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El principal objetivo del artículo es analizar de qué manera una empresa periodística pública centrada en la producción de contenidos sonoros como es Radio Nacional de España aprovecha las posibilidades narrativas del pódcast, atendiendo al caso específico de los especializados en el entorno cultural. La selección muestral contempla ocho pódcast y un total de 730 episodios analizados, cuyo estudio se lleva a cabo mediante la combinación de un análisis cuantitativo, que contempla siete variables (denominación, tema, URL, plataformas de distribución, creación, periodicidad y rango de duración), y de un examen cualitativo basado en el análisis de contenido que considera cuatro aspectos prioritarios (recursos humanos, géneros periodísticos, recursos sonoros y estructura de contenidos). Como resultados más destacados, se percibe una amplia variedad en las facetas de tratamiento informativo, ritmo narrativo, empleo de géneros periodísticos y rango de duración y se concluye que RNE realiza un notable esfuerzo por impulsar esta tecnología.

Web 2.0 tools such as blogs, wikis, social networking, and podcasting have received attention in educational research over the last decade. Blogs enable students to reflect their learning experiences, disseminate ideas, and participate in analytical thinking. The Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework has been widely used in educational research to understand and enhance online and blended learning platforms. There is insufficient research evidence to demonstrate the impact of educational blogging using the CoI model as a framework. This article explores how blogs can be used to support collaborative learning and how such an interaction upholds CoI through enhancing critical thinking and meaningful learning in the context of higher education (HE). An exploratory sequential mixed-method approach has been followed in this study. A convenience sampling method was employed to choose 75 undergraduate students from Dhaka University for a 24-week blogging project. Every publication on the blog was segmented into meaningful units. Whole texts of posts and comments are extracted from the blog, and the transcripts are analyzed in a qualitative manner considering the CoI framework, more specifically, through the lens of cognitive, social, and teaching presence. In addition, the semi-structured questionnaire is used to collect data from students irrespective of whether blogging expedited students' learning or not. The research findings indicate that cognitive presence, namely, the exploration component, is dominant in blog-based learning activity. Moreover, this research has demonstrated that blogs build reliable virtual connections among students through exchanging ideas and information and by offering opportunities for reflective practice and asynchronous feedback. This study also revealed challenges related to blogging in the context of developing countries, including lack of familiarity with blogs, restricted internet connectivity, limited access to devices, and low levels of social interaction. It is recommended that different stakeholders including policymakers, curriculum developers, and teachers take the initiative to synchronize the utilization of educational blogs with the formal curriculum, guaranteeing that blog activities supplement and improve traditional teaching–learning activities.

“The ADA Book” by Kris Rivenburgh is a clear, concise explanation of applicable Americans with Disabilities Act laws, its connection to the World Wide Web Consortium’s Web Content Accessibility Guidelines, and a thoughtful analysis of U.S. Department of Justice litigation and resolutions on website accessibility. This book is relevant for web developers, designers, digital content creators, faculty, instructional designers, legal professionals, and individuals responsible for producing accessible digital content. This book provides readers with up-to-date recommendations to address existing digital accessibility issues, ensuring readiness to address future obstacles and proactively prevent legal disputes. This book review summarizes the “The ADA Book” content, structure, and contribution to providing actionable digital accessibility recommendations.

The paper aims to cover the main contributors to the development of Web 3.0 and to explore their different views on the evolution of the World Wide Web by creating a comprising image on the key theories, models, and frameworks in the evolution of Web 3.0. We used a qualitative research method, more precisely we conducted a literature review to identify the main characteristics of Web 3.0. Based on the selected papers we revealed the evolution of Web 3.0 by investigating a large variety of dimensions. Findings unfold to reveal the chronological publication of studies, main journals, and research methodology used in studies, along with future research directions. Furthermore, we performed an in-depth analysis to of the selected paper to discover a taxonomy of studies by key theories, models, and frameworks, features, technologies, main theories on the evolution of Web 3.0. As this is still a nascent topic, future research directions must focus on both qualitative and quantitative studies covering a wide spectrum of Web 3.0 stakeholders. The originality of the research derives not only from stating the evolution of Web 3.0 but also from the comparison between Web 1.0, Web 2.0, Web 3.0, and Web 4.0 we performed in order to hint towards the promise of the future in terms of opportunities and strengths.

Digitization has made the news accessible to many people worldwide. Since it contains large quantities of authentic language input, online news has riveted language learners, teachers, and educators. Despite the availability of multitudes of studies on online news, research is needed to explore its potential benefits and drawbacks to guide language education. To that end, this exploratory research presented the possible educational impacts of online news on language education, offered a practical guideline for language teachers, and suggested specific news websites to utilize. The examination of a systematic literature review revealed eight potential advantages (real-world context, vocabulary expansion, grammatical/syntactical practice, heightened cultural awareness, practice/improvement in four skills, authentic language input, and content diversity) and disadvantages (linguistic complexity, content bias and inaccuracy, limited interactivity, time consumption, accessibility, and technology dependency, information overload, digital distraction, and privacy concern). Accordingly, a five-step practical guideline for using online news for classroom teaching is suggested for language teachers. The research offers news websites beneficial to multilingual and multicultural learning and awareness. Finally, the research concludes with some limitations and recommendations for future studies.

Objetivo. La educación social no es ajena a los cambios de la sociedad actual cada vez más tecnologizada. En este sentido, el objetivo de este estudio es proporcionar un panorama actualizado del estado de la cuestión a partir de una revisión sistemática de la bibliografía científica sobre educación social, conceptos clave (profesionalización, identidad y desarrollo profesional) y la Web 2.0. Metodología. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa basada en una revisión sistemática de la bibliografía internacional tomando como referencia la herramienta PRISMA-P entre los años 2012 y 2021. Concretamente se ha llevado a cabo un análisis del contenido a través del software Nvivo 12 versión Release 1.5, realizando búsquedas de texto, mapas jerárquicos y matrices de codificación, entre otros. La selección definitiva contenía 22 artículos que fueron revisados y categorizados de manera inductiva-deductiva. Resultados. Los medios sociales tienen una repercusión notoria en aspectos fundamentales de la educación social como son la profesionalización, la identidad y el desarrollo profesional. Destaca la necesidad del desarrollo competencial de las educadoras y educadores sociales para un desempeño ético de su labor en el espacio virtual. Conclusión. En la actual sociedad tecnologizada el uso de los medios sociales continúa su ascenso exponencial y la profesión de la educación social debe buscar su espacio también en el ámbito virtual, reconociendo que la profesión tiene que dar respuesta a una sociedad en la que internet es un espacio de comunicación. En este sentido, se aboga por una mayor definición de las competencias digitales en la educación social.

Universities increasingly leverage social media platforms, especially Twitter, for news dissemination, audience engagement, and feedback collection. King Faisal University (KFU) is dedicated to enhancing its institutional identity (ID), grounded in environmental sustainability and food security, encompassing nine critical areas. This study aims to assess the impact of KFU’s Twitter interactions on public awareness of its institutional identity using systematic analysis and machine learning (ML) methods. The objectives are to: (1) Determine the influence of KFU’s Twitter presence on ID awareness; (2) create a dedicated dataset for real-time public interaction analysis with KFU’s Twitter content; (3) investigate Twitter’s role in promoting KFU’s institutional identity across 9-ID domains and its changing impact over time; (4) utilize k-means clustering and sentiment analysis (TFIDF and Word2vec) to classify data and assess similarities among the identity domains; and (5) apply the categorization method to process and categorize tweets, facilitating the assessment of word meanings and similarities of the 9-ID domains. The study also employs four ML models, including Logistic Regression (LR) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), with the Random Forest (RF) model combined with Word2vec achieving the highest accuracy of 100%. The findings underscore the value of KFU’s Twitter data analysis in deepening the understanding of its ID and guiding the development of effective communication strategies.

