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Over the past two years, third-year undergraduate students from Toho University’s Department of Physics conducted laboratory experiments on gamma-ray measurement using a scintillation detector. Approximately, 30 experimental data points were collected and subsequently analyzed. The analysis focused on the energy calibration method and the inverse-square law of radiation. Results revealed that employing quadratic or cubic function fits for energy calibration yielded more than twice the accuracy compared to the conventional linear function fit. Regarding the deviation from the inverse-square law of radiation, a correction method utilizing a correction parameter was compared with a power function fit method. The discussion encompassed the correction parameter and the exponent of the power function.

High-resolution atomic-beam diode-laser spectroscopy in Sm I has been performed. Zeeman spectra have been measured for the three optical transitions at different external magnetic fields and well resolved at the magnetic fields of stronger than 6.0 mT. Using the known precise Landé -factors of the ground multiplet, the Landé -factors of the upper 4f66s6p and levels have been determined, and their precision has been improved compared with the reference values.