national quality-of-care schemes to identify changes in key clinical subgroups early and support prioritisation of recovery from care disrupted by COVID-19.

Published
2024
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25. Discovery of antiplasmodial pyridine carboxamides and thiocarboxamides

Author

Alexa Redway, Christina Spry, Ainka Brown, Ursula Wiedemann, Imam Fathoni, Larnelle F. Garnie, Deyun Qiu, Timothy J. Egan, Adele M. Lehane, Yvette Jackson, Kevin J. Saliba, and Nadale Downer-Riley

Subjects
Antiplasmodial, Malaria, Pyridine, Amides, Thioamides, P. falciparum, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Malaria continues to be a significant burden, particularly in Africa, which accounts for 95% of malaria deaths worldwide. Despite advances in malaria treatments, malaria eradication is hampered by insecticide and antimalarial drug resistance. Consequently, the need to discover new antimalarial lead compounds remains urgent. To help address this need, we evaluated the antiplasmodial activity of twenty-two amides and thioamides with pyridine cores and their non-pyridine analogues. Twelve of these compounds showed in vitro anti-proliferative activity against the intraerythrocytic stage of Plasmodium falciparum, the most virulent species of Plasmodium infecting humans. Thiopicolinamide 13i was found to possess submicromolar activity (IC50 = 142 nM) and was >88-fold less active against a human cell line. The compound was equally effective against chloroquine-sensitive and -resistant parasites and did not inhibit β-hematin formation, pH regulation or PfATP4. Compound 13i may therefore possess a novel mechanism of action.

Published
2024
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26. Deaths with COVID-19 and from all-causes following first-ever SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with preexisting mental disorders: A national cohort study from Czechia.

Author

Tomáš Formánek, Libor Potočár, Katrin Wolfova, Hana Melicharová, Karolína Mladá, Anna Wiedemann, Danni Chen, Pavel Mohr, Petr Winkler, Peter B Jones, and Jiří Jarkovský

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

BackgroundEvidence suggests reduced survival rates following Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in people with preexisting mental disorders, especially psychotic disorders, before the broad introduction of vaccines. It remains unknown whether this elevated mortality risk persisted at later phases of the pandemic and when accounting for the confounding effect of vaccination uptake and clinically recorded physical comorbidities.Methods and findingsWe used data from Czech national health registers to identify first-ever serologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in 5 epochs related to different phases of the pandemic: 1st March 2020 to 30th September 2020, 1st October 2020 to 26th December 2020, 27th December 2020 to 31st March 2021, 1st April 2021 to 31st October 2021, and 1st November 2021 to 29th February 2022. In these people, we ascertained cases of mental disorders using 2 approaches: (1) per the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10) diagnostic codes for substance use, psychotic, affective, and anxiety disorders; and (2) per ICD-10 diagnostic codes for the above mental disorders coupled with a prescription for anxiolytics/hypnotics/sedatives, antidepressants, antipsychotics, or stimulants per the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification codes. We matched individuals with preexisting mental disorders with counterparts who had no recorded mental disorders on age, sex, month and year of infection, vaccination status, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). We assessed deaths with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and from all-causes in the time period of 28 and 60 days following the infection using stratified Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for matching variables and additional confounders. The number of individuals in matched-cohorts ranged from 1,328 in epoch 1 to 854,079 in epoch 5. The proportion of females ranged from 34.98% in people diagnosed with substance use disorders in epoch 3 to 71.16% in individuals diagnosed and treated with anxiety disorders in epoch 5. The mean age ranged from 40.97 years (standard deviation [SD] = 15.69 years) in individuals diagnosed with substance use disorders in epoch 5 to 56.04 years (SD = 18.37 years) in people diagnosed with psychotic disorders in epoch 2. People diagnosed with or diagnosed and treated for psychotic disorders had a consistently elevated risk of dying with COVID-19 in epochs 2, 3, 4, and 5, with adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) ranging from 1.46 [95% confidence intervals (CIs), 1.18, 1.79] to 1.93 [95% CIs, 1.12, 3.32]. This patient group demonstrated also a consistently elevated risk of all-cause mortality in epochs 2, 3, 4, and 5 (aHR from 1.43 [95% CIs, 1.23, 1.66] to 1.99 [95% CIs, 1.25, 3.16]). The models could not be reliably fit for psychotic disorders in epoch 1. People diagnosed with substance use disorders had an increased risk of all-cause mortality 28 days postinfection in epoch 3, 4, and 5 (aHR from 1.30 [95% CIs, 1.14, 1.47] to 1.59 [95% CIs, 1.19, 2.12]) and 60 days postinfection in epoch 2, 3, 4, and 5 (aHR from 1.22 [95% CIs, 1.08, 1.38] to 1.52 [95% CIs, 1.16, 1.98]). Cases ascertained based on diagnosis of substance use disorders and treatment had increased risk of all-cause mortality in epoch 2, 3, 4, and 5 (aHR from 1.22 [95% CIs, 1.03, 1.43] to 1.91 [95% CIs, 1.25, 2.91]). The models could not be reliably fit for substance use disorders in epoch 1. In contrast to these, people diagnosed with anxiety disorders had a decreased risk of death with COVID-19 in epoch 2, 3, and 5 (aHR from 0.78 [95% CIs, 0.69, 0.88] to 0.89 [95% CIs, 0.81, 0.98]) and all-cause mortality in epoch 2, 3, 4, and 5 (aHR from 0.83 [95% CIs, 0.77, 0.90] to 0.88 [95% CIs, 0.83, 0.93]). People diagnosed and treated for affective disorders had a decreased risk of both death with COVID-19 and from all-causes in epoch 3 (aHR from 0.87 [95% CIs, 0.79, 0.96] to 0.90 [95% CIs, 0.83, 0.99]), but demonstrated broadly null effects in other epochs. Given the unavailability of data on a number of potentially influential confounders, particularly body mass index, tobacco smoking status, and socioeconomic status, part of the detected associations might be due to residual confounding.ConclusionsPeople with preexisting psychotic, and, less robustly, substance use disorders demonstrated a persistently elevated risk of death following SARS-CoV-2 infection throughout the pandemic. While it cannot be ruled out that part of the detected associations is due to residual confounding, this excess mortality cannot be fully explained by lower vaccination uptake and more clinically recorded physical comorbidities in these patient groups.

Published
2024
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27. Differential response of IgM and IgG memory B cell populations to CD40L: insights of T cell – memory B cell interactions

Author

Hector Rincon-Arevalo, Ana-Luisa Stefanski, Tuan Anh Le, Marcos Cases, Annika Wiedemann, Franziska Szelinski, Jacob Ritter, Van Duc Dang, Andreia C. Lino, Thomas Dörner, and Eva Schrezenmeier

Subjects
memory B cell, plasmablast, CD40L, plasma cell, T:B co-stimulation, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Memory B cells (mBCs) are characterized by their long-term stability, fast reactivation, and capability to rapidly differentiate into antibody-secreting cells (ASCs). However, the role of T cells in the differentiation of mBCs, in contrast to naive B cells, remains to be delineated. We study the role of T cells in mBC responses, using CD40L stimulation and autologous T-B co-cultures. Our results showed that increased CD40L levels led to a selective increased proliferation of IgM+ mBC, which did not class-switched, resulting in higher frequencies of IgM+ ASCs and a lower frequency of IgG+ ASCs. The IgG+/IgA+ mBCs were unaffected. We further compared the transcription of immune-related genes in IgM+ and IgG+ pre-plasmablasts cultured at high (500 ng/mL) and low (50 ng/mL) CD40L levels. In response to increased CD40L levels, both populations exhibited a core response to genes related to activation (TRAF1, AKT3, CD69, and CD80). However, they differed in genes related to cytokine/chemokine/homing interactions (CCL3/4/17, LTA, NKX2-3, BCL2 and IL21R) and cell-cell interactions (HLADR, CD40, and ICOSL), which were largely confined to IgG+ cells. Our findings revealed that in co-cultures with a high T-ratio, the response was similar to that found in cultures with high CD40L levels. These results suggest that IgG+ mBCs have a greater capacity for proliferation and T cell interaction, and weaker migration capabilities, leading to a preference for an IgG response over IgM in the short term. This adaptable response could fine-tune the memory repertoire with different functions of IgG versus IgM mBCs.

Published
2024
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28. Hyperosmolarity in children with hyperammonemia: a risk of brain herniation at the start of renal replacement therapy

Author

Yousra Maghmoul, Arnaud Wiedemann, Lucile Barcat, Fabienne Parente, Pierre Allard, Fernando Alvarez, and Philippe Jouvet

Subjects
hyperosmolarity, hyperammonemia, liver failure, children, brain herniation, Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

PurposeRenal replacement therapy (RRT) is used in hyperammonemia to reduce the concentration of ammonia in the blood. In the case of plasma hyperosmolarity, RRT can also rapidly decrease plasma osmolarity, which may increase cerebral edema in these patients and favor the occurrence of brain herniation.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective clinical study in a tertiary care university-affiliated hospital. All patients admitted in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), less than 18 years old with ammonemia >150 µmol/L and who underwent RRT between January 2015 and June 2023 were included. We collected data on plasma osmolarity levels, osmolar gap and blood ammonia levels before and during RRT.ResultsEleven patients were included (10 with acute liver failure and 1 with a urea cycle disorders). Their mean age was 36.2 months. Before RRT, the median highest measured osmolarity was 320 (305–324) mOsm/L, whereas the median calculated osmolarity was 303 (293–314) mOsm/L, corresponding to an osmolar gap of 14 mOsm/L. Ammonia blood level over 400 µmol/L are significantly associated with higher plasma osmolarity (P-Value

Published
2024
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29. Changes in sick notes associated with COVID-19 from 2020 to 2022: a cohort study in 24 million primary care patients in OpenSAFELY-TPP

Author

Andrew Steptoe, John Macleod, Daniel McCartney, Aziz Sheikh, Annie Herbert, Ben Goldacre, David Evans, Louise Jones, Sam Harper, Michael Green, Nicholas Timpson, John Wright, Liam Smeeth, Laurie A Tomlinson, Sinead Brophy, Kate Tilling, Andy Gibson, Paola Zaninotto, Stefan Neubauer, Yinghui Wei, Betty Raman, Chloe Park, Alun Hughes, Jonathan Sterne, Elena Lukaschuk, Stefan Piechnik, Angela Wood, Mark Green, Agnieszka Lemanska, Krishnan Bhaskaran, Kathryn Willan, Elsie Horne, Hannah Woodward, Ian Douglas, Andrew Wong, Andy Boyd, Harriet Forbes, Sinéad Langan, Nishi Chaturvedi, Tom Palmer, Kathryn Mansfield, Rachel Denholm, Emily Herrett, Kevin Wang, Bo Hou, Felix Greaves, Laura Sheard, Praveetha Patalay, Kishan Patel, Jessica Morley, Bang Zheng, Charlotte Booth, Spiros Denaxas, Brian MacKenna, Ruth E Costello, Jonathan Kennedy, William Hulme, Michael Parker, Geneviève Cezard, Syed A Shah, Amir Mehrkar, Peter Inglesby, Jonathan Cockburn, Laurie Tomlinson, John Parry, Frank Hester, Eoin McElroy, Amelia Green, Gillian Santorelli, Alisia Carnemolla, Richard Shaw, Samantha Ip, Venexia Walker, Emma L Turner, Richard Thomas, Rebecca Rhead, Archie Campbell, Ellen Thompson, Ruth Bowyer, Jane Maddock, Helen Curtis, Alex Walker, Olivia Hamilton, Rosie McEachan, Ellena Badrick, Stephen Smith, Richard Dobson, Stela McLachlan, Vanessa Ferreira, Vittal Katikireddi, Scott Walker, Lucy Teece, Simon Davy, John Tazare, Bettina Moltrecht, Theocharis Kromydas, Giorgio Di Gessa, Gareth Griffith, Viyaasan Mahalingasivam, Elizabeth Tunnicliffe, George Hickman, Tom Ward, Rebecca M Smith, Sam Parsons, Callum Stewart, Amos Folarin, Daniel Kopasker, Claire Steves, Louis Fisher, Sebastian C J Bacon, Lisa Hopcroft, Robin Y Park, Jon Massey, Iain Dillingham, Steven Maude, Wels Jacques, Linda Nab, Christopher Bates, Milan Wiedemann, Ruth Mitchell, Chao Fang, Fatima Almaghrabi, Jingmin Zhu, Lucy Bridges, Kurt Taylor, Colm Andrews, Jean Stafford, Nathan Cheetham, Sebastian CJ Bacon, Alicja Rapala, Robin Flaig, Andrea L Schaffer, Benjamin FC Butler-Cole, Liam Hart Ben Goldacre, Thomas O’Dwyer, Dylan Williams, Anika Knueppel, Katharine M Evans, Samantha Berman, Matthew Crane, Rebecca Whitehorn, Jacqui Oakley, Diane Foster, Kirsteen C Campbell, Alex Kwong, Ana Goncalves Soares, Renin Toms, Lizzie Huntley, Laura Fox, Rochelle Knight, Northstone Kate, Kanagaratnam Arun, Teri North, Marwa AL Arab, Jose IC Coronado, Arun S Karthikeyan, Ploubidis George, Bozena Wielgoszewska, Charis Bridger-Staatz, Paz Garcia, Maxim Freydin, Amy Roberts, Alex Walker Ben Goldacre, Jess Morley, Anoop Shah Richard Silverwood, Thomas Cowling, Kate Mansfield, Tiffany Yang, Tom Bolton, Alexia Sampri, Elena Rafeti, Robert Willans, Fiona Glen, Steve Sharp, Lee Hamill Howes, Lidia Nigrelli, Fintan McArdle, Chelsea Beckford, Yatharth Ranjan, Jd Carpentieri, Sarah Baz, John Kellas, Laura C Saunders, James M Wild, Peter Jezzard, Zeena-Britt Sanders, Lucy Finnigan, Milla Kibble, Francisco Perez-Reche, Dominik Piehlmaier, and Edward Parker

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Objectives Long-term sickness absence from employment has negative consequences for the economy and can lead to widened health inequalities. Sick notes (also called ‘fit notes’) are issued by general practitioners when a person cannot work for health reasons for more than 7 days. We quantified the sick note rate in people with evidence of COVID-19 in 2020, 2021 and 2022, as an indication of the burden for people recovering from COVID-19.Design Cohort study.Setting With National Health Service (NHS) England approval, we used routine clinical data (primary care, hospital and COVID-19 testing records) within the OpenSAFELY-TPP database.Participants People 18–64 years with a recorded positive test or diagnosis of COVID-19 in 2020 (n=365 421), 2021 (n=1 206 555) or 2022 (n=1 321 313); general population matched in age, sex and region in 2019 (n=3 140 326), 2020 (n=3 439 534), 2021 (n=4 571 469) and 2022 (n=4 818 870); people hospitalised with pneumonia in 2019 (n=29 673).Primary outcome measure Receipt of a sick note in primary care.Results Among people with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test or COVID-19 diagnosis, the sick note rate was 4.88 per 100 person-months (95% CI 4.83 to 4.93) in 2020, 2.66 (95% CI 2.64 to 2.67) in 2021 and 1.73 (95% CI 1.72 to 1.73) in 2022. Compared with the age, sex and region-matched general population, the adjusted HR for receipt of a sick note over the entire follow-up period (up to 10 months) was 4.07 (95% CI 4.02 to 4.12) in 2020 decreasing to 1.57 (95% CI 1.56 to 1.58) in 2022. The HR was highest in the first 30 days postdiagnosis in all years. Among people hospitalised with COVID-19, after adjustment, the sick note rate was lower than in people hospitalised with pneumonia.Conclusions Given the under-recording of postacute COVID-19-related symptoms, these findings contribute a valuable perspective on the long-term effects of COVID-19. Despite likely underestimation of the sick note rate, sick notes were issued more frequently to people with COVID-19 compared with those without, even in an era when most people are vaccinated. Most sick notes occurred in the first 30 days postdiagnosis, but the increased risk several months postdiagnosis may provide further evidence of the long-term impact.