Mobile technologies exist in a wide spectrum and have a great impact on today’s world. One of the reasons of mobile technologies’ becoming a vital part of everyday life may be various features they possess such as easy access to content with no time and limit boundaries. This has brought up the question whether they may assist language learning. Considering Web 2.0 tools in the context of mobile technologies, for this study a well-known Web 2.0 tool has been chosen to investigate its effects, Duolingo, on students’ academic performance when used in blended learning settings to support formal language education. The academic performance levels of students are determined before and after the intervention in a high school in accordance with an instructional design prepared to support students in and out of school hours. Data were analyzed by using descriptive analyses techniques. The results of the study are discussed considering the significant difference in students’ academic performance after the intervention. It can be concluded that there are possible advantages of integrating a Web 2.0 tool in blended learning contexts.

The contribution intends to examine the relationship between anonymity and Street Art, in relation to the (often massive) use of social networks by certain artists and the changes these tools have brought about in society. The considerations made not only reflect on the popularity - anonymity dualism, in relation to which the use of new media is extremely crucial, but also on certain attempts to challenge the system dictated by apparently ambiguous and questionable positions. All this without forgetting the role of the public, which is also invested by the galvanising wave of Web 2.0 and fascinated by the exploits of these new "superheroes" of art.

Using technology and social networking sites in education has become a variable that should be considered and utilized by educators to cope with learners’ needs and demands in the era of the technological revolution, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed at reviewing and analyzing the benefits of using one of the social networking sites (Facebook) in foreign language instruction, particularly teaching and learning English at higher educational institutions. A meta-analysis qualitative approach was followed as thirty-three studies were reviewed, summarized and synthesized based on predetermined criteria and procedures. The findings revealed five main roles and benefits that Facebook as a Web 2.0 technology can have in foreign language instruction, which were: (a) the impact of using Facebook on adult learners’ engagement; (b) the impact of using Facebook on improving college students’ academic performance and achievement; (c) the role of using Facebook in supporting cross-cultural awareness and collaborative learning; (d) the role of using Facebook in enhancing the interactive and communicative learning; (e) the role of using Facebook in immersing students in a meaningful learning experience. Accordingly, some conclusions and recommendations were suggested.

Мета статті – проаналізувати статистику і тенденції функціонування соціальних мереж у світі та в Україні за різними критеріями. Методи дослідження. Застосовано загальнонаукові методи аналізу та синтезу, що дало змогу досягти поставленої мети. Наукова новизна одержаних результатів полягає в з’ясуванні на основі аналізу широкої статистичної бази тенденцій функціонування соціальних мереж у світі та в Україні за різними критеріями. Висновки. З появою Web 2.0 кінцеві користувачі беруть безпосередню участь у зміні майбутнього WWW з погляду його структури, дизайну та корисності. У цьому контексті соціальні мережі стають застосунком, здатним не тільки встановлювати, а й управляти явними відносинами між користувачами. Наголошено, що причини популярності соціальних мереж полягають у тому, що вони просувають бачення мережі, орієнтованої на людину, де мережа людей та їхні інтереси стають джерелом інформації, яке постійно перебуває в цій же мережі. На основі аналізу наявних статистичних даних підсумовано, що основними тенденціями функціонування соціальних мереж останніх років в Україні є такі: стрімке зростання кількості користувачів соціальних мереж, утім кількість часу, проведеного користувачами в мережі у 2023 р., знижується; під час російсько-української війни однією з важливих функцій соцмереж стала інформаційна, зокрема для надання новин; за віковою категорією більше соціальними мережами користується молоде покоління, менше – люди похилого віку; якщо взяти до уваги населені пункти, то кількість користувачів соціальних мереж значно вища у великих містах, ніж у сільській місцевості; найбільший інтерес для українських користувачів соцмереж становить розважальна та пізнавальна тематика; збільшується кількість інфлюенсерів у соцмережах тощо.

Problem statement. The active development of digital technologies has had a serious impact on the field of education and led to the formation of a new information and communication environment at universities. Within the framework of the study, the features of the formation of digital communication of organizational and pedagogical activity of a modern university were considered. Methodology. The main methods chosen are a SWOT analysis of opportunities and threats associated with the introduction of the digital environment at the university, and a sociological survey to assess the attitude of all participants in the educational process to the digitalization of the university. Results. The study of the process of digital communication of the university's activities made it possible to design a pilot communication model of organizational and pedagogical activity of the university in a new digital environment. The trends in the development of the knowledge society focused on the activities of higher educational institutions and the sphere of educational services are also identified. The main provisions in the field of the processes of formation of elite consciousness and professional domestic elite capable of continuing the development of progress have been formed. Conclusion. The proposed pilot version of modeling the digital environment of the university helped to formulate the basic requirements for the organization of higher school activities and highlight the current directions of development: activation of innovative and creative potential of students, scientific and project activity of the teaching staff, improvement of the competence-based professional level of training of personnel and employees of the university, contributing, among other things, to personal development and increased labor efficiency. This strategy will help the university become a brand and take a stable position in a competitive environment, create stable economic development, and, as a result, expand partnerships, scientific and educational projects that give the right to enter the modern socio-cultural space of the country and the world.

The fast rise and widespread use of online social networking platforms, which are accessed by millions of people, provide significant ethical and professional issues for practitioners. The usage of online social networking forums has grown in popularity, particularly across the younger generation of physicians and patients. To find the most recent literature regarding this subject, the present review made the use of Web of Science, PubMed (Medline), and Google Scholar (as a search engine). The searches were conducted using the following search terms: professionalism, social media, social networks, Internet, Web 2.0, eHealth, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, TikTok; included in the title or abstract or keywords. The search was restricted to studies published in English from 2009 to 2021. In this article, we explore the ethical issues that have arisen as a result of the increased usage of online social networking platforms in the patient–doctor interaction as well as the way these social media tools can be equipped for the improvement of health education and health care.

BACKGROUND: Individual’s learning style, ehealth literacy, and preferred web-based e-content and channel to access information determines how one makes sense of health information on the Internet. Understanding these dynamics will help design suitable e-contents and choose appropriate channels for effective health communication. To assess the relationship between ehealth literacy, learning styles, and web-based e-content accessed for receiving health information among dental college students in Vadodara, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted among all consenting Undergraduate Students (UGs), interns, and Postgraduate Students (PGs) of a dental college in Vadodara, India, from July to August 2022. The questionnaire used to collect data included questions on general information, eHealth literacy scale (eHEALS), Visual Auditory Reading/Writing Kinaesthetic (VARK) Questionnaire, and preferences of web-based e-content for receiving health information. Completely filled questionnaires were subject to statistical analysis: descriptive (means and percentages) and inferential (analysis of variance tests and odds ratio). RESULTS: 285 out of 380 students filled out the questionnaires completely (75% response rate). All reported using Internet for receiving health information. Majority preferred textual ehealth message (71%) and access websites (80%). Students were quadmodal (98.%) and trimodal (2%) learners who learned predominantly through kinaesthetic methods (46%). Mean eHEALS score of the group was 30.27 ± 3.41. There was a statistically significant association between preference for sharing channels and being a kinaesthetic learner (OR = 1.6; P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Participants were multi-modal, predominantly kinaesthetic learners. The association between the preference for video-sharing channels and being kinaesthetic learner suggests the need and scope for demonstrative and interactive video-based health educational tools, with the endorsement of health authorities based on health policy.

