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The article is aimed at researching the infrastructure and infrastructural-transformational processes of the formation and development of the investment potential of the region. Infrastructure provision of investment processes in the Black Sea region is analyzed. The analysis showed that, in general, the region has a fairly strong infrastructure potential, which, if used efficiently, is an important basis for developing the investment potential of the economy. A comparative analysis of development of the region’s transport and logistics subsystem of investment potential showed that, despite the rather high performance indicators of enterprises in the region, there are some problems in the territories of the region related to the state of road surfaces, especially on roads of regional importance; reduction of service infrastructure and lower, compared to the average indicators’ values, functional characteristics of individual services. It is substantiated that the infrastructure potential of the region due to insufficient governmental support and certain transformations going on in the economy is not used thoroughly and requires the development of comprehensive strategic solutions to optimize and adapt to the needs of the region’s economic development in the long term.

Abstract Background Functional assessments of the heart by dynamic cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) commonly rely on (i) electrocardiographic (ECG) gating yielding pseudo real-time cine representations, (ii) balanced gradient-echo sequences referred to as steady-state free precession (SSFP), and (iii) breath holding or respiratory gating. Problems may therefore be due to the need for a robust ECG signal, the occurrence of arrhythmia and beat to beat variations, technical instabilities (e.g., SSFP "banding" artefacts), and limited patient compliance and comfort. Here we describe a new approach providing true real-time CMR with image acquisition times as short as 20 to 30 ms or rates of 30 to 50 frames per second. Methods The approach relies on a previously developed real-time MR method, which combines a strongly undersampled radial FLASH CMR sequence with image reconstruction by regularized nonlinear inversion. While iterative reconstructions are currently performed offline due to limited computer speed, online monitoring during scanning is accomplished using gridding reconstructions with a sliding window at the same frame rate but with lower image quality. Results Scans of healthy young subjects were performed at 3 T without ECG gating and during free breathing. The resulting images yield T1 contrast (depending on flip angle) with an opposed-phase or in-phase condition for water and fat signals (depending on echo time). They completely avoid (i) susceptibility-induced artefacts due to the very short echo times, (ii) radiofrequency power limitations due to excitations with flip angles of 10° or less, and (iii) the risk of peripheral nerve stimulation due to the use of normal gradient switching modes. For a section thickness of 8 mm, real-time images offer a spatial resolution and total acquisition time of 1.5 mm at 30 ms and 2.0 mm at 22 ms, respectively. Conclusions Though awaiting thorough clinical evaluation, this work describes a robust and flexible acquisition and reconstruction technique for real-time CMR at the ultimate limit of this technology.