Published
2024
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30. Lack of association between classical HLA genes and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection

Author

Astrid Marchal, Elizabeth T. Cirulli, Iva Neveux, Evangelos Bellos, Ryan S. Thwaites, Kelly M. Schiabor Barrett, Yu Zhang, Ivana Nemes-Bokun, Mariya Kalinova, Andrew Catchpole, Stuart G. Tangye, András N. Spaan, Justin B. Lack, Jade Ghosn, Charles Burdet, Guy Gorochov, Florence Tubach, Pierre Hausfater, Clifton L. Dalgard, Shen-Ying Zhang, Qian Zhang, Christopher Chiu, Jacques Fellay, Joseph J. Grzymski, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Laurent Abel, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Aurélie Cobat, Alexandre Bolze, Alessandro Aiuti, Saleh Al-Muhsen, Fahd Al-Mulla, Ali Amara, Mark S. Anderson, Evangelos Andreakos, Andrés A. Arias, Lisa M. Arkin, Hagit Baris Feldman, Paul Bastard, Alexandre Belot, Catherine M. Biggs, Dusan Bogunovic, Anastasiia Bondarenko, Alessandro Borghesi, Ahmed A. Bousfiha, Petter Brodin, Yenan Bryceson, Manish J. Butte, Giorgio Casari, John Christodoulou, Roger Colobran, Antonio Condino-Neto, Stefan N. Constantinescu, Megan A. Cooper, Murkesh Desai, Beth A. Drolet, Xavier Duval, Jamila El Baghdadi, Philippine Eloy, Sara Espinosa-Padilla, Carlos Flores, José Luis Franco, Antoine Froidure, Peter K. Gregersen, Bodo Grimbacher, Filomeen Haerynck, David Hagin, Rabih Halwani, Lennart Hammarström, James R. Heath, Elena W.Y. Hsieh, Eystein Husebye, Kohsuke Imai, Yuval Itan, Emmanuelle Jouanguy, Elżbieta Kaja, Timokratis Karamitros, Kai Kisand, Cheng-Lung Ku, Yu-Lung Lau, Yun Ling, Carrie L. Lucas, Tom Maniatis, Davood Mansouri, László Maródi, France Mentré, Isabelle Meyts, Joshua D. Milner, Kristina Mironska, Trine H. Mogensen, Tomohiro Morio, Lisa F.P. Ng, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Antonio Novelli, Giuseppe Novelli, Cliona O'Farrelly, Satoshi Okada, Keisuke Okamoto, Tayfun Ozcelik, Qiang Pan-Hammarström, Jean W. Pape, Rebeca Perez de Diego, Jordi Perez-Tur, David S. Perlin, Graziano Pesole, Anna M. Planas, Carolina Prando, Aurora Pujol, Anne Puel, Lluis Quintana-Murci, Sathishkumar Ramaswamy, Laurent Renia, Igor Resnick, Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego, Anna Sediva, Mikko R.J. Seppänen, Mohammad Shahrooei, Anna Shcherbina, Ondrej Slaby, Andrew L. Snow, Pere Soler-Palacín, Vassili Soumelis, Ivan Tancevski, Ahmad Abou Tayoun, Şehime Gülsün Temel, Christian Thorball, Pierre Tiberghien, Sophie Trouillet-Assant, Stuart E. Turvey, K. M. Furkan Uddin, Mohammed J. Uddin, Diederik van de Beek, Donald C. Vinh, Horst von Bernuth, Joost Wauters, Mayana Zatz, Pawel Zawadzki, Serge Bureau, Yannick Vacher, Anne Gysembergh-Houal, Lauren Demerville, Abla Benleulmi-Chaachoua, Sebastien Abad, Radhiya Abassi, Abdelrafie Abdellaoui, Abdelkrim Abdelmalek, Hendy Abdoul, Helene Abergel, Fariza Abeud, Sophie Abgrall, Noemie Abisror, Marylise Adechian, Nordine Aderdour, Hakeem Farid Admane, Frederic Adnet, Sara Afritt, Helene Agostini, Claire Aguilar, Sophie Agut, Tommaso Francesco Aiello, Marc Ait Kaci, Hafid Ait Oufella, Gokula Ajeenthiravasan, Virginie Alauzy, Fanny Alby-Laurent, Lucie Allard, Marie-Alexandra Alyanakian, Blanca Amador Borrero, Sabrina Amam, Lucile Amrouche, Marc Andronikof, Dany Anglicheau, Nadia Anguel, Djillali Annane, Mohammed Aounzou, Caroline Aparicio, Gladys Aratus, Jean-Benoit Arlet, Jeremy Arzoine, Elisabeth Aslangul, Mona Assefi, Adeline Aubry, Laetitia Audiffred, Etienne Audureau, Christelle Nathalie Auger, Jean-Charles Auregan, Celine Awotar, Sonia Ayllon Milla, Delphine Azan, Laurene Azemar, Billal Azzouguen, Marwa Bachir Elrufaai, Aïda Badsi, Prissile Bakouboula, Coline Balcerowiak, Fanta Balde, Elodie Baldivia, Eliane-Flore Bangamingo, Amandine Baptiste, Fanny Baran-Marszak, Caroline Barau, Nathalie Barget, Flore Baronnet, Romain Barthelemy, Jean-Luc Baudel, Camille Baudry, Elodie Baudry, Laurent Beaugerie, Adel Belamri, Nicolas Belaube, Rhida Belilita, Pierre Bellassen, Rawan Belmokhtar, Isabel Beltran, Ruben Benainous, Mourad Benallaoua, Robert Benamouzig, Amélie Benbara, Jaouad Benhida, Anis Benkhelouf, Jihene Benlagha, Chahinez Benmostafa, Skander Benothmane, Miassa Bentifraouine, Laurence Berard, Quentin Bernier, Enora Berti, Astrid Bertier, Laure Berton, Simon Bessis, Alexandra Beurton, Celine Bianco, Clara Bianquis, Frank Bidar, Philippe Blanche, Clarisse Blayau, Alexandre Bleibtreu, Emmanuelle Blin, Coralie Bloch-Queyrat, Marie-Christophe Boissier, Diane Bollens, Marion Bolzoni, Rudy pierre Bompard, Nicolas Bonnet, Justine Bonnouvrier, Shirmonecrystal Botha, Wissam Boucenna, Fatiha Bouchama, Olivier Bouchaud, Hanane Bouchghoul, Taoueslylia Boudjebla, Noel Boudjema, Catherine Bouffard, Adrien Bougle, Meriem Bouguerra, Leila Bouras, Agnes Bourcier, Anne Bourgarit Durand, Anne Bourrier, Fabrice Bouscarat, Diane Bouvry, Nesrine Bouziri, Ons Bouzrara, Sarah Bribier, Delphine Brugier, Melanie Brunel, Eida Bui, Anne Buisson, Iryna Bukreyeva, Côme Bureau, Jacques Cadranel, Johann Cailhol, Ruxandra Calin, Clara Campos Vega, Pauline Canavaggio, Marta Cancella, Delphine Cantin, Albert Cao, Lionel Carbillon, Nicolas Carlier, Clementine Cassard, Guylaine Castor, Marion Cauchy, Olivier Cha, Benjamin Chaigne, Salima Challal, Karine Champion, Patrick Chariot, Julie Chas, Simon Chauveau, Anthony Chauvin, Clement Chauvin, Nathalie Chavarot, Kamélia Chebbout, Mustapha Cherai, Ilaria Cherubini, Amelie Chevalier, Thibault Chiarabini, Thierry Chinet, Richard Chocron, Pascaline Choinier, Juliette Chommeloux, Christophe Choquet, Laure Choupeaux, Benjamin Chousterman, Dragosmarius Ciocan, Ada Clarke, Gaëlle Clavere, Florian Clavier, Karine Clement, Sebastien Clerc, Yves Cohen, Fleur Cohen, Adrien Cohen, Audrey Coilly, Hester Colboc, Pauline Colin, Magalie Collet, Chloé Comarmond, Emeline Combacon, Alain Combes, Celine Comparon, Jean-Michel Constantin, Hugues Cordel, Anne-Gael Cordier, Adrien Costantini, Nathalie Costedoat Chalumeau, Camille Couffignal, Doriane Coupeau, Alain Creange, Yannie Cuvillier Lamarre, Charlène Da Silveira, Sandrine Dautheville Guibal El Kayani, Nathalie De Castro, Yann De Rycke, Lucie Del Pozo, Quentin Delannoy, Mathieu Delay, Robin Deleris, Juliette Delforge, Laëtitia Delphine, Noemie Demare, Sophie Demeret, Alexandre Demoule, Aurore Deniau, François Depret, Sophie Derolez, Ouda Derradji, Nawal Derridj, Vincent Descamps, Lydia Deschamps, Celine Desconclois, Cyrielle Desnos, Karine Desongins, Robin Dhote, Benjamin Diallo, Morgane Didier, Myriam Diemer, Stephane Diez, Juliette Djadi-Prat, Fatima-Zohra Djamouri Monnory, Siham Djebara, Naoual Djebra, Minette Djietcheu, Hadjer Djillali, Nouara Djouadi, Severine Donneger, Catarina Dos Santos, Nathalie Dournon, Martin Dres, Laura Droctove, Marie Drogrey, Margot Dropy, Elodie Drouet, Valérie Dubosq, Evelyne Dubreucq, Estelle Dubus, Boris Duchemann, Thibault Duchenoy, Emmanuel Dudoignon, Romain Dufau, Florence Dumas, Clara Duran, Emmanuelle Duron, Antoine Durrbach, Claudine Duvivier, Nathan Ebstein, Jihane El Khalifa, Alexandre Elabbadi, Caroline Elie, Gabriel Ernotte, Anne Esling, Martin Etienne, Xavier Eyer, Muriel Sarah Fartoukh, Takoua Fayali, Marion Fermaut, Arianna Fiorentino, Souha Fliss, Marie-Céline Fournier, Benjamin Fournier, Hélène Francois, Olivia Freynet, Yvann Frigout, Isaure Fromont, Axelle Fuentes, Thomas Furet, Joris Galand, Marc Garnier, Agnes Gaubert, Stéphane Gaudry, Samuel Gaugain, Damien Gauthier, Maxime Gautier, Sophie Georgin-Lavialle, Daniela Geromin, Mohamed Ghalayini, Bijan Ghaleh, Myriam Ghezal, Aude Gibelin, Linda Gimeno, Benoit Girard, Bénédicte Giroux Leprieur, Doryan Gomes, Elisabete Gomes-Pires, Anne Gouge, Amel Gouja, Helene Goulet, Sylvain Goupil, Jeanne Goupil De Bouille, Julien Gras, Segolene Greffe, Lamiae Grimaldi, Paul Guedeney, Bertrand Guidet, Matthias Guillo, Mariechristelle Gulczynski, Tassadit Hadjam, Didier Haguenauer, Soumeya Hammal, Nadjib Hammoudi, Olivier Hanon, Anarole Harrois, Coraline Hautem, Guillaume Hekimian, Nicholas Heming, Olivier Hermine, Sylvie Ho, Marie Houllier, Benjamin Huot, Tessa Huscenot, Wafa Ibn Saied, Ghilas Ikherbane, Meriem Imarazene, Patrick Ingiliz, Lina Iratni, Stephane Jaureguiberry, Jean-Francois Jean-Marc, Deleena Jeyarajasingham, Pauline Jouany, Veronique Jouis, Clement Jourdaine, Ouifiya Kafif, Rim Kallala, Sandrine Katsahian, Lilit Kelesyan, Vixra Keo, Flora Ketz, Warda Khamis, Enfel Khelili, Mehdi Khellaf, Christy Gaëlla Kotokpo Youkou, Ilias Kounis, Gaelle Kpalma, Jessica Krause, Vincent Labbe, Karine Lacombe, Jean-Marc Lacorte, Anne Gaelle Lafont, Emmanuel Lafont, Lynda Lagha, Lionel Lamhaut, Aymeric Lancelot, Cecilia Landman, Fanny Lanternier, Cecile Larcheveque, Caroline Lascoux Combe, Ludovic Lassel, Benjamin Laverdant, Christophe Lavergne, Jean-Rémi Lavillegrand, Pompilia Lazureanu, Loïc Le Guennec, Lamia Leberre, Claire Leblanc, Marion Leboyer, Francois Lecomte, Marine Lecorre, Romain Leenhardt, Marylou Lefebvre, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Paul Legendre, Anne Leger, Laurence Legros, Justyna Legrosse, Sébastien Lehuunghia, Julien Lemarec, Jeremie Leporrier-Ext, Manon Lesein, Hubert Lesur, Vincent Levy, Albert Levy, Edwige Lopes, Amanda Lopes, Vanessa Lopez, Julien Lopinto, Olivier Lortholary, Badr Louadah, Bénédicte Loze, Marie-Laure Lucas, Axelle Lucasamichi, Liem Binh Luong, Arouna Magazimama-Ext, David Maingret, Lakhdar Mameri, Philippe Manivet, Cylia Mansouri, Estelle Marcault, Jonathan Marey, Nathalie Marin, Clémence Marois, Olivier Martin, Lou Martineau, Cannelle Martinez-Lopez, Pierre Martyniuck, Pauline Mary De Farcy, Nessrine Marzouk, Rafik Masmoudi, Alexandre Mebazaa, Frédéric Mechai, Fabio Mecozzi, Chamseddine Mediouni, Bruno Megarbane, Mohamed Meghadecha, Élodie Mejean, Arsene Mekinian, Nour Mekki Abdelhadi, Rania Mekni, Thinhinan Sabrina Meliti, Breno Melo Lima, Paris Meng, Soraya Merbah, Fadhila Messani, Yasmine Messaoudi, Baboo-Irwinsingh Mewasing, Lydia Meziane, Carole Michelot-Burger, Françoise Mignot, Fadi Hillary Minka, Makoto Miyara, Pierre Moine, Jean-Michel Molina, Anaïs Montegnies-Boulet, Alexandra Monti, Claire Montlahuc, Anne-Lise Montout, Alexandre Moores, Caroline Morbieu, Helene Mortelette, Stéphane Mouly, Rosita Muzaffar, Cherifa Iness Nacerddine, Marine Nadal, Hajer Nadif, Kladoum Nassarmadji, Pierre Natella, Sandrine Ndingamondze, Stefan Neraal, Caroline Nguyen, Bao N'Guyen, Isabelle Nion Larmurier, Luc Nlomenyengue, Nicolas Noel, Hilario Nunes, Edris Omar, Zineb Ouazene, Elise Ouedraogo, Wassila Ouelaa, Anissa Oukhedouma, Yasmina Ould Amara, Herve Oya, Johanna Oziel, Thomas Padilla, Elena Paillaud, Solenne Paiva, Beatrice Parfait, Perrine Parize, Christophe Parizot, Antoine Parrot, Arthur Pavot, Laetitia Peaudecerf, Frédéric Pene, Marion Pepin, Julie Pernet, Claire Pernin, Mylène Petit, Olivier Peyrony, Marie-Pierre Pietri, Olivia Pietri, Marc Pineton De Chambrun, Michelle Pinson, Claire Pintado, Valentine Piquard, Christine Pires, Benjamin Planquette, Sandrine Poirier, Anne-Laure Pomel, Stéphanie Pons, Diane Ponscarme, Annegaelle Pourcelot, Valérie Pourcher, Anne Pouvaret, Florian Prever, Miresta Previlon, Margot Prevost, Marie-Julie Provoost, Cyril Quemeneur, Cédric Rafat, Agathe Rami, Brigitte Ranque, Maurice Raphael, Jean Herle Raphalen, Anna Rastoin, Mathieu Raux, Amani Rebai, Michael Reby, Alexis Regent, Asma Regrag, Matthieu Resche-Rigon, Quentin Ressaire, Christian Richard, Mariecaroline Richard, Maxence Robert, Benjamin Rohaut, Camille Rolland-Debord, Jacques Ropers, Anne-Marie Roque-Afonso, Charlotte Rosso, Mélanie Rousseaux, Nabila Rousseaux, Swasti Roux, Lorène Roux, Claire Rouzaud, Antoine Rozes, Emma Rubenstein, Jean-Marc Sabate, Sheila Sabet, Sophie-Caroline Sacleux, Nathalie Saidenberg Kermanach, Faouzi Saliba, Dominique Salmon, Laurent Savale, Guillaume Savary, Rebecca Sberro, Anne Scemla, Frederic Schlemmer, Mathieu Schwartz, Saïd Sedfi, Samia Sefir-Kribel, Philippe Seksik, Pierre Sellier, Agathe Selves, Nicole Sembach, Luca Semerano, Marie-Victoire Senat, Damien Sene, Alexandra Serris, Lucile Sese, Naima Sghiouar, Johanna Sigaux, Martin Siguier, Johanne Silvain, Noémie Simon, Tabassome Simon, Lina Innes Skandri, Miassa Slimani, Aurélie Snauwaert, Harry Sokol, Heithem Soliman, Nisrine Soltani, Benjamin Soyer, Gabriel Steg, Lydia Suarez, Tali-Anne Szwebel, Kossi Taffame, Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte, Claire Tantet, Mariagrazia Tateo, Igor Theodose, Pierre clement Thiebaud, Caroline Thomas, Kelly Tiercelet, Julie Tisserand, Carole Tomczak, Krystel Torelino, Fatima Touam-Ext, Lilia Toumi, Gustave Toury, Mireille Toy-Miou, Olivia Tran Dinh Thanh Lien, Alexy Trandinh, Jean-Marc Treluyer, Baptiste Trinque, Jennifer Truchot, Sarah Tubiana, Simone Tunesi, Matthieu Turpin, Agathe Turpin, Tomas Urbina, Rafael Usubillaga Narvaez, Yurdagul Uzunhan, Prabakar Vaittinadaayar, Arnaud Valent, Maelle Valentian, Nadia Valin, Hélène Vallet, Marina Vaz, Miguel-Alejandro Vazquezibarra, Benoit Vedie, Laetitia Velly, Celine Verstuyft, Cedric Viallette, Eric Vicaut, Dorothee Vignes, Damien Vimpere, Myriam Virlouvet, Guillaume Voiriot, Lena Voisot, Emmanuel Weiss, Nicolas Weiss, Anaïs Winchenne, Youri Yordanov, Lara Zafrani, Mohamad Zaidan, Wissem Zaidi, Cathia Zak, Aida Zarhrate-Ghoul, Ouassila Zatout, Suzanne Zeino, Michel Zeitouni, Naïma Zemirli, Lorene Zerah, Ounsa Zia, Marianne Ziol, Oceane Zolario, Julien Zuber, Claire Andrejak, François Angoulvant, Delphine Bachelet, Marie Bartoli, Romain Basmaci, Sylvie Behillil, Marine Beluze, Dehbia Benkerrou, Krishna Bhavsar, Lila Bouadma, Sabelline Bouchez, Maude Bouscambert, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Anissa Chair, Catherine Chirouze, Alexandra Coelho, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Eric d’Ortenzio, Marie-Pierre Debray, Laurene Deconinck, Dominique Deplanque, Diane Descamps, Mathilde Desvallée, Alpha Diallo, Alphonsine Diouf, Céline Dorival, François Dubos, Brigitte Elharrar, Vincent Enouf, Hélène Esperou, Marina Esposito-Farese, Manuel Etienne, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Nathalie Gault, Alexandre Gaymard, Tristan Gigante, Morgane Gilg, Jérémie Guedj, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Ikram Houas, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Salma Jaafoura, Florentia Kaguelidou, Sabrina Kali, Antoine Khalil, Coralie Khan, Cédric Laouénan, Samira Laribi, Minh Le, Quentin Le Hingrat, Soizic Le Mestre, Hervé Le Nagard, François-Xavier Lescure, Sophie Letrou, Yves Levy, Bruno Lina, Guillaume Lingas, Jean-Christophe Lucet, Denis Malvy, Marina Mambert, Amina Meziane, Hugo Mouquet, Jimmy Mullaert, Nadège Neant, Duc Nguyen, Marion Noret, Saad Nseir, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Christelle Paul, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Thomas Perpoint, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Gilles Peytavin, Huong Pham, Olivier Picone, Oriane Puéchal, Christian Rabaud, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Bénédicte Rossignol, Patrick Rossignol, Carine Roy, Marion Schneider, Richa Su, Coralie Tardivon, Marie-Capucine Tellier, François Téoulé, Olivier Terrier, Jean-François Timsit, Christelle Tual, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Noémie Vanel, Aurélie Veislinger, Benoit Visseaux, Aurélie Wiedemann, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Loubna Alavoine, Charlotte Charpentier, Aline Dechanet, Jean-Luc Ecobichon, Wahiba Frezouls, Nadhira Houhou, Jonathan Lehacaut, Pauline Manchon, Mariama Nouroudine, Caroline Quintin, Michael Thy, Sylvie van der Werf, Valérie Vignali, Abir Chahine, Nawal Waucquier, Maria-Claire Migaud, Félix Djossou, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Aude Lucarelli, Magalie Demar, Léa Bruneau, Patrick Gérardin, Adrien Maillot, Christine Payet, Bruno Laviolle, Fabrice Laine, Christophe Paris, Mireille Desille-Dugast, Julie Fouchard, Thierry Pistone, Pauline Perreau, Valérie Gissot, Carole L.E. Goas, Samatha Montagne, Lucie Richard, Kévin Bouiller, Maxime Desmarets, Alexandre Meunier, Marilou Bourgeon, Benjamin Lefévre, Hélène Jeulin, Karine Legrand, Sandra Lomazzi, Bernard Tardy, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Frédérique Bertholon, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Christelle Kouakam, Leturque Nicolas, Layidé Roufai, Karine Amat, Hélène Espérou, Samia Hendou, Giuseppe Foti, Giuseppe Citerio, Ernesto Contro, Alberto Pesci, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Marina Cazzaniga, Giacomo Bellani, Jorge Abad, Giulia Accordino, Micol Angelini, Sergio Aguilera-Albesa, Aina Aguiló-Cucurull, Esra Akyüz Özkan, Ilad Alavi Darazam, Jonathan Antonio Roblero Albisures, Juan C. Aldave, Miquel Alfonso Ramos, Taj Ali Khan, Anna Aliberti, Seyed Alireza Nadji, Gulsum Alkan, Suzan A. AlKhater, Jerome Allardet-Servent, Luis M. Allende, Rebeca Alonso-Arias, Mohammed S. Alshahrani, Laia Alsina, Zahir Amoura, Arnau Antolí, Romain Arrestier, Mélodie Aubart, Teresa Auguet, Iryna Avramenko, Gökhan Aytekin, Axelle Azot, Seiamak Bahram, Fanny Bajolle, Fausto Baldanti, Aurélie Baldolli, Maite Ballester, Benoit Barrou, Federica Barzaghi, Sabrina Basso, Gulsum Iclal Bayhan, Liliana Bezrodnik, Agurtzane Bilbao, Geraldine Blanchard-Rohner, Ignacio Blanco, Adeline Blandinières, Daniel Blázquez-Gamero, Marketa Bloomfield, Mireia Bolivar-Prados, Raphael Borie, Elisabeth Botdhlo-Nevers, Aurore Bousquet, David Boutolleau, Claire Bouvattier, Oksana Boyarchuk, Juliette Bravais, M. Luisa Briones, Marie-Eve Brunner, Raffaele Bruno, Maria Rita P. Bueno, Huda Bukhari, Jacinta Bustamante, Juan José Cáceres Agra, Ruggero Capra, Raphael Carapito, Maria Carrabba, Carlos Casasnovas, Marion Caseris, Irene Cassaniti, Martin Castelle, Francesco Castelli, Martín Castillo de Vera, Mateus V. Castro, Emilie Catherinot, Jale Bengi Celik, Alessandro Ceschi, Martin Chalumeau, Bruno Charbit, Cécile Boulanger, Père Clavé, Bonaventura Clotet, Anna Codina, Cloé Comarmond, Patrizia Comoli, Angelo G. Corsico, Taner Coşkuner, Aleksandar Cvetkovski, Cyril Cyrus, David Dalmau, François Danion, David Ross Darley, Vincent Das, Nicolas Dauby, Stéphane Dauger, Paul De Munte, Loic de Pontual, Amin Dehban, Geoffroy Delplancq, Isabelle Desguerre, Antonio Di Sabatino, Jean-Luc Diehl, Stephanie Dobbelaere, Elena Domínguez-Garrido, Clément Dubost, Olov Ekwall, Şefika Elmas Bozdemir, Marwa H. Elnagdy, Melike Emiroglu, Akifumi Endo, Emine Hafize Erdeniz, Selma Erol Aytekin, Maria Pilar Etxart Lasa, Romain Euvrard, Giovanna Fabio, Laurence Faivre, Antonin Falck, Muriel Fartoukh, Morgane Faure, Miguel Fernandez Arquero, Ricard Ferrer, Jose Ferreres, Bruno Francois, Victoria Fumadó, Kitty S.C. Fung, Francesca Fusco, Alenka Gagro, Blanca Garcia Solis, Pierre Garçon, Pascale Gaussem, Zeynep Gayretli, Juana Gil-Herrera, Laurent Gilardin, Audrey Giraud Gatineau, Mònica Girona-Alarcón, Karen Alejandra Cifuentes Godínez, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Nacho Gonzales, Luis I. Gonzalez-Granado, Rafaela González-Montelongo, Antoine Guerder, Belgin Gülhan, Victor Daniel Gumucio, Leif Gunnar Hanitsch, Jan Gunst, Marta Gut, Jérôme Hadjadj, Selda Hancerli, Tetyana Hariyan, Nevin Hatipoglu, Deniz Heppekcan, Elisa Hernandez-Brito, Po-ki Ho, María Soledad Holanda-Peña, Juan P. Horcajada, Sami Hraiech, Linda Humbert, Ivan F.N. Hung, Alejandro D. Iglesias, Antonio Íñigo-Campos, Matthieu Jamme, María Jesús Arranz, Marie-Thérèse Jimeno, Iolanda Jordan, Saliha Kanık-Yüksek, Yalcin Kara, Aydın Karahan, Adem Karbuz, Kadriye Kart Yasar, Ozgur Kasapcopur, Kenichi Kashimada, Sevgi Keles, Yasemin Kendir Demirkol, Yasutoshi Kido, Can Kizil, Ahmet Osman Kılıç, Adam Klocperk, Antonia Koutsoukou, Zbigniew J. Król, Hatem Ksouri, Paul Kuentz, Arthur M.C. Kwan, Yat Wah M. Kwan, Janette S.Y. Kwok, Jean-Christophe Lagier, David S.Y. Lam, Vicky Lampropoulou, Fleur Le Bourgeois, Yee-Sin Leo, Rafael Leon Lopez, Daniel Leung, Michael Levin, Michael Levy, Romain Lévy, Zhi Li, Daniele Lilleri, Edson Jose Adrian Bolanos Lima, Agnes Linglart, Eduardo López-Collazo, José M. Lorenzo-Salazar, Céline Louapre, Catherine Lubetzki, Kwok-Cheung Lung, Charles-Edouard Luyt, David C. Lye, Cinthia Magnone, Enrico Marchioni, Carola Marioli, Majid Marjani, Laura Marques, Jesus Marquez Pereira, Andrea Martín-Nalda, David Martínez Pueyo, Javier Martinez-Picado, Iciar Marzana, Carmen Mata-Martínez, Alexis Mathian, Larissa R.B. Matos, Gail V. Matthews, Julien Mayaux, Raquel McLaughlin-Garcia, Philippe Meersseman, Jean-Louis Mège, Armand Mekontso-Dessap, Isabelle Melki, Federica Meloni, Jean-François Meritet, Paolo Merlani, Özge Metin Akcan, Mehdi Mezidi, Isabelle Migeotte, Maude Millereux, Matthieu Million, Tristan Mirault, Clotilde Mircher, Mehdi Mirsaeidi, Yoko Mizoguchi, Bhavi P. Modi, Francesco Mojoli, Elsa Moncomble, Abián Montesdeoca Melián, Antonio Morales Martinez, Francisco Morandeira, Pierre-Emmanuel Morange, Clémence Mordacq, Guillaume Morelle, Stéphane J. Mouly, Adrián Muñoz-Barrera, Cyril Nafati, Shintaro Nagashima, Yu Nakagama, Bénédicte Neven, João Farela Neves, Yuk-Yung Ng, Hubert Nielly, Yeray Novoa Medina, Esmeralda Nuñez Cuadros, Semsi Nur Karabela, J. Gonzalo Ocejo-Vinyals, Mehdi Oualha, Amani Ouedrani, Tayfun Özçelik, Aslinur Ozkaya-Parlakay, Michele Pagani, Maria Papadaki, Philippe Parola, Tiffany Pascreau, Stéphane Paul, Estela Paz-Artal, Sigifredo Pedraza, Nancy Carolina González Pellecer, Silvia Pellegrini, Rebeca Pérez de Diego, Xosé Luis Pérez-Fernández, Aurélien Philippe, Quentin Philippot, Adrien Picod, Marc Pineton de Chambrun, Antonio Piralla, Laura Planas-Serra, Dominique Ploin, Julien Poissy, Géraldine Poncelet, Garyphallia Poulakou, Marie S. Pouletty, Persia Pourshahnazari, Jia Li Qiu-Chen, Paul Quentric, Thomas Rambaud, Didier Raoult, Violette Raoult, Anne-Sophie Rebillat, Claire Redin, Léa Resmini, Pilar Ricart, Jean-Christophe Richard, Raúl Rigo-Bonnin, Nadia Rivet, Jacques G. Rivière, Gemma Rocamora-Blanch, Mathieu P. Rodero, Carlos Rodrigo, Luis Antonio Rodriguez, Carlos Rodriguez-Gallego, Agustí Rodriguez-Palmero, Carolina Soledad Romero, Anya Rothenbuhler, Damien Roux, Nikoletta Rovina, Flore Rozenberg, Yvon Ruch, Montse Ruiz, Maria Yolanda Ruiz del Prado, Juan Carlos Ruiz-Rodriguez, Joan Sabater-Riera, Kai Saks, Maria Salagianni, Oliver Sanchez, Adrián Sánchez-Montalvá, Silvia Sánchez-Ramón, Laire Schidlowski, Agatha Schluter, Julien Schmidt, Matthieu Schmidt, Catharina Schuetz, Cyril E. Schweitzer, Francesco Scolari, Luis Seijo, Analia Gisela Seminario, Piseth Seng, Sevtap Senoglu, Mikko Seppänen, Alex Serra Llovich, Virginie Siguret, Eleni Siouti, David M. Smadja, Nikaia Smith, Ali Sobh, Xavier Solanich, Jordi Solé-Violán, Catherine Soler, Betül Sözeri, Giulia Maria Stella, Yuriy Stepanovskiy, Annabelle Stoclin, Fabio Taccone, Jean-Luc Taupin, Simon J. Tavernier, Loreto Vidaur Tello, Benjamin Terrier, Guillaume Thiery, Karolina Thorn, Caroline Thumerelle, Imran Tipu, Martin Tolstrup, Gabriele Tomasoni, Julie Toubiana, Josep Trenado Alvarez, Vasiliki Triantafyllia, Jesús Troya, Owen T.Y. Tsang, Liina Tserel, Eugene Y.K. Tso, Alessandra Tucci, Şadiye Kübra Tüter Öz, Matilde Valeria Ursini, Takanori Utsumi, Pierre Vabres, Juan Valencia-Ramos, Ana Maria Van Den Rym, Isabelle Vandernoot, Valentina Velez-Santamaria, Silvia Patricia Zuniga Veliz, Mateus C. Vidigal, Sébastien Viel, Cédric Villain, Marie E. Vilaire-Meunier, Judit Villar-García, Audrey Vincent, Dimitri Van der Linden, Alla Volokha, Fanny Vuotto, Els Wauters, Alan K.L. Wu, Tak-Chiu Wu, Aysun Yahşi, Osman Yesilbas, Mehmet Yildiz, Barnaby E. Young, Ufuk Yükselmiş, Marco Zecca, Valentina Zuccaro, Jens Van Praet, Bart N. Lambrecht, Eva Van Braeckel, Cédric Bosteels, Levi Hoste, Eric Hoste, Fré Bauters, Jozefien De Clercq, Catherine Heijmans, Hans Slabbynck, Leslie Naesens, Benoit Florkin, Mary-Anne Young, Amanda Willis, Paloma Lapuente-Suanzes, Ana de Andrés-Martín, Matilda Berkell, Valerio Carelli, Alessia Fiorentino, Surbhi Malhotra, Alessandro Mattiaccio, Tommaso Pippucci, Marco Seri, Evelina Tacconelli, Michiel van Agtmael, Anne Geke Algera, Brent Appelman, Frank van Baarle, Diane Bax, Martijn Beudel, Harm Jan Bogaard, Marije Bomers, Peter Bonta, Lieuwe Bos, Michela Botta, Justin de Brabander, Godelieve de Bree, Sanne de Bruin, David T.P. Buis, Marianna Bugiani, Esther Bulle, Osoul Chouchane, Alex Cloherty, Mirjam Dijkstra, Dave A. Dongelmans, Romein W.G. Dujardin, Paul Elbers, Lucas Fleuren, Suzanne Geerlings, Theo Geijtenbeek, Armand Girbes, Bram Goorhuis, Martin P. Grobusch, Florianne Hafkamp, Laura Hagens, Jorg Hamann, Vanessa Harris, Robert Hemke, Sabine M. Hermans, Leo Heunks, Markus Hollmann, Janneke Horn, Joppe W. Hovius, Menno D. de Jong, Rutger Koning, Endry H.T. Lim, Niels van Mourik, Jeaninne Nellen, Esther J. Nossent, Frederique Paulus, Edgar Peters, Dan A.I. Pina-Fuentes, Tom van der Poll, Bennedikt Preckel, Jan M. Prins, Jorinde Raasveld, Tom Reijnders, Maurits C.F. J. de Rotte, Michiel Schinkel, Marcus J. Schultz, Femke A.P. Schrauwen, Alex Schuurmans, Jaap Schuurmans, Kim Sigaloff, Marleen A. Slim, Patrick Smeele, Marry Smit, Cornelis S. Stijnis, Willemke Stilma, Charlotte Teunissen, Patrick Thoral, Anissa M. Tsonas, Pieter R. Tuinman, Marc van der Valk, Denise P. Veelo, Carolien Volleman, Heder de Vries, Lonneke A. Vught, Michèle van Vugt, Dorien Wouters, A.H. Zwinderman, Matthijs C. Brouwer, W. Joost Wiersinga, Alexander P.J. Vlaar, Miranda F. Tompkins, Camille Alba, Daniel N. Hupalo, John Rosenberger, Gauthaman Sukumar, Matthew D. Wilkerson, Xijun Zhang, Justin Lack, Andrew J. Oler, Kerry Dobbs, Ottavia M. Delmonte, Jeffrey J. Danielson, Andrea Biondi, Laura Rachele Bettini, Mariella D’Angiò, Ilaria Beretta, Luisa Imberti, Alessandra Sottini, Virginia Quaresima, Eugenia Quiros-Roldan, Camillo Rossi, Riccardo Castagnoli, Daniela Montagna, Amelia Licari, and Gian Luigi Marseglia