Studies on traditional and social media have found that misinformation about vaccines has been widely spread over the last decade, negatively impacting public opinion and people’s willingness to get vaccinated. We reviewed the sentiments of Italian users to define the characteristic of anti-vax and pro-vax contents and defined the strategies to deal with the misinformation. Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, Google Scholar (up to page 10), and ISI Web of Knowledge databases were systematically searched. Research articles, brief reports, commentaries, and letters published between January 1, 2010 and March 30, 2022 were included in the search. No-vax or ambiguous contents in Italian mass media are not prevalent compared to neutral and pro-vax content; the communication of no-vax groups is significantly simplified, favoring the understanding of the topics by users. Events related to vaccinations are associated with news coverage by media, search engine consultations, and user reactions on social networks. In this context, the activity of no-vax groups is triggered, and misinformation and fake news spread even further. A multifactorial approach is necessary to manage online user sentiment and use mass and social media as health promotion tools.

Purpose: The digital revolution is causing profound transformations, characterised by how companies and customers approach the market, helping to significantly transform the tourism sector. Traditionally, the Internet was used to search for timetables, find information and compare prices, or book basic tourist products. Today, thanks to Web 2.0, people can create their own trips by following the advice and examples of other users on the Net who have shared the contents of their tour and expressed opinions on their own travel experience. The study aims to investigate how small accommodation enterprises use their website for marketing following the development of Web 2.0, which differs from the initial concept of the Internet because it departs from the classic static websites. Study design/methodology/approach: After the analysis of the literature, which relates to the relationship that has gradually developed over the years between small businesses in the tourism sector and the use of the Internet for marketing purposes, it was decided to carry out an empirical survey on a sample of websites of small Italian hotels. The research hypothesis is that website adoption is conditioned by the marketing communication of the tourist experience that favours interactive tools. Sixty websites of micro-enterprises with less than thirty rooms were analysed, revealing an important use of social media for marketing communication. Findings: The research results show that small hotel enterprises present a limited use of the website, limited to the web presence, while the customer relationship is managed through social networks. Originality/value: This work is believed to provide useful ideas for starting a more substantial study activity in the field of small accommodation to understand the reasons behind the low use of the website.

La pandemia por el virus COVID-19 ha obligado a muchos docentes universitarios a iniciarse en el uso de herramientas docentes basadas en la Web 2.0. A través de una encuesta, en la que han participado 1.344 profesores españoles y 3.930 profesores italianos de todos los campos de conocimiento, se ha evaluado si los docentes perciben que el uso de herramientas como las plataformas de videos, los blogs o las aplicaciones de trabajo colaborativo aumentará en los próximos años y modificará su forma de dar clases, aunque sea en un sistema de docencia presencial. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que, en ambos países, la percepción del cambio es bastante alta y que esta percepción depende principalmente de características psicográficas del profesor, tales como la actitud, la utilidad percibida, la norma social y el compromiso afectivo con la docencia. Se comentan semejanzas y diferencias entre las dos muestras de profesores universitarios.

Bu araştırmada Web 2.0 uygulamasının dijital okuryazarlık becerilerinin ve web pedagojik içerik bilgisinin gelişimine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ön-test son-test kontrol grupsuz deneysel desenle gerçekleştirilen araştırmada gruplardaki denekler, basit seçkisiz örnekleme yoluyla belirlenmiştir. Bu yöntemle belirlenen çalışma grubu, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Türkçe Öğretmenliği Ana Bilim Dalı 3. sınıfta öğrenim gören 31 öğretmen adayından oluşmaktadır. Araştırmadaki verilerin toplanmasında Web Pedagojik İçerik Bilgisi Ölçeği ve Dijital Okuryazarlık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada deneysel işlemin etkisini incelemek amacıyla elde edilen verilerin analizinde bağımlı gruplar için T-Testi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda Dijital Okuryazarlık Ölçeği’nin toplamı ile tutum, teknik, bilişsel ve sosyal boyutlarına ilişkin son-test puanlarının, deney grubu lehine istatistiksel olarak manidar düzeyde farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Web pedagojik içerik bilgilerinin gelişimi açısından incelendiğinde ise ölçeğin toplamı ile genel web, iletişimsel web, pedagojik web, web pedagojik içerik, web tabanlı öğretime yönelik tutum boyutlarına ilişkin son-test puanlarının, deney grubu lehine istatistiksel olarak manidar düzeyde farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgulardan hareketle web 2.0 uygulamalarının, web pedagojik içerik bilgisinin ve dijital okuryazarlık becerilerinin gelişimine manidar düzeyde etki ettiği söylenebilir.

Las profundas transformaciones provocadas en los últimos 20 años por el nacimiento de los medios digitales de comunicación y producción de contenido, así como por la irrupción y consolidación de las redes sociales, han dado lugar a nuevos roles y formatos en la arquitectura. La autoedición en medios digitales ha permitido la emergencia de nuevas voces y discusiones que no dependen exclusivamente de los medios tradicionales y la academia. En particular, han surgido nuevos roles, como es el caso de los comunicadores y curadores digitales de arquitectura, habiéndose consolidado el formato de noticias de arquitectura como una forma de difusión. Sin embargo, también ha habido un debate en torno a la hiperproducción de imágenes y su posible impacto en la producción de discursos en la cultura arquitectónica. Además, las redes sociales han cambiado el modelo de negocio y consumo de información, y han consolidado sus algoritmos como un nuevo poder blando.

En la actualidad, vivimos en una época de avance tecnológico constante, donde el uso de las redes sociales en los sistemas de información es esencial para tener mayor alcance a los usuarios. Este estudio realiza un análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica sobre redes sociales en bibliotecas en Iberoamérica que se encuentra indexada en la base de datos Scopus durante el período 2007-2021. Se analizan 76 publicaciones mediante indicadores de producción, colaboración, impacto y de análisis estructural temático. Los resultados muestran que la producción científica sobre redes sociales en bibliotecas ha tenido un crecimiento irregular durante este período; los autores y revistas españolas presentan una mayor productividad; las publicaciones en revistas de EE. UU. o Reino Unido mejor posicionadas tienen mayor impacto; y existe un bajo nivel de colaboración científica. Además, predominan los estudios enfocados a bibliotecas universitarias o académicas, aunque aparecen también aplicados a todo tipo de bibliotecas.

Technology integration has received a significant amount of money from the budgets of schools in the United States, even prior to COVID-19. Social media as an instructional tool was also receiving growing attention. However, since COVID-19 it seems that there is an even larger shift in the calls to use social media. The purpose of this study was to report K-12 Tennessee social studies teachers’ self-reported social media use just prior to the COVID-19. Moreover, we compared teachers’ use of social media based on geography, grade level and teaching experience. Statistically significant findings were discovered.

This collaborative project-based learning (CPBL) study concerns the design and development of educational material set by preservice teachers. During the study, Web 2.0 technologies were used as tools to support collaborative knowledge construction in terms of school health and safety. Based on the purpose of the study, mixed method was employed. Qualitative results indicated that CPBL was an appropriate choice for studies aiming to increase awareness and knowledge in a special context. Preparing an educational material set with a wide variety of Web 2.0 tools based on predetermined criteria through CPBL strategy can enable participants to enhance their problem-solving and critical-thinking skills. Moreover, CPBL was effective in increasing the participants’ motivation and self-regulation towards technology learning.

The key theme of the article is the possibility of higher school promotion and developmentof its international relations through the image of the territory where it is located. The authors describe new media in the Internet as the main channel of communication with foreign target audiences for involvement of useful migrants – students, scientists, teachers, the partner companies to Ukhta. That strategy can contribute much to formation of the attractive image of the city.

IntroductionDecontextualization is a concept from psychology whereby new words are learned outside of the context of the here-and-now. Decontextualized language is used for discussing abstract concepts and is crucial to the development of academic language. When it comes to images, a dearth of context can lead to a lack of clarity, such as the use of ambiguous decontextualized images in environmental communication, leading to the promotion of greenwashing. Here we refer to decontextualization as the removal of wildlife from their wild ecological context. Images and videos of globally threatened species are increasingly popular on social media. Showing such taxa alongside humans may impact public perceptions of their abundance and need for conservation and can increase illegal trade. One group of animals that are particularly popular on social media platforms are the slow and pygmy lorises (Nycticebus spp., Xanthonycticebus spp.).MethodsHere, we examined 100 videos from three popular social media platforms (YouTube, TikTok, and Giphy) to calculate how often and in which ways these videos remove slow lorises from their natural ecological and behavioural context. We also examined views and likes to determine viewer engagement trends. We used relevant content from each site to assess the presence of decontextualization using five conditions.ResultsIn all but two videos, conditions of decontextualization were present and 77% of all videos had four to five conditions of decontextualization. Using Spearman correlation, we found a significant effect of decontextualization scores on the number of views and likes for YouTube and TikTok videos. Views were significantly higher when videos presented animals in anthropogenic settings (i.e., in human-made structures or in proximity of human artefacts). Additionally, views on TikTok and YouTube were significantly higher when animals displayed signs of stress or ill health and when they were in unnatural conditions.DiscussionOur case study of lorises provides an example of the danger of decontextualizing wild animals on social media. Public preference for imagery where animals are neglected is indicative that better guidelines need to be put in place and policed by social media platforms. Additionally, conservationists need to develop strategies to promote wild imagery and further explore decontextualization if we are to understand and address the drivers of the rampant illegal wildlife trade online.

En el contexto empresarial se presentan a diario múltiples problemas que ya han sido resueltos por otras personas anteriormente. Además se buscan informaciones en el exterior cuando la empresa cuenta con expertos en la materia que pudieran contribuir con su conocimiento y aportar a su capital intelectual. Estas situaciones se evidencian de forma particular en las universidades ya que confluyen diversas ciencias y sectores. Para evitar esto se comienza a implementar la Filosofía 2.0, que evita que se pierda el conocimiento organizacional facilitando la colaboración para compartir información, contactos y recursos entre sus miembros. En el caso de las universidades se acuña el término Universidad 2.0 que está asociado en gran medida al uso de herramientas y conceptos colaborativos de la Web 2.0 en sus procesos formativos y empresariales. Estas herramientas se encuentran enfocadas principalmente en las personas y en brindarles la posibilidad de socializar lo que saben convirtiéndose en participantes activos en la construcción y divulgación de nuevo conocimiento. En el presente trabajo se abordan los términos Web 2.0, Empresa 2.0 y Universidad 2.0, así como la marcada relación entre ellos. Además se da a conocer la evolución de la universidad hacia el trabajo colaborativo a través de la Web. Se muestran también herramientas colaborativas que apoyan la Gestión del Conocimiento en la Universidad 2.0. Por último, se proponen un grupo de ideas para la implantación de la Gestión del Conocimiento a través de herramientas colaborativas de la Web en una universidad cubana.

Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA), como la anorexia y la bulimia nerviosas, son un grave problema de salud mental, en aumento desde hace décadas, que afecta especialmente a mujeres en la adolescencia. Las variables más estudiadas asociadas a su aparición son los medios de comunicación y la publicidad. La aparición de internet, sobre todo de la Web 2.0, y el uso masivo de las redes sociales, ha desplazado a los medios de comunicación tradicionales y nos transporta hacia un nuevo escenario de factores de influencia en el desarrollo de los TCA. La presente revisión sistemática trata de conocer el estado actual de las investigaciones que relacionan las redes sociales como factor influyente en el desarrollo de la anorexia y la bulimia nerviosas. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda y análisis de material bibliográfico disponible en indexadoras como Google Académico, Scielo, Redalyc y Dialnet, y se procedió al estudio de 20 artículos de carácter científico. En el análisis de los artículos seleccionados parece encontrarse una relación entre el desarrollo de la anorexia y la bulimia nerviosas entre las mujeres y variables vinculadas con las redes sociales. Con los datos encontrados se puede presuponer que las redes sociales han ocupado el espacio de los medios de comunicación tradicionales, por lo que han asumido su papel y perpetúan el problema de los estereotipos de belleza ya existentes, pero añadiéndole el factor social del que los anteriores carecían. También se concluyó que no es posible hablar de redes sociales, en general, puesto que estas son muy heterogéneas, siendo Facebook e Instagram las más relacionadas con la anorexia y la bulimia nerviosas.

Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA), como la anorexia y la bulimia nerviosas, son un grave problema de salud mental, en aumento desde hace décadas, que afecta especialmente a mujeres en la adolescencia. Las variables más estudiadas asociadas a su aparición son los medios de comunicación y la publicidad. La aparición de internet, sobre todo de la Web 2.0, y el uso masivo de las redes sociales, ha desplazado a los medios de comunicación tradicionales y nos transporta hacia un nuevo escenario de factores de influencia en el desarrollo de los TCA. La presente revisión sistemática trata de conocer el estado actual de las investigaciones que relacionan las redes sociales como factor influyente en el desarrollo de la anorexia y la bulimia nerviosas. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda y análisis de material bibliográfico disponible en indexadoras como Google Académico, Scielo, Redalyc y Dialnet, y se procedió al estudio de 20 artículos de carácter científico. En el análisis de los artículos seleccionados parece encontrarse una relación entre el desarrollo de la anorexia y la bulimia nerviosas entre las mujeres y variables vinculadas con las redes sociales. Con los datos encontrados se puede presuponer que las redes sociales han ocupado el espacio de los medios de comunicación tradicionales, por lo que han asumido su papel y perpetúan el problema de los estereotipos de belleza ya existentes, pero añadiéndole el factor social del que los anteriores carecían. También se concluyó que no es posible hablar de redes sociales, en general, puesto que estas son muy heterogéneas, siendo Facebook e Instagram las más relacionadas con la anorexia y la bulimia nerviosas.

As a popular Web 2.0 technology, wikis have gained momentum in educational contexts. To give further empirical support to the use of wikis in foreign language education, this research probed the usefulness of a wiki-based writing instruction on the writing skill and self-efficacy of Chinese English-as-a-foreign language (EFL) learners. For this purpose, 53 EFL students in a foreign language school in China were selected as the participants. The two classes were assigned to an experimental group (N = 25) and a control group (N = 28). Over a period of 3 months, the experimental group was instructed based on wiki-based writing instruction while the control group was taught traditionally. The data were collected by administering IELTS writing tasks and a writing self-efficacy scale employed for pre- and post-tests. The results of data analysis indicated that both classes substantially enhanced their writing skill and writing self-efficacy. Nevertheless, the experimental group performed better than the control group in terms of both dependent variables, leading the researchers to conclude that the wiki-based writing instruction was significantly effective in boosting writing skill and self-efficacy of Chinese EFL learners. These outcomes can offer some worthwhile implications for EFL instructors.