Subjects
HLA, association, asymptomatic infection, COVID-19, population stratification, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Summary: Human genetic studies of critical COVID-19 pneumonia have revealed the essential role of type I interferon-dependent innate immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conversely, an association between the HLA-B∗15:01 allele and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated individuals was recently reported, suggesting a contribution of pre-existing T cell-dependent adaptive immunity. We report a lack of association of classical HLA alleles, including HLA-B∗15:01, with pre-omicron asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated participants in a prospective population-based study in the United States (191 asymptomatic vs. 945 symptomatic COVID-19 cases). Moreover, we found no such association in the international COVID Human Genetic Effort cohort (206 asymptomatic vs. 574 mild or moderate COVID-19 cases and 1,625 severe or critical COVID-19 cases). Finally, in the Human Challenge Characterisation study, the three HLA-B∗15:01 individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 developed symptoms. As with other acute primary infections studied, no classical HLA alleles favoring an asymptomatic course of SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified.

Published
2024
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31. Clinical coding of long COVID in primary care 2020–2023 in a cohort of 19 million adults: an OpenSAFELY analysisResearch in context

Author

Alasdair D. Henderson, Ben FC. Butler-Cole, John Tazare, Laurie A. Tomlinson, Michael Marks, Mark Jit, Andrew Briggs, Liang-Yu Lin, Oliver Carlile, Chris Bates, John Parry, Sebastian CJ. Bacon, Iain Dillingham, William A. Dennison, Ruth E. Costello, Yinghui Wei, Alex J. Walker, William Hulme, Ben Goldacre, Amir Mehrkar, Brian MacKenna, Emily Herrett, Rosalind M. Eggo, Alex Walker, Amelia Green, Andrea Schaffer, Andrew Brown, Ben Butler-Cole, Caroline Morton, Caroline Walters, Catherine Stables, Christine Cunningham, Christopher Wood, Colm Andrews, David Evans, George Hickman, Helen Curtis, Henry Drysdale, Jessica Morley, Jon Massey, Linda Nab, Lisa Hopcroft, Louis Fisher, Lucy Bridges, Milan Wiedemann, Nicholas DeVito, Orla Macdonald, Peter Inglesby, Rebecca Smith, Richard Croker, Robin Park, Rose Higgins, Sebastian Bacon, Simon Davy, Steven Maude, Thomas O'Dwyer, Tom Ward, Victoria Speed, Liam Hart, Pete Stokes, Krishnan Bhaskaran, Ruth Costello, Thomas Cowling, Ian Douglas, Rosalind Eggo, Stephen Evans, Harriet Forbes, Richard Grieve, Daniel Grint, Sinead Langan, Viyaasan Mahalingasivam, Kathryn Mansfield, Rohini Mathur, Helen McDonald, Edward Parker, Christopher Rentsch, Anna Schultze, Liam Smeeth, Laurie Tomlinson, Jemma Walker, Elizabeth Williamson, Kevin Wing, Angel Wong, Bang Zheng, Christopher Bates, Jonathan Cockburn, Frank Hester, Sam Harper, Shaun O'Hanlon, Alex Eavis, Richard Jarvis, Dima Avramov, Paul Griffiths, Aaron Fowles, Nasreen Parkes, Rafael Perera, David Harrison, Kamlesh Khunti, Jonathan Sterne, and Jennifer Quint

Subjects
Long COVID, Vaccination, Descriptive cohort, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Summary: Background: Long COVID is the patient-coined term for the persistent symptoms of COVID-19 illness for weeks, months or years following the acute infection. There is a large burden of long COVID globally from self-reported data, but the epidemiology, causes and treatments remain poorly understood. Primary care is used to help identify and treat patients with long COVID and therefore Electronic Health Records (EHRs) of past COVID-19 patients could be used to help fill these knowledge gaps. We aimed to describe the incidence and differences in demographic and clinical characteristics in recorded long COVID in primary care records in England. Methods: With the approval of NHS England we used routine clinical data from over 19 million adults in England linked to SARS-COV-2 test result, hospitalisation and vaccination data to describe trends in the recording of 16 clinical codes related to long COVID between November 2020 and January 2023. Using OpenSAFELY, we calculated rates per 100,000 person-years and plotted how these changed over time. We compared crude and adjusted (for age, sex, 9 NHS regions of England, and the dominant variant circulating) rates of recorded long COVID in patient records between different key demographic and vaccination characteristics using negative binomial models. Findings: We identified a total of 55,465 people recorded to have long COVID over the study period, which included 20,025 diagnoses codes and 35,440 codes for further assessment. The incidence of new long COVID records increased steadily over 2021, and declined over 2022. The overall rate per 100,000 person-years was 177.5 cases in women (95% CI: 175.5–179) and 100.5 in men (99.5–102). The majority of those with a long COVID record did not have a recorded positive SARS-COV-2 test 12 or more weeks before the long COVID record. Interpretation: In this descriptive study, EHR recorded long COVID was very low between 2020 and 2023, and incident records of long COVID declined over 2022. Using EHR diagnostic or referral codes unfortunately has major limitations in identifying and ascertaining true cases and timing of long COVID. Funding: This research was supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) (OpenPROMPT: COV-LT2-0073).

Published
2024
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34. Comparing Two Methods for Exploring Consciousness: Descriptive Experience Sampling and Micro-Phenomenological Interviews

Author

Julian L. Bass-Krueger, Elisa G. Wiedemann, and Ema Demšar

Subjects
empirical phenomenology, descriptive experience sampling, micro-phenomenological interviews, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Methods are arising in first-person research aimed for deeper understanding of lived experience. Here we compare two of the most frequently used methods – Descriptive Experience Sampling and the micro phenomenological interview. Both look at short episodes of experience. Both have safeguards to limit biases and distortions from first-person reporting. But these methods are still different in terms of how they deal with memory, questioning, and analysis. We report on an exploratory study that used both methods in the context of a common task. Four participants were interviewed about their experience of a mental imagery task using both methods. Descriptive Experience Sampling results focused more on fine-grained details of visual experiences. micro phenomenological interview results focused more on how experience extended over time, and how participants engaged with the task. These differences in results demonstrate how the applied methods differ in their focus and scope, and present a direction for future comparison, investigation and potential integration of first-person methods.

Published
2024
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35. Detection and Estimation of Gas Sources With Arbitrary Locations Based on Poisson's Equation

Author

Dmitriy Shutin, Thomas Wiedemann, and Patrick Hinsen

Subjects
Adjoint state method, PDE constrained optimization, sparse Bayesian learning, super-resolution sparsity, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract

Accurate estimation of the number and locations of dispersed material sources is critical for optimal disaster response in Chemical, Biological, Radiological, or Nuclear accidents. This paper introduces a novel approach to Gas Source Localization that uses sparse Bayesian learning adapted to models based on Partial Differential Equations for modeling gas dynamics. Using the method of Green's functions and the adjoint state method, a gradient-based optimization with respect to source locations is derived, allowing superresolving (arbitrary) source locations. By combing the latter with sparse Bayesian learning, a sparse source support can be identified, thus indirectly assessing the number of sources. Simulation results and comparisons with classical sparse estimators for linear models demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The proposed sparsity-constrained gas source localization method offers thus a flexible solution for disaster response and robotic exploration in hazardous environments.

Published
2024
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36. Transcriptional profiling upon T cell stimulation reveals down-regulation of inflammatory pathways in T and B cells in SLE versus Sjögren’s syndrome

Author

Gino Kwon, Annika Wiedemann, Lisa M. Steinheuer, Ana-Luisa Stefanski, Franziska Szelinski, Tomas Racek, Andreas Philipp Frei, Klas Hatje, Tony Kam-Thong, David Schubert, Thomas Schindler, Thomas Dörner, and Kevin Thurley

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) share clinical as well as pathogenic similarities. Although previous studies suggest various abnormalities in different immune cell compartments, dedicated cell-type specific transcriptomic signatures are often masked by patient heterogeneity. Here, we performed transcriptional profiling of isolated CD4, CD8, CD16 and CD19 lymphocytes from pSS and SLE patients upon T cell stimulation, in addition to a steady-state condition directly after blood drawing, in total comprising 581 sequencing samples. T cell stimulation, which induced a pronounced inflammatory response in all four cell types, gave rise to substantial re-modulation of lymphocyte subsets in the two autoimmune diseases compared to healthy controls, far exceeding the transcriptomic differences detected at steady-state. In particular, we detected cell-type and disease-specific down-regulation of a range of pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine pathways. Such differences between SLE and pSS patients are instrumental for selective immune targeting by future therapies.