En el contexto empresarial se presentan a diario múltiples problemas que ya han sido resueltos por otras personas anteriormente. Además se buscan informaciones en el exterior cuando la empresa cuenta con expertos en la materia que pudieran contribuir con su conocimiento y aportar a su capital intelectual. Estas situaciones se evidencian de forma particular en las universidades ya que confluyen diversas ciencias y sectores. Para evitar esto se comienza a implementar la Filosofía 2.0, que evita que se pierda el conocimiento organizacional facilitando la colaboración para compartir información, contactos y recursos entre sus miembros. En el caso de las universidades se acuña el término Universidad 2.0 que está asociado en gran medida al uso de herramientas y conceptos colaborativos de la Web 2.0 en sus procesos formativos y empresariales. Estas herramientas se encuentran enfocadas principalmente en las personas y en brindarles la posibilidad de socializar lo que saben convirtiéndose en participantes activos en la construcción y divulgación de nuevo conocimiento. En el presente trabajo se abordan los términos Web 2.0, Empresa 2.0 y Universidad 2.0, así como la marcada relación entre ellos. Además se da a conocer la evolución de la universidad hacia el trabajo colaborativo a través de la Web. Se muestran también herramientas colaborativas que apoyan la Gestión del Conocimiento en la Universidad 2.0. Por último, se proponen un grupo de ideas para la implantación de la Gestión del Conocimiento a través de herramientas colaborativas de la Web en una universidad cubana.

Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA), como la anorexia y la bulimia nerviosas, son un grave problema de salud mental, en aumento desde hace décadas, que afecta especialmente a mujeres en la adolescencia. Las variables más estudiadas asociadas a su aparición son los medios de comunicación y la publicidad. La aparición de internet, sobre todo de la Web 2.0, y el uso masivo de las redes sociales, ha desplazado a los medios de comunicación tradicionales y nos transporta hacia un nuevo escenario de factores de influencia en el desarrollo de los TCA. La presente revisión sistemática trata de conocer el estado actual de las investigaciones que relacionan las redes sociales como factor influyente en el desarrollo de la anorexia y la bulimia nerviosas. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda y análisis de material bibliográfico disponible en indexadoras como Google Académico, Scielo, Redalyc y Dialnet, y se procedió al estudio de 20 artículos de carácter científico. En el análisis de los artículos seleccionados parece encontrarse una relación entre el desarrollo de la anorexia y la bulimia nerviosas entre las mujeres y variables vinculadas con las redes sociales. Con los datos encontrados se puede presuponer que las redes sociales han ocupado el espacio de los medios de comunicación tradicionales, por lo que han asumido su papel y perpetúan el problema de los estereotipos de belleza ya existentes, pero añadiéndole el factor social del que los anteriores carecían. También se concluyó que no es posible hablar de redes sociales, en general, puesto que estas son muy heterogéneas, siendo Facebook e Instagram las más relacionadas con la anorexia y la bulimia nerviosas.

Based on David Gauntlett’s Web 2.0 approach of media audiences, this article argues that while Islamophobic discourses may be hegemonic in the British media in general, and the online media in particular, counter-Islamophobic ones have real potentials to subvert the anti-Muslims hegemony in contemporary Britain. Online media users, both as producers and consumers of mass-mediated representations, are empowered to blur the boundaries between the real and the virtual spaces in the construction of different conceptions of their own identities as well as of those of the others. To this end, comparatively, the comments of the users of two YouTube videos are analyzed and critically appraised to identify how they prosumed the different representations of Muslim communities of/in Britain. It is suggested that YouTube users contribute, from their respective subject positions, to the construction of diverse conceptualizations of their own identities and those of others as well. Their prosumed representations both entrench and defy a hierarchy of Islamophobic and Islamophallic images of Islam and Muslims in contemporary multicultural Britain.

Online commenting has, at first glance, enabled the revival of the public sphere in which practically every man has the opportunity to have his voice heard. However, practical problems and specifics of this type of public communication indicate that commenting online is significantly different from the initially predominant idealistic assumptions. The aim of this paper is to investigate how and to what extent Internet users in Serbia are involved in online commenting, why and how they see the impact and significance of this phenomenon as a whole. The research was conducted by means of a questionnaire completed by 225 respondents. The results were analyzed by descriptive and comparative statistical methods and indicate that less than a half of the citizens do comment online, that most of them do not think it is possible to change other people's opinions in this manner, but they still consider it important and influential. Certain differences have also been observed in relation to the respondents' age and level of education.