Published
2023
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37. The Optimization of the Osborne Extraction Method for the Fractionation and Characterization of Oat Proteins

Author

Sorel Tchewonpi Sagu, Lara Talea Wiedemann, Kapil Nichani, Andrea Henze, and Harshadrai M. Rawel

Subjects
oat, allergenic proteins, fractionation, optimization, characterization, mass spectrometry, Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

The growing number of wheat-related allergies worldwide has resulted in a new trend towards gluten-free alternatives. In this context, alternative cereals such as sorghum and oats are attracting new interest. Given the limited data available, the question of whether these cereals are completely safe and gluten-free for allergy sufferers remains open. One of the key steps in protein research is their efficient extraction. In this work, the Osborne sequential extraction method was developed and optimized using the response surface methodology in order to fractionate oat proteins. An optimized desirability of 0.986 was achieved with an extraction time of 4.7 min, a speed of 6, and a sample/solvent ratio of 5. The corresponding optimized responses were 8.7, 4.0, and 5.1% for the extraction yields of the avenin, avenalin, and albumin/globulin fractions, respectively. Further characterization of the extracts was carried out on 24 homogeneous and commercial oat samples via LC-MS/MS, targeting six potentially allergenic proteins. The avenin-E protein featured prominently, with relative contents of 60.7, 32.2, 58.0, and 59.8% in the total extract, avenin, avenalin, and albumin/globulin fractions, respectively, while the Avenin-3, ATI-2, avenin, SSG2, and SSG1 proteins in the total extract showed levels of 16.4, 9.3, 6.6, 4.8, and 2.2%, respectively. The preliminary results of an ELISA performed on the different fractions revealed low levels of gluten (from 1.24 ± 0.14 to 3.61 ± 0.16 mg/kg), which were well below the threshold limit of 20 mg/kg. These results support the hypothesis that oats can be a safe food for people suffering from cereal-related allergies. These results open the door to further studies into the comprehensive characterization of oat proteins.

Published
2024
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38. Raman Spectroscopy of Optically Trapped Living Human T Cell Subsets and Monocytes

Author

Martin Nötzel, Maria Mahamid, Romy Kronstein-Wiedemann, Tjalf Ziemssen, and Katja Akgün

Subjects
Raman spectroscopy, T cells, CD4, CD8, monocytes, optical trapping, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

In recent years, Raman spectroscopy has garnered growing interest in the field of biomedical research. It offers a non-invasive and label-free approach to defining the molecular fingerprint of immune cells. We utilized Raman spectroscopy on optically trapped immune cells to investigate their molecular compositions. While numerous immune cell types have been studied in the past, the characterization of living human CD3/CD28-stimulated T cell subsets remains incomplete. In this study, we demonstrate the capability of Raman spectroscopy to readily distinguish between naïve and stimulated CD4 and CD8 cells. Additionally, we compared these cells with monocytes and discovered remarkable similarities between stimulated T cells and monocytes. This paper contributes to expanding our knowledge of Raman spectroscopy of immune cells and serves as a launching point for future clinical applications.

Published
2024
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39. Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients admitted to hospital with and without respiratory symptoms