IntroductionNowadays, social networks are an essential part of daily life, and it's safe to say that the majority of the world's population uses at least one social media platform. With the advancement of technology and the prevalence of the Internet, social networks have become an integral tool for communication and information sharing. As more citizens turn to web 2.0 services and social media platforms, governments are increasingly considering using them as a channel for service delivery. In this research, we aim to identify the factors that impact the government's use of social media for service provision. By doing so, governments can gain a better understanding of the factors that influence their decision to enter this field and take more informed steps in this regard.Research Question(s)In this article, we aim to address two key questions: if the government intends to provide services through social media tools, which set of influential factors will be at play, and which of these factors will be driving versus prevented? Identifying these factors is critical for the government to better understand the factors that influence its decision to enter this field and take more informed steps in this regard. Literature ReviewAccording to Mergel's study in 2016, the adoption of social media in the American government requires careful consideration of two key activities: strategic alignment and routinization. Strategic alignment involves ensuring that the use of social media is in line with the government's overall objectives and priorities, while routinization involves establishing clear processes and procedures for using social media, as well as ensuring that it becomes ingrained in the daily routines of government employees and citizens alike. By taking these factors into account, governments can better ensure that the use of social media for service provision is sustainable and effective.Gregory (2016) examined the relationship between public sector social media usage and citizens' trust in e-government websites. Using a sample of 1100 citizens in Seoul, South Korea, the study found that increased use of e-government websites is negatively correlated with citizens' satisfaction and trust. On the other hand, the findings suggested that the use of social media by the government can lead to higher levels of trust and satisfaction among citizens. While the study was limited to a single city in South Korea, it provides valuable insights into the relationship between government social media usage and public trust.Wukick and Mergel (2016) investigated the repurposing of social media information in American public sector institutions. The study highlighted that government organizations often default to trusted sources of social media information rather than seeking out new sources, and that private institutions may utilize social media to communicate their messages directly to citizens. These findings indicate that the use of social media may be limiting the range of information available to the public and introducing a degree of bias into public discourse.Reddick et al.'s (2017) research studied the utilization of social media, particularly Facebook, in providing government services. The study utilized a double-loop learning theory approach to evaluate the relationship between the government and citizens. The findings showed that the government uses Facebook to modify citizens' behavior toward organizations and promote greater support. Additionally, the study found that social media is effective in monitoring citizens' needs and prioritizing them based on different categories. Overall, this study suggests that social media can be a powerful tool in delivering government services and enhancing communication between the public sector and citizens.Aizhan et al.'s (2017) study examined the utilization of social media in the e-government sector for the public health sector. The research was conducted as a systematic review, in which studies related to the topic were examined. Out of 2441 related studies, 22 were fully examined. The findings of the study suggested that transparency, accountability, public participation, and cooperation were prominent characteristics of using social media in the government service sector. The study aimed at providing insights into the potential benefits of social media for public health services and highlighting the need for further research in this area.Medaglia and Zhu (2017) investigated the use of social media by Chinese government agencies. This study analyzed data from Weibo, a Chinese social media platform, and aimed to understand the public's opinion on government social media accounts. The study used a sample of 417 users and found that there was a lack of engagement and interaction on government social media, leading to a decrease in creative ideas. Additionally, users had a lower evaluation of government social media compared to other platforms. These findings suggest that government agencies may need to reevaluate their strategies for effectively using social media for public outreach.Rodriguez et al.'s (2018) study investigated the strategies employed by different governments to utilize social media for providing services to their citizens. The research was conducted on Latin American local governments and assessed the impact of differing social media strategies on citizen participation in governmental decisions. The findings showed that the use of various social media platforms by local governments can lead to increased engagement from citizens and enhance their participation in decision-making processes.Eom et al. (2018) addressed the issue of "Can social media increase government accountability?" This study was conducted in South Korea. The results of the study showed that the mayor of Seoul plays the most important role in Twitter networks. Especially, the mayor acts as a bridge between different categories of citizens and government officials and follows up on citizens' communications. MethodologyIn order to investigate the drivers and preventers of social media usage for government service delivery in a meta-composite research framework, Sandelowski and Barroso's 7-step meta-Analysis method was utilized. This approach enabled the identification of a suitable number of articles that met the inclusion criteria. After applying the Glynn tool to evaluate the quality of the articles, 39 publications were deemed suitable for inclusion in the final review. A meta-combination method was subsequently used to determine the drivers and preventers of government social media usage for service delivery. The analysis revealed four factors - managerial, organizational, human, and infrastructural - that influenced the effectiveness of social media usage for service delivery. The final decision on the type of effect (propelling or preventive) of each of the factors was made based on a comprehensive review of the literature and an assessment of the existing limitations in the country from this perspective. ResultsIn this research, we sought to find a set of requirements that governments can identify before using social media tools to provide their services to the beneficiaries, and increase their chances of success in managing the service delivery process.As a result, the 4 factors affecting the government's use of social media for service delivery were identified - managerial, organizational, human, and infrastructural. A decision on the type of effect of each factor (propelling or preventive) was made based on the information provided in the research and the limitations that exist in the country with regard to this perspective.The management factors affecting the government's use of social media for service delivery include 4 sub-factors: transparency, enforcement, manager training, and capital budgeting. The study aimed to identify these requirements to increase the chances of success in managing the service delivery process.Managerial factors:1-Transparency sub-factor: preventive2-Executive sub-factor: preventive3-The sub-factor of Manager training: preventive4-Sub-factor of Capital budgeting: preventiveBased on the research findings, it is clear that the government needs to pay attention to the management factors, including transparency, enforcement, manager training, and capital budgeting, when using social media to deliver services. If these factors are not adequately addressed, they may serve as obstacles to the effective use of social media for service delivery. Therefore, it is recommended that the government take into consideration these factors and implement appropriate measures to maximize the benefits of social media-driven service delivery. The organizational factors affecting the government's use of social media for the purpose of providing services include 3 sub-factors of organizational policies, organizational structure and communication, and organizational processes.Organizational factors:1-Sub-factor of organizational policies: preventive2-Organizational structure and communication sub-factor: Preventive3-Sub factor of organizational processes: preventiveIt is imperative to consider the organizational factors, including organizational policies, organizational structure and communication, and organizational processes, when using social media to deliver services. Failure to pay attention to these sub-factors will act as hurdles in the effective use of social media for service delivery.The human factors affecting the government's use of social media for the purpose of providing services can be broken down into four sub-factors: user education, user resistance, usability of the social media platform, and citizens' experience.Human factors:1-User training sub-factor: preventive2-User resistance sub-factor: preventive3-Functionality sub-factor: preventive4-Citizen experience sub-factor: motivatorAfter examining the findings, it is clear that human factors must be taken into account in order for the government to effectively use social media. Specifically, the factors that affect success include: user education, resistance to changing behavior, usability of the social media platform, and citizen's experience. If these factors are not addressed, they can act as obstacles to the effective use of social media. However, the factor of citizen's experience - established and early habituation to using social media - can act as a driving force to encourage the government to adopt social media.The infrastructural factors affecting the government's use of social media for the purpose of providing services include 5 sub-factors of technical infrastructure, financial infrastructure, legal infrastructure, specialized infrastructure and cultural infrastructure.Infrastructural factors:1-Technical infrastructure sub-factor: motivator2-Sub-factor of financial infrastructure: preventive3-Legal infrastructure sub-factor: preventive4-Specialized infrastructure sub-factor: preventive5-Cultural infrastructure sub-factor: preventiveIt has been determined that infrastructural factors, including financial, legal, specialized, and cultural infrastructures, affect the government's use of social media for service delivery. Without these necessary components, the effectiveness of social media for this purpose may decrease. However, since the required technical infrastructure exists in the country and most regions, the infrastructure factor may serve as a driving force for successful implementation. Conclusion The government must be motivated to use social media to serve its beneficiaries. In order for this to happen, it is essential for the government to have the necessary will to provide its services via social media. To achieve this, it is important to identify the set of factors, including advantages (motivators) and obstacles (preventives), which will affect the government's use of social media. These factors should be used to create a positive influence on the government's performance.With the help of motivators and stimulators, governments can increase the speed of their action. By understanding the obstacles that they may face on this path, governments can either independently or through the use of available resources, reduce or eliminate these obstacles, and streamline their actions.

Migraine is the second leading cause of maladjustment, and the burden of migraine is determined by its impact on work ability, social activity and family relationships.Objective: to identify the patterns of behavior of Russian patients with migraine, factors affecting their quality of life, and the level of awareness of the disease based on a semantic analysis of messages in Web 2.0.Patients and methods. The study is based on the results of semantic processing (automated analysis of natural language texts, taking into account their meaning) of anonymized messages from 6566 unique authors (patients and their relatives) from social networks and forums (over 73 thousand messages over 10 years, 2010–2020). In addition, the study was carried out exclusively according to the data indicated in the messages. In this regard, complete data for several parameters was not available for analysis. No personal data about the authors of the messages was collected or used. The sex was determined based on the text of the analyzed message. For the study, only open data from the Internet from social networks and forums was used.Results and discussion. A landscape of problems of persons complaining of migraine issues was formed. Factors affecting the quality of life were grouped into four main groups (“Lifestyle restrictions by triggers of migraine attacks”, “Loss of opportunity to work”, “Serious psychological problems”, “Family planning issues”); additional, rarer, but acute problems were also identified. The analyzed messages show that the average number of days with migraines is 9.4 per month; 21.8% of patients report daily migraines. Moreover, most patients have been suffering from attacks for 10 years or more, and 9% of patients – for 30 years or more. The analysis of diagnostic patterns showed that in most cases, patients independently resorted to additional examination methods, while only 13.1% of patients had experience of adequate preventive therapy.Conclusion. The study demonstrated the presence of a wide range of unmet needs, quality of life problems both in patients themselves and their caregivers, as well as a significant social and economic burden of this disease (including a long-term burden on the economy, which can be used as arguments for reimbursing the cost of migraine therapy) based on the text messages on migraine in open sources on the Internet.

As the use of Web 2.0 proves to be beneficial in foreign language learning contexts, this quantitative study focuses on the use of Web 2.0 tools for the development of communication skills in English, specifically in higher education. In order to investigate the participants’ perceptions, 341 undergraduate students and 70 faculty members from Portuguese higher education institutions responded to an online survey. They were asked to associate a list of Web 2.0 tool types to the communication skills they believed that could be developed in English language learning. The general results from both groups show that video sharing tools (for listening and speaking) and presentation tools (for reading and writing) are the ones that the respondents consider to be mostly used in class. A deeper analysis allows us to identify other tools that are mostly used in face-to-face and distance learning contexts and we suggest this list can work as a guideline for faculty members in their practice.

La evolución de las Nuevas Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (NTIC) ha motivado cambios en la interacción del museo con sus visitantes, promoviendo una comunicación multidireccional entre usuario y museo a través del uso de las Redes Sociales (RRSS) que permite obviar la distancia física. La pandemia mundial ha acelerado todo este proceso, convirtiéndo los museos en una ventana a la sociedad durante los meses de confinamiento. A través de este estudio se pretende conocer cómo ha influido dicha pandemia en el uso de las RRSS (Facebook, Twitter e Instagram) por parte de los museos. El método seguido se ha basado en la observación y registro de las publicaciones de los museos de la muestra en las diferentes categorías diseñadas con anterioridad. Esta información ha sido ampliada y contrastada por medio de la realización de entrevistas a los gestores de los departamentos educativos de dichos museos. Los resultados reflejan un importante aumento de las publicaciones durante los meses de confinamiento, con un mayor interés en el público escolar, y una progresiva reducción en los meses siguientes, debido principalmente a la dificultad al tratar de compatibilizar estas tareas con las presenciales, desvelando así una nueva oportunidad de interacción.