Author

Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Christiana Kartsonaki, Elsa D. Ibáñez-Prada, Bronner P. Gonçalves, Joaquin Baruch, Martina Escher, Mark G. Pritchard, Jia Wei, Fred Philippy, Andrew Dagens, Matthew Hall, James Lee, Demetrios James Kutsogiannis, Evert-Jan Wils, Marília Andreia Fernandes, Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Prasan Kumar Panda, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Peter Horby, Jake Dunning, Jordi Rello, Laura Merson, Amanda Rojek, Michel Vaillant, Piero Olliaro, Luis Felipe Reyes, S.A. Moharam, Sabriya Abdalasalam, Alaa Abdalfattah Abdalhadi, Naana Reyam Abdalla, Walaa Abdalla, Almthani Hamza Abdalrheem, Ashraf Abdalsalam, Saedah Abdeewi, Esraa Hassan Abdelgaum, Mohamed Abdelhalim, Mohammed Abdelkabir, Israa Abdelrahman, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Lamees Adil Abdulbaqi, Salaheddin Abdulhamid, Widyan Abdulhamid, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Eman Abdulwahed, Rawad Abdunabi, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Ahmed Mohammed Abodina, Amal Abrous, Lara Absil, Kamal Abu Jabal, Nashat Abu Salah, Abdurraouf Abusalama, Tareg Abdallah Abuzaid, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Elisabeth Adam, Safia Adem, Manuella Ademnou, Francisca Adewhajah, Diana Adrião, Anthony Afum-Adjei Awuah, Melvin Agbogbatey, Saleh Al Ageel, Aya Mustafa Ahmed, Musaab Mohammed Ahmed, Shakeel Ahmed, Zainab Ahmed Alaraji, Abdulrahman Ahmed Elhefnawy Enan, Reham Abdelhamid Ahmed Khalil, Ali Mostafa Ahmed Mohamed Abdelaziz, Kate Ainscough, Eka Airlangga, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Aisha, Bugila Aisha, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Chika Akwani, Eman Al Qasim, Ahmed Alajeeli, Ahmed Alali, Razi Alalqam, Aliya Mohammed Alameen, Mohammed Al-Aquily, Zinah A. Alaraji, Khalid Albakry, Safa Albatni, Angela Alberti, Osama Aldabbourosama, Tala Al-dabbous, Amer Aldhalia, Abdulkarim Aldoukali, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Asil Alflite, Huda Alfoudri, Qamrah Alhadad, Hoda Salem Alhaddad, Maali Khalid Mohamed Abdalla Alhasan, Ahmad Nabil Alhouri, Hasan Alhouri, Adam Ali, Imran Ali, Maha TagElser Mohammed Ali, Syed Ali Abbas, Yomna Ali Abdelghafar, Naseem Ali Sheikh, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Mahmoud Aljadi, Sarah Aljamal, Mohammed Alkahlout, Akram Alkaseek, Qabas Alkhafajee, Clotilde Allavena, Nathalie Allou, Lana Almasri, Abdulrahman Almjersah, Raja Ahmed Alqandouz, Walaa Alrfaea, Moayad Alrifaee, Rawan Alsaadi, Yousef Al-Saba'a, Entisar Alshareea, Eslam Alshenawy, Aneela Altaf, João Melo Alves, João Alves, Rita Alves, Joana Alves Cabrita, Maria Amaral, Amro Essam Amer, Nur Amira, Amos Amoako Adusei, John Amuasi, Roberto Andini, Claire Andrejak, Andrea Angheben, François Angoulvant, Sophia Ankrah, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Massimo Antonelli, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Ardiyan Apriyana, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Francisco Arancibia, Carolline Araujo, Antonio Arcadipane, Patrick Archambault, Lukas Arenz, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Christel Arnold-Day, Lovkesh Arora, Rakesh Arora, Elise Artaud-Macari, Diptesh Aryal, Angel Asensio, Elizabeth A. Ashley, Muhammad Ashraf, Muhammad Sheharyar Ashraf, Abir Ben Ashur, Franklin Asiedu-Bekoe, Namra Asif, Mohammad Asim, Grace Assi, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Fouda Atangana, Ahmed Atia, Minahel Atif, Asia Atif Abdelrhman Abdallahrs, Anika Atique, Moad Atlowly, AM Udara Lakshan Attanyake, Johann Auchabie, Hugues Aumaitre, Adrien Auvet, Abdelmalek Awad Ali Mohammed, Eyvind W. Axelsen, Ared Ayad, Ahmed Ayman Hassan Helmi, Laurène Azemar, Mohammed Azizeldin, Cecile Azoulay, Hakeem Babatunde, Benjamin Bach, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Roar Bævre-Jensen, Nadia Baig, John Kenneth Baillie, J Kevin Baird, Erica Bak, Agamemnon Bakakos, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Hibah Bileid Bakeer, Ashraf Bakri, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Irene Bandoh, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S. Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Joaquín Baruch, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, AbdAlkarim Batool, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Abigail Beane, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Husna Begum, Sylvie Behilill, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Lamis Berdeweel, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, Krishna Bhavsar, Isabella Bianchi, Claudia Bianco, Sandra Bichoka, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Felwa Bin Humaid, Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, Muhannud Binnawara, Zeno Bisoffi, Patrick Biston, Laurent Bitker, Mustapha Bittaye, Jonathan Bitton, Pablo Blanco-Schweizer, Catherine Blier, Frank Bloos, Mathieu Blot, Filomena Boccia, Laetitia Bodenes, Debby Bogaert, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Ariel Bolanga, Isabela Bolaños, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, François Bompart, Aurelius Bonifasius, Joe Bonney, Diogo Borges, Raphaël Borie, Hans Martin Bosse, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Lila Bouadma, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Damien Bouhour, Kévin Bouiller, Laurence Bouillet, Camile Bouisse, Latsaniphone Bountthasavong, Anne-Sophie Boureau, John Bourke, Maude Bouscambert, Aurore Bousquet, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Maria Boylan, Fernando Augusto Bozza, Axelle Braconnier, Cynthia Braga, Timo Brandenburger, Filipa Brás Monteiro, Luca Brazzi, Dorothy Breen, Patrick Breen, David Brewster, Kathy Brickell, Tessa Broadley, Helen Brotherton, Alex Browne, Nicolas Brozzi, Sonja Hjellegjerde Brunvoll, Marjolein Brusse-Keizer, Petra Bryda, Nina Buchtele, Polina Bugaeva, Marielle Buisson, Danilo Buonsenso, Erlina Burhan, Donald Buri, Aidan Burrell, Ingrid G. Bustos, Denis Butnaru, André Cabie, Susana Cabral, Joana Cabrita, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Rui Caetano Garcês, Kate Calligy, Jose Andres Calvache, João Camões, Valentine Campana, Paul Campbell, Josie Campisi, Cecilia Canepa, Mireia Cantero, Janice Caoili, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Sheila Cárcel, Filipa Cardoso, Filipe Cardoso, Nelson Cardoso, Sofia Cardoso, Simone Carelli, Nicolas Carlier, Thierry Carmoi, Gayle Carney, Inês Carqueja, Marie-Christine Carret, François Martin Carrier, Ida Carroll, Gail Carson, Maire-Laure Casanova, Mariana Cascão, Siobhan Casey, José Casimiro, Bailey Cassandra, Silvia Castañeda, Nidyanara Castanheira, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, Ivo Castro, Ana Catarino, François-Xavier Catherine, Paolo Cattaneo, Roberta Cavalin, Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, Alexandros Cavayas, Adrian Ceccato, Masaneh Ceesay, Shelby Cerkovnik, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Muge Cevik, Anissa Chair, Catherine Chakveatze, Adrienne Chan, Meera Chand, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Charlotte Charpentier, Julie Chas, Muhammad Mobin Chaudry, Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, Anjellica Chen, Yih-Sharng Chen, Léo Chenard, Matthew Pellan Cheng, Antoine Cheret, Thibault Chiarabini, Julian Chica, Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, Leong Chin Tho, Catherine Chirouze, Davide Chiumello, Sung-Min Cho, Bernard Cholley, Danoy Chommanam, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Yock Ping Chow, Ting Soo Chow, Nathaniel Christy, Hiu Jian Chua, Jonathan Chua, Jose Pedro Cidade, José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, Anna Ciullo, Jennifer Clarke, Rolando Claure-Del Granado, Sara Clohisey, Cassidy Codan, Caitriona Cody, Jennifer Coles, Megan Coles, Gwenhaël Colin, Michael Collins, Pamela Combs, Jennifer Connolly, Marie Connor, Anne Conrad, Elaine Conway, Graham S. Cooke, Hugues Cordel, Amanda Corley, Sabine Cornelis, Alexander Daniel Cornet, Arianne Joy Corpuz, Andrea Cortegiani, Grégory Corvaisier, Camille Couffignal, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Juthaporn Cowan, Rachel Cregan, Gloria Crowl, Jonathan Crump, Claudina Cruz, Marc Csete, Ailbhe Cullen, Matthew Cummings, Gerard Curley, Elodie Curlier, Colleen Curran, Paula Custodio, Ana da Silva Filipe, Charlene Da Silveira, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, John Arne Dahl, Darren Dahly, Umberto D'Alessandro, Peter Daley, Zaina Dalloul, Heidi Dalton, Jo Dalton, Seamus Daly, Juliana Damas, Joycelyn Dame, Cammandji Damien, Nick Daneman, Jorge Dantas, Frédérick D'Aragon, Gillian de Loughry, Diego de Mendoza, Etienne De Montmollin, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira, Rosanna De Rosa, Cristina De Rose, Thushan de Silva, Peter de Vries, Jillian Deacon, David Dean, Alexa Debard, Bianca DeBenedictis, Marie-Pierre Debray, Nathalie DeCastro, William Dechert, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Isabelle Delacroix, Alexandre Delamou, Eric Delaveuve, Karen Delavigne, Nathalie M. Delfos, Ionna Deligiannis, Andrea Dell'Amore, Christelle Delmas, Pierre Delobel, Corine Delsing, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Dominique Deplanque, Pieter Depuydt, Diane Descamps, Mathilde Desvallées, Santi Dewayanti, Pathik Dhangar, Alpha Diallo, Souleymane Taran Diallo, Sylvain Diamantis, André Dias, Fernanda Dias Da Silva, Rodrigo Diaz, Juan Jose Diaz, Priscila Diaz, Bakary K. Dibba, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Wim Dieperink, Jérôme Dimet, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Yael Dishon, Cedric Djadda, Félix Djossou, Annemarie B. Docherty, Helen Doherty, Arjen M. Dondorp, Christl A. Donnelly, Yoann Donohue, Sean Donohue, Peter Doran, Céline Dorival, Eric D'Ortenzio, Yash Doshi, Phouvieng Douangdala, James Joshua Douglas, Renee Douma, Nathalie Dournon, Joanne Downey, Mark Downing, Thomas Drake, Aoife Driscoll, Ibrahim Kwaku Duah, Claudio Duarte Fonseca, Vincent Dubee, François Dubos, Audrey Dubot-Pérès, Alexandre Ducancelle, Toni Duculan, Susanne Dudman, Abhijit Duggal, Paul Dunand, Mathilde Duplaix, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Lucian Durham, III, Bertrand Dussol, Juliette Duthoit, Xavier Duval, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Sim Choon Ean, Ada Ebo, Marco Echeverria-Villalobos, Michael Edelstein, Siobhan Egan, Linn Margrete Eggesbø, Khadeja Ehzaz, Carla Eira, Mohammed El Sanharawi, Marwan El Sayed, Mohammed Elabid, Mohamed Bashir Elagili, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Mohammad Elbahnasawy, Sohail Elboshra, Brigitte Elharrar, Jacobien Ellerbroek, Merete Ellingjord-Dale, Hamida ELMagrahi, Mohammad Muatasm Elmubark, Loubna Elotmani, Lauren Eloundou, Philippine Eloy, Basma Elshaikhy, Tarek Elshazly, Wafa Elsokni, Aml Ahmed Eltayeb, Iqbal Elyazar, Zarief Kamel Emad, Hussein Embarek, Isabelle Enderle, Tomoyuki Endo, Gervais Eneli, Chan Chee Eng, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Haneen Esaadi, Mariano Esperatti, Hélène Esperou, Catarina Espírito Santo, Marina Esposito-Farese, Rachel Essaka, Lorinda Essuman, João Estevão, Manuel Etienne, Anna Greti Everding, Mirjam Evers, Isabelle Fabre, Marc Fabre, Ismaila Fadera, Asgad Osman Abdalla Fadlalla, Amna Faheem, Arabella Fahy, Cameron J. Fairfield, Zul Fakar, Komal Fareed, Pedro Faria, Ahmed Farooq, Hanan Fateena, Mohamed Fathi, Salem Fatima, Karine Faure, Raphaël Favory, Mohamed Fayed, Niamh Feely, Jorge Fernandes, Susana Fernandes, François-Xavier Ferrand, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Joana Ferrão, Mário Ferraz, Benigno Ferreira, Isabel Ferreira, Bernardo Ferreira, Sílvia Ferreira, Nicolas Ferriere, Céline Ficko, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, William Finlayson, Thomas Flament, Tom Fletcher, Aline-Marie Florence, Letizia Lucia Florio, Brigid Flynn, Deirdre Flynn, Jean Foley, Victor Fomin, Tatiana Fonseca, Patricia Fontela, Karen Forrest, Simon Forsyth, Denise Foster, Giuseppe Foti, Berline Fotso, Erwan Fourn, Robert A. Fowler, Marianne Fraher, Diego Franch-Llasat, Christophe Fraser, John F. Fraser, Marcela Vieira Freire, Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Craig French, Caren Friedrich, Ricardo Fritz, Stéphanie Fry, Nora Fuentes, Masahiro Fukuda, G. Argin, Valérie Gaborieau, Rostane Gaci, Massimo Gagliardi, Jean-Charles Gagnard, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Abdou Gai, Sérgio Gaião, Linda Gail Skeie, Adham Mohamed Galal Mohamed Ramadan, Phil Gallagher, Carrol Gamble, Yasmin Gani, Arthur Garan, Rebekha Garcia, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Navya Garimella, Denis Garot, Valérie Garrait, Basanta Gauli, Anatoliy Gavrylov, Alexandre Gaymard, Johannes Gebauer, Eva Geraud, Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, Nuno Germano, Malak Ghemmeid, Praveen Kumar Ghisulal, Jade Ghosn, Marco Giani, Tristan Gigante, Elaine Gilroy, Guillermo Giordano, Michelle Girvan, Valérie Gissot, Gezy Giwangkancana, Daniel Glikman, Petr Glybochko, Eric Gnall, Geraldine Goco, François Goehringer, Siri Goepel, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Jin Yi Goh, Brigitta Golács, Jonathan Golob, Kyle Gomez, Joan Gómez-Junyent, Marie Gominet, Alicia Gonzalez, Patricia Gordon, Isabelle Gorenne, Laure Goubert, Cécile Goujard, Tiphaine Goulenok, Margarite Grable, Jeronimo Graf, Edward Wilson Grandin, Pascal Granier, Giacomo Grasselli, Lorenzo Grazioli, Christopher A. Green, Courtney Greene, William Greenhalf, Segolène Greffe, Domenico Luca Grieco, Matthew Griffee, Fiona Griffiths, Ioana Grigoras, Albert Groenendijk, Fassou Mathias Grovogui, Heidi Gruner, Yusing Gu, Jérémie Guedj, Martin Guego, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, Daniela Guerreiro, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Maisa Guimarães de Castro, Thomas Guimard, Marieke Haalboom, Daniel Haber, Ali Hachemi, Abdurrahman Haddud, Nadir Hadri, Wael Hafez, Fakhir Raza Haidri, Fatima Mhd Rida Hajij, Sheeba Hakak, Adam Hall, Sophie Halpin, Shaher Hamdan, Abdelhafeez Hamdi, Jawad Hameed, Ansley Hamer, Raph L. Hamers, Rebecca Hamidfar, Bato Hammarström, Naomi Hammond, Terese Hammond, Lim Yuen Han, Matly Hanan, Rashan Haniffa, Kok Wei Hao, Hayley Hardwick, Ewen M. Harrison, Janet Harrison, Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison, Alan Hartman, Sulieman Hasan, Mohammad Ali Nabil Hasan, Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, Junaid Hashmi, Madiha Hashmi, Amoni Hassan, Ebtisam Hassanin, Muhammad Hayat, Ailbhe Hayes, Leanne Hays, Jan Heerman, Lars Heggelund, Ahmed Helmi, Ross Hendry, Martina Hennessy, Aquiles Rodrigo Henriquez-Trujillo, Maxime Hentzien, Diana Hernandez, Andrew Hershey, Liv Hesstvedt, Astarini Hidayah, Eibhlin Higgins, Rupert Higgins, Samuel Hinton, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Haider Hirkani, Hikombo Hitoto, Antonia Ho, Yi Bin Ho, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Wei Han Hoh, Oscar Hoiting, Rebecca Holt, Jan Cato Holter, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Ikram Houas, Mabrouka Houderi, Catherine L. Hough, Stuart Houltham, Jimmy Ming-Yang Hsu, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Abby Hurd, Iqbal Hussain, Aliae Mohamed Hussein, Mahmood Hussein, Fatima Ibrahim, Bashir Ibran, Samreen Ijaz, M. Arfan Ikram, Carlos Cañada Illana, Patrick Imbert, Muhammad Imran Ansari, Rana Imran Sikander, Hugo Inácio, Carmen Infante Dominguez, Yun Sii Ing, Mariachiara Ippolito, Vera Irawany, Sarah Isgett, Tiago Isidoro, Nadiah Ismail, Margaux Isnard, Mette Stausland Istre, Junji Itai, Daniel Ivulich, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Hamza Jaber, Julien Jabot, Clare Jackson, Abubacarr Jagne, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Denise Jaworsky, Florence Jego, Anilawati Mat Jelani, Synne Jenum, Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor, Ong Yiaw Joe, Ruth Noemí Jorge García, Silje Bakken Jørgensen, Cédric Joseph, Mark Joseph, Swosti Joshi, Mercé Jourdain, Philippe Jouvet, Anna Jung, Hanna Jung, Dafsah Juzar, Ouifiya Kafif, Florentia Kaguelidou, Neerusha Kaisbain, Thavamany Kaleesvran, Sabina Kali, Karl Trygve Kalleberg, Smaragdi Kalomoiri, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, Armand Saloun Kamano, Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, Nadiah Kamarudin, Kavita Kamineni, Darshana Hewa Kandamby, Kong Yeow Kang, Darakhshan Kanwal, Dyah Kanyawati, Mohamed Karghul, Pratap Karpayah, Todd Karsies, Daisuke Kasugai, Kevin Katz, Christy Kay, Lamees Kayyali, Seán Keating, Pulak Kedia, Andrea Kelly, Aoife Kelly, Claire Kelly, Niamh Kelly, Sadie Kelly, Yvelynne Kelly, Maeve Kelsey, Kalynn Kennon, Sommay Keomany, Maeve Kernan, Younes Kerroumi, Sharma Keshav, Shams Khail, Sarah Khaled, Imrana Khalid, Antoine Khalil, Irfan Khan, Quratul Ain Khan, Sushil Khanal, Abid Khatak, Krish Kherajani, Michelle E. Kho, Denisa Khoo, Ryan Khoo, Saye Khoo, Muhammad Nasir Khoso, Amin Khuwaja, Khor How Kiat, Yuri Kida, Peter Kiiza, Beathe Kiland Granerud, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Jae Burm Kim, Antoine Kimmoun, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Nobuya Kitamura, Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland Kjetland, Paul Klenerman, Rob Klont, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Stephen