The current study aims to determine the extent of awareness of free online scholarly research tools among Arab compared to non-Arab scholars in the field of library and information science. This study measures rates of usage, perceived advantages and disadvantages, and the methods of discovering these tools which defined as tools that are used to help postgraduate students and academics interested in scholarly to prepare their scientific research easily and freely. The study adopted the quantitative approach in collecting data through the survey of (256) participants, including (132) Arab researchers and (124) non- Arab researchers. The results of the study indicated that there are (66) free scholarly tools used to prepare scientific research on the Internet. Despite the advantages offered by free online scholarly tools such as saving time and effort (24.48%). The awareness of these tools is still insufficient on the part of Arab researchers in libraries and information field (60.6%) in exchange for raising awareness on the part of non-Arab researchers (93.5%). So, it is necessary to the advertising of these tools adequately and teach it for Arab researchers in all fields. Further in-depth research in the future recommended to determine the functional quality and the possibility of their adoption in library and information science research. Finally, this study is not only important for researchers, but also for software developers and producers of these tools, Where they can benefit from the results of this study to find out the researchers' insights and their needs from these tools and work to meet them in the future.

Digital platforms are a primary means of communication in society. Public libraries play an empowering role in these processes, strengthening citizens’ digital competences. This raises questions about what democratic processes the digital technology is made to enable. The study investigates how a Swedish Digital Library (DL) is envisioned and organised within a national digitalisation strategy. Qualitative methods are used, and a theoretical democracy framework is developed and used together with the concepts of education and Bildung in the analysis. Four empirical themes are identified. The analysis centres on tensions related to horizontality and hierarchy, and Bildung and sociality. The DL vision is dominated by a hierarchical and instrumental educational vision that connects to representative democracy. A subordinated social and pedagogical vision of inner motivational drives and partial forms of sharing, connected to deliberative and semi-participatory democracy forms, exists, mostly in the form of some cherry-picked Web 2.0 discourses.

The democratization of personal computers and their increasing role as tools of individual empowerment, starting in the second half of the 1980s, brought along new ways of interpersonal communication on what was about to be known as cyberspace (Barlow 1990). The examples of The WELL, founded by Larry Brilliant and Stewart Brand in 1985, and of the alt. groups created by John Gilmore (Electronic Frontier Foundation co-founder) and Brian Reid in 1987, both in the San Francisco Bay Area, illustrate new territories of free speech on an electronic frontier under construction (Rheingold 1993; Dyson 1998). Inspired by the libertarian ideals of the local counterculture and the 1964 Berkeley Free Speech Movement, these two forums of discussion embody a techno-social revolution underway. One where the sharing of information - that may otherwise be judged as taboo in the offline world - is encouraged. Both The WELL and the alt. groups embody the development of virtual communities where online speech not only liberates itself from mainstream society, but also creates novel ways of socializing on a new "augmented territory" (Musso 2010, 76). Based on on-site archival research and personal meetings with the main founders and members of these platforms (Brand, Brilliant, Felsenstein, Gilmore), this paper reflects on how the personal computer and online network access revolutionized communication and communities, both online and offline. How did these groups manage to implement the American constitutional value of free speech on cyberspace? With implications and repercussions (such as "fake news") still tangible nowadays through web 2.0, this paper proposes to shed some light on the digital revolution of the 1980s and 1990s and how it can help us navigate the ongoing controversies occurring on modern social networks.

In a year marked by social unrest and a global pandemic, the 2020 presidential election occurred within a context of polarization and incivility. An American Democracy Project (ADP) campus believed that two ways to offset these complications were teaching students how to maintain norms of civility and helping students gain political knowledge that positioned them to contribute to online political discussions. ADP used Web 2.0 tools, namely social media and a web conferencing platform, to host political civic engagement activities and to promote civil political participation. Written from the perspective of a campus ADP chair, this reflective essay draws upon (in)civility, undergraduate political engagement, and online political discourse bodies of literature to offer suggestions for experimenting with Web 2.0 tools as a way to encourage students’ political civic engagement. In doing so, educators learn techniques for helping students become civil, informed, and engaged citizens in a polarized era.

O objetivo deste artigo é fornecer uma discussão epistemológica sobre as fake news, entendendo-as não apenas como notícias falsas, mas, de uma forma mais ampla, como informações falsas provenientes de ações deliberadas de desinformação, movidas por interesses econômicos, políticos, ideológicos e sociais, divulgadas em mídias impressas, televisivas, radiofônicas e digitais (online), mormente em redes sociais da internet. Para tanto, discuto a ideia de participação na internet, tomando como base o conceito de Web 2.0, situando-o à luz do conceito de multissinóptico. Em seguida, mostro como elementos de natureza sociotécnica das redes sociais da internet, ao envolverem agentes humanos e não humanos, são mais complexos do que os meios tradicionais de comunicação de massa, e como isso contribui para a produção e proliferação de fake news. Por fim, teço algumas considerações sobre o que entendo como educação crítica para lidar com as fake news no contexto atual, buscando, assim, apresentar algumas alternativas que sejam factíveis e possam nos fazer “esperançar” o futuro.

Web 2.0-based learning enables collaborative learning and knowledge sharing and makes an important contribution to student learning. This study extended the original Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by considering the effects of tool literacy, metacognitive self-regulation, subjective norm, facilitating conditions, and institutional support to understand pre-service teachers' intentions to use Web 2.0 technology in their courses. The sample data of 318 responses were from pre-service teachers. Structural equation modeling results showed a good fit for the extended model, indicating that metacognitive self-regulation and subjective norm had a significant influence on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, while institutional support and enabling conditions were not significantly associated with them. In addition, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness influenced attitude, which in turn had a significant effect on intention. Furthermore, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and attitude acted as significant mediators of behavioral intention. The indirect effect of perceived ease of use on perceived usefulness and attitude, and the indirect effect of perceived usefulness on attitude were also significant. Overall, the current study helps researchers and practitioners better understand future teachers' intentions to use Web 2.0 technologies in their courses.

El lipdub o doblaje de labios es un fenómeno paradigmático de la cibercultura, una expresión audiovisual de contenido musical que bebe de fuentes como el videoclip, el play-black, la remezcla, la creación colectiva y el flash mob, y encuentra en la Red su principal canal de difusión. Vídeo, música e Internet confluyen en esta nueva experiencia creativa de carácter colaborativo, en la cual los usuarios –como es característico de la web 2.0-, adquieren un papel protagonista. Analizar los orígenes, las características formales y de contenido de esta nueva tipología de videoclip musical, así como sus usos y promotores o su incursión en otros medios, como la televisión, son los principales objetivos de este artículo.