R. Knight, Robin Kobbe, Paa Kobina Forson, Chamira Kodippily, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Sabin Koirala, Mamoru Komatsu, Franklina Korkor Abebrese, Volkan Korten, Stephanie Kouba, Mohamed Lamine Kourouma, Karifa Kourouma, Arsène Kpangon, Karolina Krawczyk, Ali Kredan, Vinothini Krishnan, Sudhir Krishnan, Oksana Kruglova, Anneli Krund, Pei Xuan Kuan, Ashok Kumar, Deepali Kumar, Ganesh Kumar, Mukesh Kumar, Dinesh Kuriakose, Ethan Kurtzman, Demetrios Kutsogiannis, Galyna Kutsyna, Ama Kwakyewaa Bedu-Addo, Sylvie Kwedi, Konstantinos Kyriakoulis, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, John G. Laffey, Nadhem Lafhej, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Olivier Lairez, Sanjay Lakhey, Marc Lambert, François Lamontagne, Marie Langelot-Richard, Vincent Langlois, Eka Yudha Lantang, Marina Lanza, Cédric Laouénan, Samira Laribi, Delphine Lariviere, Stéphane Lasry, Sakshi Lath, Naveed Latif, Youssef Latifeh, Odile Launay, Didier Laureillard, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Andy Law, Cassie Lawrence, Teresa Lawrence, Minh Le, Clément Le Bihan, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Soizic Le Mestre, Gwenaël Le Moal, Vincent Le Moing, Hervé Le Nagard, Ema Leal, Marta Leal Santos, Biing Horng Lee, Heng Gee Lee, Su Hwan Lee, Jennifer Lee, Todd C. Lee, Yi Lin Lee, Gary Leeming, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Laurent Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefèvre, Sylvie LeGac, Merili-Helen Lehiste, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, François Lellouche, Adrien Lemaignen, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Gretchen Lemmink, Ha Sha Lene, Jenny Lennon, Rafael León, Marc Leone, Tanel Lepik, Quentin Lepiller, François-Xavier Lescure, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Amy Lester-Grant, Andrew Letizia, Sophie Letrou, Bruno Levy, Yves Levy, Claire Levy-Marchal, Katarzyna Lewandowska, Erwan L'Her, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Janet Liang, Ali Liaquat, Geoffrey Liegeon, Kah Chuan Lim, Wei Shen Lim, Chantre Lima, Bruno Lina, Lim Lina, Andreas Lind, Maja Katherine Lingad, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Keibun Liu, Marine Livrozet, Patricia Lizotte, Antonio Loforte, Navy Lolong, Leong Chee Loon, Diogo Lopes, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Anthony L. Loschner, Paul Loubet, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Silvia Lourenco, Lara Lovelace-Macon, Lee Lee Low, Marije Lowik, Jia Shyi Loy, Jean Christophe Lucet, Carlos M. Luna, Olguta Lungu, Miles Lunn, Liem Luong, Nestor Luque, Dominique Luton, Olavi Maasikas, Moïse Machado, Sara Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Mustafa Magzoub, Rafael Mahieu, Sophie Mahy, Ana Raquel Maia, Lars S. Maier, Oumou Maiga Ascofare, Mylène Maillet, Thomas Maitre, Nimisha Abdul Majeed, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Nadia Malik, Paddy Mallon, Fernando Maltez, Denis Malvy, Victoria Manda, Laurent Mandelbrot, Frank Manetta, Julie Mankikian, Edmund Manning, Aldric Manuel, Veronika Maráczi, Ceila Maria Sant′Ana Malaque, Flávio Marino, Samuel Markowicz, Ana Marques, Catherine Marquis, Laura Marsh, Brian Marsh, Megan Marshal, John Marshall, Celina Turchi Martelli, Dori-Ann Martin, Emily Martin, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Alessandra Martinelli, F. Eduardo Martinez, Martin Martinot, Alejandro Martín-Quiros, Ana Martins, João Martins, Nuno Martins, Caroline Martins Rego, Gennaro Martucci, Olga Martynenko, Eva Miranda Marwali, Marsilla Marzukie, David Maslove, Sabina Mason, Sobia Masood, Fatma Masoud, Moise Massoma, Palmer Masumbe, Mohd Basri Mat Nor, Moshe Matan, Henrique Mateus Fernandes, Meghena Mathew, Christina Mathew, Mathieu Mattei, Laurence Maulin, Juergen May, Javier Maynar, Mayfong Mayxay, Thierry Mazzoni, Lisa Mc Sweeney, Colin McArthur, Naina McCann, Peter McCanny, Aine McCarthy, Anne McCarthy, Colin McCloskey, Rachael McConnochie, Sherry McDermott, Sarah E. McDonald, Aine McElroy, Samuel McElwee, Natalie McEvoy, Allison McGeer, Kenneth A. McLean, Paul McNally, Bairbre McNicholas, Edel Meaney, Cécile Mear-Passard, Maggie Mechlin, Nastia Medombou, Omar Mehkri, Ferruccio Mele, Luis Melo, Kashif Ali Memon, João João Mendes, Ogechukwu Menkiti, Kusum Menon, France Mentré, Alexander J. Mentzer, Emmanuelle Mercier, Noémie Mercier, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Blake Mergler, António Mesquita, Roberta Meta, Osama Metwally, Agnès Meybeck, Dan Meyer, Alison M. Meynert, Vanina Meysonnier, Mehdi Mezidi, Céline Michelanglei, Isabelle Michelet, Efstathia Mihelis, Vladislav Mihnovit, Duha Milad Abdullah, Jennene Miller, Hugo Miranda-Maldonado, Nor Arisah Misnan, Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed, Nouralsabah Mohamed, Tahira Jamal Mohamed, Alaa Mohamed Ads, Ahmed Reda Mohamed Elsayed Abdelhalim, Libya Mohammed, Shrouk Fawze Mohammed Mostafa, Manahil Omer Abdelrahman Mohammedahmed, Omer Abdullah Mohammedelhassan, Asma Moin, Walaa Mokhtar, Elena Molinos, Brenda Molloy, Mary Mone, Agostinho Monteiro, Claudia Montes, Giorgia Montrucchio, Sarah Moore, Shona C. Moore, Lina Morales Cely, Marwa Morgom, Lucia Moro, Catherine Motherway, Ana Motos, Hugo Mouquet, Clara Mouton Perrot, Julien Moyet, Suleiman Haitham Mualla, Mohamed Muftah, Aisha Kalsoom Mufti, Ng Yong Muh, Mo'nes Muhaisen, Dzawani Muhamad, Jimmy Mullaert, Fredrik Müller, Karl Erik Müller, Daniel Munblit, Syed Muneeb Ali, Nadeem Munir, Laveena Munshi, Aisling Murphy, Patrick Murray, Marlène Murris, Srinivas Murthy, Himed Musaab, Alamin Mustafa, Mus'ab Mustafa, Dana Mustafa, Himasha Muvindi, Dimitra Melia Myrodia, Farah Nadia Mohd-Hanafiah, Behzad Nadjm, Dave Nagpal, Alex Nagrebetsky, Blanka Nagybányai-Nagy, Herwin Nanda Boudoin, Mangala Narasimhan, Nageswaran Narayanan, Prashant Nasa, Rashid Nasim Khan, Ahmad Nasrallah, Adel Gerges Nassif Metri, Alasdair Nazerali-Maitland, Nadège Neant, Holger Neb, Nikita Nekliudov, Matthew Nelder, Erni Nelwan, Raul Neto, Emily Neumann, Wing Yiu Ng, Pauline Yeung Ng, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Orna Ni Choileain, Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, Nerissa Niba, Alistair D. Nichol, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Stephanie Nonas, Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, Anita North, Alessandra Notari, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Adam Nowinski, Saad Nseir, Leonard Numfor, Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, Dwi Utomo Nusantara, Elsa Nyamankolly, Anders Benteson Nygaard, Fionnuala O. Brien, Annmarie O. Callaghan, Annmarie O'Callaghan, Giovanna Occhipinti, Derbrenn OConnor, Max O'Donnell, Lawrence Ofori-Boadu, Tawnya Ogston, Takayuki Ogura, Tak-Hyuk Oh, Sophie O'Halloran, Katie O'Hearn, Sally-Ann Ohene, João Oliveira, Larissa Oliveira, Piero L. Olliaro, Cinderella Omar Rageh Elnaggar, Alsarrah Ali Mohammed Omer, Pierre Ondobo, David S.Y. Ong, Jee Yan Ong, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Anne Opavsky, Peter Openshaw, Saijad Orakzai, Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro, Jamel Ortoleva, Mohamed Osama Elsayed Soliman, Javier Osatnik, Linda O'Shea, Miriam O'Sullivan, Eman Othman, Siti Zubaidah Othman, Nadia Ouamara, Rachida Ouissa, Micheal Owusu, Ama Akyampomaa Owusu-Asare, Eric Oziol, Maïder Pagadoy, Justine Pages, Amanda Palacios, Massimo Palmarini, Giovanna Panarello, Hem Paneru, Lai Hui Pang, Mauro Panigada, Nathalie Pansu, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Rachael Parke, Melissa Parker, Jérémie Pasquier, Bruno Pastene, Fabian Patauner, Drashti Patel, Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, Luís Patrão, Patricia Patricio, Lisa Patterson, Rajyabardhan Pattnaik, Christelle Paul, Mical Paul, Jorge Paulos, William A. Paxton, Jean-François Payen, Sandra L. Peake, Kalaiarasu Peariasamy, Giles J. Peek, Florent Peelman, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Vincent Peigne, Mare Pejkovska, Paolo Pelosi, Ithan D. Peltan, Rui Pereira, Daniel Perez, Thomas Perpoint, Antonio Pesenti, Vincent Pestre, Lenka Petrou, Michele Petrovic, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Frank Olav Pettersen, Gilles Peytavin, Richard Odame Philips, Ooyanong Phonemixay, Soulichanya Phoutthavong, Michael Piagnerelli, Walter Picard, Olivier Picone, Maria de Piero, Djura Piersma, Carlos Pimentel, Raquel Pinto, Catarina Pires, Lionel Piroth, Ayodhia Pitaloka, Chiara Piubelli, Riinu Pius, Simone Piva, Laurent Plantier, Hon Shen Png, Julien Poissy, Ryadh Pokeerbux, Sergio Poli, Georgios Pollakis, Diane Ponscarme, Diego Bastos Porto, Andra-Maris Post, Douwe F. Postma, Pedro Povoa, Diana Póvoas, Jeff Powis, Sofia Prapa, Viladeth Praphasiri, Sébastien Preau, Christian Prebensen, Jean-Charles Preiser, Anton Prinssen, Gamage Dona Dilanthi Priyadarshani, Lucia Proença, Sravya Pudota, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Mathew Pulicken, Peter Puplampu, Gregory Purcell, Luisa Quesada, Vilmaris Quinones-Cardona, Else Quist-Paulsen, Mohammed Quraishi, Fadi Qutishat, Maia Rabaa, Christian Rabaud, Ebenezer Rabindrarajan, Aldo Rafael, Marie Rafiq, Abdelrahman Ragab, Mutia Rahardjani, Arslan Rahat Ullah, Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab Rahman, Rozanah Abd Rahman, Fernando Rainieri, Giri Shan Rajahram, Pratheema Ramachandran, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, José Ramalho, Ahmad Afiq Ramli, Blandine Rammaert, Grazielle Viana Ramos, Asim Rana, Rajavardhan Rangappa, Ritika Ranjan, Christophe Rapp, Aasiyah Rashan, Thalha Rashan, Ghulam Rasheed, Menaldi Rasmin, Indrek Rätsep, Cornelius Rau, Tharmini Ravi, Ali Raza, Andre Real, Stanislas Rebaudet, Sarah Redl, Brenda Reeve, Attaur Rehman, Muhammad Osama Rehman Khalid, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Renato Reis, Jonathan Remppis, Martine Remy, Hongru Ren, Hanna Renk, Anne-Sophie Resseguier, Matthieu Revest, Oleksa Rewa, Maria Ines Ribeiro, Antonia Ricchiuto, David Richardson, Denise Richardson, Laurent Richier, Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad Ridzuan, Ana L. Rios, Asgar Rishu, Patrick Rispal, Karine Risso, Maria Angelica Rivera Nuñez, Chiara Robba, André Roberto, Stephanie Roberts, Charles Roberts, David L. Robertson, Olivier Robineau, Anna Roca, Ferran Roche-Campo, Paola Rodari, Simão Rodeia, Bernhard Roessler, Claire Roger, Pierre-Marie Roger, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque, Jr., Mélanie Roriz, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Michael Rose, Dorothea Rosenberger, Andrea Rossanese, Matteo Rossetti, Patrick Rossignol, Carine Roy, Benoît Roze, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Clark D. Russell, Maeve Ryan, Steffi Ryckaert, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Isabela Saba, Sairah Sadaf, Musharaf Sadat, Valla Sahraei, Abdurraouf Said, Nadia Saidani, Pranya Sakiyalak, Fodé Bangaly Sako, Moamen Salah, Ali Alaa Salah Eldin Mohamed Abbas, Nawal Salahuddin, Leonardo Salazar, Jodat Saleem, Mohammed Saleh Alyasiri, Talat Ahmed Abu Salem, Gabriele Sales, Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, Hélène Salvator, Dana Samardali, Shaden Samardali, Yehia Samir Shaaban Aly Orabi, Emely Sanchez, Olivier Sanchez, Kizy Sanchez de Oliveira, Angel Sanchez-Miralles, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Gyan Sandhu, Zulfiqar Sandhu, Pierre-François Sandrine, Oana Săndulescu, Marlene Santos, Shirley Sarfo-Mensah, Bruno Sarmento Banheiro, Iam Claire E. Sarmiento, Benjamine Sarton, Ankana Satya, Sree Satyapriya, Rumaisah Satyawati, Egle Saviciute, Yen Tsen Saw, Justin Schaffer, Tjard Schermer, Arnaud Scherpereel, Marion Schneider, János Schnur, Stephan Schroll, Michael Schwameis, Gary Schwartz, Janet T. Scott, James Scott-Brown, Nicholas Sedillot, Tamara Seitz, Jaganathan Selvanayagam, Mageswari Selvarajoo, Malcolm G. Semple, Rasidah Bt Senian, Eric Senneville, Claudia Sepulveda, Filipa Sequeira, Tânia Sequeira, Ary Serpa Neto, Ellen Shadowitz, Syamin Asyraf Shahidan, Hamza Shahla, Laila Shalabi, Haitam Shames, Anuraj Shankar, Shaikh Sharjeel, Pratima Sharma, Catherine A. Shaw, Victoria Shaw, John Robert Sheenan, Dr. Rajesh Mohan Shetty, Rohan Shetty, Mohiuddin Shiekh, Nobuaki Shime, Keiki Shimizu, Sally Shrapnel, Shubha Kalyan Shrestha, Pramesh Sundar Shrestha, Hoi Ping Shum, Nassima Si Mohammed, Ng Yong Siang, Moses Siaw-Frimpong, Jeanne Sibiude, Bountoy Sibounheuang, Nidhal Siddig, Atif Siddiqui, Maqsood Ahmed Siddiqui, Louise Sigfrid, Fatoumata Sillah, Piret Sillaots, Catarina Silva, Maria Joao Silva, Rogério Silva, Benedict Sim Lim Heng, Wai Ching Sin, Dario Sinatti, Mahendra Singh, Punam Singh, Pompini Agustina Sitompul, Karisha Sivam, Vegard Skogen, Sue Smith, Benjamin Smood, Coilin Smyth, Morgane Snacken, Dominic So, Tze Vee Soh, Lene Bergendal Solberg, Joshua Solomon, Tom Solomon, Emily Somers, Agnès Sommet, Myung Jin Song, Rima Song, Tae Song, Jack Song Chia, Arne Søraas, Albert Sotto, Edouard Soum, Ana Chora Sousa, Marta Sousa, Maria Sousa Uva, Vicente Souza-Dantas, Mamadou Saliou Sow, Alexandra Sperry, Elisabetta Spinuzza, B. P. Sanka Ruwan Sri Darshana, Shiranee Sriskandan, Sarah Stabler, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne Stecher, Trude Steinsvik, Ymkje Stienstra, Birgitte Stiksrud, Eva Stolz, Amy Stone, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Adrian Streinu-Cercel, Geoff Strong, Ami Stuart, David Stuart, Richa Su, Decy Subekti, Gabriel Suen, Jacky Y. Suen, Prasanth Sukumar, Asfia Sultana, Charlotte Summers, Dubravka Supic, Deepashankari Suppiah, Magdalena Surovcová, Atie Suwarti, Andrey Svistunov, Sarah Syahrin, Augustina Sylverken, Konstantinos Syrigos, Jaques Sztajnbok, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Shirin Tabrizi, Fabio S. Taccone, Lysa Tagherset, Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, Sara Taleb, Cheikh Talla, Jelmer Talsma, Renaud Tamisier, Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon, Kim Keat Tan, Yan Chyi Tan, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Taku Tanaka, Hayato Taniguchi, Huda Taqdees, Arshad Taqi, Coralie Tardivon, Yousef Tarek Kamal Mostafa, Ali Tarhabat, Pierre Tattevin, M Azhari Taufik, Hassan Tawfik, Tze Yuan Tee, João Teixeira, Sofia Tejada, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sze Kye Teoh, Vanessa Teotonio, François Téoulé, Olivier Terrier, Nicolas Terzi, Hubert Tessier-Grenier, Adrian Tey, Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit, Anand Thakur, Zhang Duan Tham, Suvintheran Thangavelu, Elmi Theron, Vincent Thibault, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Benoît Thill, Jananee Thirumanickam, Niamh Thompson, Shaun Thompson, Emma C. Thomson, David Thomson, Mathew Thorpe, Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai, Ryan S. Thwaites, Paul Tierney, Vadim Tieroshyn, Peter S. Timashev, Jean-François Timsit, Noémie Tissot, Fiona Toal, Jordan Zhien Yang Toh, Maria Toki, Kristian Tonby, Sia Loong Tonnii, Marta Torre, Antoni Torres, Margarida Torres, Rosario Maria Torres Santos-Olmo, Hernando Torres-Zevallos, Aboubacar Tounkara, Michael Towers, Fodé Amara Traoré, Tony Trapani, Cécile Tromeur, Ioannis Trontzas, Tiffany Trouillon, Jeanne Truong, Christelle Tual, Sarah Tubiana, Helen Tuite, Alexis F. Turgeon, Jean-Marie Turmel, Lance C.W. Turtle, Anders Tveita, Pawel Twardowski, Makoto Uchiyama, PG Ishara Udayanga, Andrew Udy, Roman Ullrich, Alberto Uribe, Asad Usman, Effua Usuf, Timothy M. Uyeki, Cristinava Vajdovics, Piero Valentini, Luís Val-Flores, Stijn Van de Velde, Marcel van den Berge, Machteld van der Feltz, Job van der Palen, Paul van der Valk, Nicky Van Der Vekens, Peter Van der Voort, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Laura van Gulik, Jarne Van Hattem, Carolien van Netten, Ilonka van Veen, Noémie Vanel, Henk Vanoverschelde, Michael Varrone, Shoban Raj Vasudayan, Charline Vauchy, Pavan Kumar Vecham, Shaminee Veeran, Aurélie Veislinger, Sebastian Vencken, Sara Ventura, Annelies Verbon, José Ernesto Vidal, César Vieira, Deepak Vijayan, Judit Villar, Pierre-Marc Villeneuve, Andrea Villoldo, Gayatri Vishwanathan, Benoit Visseaux, Hannah Visser, Chiara Vitiello, Manivanh Vongsouvath, Harald Vonkeman, Fanny Vuotto, Suhaila Abdul Wahab, Noor Hidayu Wahab, Nadirah Abdul Wahid, Marina Wainstein, Laura Walsh, Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd Shukeri, Chih-Hsien Wang, Steve Webb, Katharina Weil, Tan Pei Wen, Hassi Wesam, Sanne Wesselius, T. Eoin West, Murray Wham, Bryan Whelan, Nicole White, Paul Henri Wicky, Aurélie Wiedemann, Surya Otto Wijaya, Keith Wille, Sue Willems, Bailey Williams, Patricia J. Williams, Virginie Williams, Jessica Wittman, Calvin Wong, Xin Ci Wong, Yew Sing Wong, Teck Fung Wong, Natalie Wright, Lim Saio Xian, Ioannis Xynogalas, Siti Rohani Binti Mohd Yakop, Masaki Yamazaki, Elizabeth Yarad, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Nicholas Yee Liang Hing, Abdelrahman Yehia Mahmoud Abdelaal, Cécile Yelnik, Chian Hui Yeoh, Stephanie Yerkovich, Touxiong Yiaye, Toshiki Yokoyama, Hodane Yonis, Obada Yousif, Saptadi Yuliarto, Akram Zaaqoq, Marion Zabbe, Gustavo E. Zabert, Kai Zacharowski, Masliza Zahid, Maram Zahran, Nor Zaila Binti Zaidan, Maria Zambon, Miguel Zambrano, Alberto Zanella, Nurul Zaynah, Hiba Zayyad, Alexander Zoufaly, and David Zucman