Bu çalışmanın amacı çevrimiçi derslerde web 2.0 araçlarına dayalı etkinliklerin öğrencilerin yansıtıcı ve eleştirel düşünme ile problem çözme becerilerine olan etkilerini belirlemektir. Çalışma karma araştırma yönetimi ile yürütülmüştür. Bu bakımdan ön test son test deney kontrol gruplu desen ve içerik analizi yöntemi birlikte kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın araştırma grubu bir devlet üniversitesinin eğitim fakültesinde Bilişim Teknolojileri dersini alan toplam 42 Türkçe öğretmenliği bölümü öğrencisidir. Araştırma grubu kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesi yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın nicel verileri “Yansıtıcı Düşünme Düzeyini Belirleme Ölçeği”, “Marmara Eleştirel Düşünme Eğilimleri Ölçeği” ve “Problem Çözme Envanteri” ile, nitel verileri ise “Görüşme Formu” ile toplanmıştır. Çalışmanın nicel verileri bağımlı ve bağımsız grup t-testi ile nitel verileri ise içerik analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular deney grubunun yansıtıcı ve eleştirel düşünme becerileri bakımından kendi içinde ve kontrol grubuna göre başarılı olduğunu, problem çözme becerileri bakımından ise kontrol grubuna göre başarılı olduğunu göstermiştir. Öğrenci görüşlerine ilişkin bulgular ise çevrimiçi derslerde web 2.0 araçlarına dayalı etkinliklerin öğrencilerin yansıtıcı ve eleştirel düşünme ile problem çözmeye yönelik becerileri üzerinde etkili olduğuna ilişkin görüşlerin önemli bir çoğunlukta olduğunu göstermiştir. Buna ek olarak çevrimiçi derslerde web 2.0 araçlarına dayalı etkinliklerin dersin amaçlarına uygun ve kullanımının gerekli olduğu yönündeki görüşlerinde oldukça fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak çevrimiçi derslerde web 2.0 araçlarına dayalı etkinliklerin öğrencilerin yansıtıcı ve eleştirel düşünme ile problem çözme becerilerine önemli etkileri olduğu söylenebilir.

Actualmente la comunicación digital es un aspecto fundamental para los museos e instituciones culturales, pero es necesario integrarla en la estructura global de la institución y abordarla de una forma estratégica. El cierre que los museos han vivido durante el confinamiento ha supuesto una situación excepcional en la que la comunicación online y las redes sociales han cobrado gran protagonismo. Ha sido un momento para volcarse en ellas, pero también para reflexionar y sacar conclusiones con las que mejorar la forma en que comunicamos. Este artículo pretende dar a conocer la estrategia de comunicación seguida por el Museo Arqueológico Nacional (MAN) durante el confinamiento y tras su posterior reapertura, así como analizar los resultados obtenidos con esta y abordar las conclusiones extraídas y lecciones aprendidas durante este intenso periodo de trabajo.

El desarrollo de aplicaciones web Mashup ha adquirido relevancia en los últimos siete años. Entre las herramientas y tecnologías disponibles para estas aplicaciones híbridas se destacan los componentes feed (ATOM y RSS), que permiten obtener datos de diferentes fuentes y formatos (XML y JSON). El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar y aplicar técnicas y estrategias para la extracción, composición e integración de contenidos provenientes de diversos feed relacionados a periódicos digitales. Para lograr este objetivo procedimos a: (i) estudiar y seleccionar herramientas y componentes para el desarrollo de mashup de noticias; (ii) definir, analizar y seleccionar esquemas de diseño de visualización/interfaz de mashup; y (iii) prototipar y evaluar la implementación de mashup de noticias. A partir de los resultados se desarrolló un portal de noticias en el cual se pueden visualizar las novedades de la Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, publicados por periódicos digitales locales. Además, se elaboró una guía de recomendaciones para la creación de este tipo de mashup.

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar cuáles son las potencialidades y limitaciones de Facebook en la promoción del activismo sobre cuestiones ambientales en estudiantes de básica secundaria, enmarcada dentro del paradigma de la complejidad y la teoría de la actividad, bajo el enfoque de la investigación-acción y el estudio de caso. En los resultados se encuentra que los alumnos tuvieron una evolución positiva respecto a las formas de actuar en situaciones relacionadas con problemas ambientales, fortalecieron el trabajo colaborativo y hubo aprendizaje significativo de temas relacionados con el activismo sobre asuntos ambientales; además, aprendieron a utilizar Facebook para la comunicación de temas ambientales. Al finalizar, se asevera que la inclusión de las herramientas virtuales en las clases de ciencias posibilita el cambio de actitudes en los alumnos y permite enseñarles a enfrentarse, como verdaderos ciudadanos, a los problemas ambientales globales y locales, lo que contribuye a mejorar su calidad de vida.

Her ne koşulda olursa olsun insanoğlu sosyal bir varlıktır. Bu özelliği ona iletişimin devamlılığını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Dönem dönem değişen iletişim olanaklarına rağmen insan muhatabına her şekilde seslenmeyi başarabilmektedir. Günümüze gelindiğinde bu değişim daha hızlı bir şekilde olmaktadır. Bugünün seslenme aygıtları ise yeni iletişim teknolojileridir. Yeni iletişim teknolojilerinin getirileri olan yeni medya ve uygulamaları bireylere iletişebilme özgürlüğü tanımaktadır. Bu çalışmada yeni medya organlarının en popülerlerinde olan video içerik üreticisi YouTube’un reklam alanında kullanımı irdelenmiştir. Bu çerçevede geleneksel medya, sosyal medya ve reklam kavramları ele alınmıştır. İkinci bölümde YouTube’un konumlandırmasından sonra araştırmanın bulguları sunulmuştur. Çalışmanın araştırma aşamasında nicel bir araştırma yöntemi olan uygulama Sakarya Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi öğrencilerine uygulanmıştır. Bu araştırmalardan elde edilen bulgular SPSS 20.0 programı ile ölçülmüş ve sonuçlar yorumlanmıştır. Aynı zamanda yapılan anket çalışmasında alt problemleri de değerlendirmeye aldığımızda Sakarya Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi öğrencileri YouTube’un reklam alanında ne konumda olduğunu ve kullanılıp kullanılmadığı ortaya konulmuştur. Sonuç olarak tüm bu bilgiler ışığında yeni medya insanların internet kullanım alışkanlıklarını büyük ölçüde değiştirmiştir. İç içe geçmiş medya kavramı birbirinden beslenir hale gelmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Medya, Sosyal Medya, YouTube, Reklam, Web 2.0

Although the need to guarantee human rights has been long acknowledged, efforts towards their full realization seem limited to the sole reliance on the conventional top-down approach to development. However, current development discourse emphasizes the centrality of people’s involvement in social development, such as human rights promotion, and the social media seem to hold considerable prospects in the actualization of this goal. Using a survey of 1,000 respondents drawn from states across Nigeria, this study investigates how new media technologies, such as social media, are shifting focus from the sole reliance on the mainstream media and influencing public involvement in human rights promotion in Nigeria. Findings showed that the social media have engendered community-wide engagements of people in efforts aimed at reducing cases of human rights violation in Nigeria, as people do not only get exposed to human rights issues on the social media, but also participate in their discussion and promotion. Overall, using the social media for human rights advocacy was significantly associated with respondents’ gender (.528**), education (.674**), perception (.753**), and social media exposure (.421**). Hence, there is the need for stakeholders to leverage the potentials of the social media in the promotion of people’s fundamental rights.

In recent years, the study of online consumption behavior has gradually formed its research system and analysis model based on the inheritance of traditional research paradigms, focusing on the inner mechanism of consumption models explained by consumption activities. Online consumption is based on the research scenario of social e-commerce and forms a broad research network through the extension of consumer objects, consumer psychology, and consumer concepts. Although the theoretical constructs of online consumer behavior continue to improve, the relevant studies still do not fully grasp the research frontiers due to the lagging research nature. In the context of Web 2.0, it is impossible to run through the latest developments in online consumption research. Moreover, the study of online consumer behavior has shown a trend of diversification and multiple schools of thought, and a research jungle has emerged, which in essence is the perfection and new height of the study of consumerism. This paper analyses the origins, frontiers, and prospects of online consumer behavior research to clarify the formation principles, development paths, and future directions of the online consumer behavior research jungle. Ultimately based on the economic changes in the post-pandemic context, this paper integrates and proposes an evolving mechanism for studying online consumption behavior, intending to achieve a peek into and reveal the jungle of online consumption research.