Subjects
COVID-19, Non-respiratory symptoms, Respiratory symptoms, Risk factors, Mortality, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is primarily known as a respiratory illness; however, many patients present to hospital without respiratory symptoms. The association between non-respiratory presentations of COVID-19 and outcomes remains unclear. We investigated risk factors and clinical outcomes in patients with no respiratory symptoms (NRS) and respiratory symptoms (RS) at hospital admission. Methods: This study describes clinical features, physiological parameters, and outcomes of hospitalised COVID-19 patients, stratified by the presence or absence of respiratory symptoms at hospital admission. RS patients had one or more of: cough, shortness of breath, sore throat, runny nose or wheezing; while NRS patients did not. Results: Of 178,640 patients in the study, 86.4 % presented with RS, while 13.6 % had NRS. NRS patients were older (median age: NRS: 74 vs RS: 65) and less likely to be admitted to the ICU (NRS: 36.7 % vs RS: 37.5 %). NRS patients had a higher crude in-hospital case-fatality ratio (NRS 41.1 % vs. RS 32.0 %), but a lower risk of death after adjusting for confounders (HR 0.88 [0.83–0.93]). Conclusion: Approximately one in seven COVID-19 patients presented at hospital admission without respiratory symptoms. These patients were older, had lower ICU admission rates, and had a lower risk of in-hospital mortality after adjusting for confounders.

Published
2024
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40. Quality assessment of mHealth apps: a scoping review

Author

Godwin Denk Giebel, Christian Speckemeier, Nils Frederik Schrader, Carina Abels, Felix Plescher, Vivienne Hillerich, Desiree Wiedemann, Kirstin Börchers, Jürgen Wasem, Nikola Blase, and Silke Neusser

Subjects
mHealth, quality, apps, scoping review, assessment, Digital Health Application, Medicine
Abstract

IntroductionThe number of mHealth apps has increased rapidly during recent years. Literature suggests a number of problems and barriers to the adoption of mHealth apps, including issues such as validity, usability, as well as data privacy and security. Continuous quality assessment and assurance systems might help to overcome these barriers. Aim of this scoping review was to collate literature on quality assessment tools and quality assurance systems for mHealth apps, compile the components of the tools, and derive overarching quality dimensions, which are potentially relevant for the continuous quality assessment of mHealth apps.MethodsLiterature searches were performed in Medline, EMBASE and PsycInfo. Articles in English or German language were included if they contained information on development, application, or validation of generic concepts of quality assessment or quality assurance of mHealth apps. Screening and extraction were carried out by two researchers independently. Identified quality criteria and aspects were extracted and clustered into quality dimensions.ResultsA total of 70 publications met inclusion criteria. Included publications contain information on five quality assurance systems and further 24 quality assessment tools for mHealth apps. Of these 29 systems/tools, 8 were developed for the assessment of mHealth apps for specific diseases, 16 for assessing mHealth apps for all fields of health and another five are not restricted to health apps. Identified quality criteria and aspects were extracted and grouped into a total of 14 quality dimensions, namely “information and transparency”, “validity and (added) value”, “(medical) safety”, “interoperability and compatibility”, “actuality”, “engagement”, “data privacy and data security”, “usability and design”, “technology”, “organizational aspects”, “social aspects”, “legal aspects”, “equity and equality”, and “cost(-effectiveness)”.DiscussionThis scoping review provides a broad overview of existing quality assessment and assurance systems. Many of the tools included cover only a few dimensions and aspects and therefore do not allow for a comprehensive quality assessment or quality assurance. Our findings can contribute to the development of continuous quality assessment and assurance systems for mHealth apps.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.researchprotocols.org/2022/7/e36974/, International Registered Report Identifier, IRRID (DERR1-10.2196/36974).

Published
2024
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41. Impact of long COVID on health-related quality-of-life: an OpenSAFELY population cohort study using patient-reported outcome measures (OpenPROMPT)Research in context

Author

Oliver Carlile, Andrew Briggs, Alasdair D. Henderson, Ben F.C. Butler-Cole, John Tazare, Laurie A. Tomlinson, Michael Marks, Mark Jit, Liang-Yu Lin, Chris Bates, John Parry, Sebastian C.J. Bacon, Iain Dillingham, William A. Dennison, Ruth E. Costello, Alex J. Walker, William Hulme, Ben Goldacre, Amir Mehrkar, Brian MacKenna, Emily Herrett, Rosalind M. Eggo, Alex Walker, Amelia Green, Andrea Schaffer, Andrew Brown, Ben Butler-Cole, Caroline Morton, Caroline Walters, Catherine Stables, Christine Cunningham, Christopher Wood, Colm Andrews, David Evans, George Hickman, Helen Curtis, Henry Drysdale, Jessica Morley, Jon Massey, Linda Nab, Lisa Hopcroft, Louis Fisher, Lucy Bridges, Milan Wiedemann, Nicholas DeVito, Orla Macdonald, Peter Inglesby, Rebecca Smith, Richard Croker, Robin Park, Rose Higgins, Sebastian Bacon, Simon Davy, Steven Maude, Thomas O'Dwyer, Tom Ward, Victoria Speed, Liam Hart, Pete Stokes, Krishnan Bhaskaran, Ruth Costello, Thomas Cowling, Ian Douglas, Rosalind Eggo, Stephen Evans, Harriet Forbes, Richard Grieve, Daniel Grint, Sinead Langan, Viyaasan Mahalingasivam, Kathryn Mansfield, Rohini Mathur, Helen McDonald, Edward Parker, Christopher Rentsch, Anna Schultze, Liam Smeeth, Laurie Tomlinson, Jemma Walker, Elizabeth Williamson, Kevin Wing, Angel Wong, Bang Zheng, Christopher Bates, Jonathan Cockburn, Frank Hester, Sam Harper, Shaun O'Hanlon, Alex Eavis, Richard Jarvis, Dima Avramov, Paul Griffiths, Aaron Fowles, Nasreen Parkes, Rafael Perera, David Harrison, Kamlesh Khunti, Jonathan Sterne, and Jennifer Quint

Subjects
Long COVID, HRQoL, QALY, PROMs, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: Long COVID is a major problem affecting patient health, the health service, and the workforce. To optimise the design of future interventions against COVID-19, and to better plan and allocate health resources, it is critical to quantify the health and economic burden of this novel condition. We aimed to evaluate and estimate the differences in health impacts of long COVID across sociodemographic categories and quantify this in Quality-Adjusted Life-Years (QALYs), widely used measures across health systems. Methods: With the approval of NHS England, we utilised OpenPROMPT, a UK cohort study measuring the impact of long COVID on health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL). OpenPROMPT invited responses to Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) using a smartphone application and recruited between November 2022 and October 2023. We used the validated EuroQol EQ-5D questionnaire with the UK Value Set to develop disutility scores (1-utility) for respondents with and without Long COVID using linear mixed models, and we calculated subsequent Quality-Adjusted Life-Months (QALMs) for long COVID. Findings: The total OpenPROMPT cohort consisted of 7575 individuals who consented to data collection, with which we used data from 6070 participants who completed a baseline research questionnaire where 24.6% self-reported long COVID. In multivariable regressions, long COVID had a consistent impact on HRQoL, showing a higher likelihood or odds of reporting loss in quality-of-life (Odds Ratio (OR): 4.7, 95% CI: 3.72–5.93) compared with people who did not report long COVID. Reporting a disability was the largest predictor of losses of HRQoL (OR: 17.7, 95% CI: 10.37–30.33) across survey responses. Self-reported long COVID was associated with an 0.37 QALM loss. Interpretation: We found substantial impacts on quality-of-life due to long COVID, representing a major burden on patients and the health service. We highlight the need for continued support and research for long COVID, as HRQoL scores compared unfavourably to patients with conditions such as multiple sclerosis, heart failure, and renal disease. Funding: This research was supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) (OpenPROMPT: COV-LT2-0073).

Published
2024
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42. Trivselsmålinger i folkeskolen

Author

Finn Wiedemann

Subjects
Trivselsmålinger, baggrund, erfaringer, skoleledelse, perspektiver, Professions (General). Professional employees, HD8038
Abstract

Since the school reform in 2014 all primary schools have been carrying out well-being-measurements. The article focuses on school leaders’ experiences with well-being measurements. Seven school leaders have been interviewed about their experiences. The theoretical assumptions are among other things evaluation theory. Readings and analyses of central literature about well-being in school and society are also used. The analyses points to a different practice in schools when it comes to the use of well-being measurements. At some schools they do have a symbolic and ritual function. At other schools they are used as a part of the schools social and pedagogical development. The introduction of well-being measurements can be interpreted as an attempt to take softer and more human related issues into considerations in the discussions of what schools and society we want. On the other hand, it can also be interpreted as an attempt to govern schools and institutions in new ways.

Published
2024

43. The influence of concomitant antidepressant and antipsychotic medication on antidepressant effect and seizure duration of electroconvulsive therapy

Author

Sara Mohamad, Samuel Trumm, Sascha Treskatsch, Alisha Drevs, Malek Bajbouj, and Leonardo Wiedemann

Subjects
ECT, electroconvulsive therapy, antidepressants, seizure duration, antipsychotics, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

BackgroundA significant proportion of patients with a depressive disorder show resistance to pharmacological and psychotherapeutic antidepressant treatments. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is still one of the most effective treatment methods, especially in the acute phase. In everyday clinical practice, this usually accompanies pharmacological treatment. It has been shown that pharmacological treatment following acute ECT treatment reduces the rate of relapses. However, the effect of various antidepressants (ADs) and antipsychotics (APs) on the effect during the course of ECT has rarely been investigatedMethodsIn this retrospective chart review study, the data of 104 depressive patients treated with ECT were examined. We analyzed the influence of concomitant administration of AD and AP or no psychotropic medication on the effect of ECT using the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). We further analyzed the influence of the ADs Bupropion, Venlafaxine, and Sertraline or no AD and the influence of augmentation with Aripiprazole or Quetiapine or Olanzapine.Results/discussionPsychotropic medication did not have an impact on antidepressant efficacy of ECT as measured with the MADRS scores. In addition, the comparison between the antidepressant or antipsychotic medications themselves did not show any significant difference. However, we found a significantly different seizure duration depending on the antidepressant substance that patients received during ECT (p = .008). ECT treatment itself led to a highly significant reduction of 13.3 points in the MADRS (p

Published
2024
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44. Advanced Air Mobility: A comparative review of policies from around the world—lessons for Australia

Author

Mirjam Wiedemann, Man Liang, Ganesh Keremane, and Kate Quigley

Subjects
Transport policy, Strategy, Advanced Air Mobility (AAM), Drones, Emerging aviation technologies, Aviation, Transportation and communications, HE1-9990
Abstract

Advanced Air Mobility (AAM), the use of drones for the delivery of goods and for transport of passengers, is an emerging mode of transportation. However, numerous challenges remain before AAM on a commercial scale will be a reality. AAM forces changes to the current air transportation system and governments globally are tasked with formulating new policies and regulations. In this work, we evaluate AAM policies from four different countries by utilising a case study approach and comparing those to emerging policies in Australia. We found that approaches differ between very comprehensive frameworks to simple, more general regulation. Results also show that Australia can learn a lot from Dubai’s example. In summary, these findings suggest that AAM policy development globally is in its infancy and provide insights into possible future pathways for AAM policy development in Australia and beyond.

Published
2024
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45. Telegram in der politischen Öffentlichkeit. Zur Einführung in das Themenheft

Author

Gregor Wiedemann, Jan-Hinrik Schmidt, Jan Rau, Felix Victor Münch, and Philipp Kessling

Subjects
Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract

Telegram ist in den vergangenen Jahren zu einem relevanten Bestandteil der politischen Öffentlichkeit geworden. Der Instant-Messaging-Dienst unterstützt sowohl den interpersonalen Austausch als auch die Informationsverteilung an nahezu beliebig große Publika. Zugleich entzieht er sich bislang vergleichsweise erfolgreich allen Regulierungsversuchen, die Verbreitung von Desinformationen, Hassrede oder anderen problematischen Inhalten einzuschränken. Dadurch ist Telegram vor allem, aber nicht nur, bei Akteur*innen und Gruppen beliebt, die am Rande oder jenseits des demokratisch akzeptablen Spektrums agieren. Das vorliegende Themenheft versammelt sieben Beiträge, die mit verschiedenen Methoden die Rolle von Telegram in der deutschsprachigen politischen Öffentlichkeit erkunden und weiteren Forschungsbedarf identifizieren.

Published
2023
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46. National-scale bi-directional EV fleet control for ancillary service provision

Author

Lorenzo Nespoli, Nina Wiedemann, Esra Suel, Yanan Xin, Martin Raubal, and Vasco Medici

Subjects
EV, V2G, Optimization, Optimal scheduling, Ancillary services, Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel trade, HD9502-9502.5
Abstract

Abstract Deploying real-time control on large-scale fleets of electric vehicles (EVs) is becoming pivotal as the share of EVs over internal combustion engine vehicles increases. In this paper, we present a Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) algorithm to simultaneously schedule thousands of EVs charging and discharging operations, that can be used to provide ancillary services. To achieve scalability, the monolithic problem is decomposed using the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). Furthermore, we propose a method to handle bilinear constraints of the original problem inside the ADMM iterations, which changes the problem class from Mixed-Integer Quadratic Program (MIQP) to Quadratic Program (QP), allowing for a substantial computational speed up. We test the algorithm using real data from the largest carsharing company in Switzerland and show how our formulation can be used to retrieve flexibility boundaries for the EV fleet. Our work thus enables fleet operators to make informed bids on ancillary services provision, thereby facilitating the integration of electric vehicles.

Published
2023
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47. Maser threshold characterization by resonator Q-factor tuning

Author

Christoph W. Zollitsch, Stefan Ruloff, Yan Fett, Haakon T. A. Wiedemann, Rudolf Richter, Jonathan D. Breeze, and Christopher W. M. Kay

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Abstract Whereas the laser is nowadays an ubiquitous technology, applications for its microwave analog, the maser, remain highly specialized, despite the excellent low-noise microwave amplification properties. The widespread application of masers is typically limited by the need of cryogenic temperatures. The recent realization of a continuous-wave room-temperature maser, using NV− centers in diamond, is a first step towards establishing the maser as a potential platform for microwave research and development, yet its design is far from optimal. Here, we design and construct an optimized setup able to characterize the operating space of a maser using NV− centers. We focus on the interplay of two key parameters for emission of microwave photons: the quality factor of the microwave resonator and the degree of spin level-inversion. We characterize the performance of the maser as a function of these two parameters, identifying the parameter space of operation and highlighting the requirements for maximal continuous microwave emission.

Published
2023
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49. Artificial intelligence in ophthalmology

Author

Peter Wiedemann

Subjects
artificial intelligence, ophthalmology, retinal diseases, glaucoma, cataract, telehealth, ethics, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Artificial Intelligence(AI)refers to computer simulation of human mental reasoning, decision making, and behavior. AI has been implemented in various medical fields. AI application has shown tremendous potentials in ophthalmology, as it relies heavily on ocular imaging and visual data. The overall potential of AI includes screening, diagnostic grading, automated detection of disease activity, recurrences, quantification of therapeutic effects, and identification of relevant targets for novel therapeutic approaches, enabling personalized health care and large-scale management. This review briefly introduces and comments the main AI applications in ophthalmology, including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, cataract, telehealth, and related topics. The review also points out the opportunities and challenges in AI implement in clinical practice, including clinical and technical challenges, data quality, explainability of the algorithm results, medicolegal and ethical issues.

Published
2023
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50. A Comprehensive ddPCR Strategy for Sensitive and Reliable Monitoring of CAR-T Cell Kinetics in Clinical Applications

Author

Gertrud Wiedemann, Ulrike Bacher, Raphael Joncourt, Françoise Solly, Corinne C. Widmer, Sacha Zeerleder, Urban Novak, Thomas Pabst, and Naomi A. Porret

Subjects
droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), CAR-T cell therapies, molecular monitoring, B-cell lymphoma, acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL), Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

In this study, we present the design, implementation, and successful use of digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) for the monitoring of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) expansion in patients with B-cell malignancies treated with different CAR-T products at our clinical center. Initially, we designed a specific and highly sensitive ddPCR assay targeting the junction between the 4-1BB and CD3ζ domains of tisa-cel, normalized with RPP30, and validated it using blood samples from the first tisa-cel-treated patient in Switzerland. We further compared this assay with a published qPCR (quantitative real-time PCR) design. Both assays showed reliable quantification of CAR-T copies down to 20 copies/µg DNA. The reproducibility and precision were confirmed through extensive testing and inter-laboratory comparisons. With the introduction of other CAR-T products, we also developed a corresponding ddPCR assay targeting axi-cel and brexu-cel, demonstrating high specificity and sensitivity with a limit of detection of 20 copies/µg DNA. These assays are suitable for CAR-T copy number quantification across multiple sample types, including peripheral blood, bone marrow, and lymph node biopsy material, showing robust performance and indicating the presence of CAR-T cells not only in the blood but also in target tissues. Longitudinal monitoring of CAR-T cell kinetics in 141 patients treated with tisa-cel, axi-cel, or brexu-cel revealed significant expansion and long-term persistence. Peak expansion correlated with clinical outcomes and adverse effects, as is now well known. Additionally, we quantified the CAR-T mRNA expression, showing a high correlation with DNA copy numbers and confirming active transgene expression. Our results highlight the quality of ddPCR for CAR-T monitoring, providing a sensitive, precise, and reproducible method suitable for clinical applications. This approach can be adapted for future CAR-T products and will support the monitoring and the management of CAR-T cell therapies.

Published
2024
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