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Studies illustrate progress in financial technology in Pakistan; nevertheless, the uncertain obstacle that prevents clients from adopting financial technology remains unclear. The research on the perceived risk, particularly in using financial technology in Pakistan, is limited. Therefore, this research bridges this gap. Two hundred ten members partook in this exploration. We have used the structural equation modeling approach to probe the acquired information and hypothesis. Empirical results show that three of eight perceived risk factors: performance risk, financial risk, and overall risk, have a substantial adverse effect on the intention to utilize financial technology. The highest impact was performance risk, followed by financial risk and overall risk. Whereas the other five risks: social risk, time risk, security risk, legal risk, and psychological risk, statistically have no substantial adverse effect on intent to utilize financial technology. The outcomes help experts better conceptualize and diminish hazard boundaries in planning for the disturbance of financial technology (fintech). Experts are likewise encouraged to focus on fintech’s operational aptitudes and utilitarian framework execution in fintech administrations.

Researches depict a considerable degree of acknowledgment of financial technology improvement in Pakistan. However, the costs blocking clients' intention to utilize financial technology remain dubious. Building upon Transaction Cost Economics and Innovation diffusion theory, this paper hypothesizes that consumers' transaction cost of fintech is affected by nine antecedents: perceived asset specificity, complexity, product uncertainty, behavioral uncertainty, transaction frequency, dependability, limitations, convenience, and economic utility. Transaction cost has a negative relationship with consumers' intentions to use fintech for online buying or availing services. We tested the model using data gathered from the individuals. The results show that factors that are positively related to consumers' perceived transaction cost, among them product uncertainty (β = 0.231) is the greatest of factors, followed by behavior uncertainty (β = 0.209) and asset specificity (β = 0.17), those that are negatively associated are dependability (β = 0.11), and convenience (β = 0.224). The study is limited in scope, focusing primarily on cost factors. Future research may analyze additional cost-related elements and the actual use of financial technology by using samples from different countries.

Blockchain and cryptocurrencies are transformative fintech breakthroughs that infiltrate the financial sector; however, they have many drawbacks and limits. Consumers have shown an insufficient level of acceptance of these innovations. This paper elucidates the main reasons for the effective growth of a cryptocurrency from user behavior. The objective is to determine what factors influence consumers’ intentions to engage in blockchain-based cryptocurrency dealings. Considering the complexity of emerging technologies, this paper applied an integration model which assumes various external elements such as financial literacy, performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, effort expectancy, awareness, trust, design, and social influence. Smart PLS3 has been used. The most critical determinant of a cryptocurrency’s growth is “design.” On the other hand, “design” affects effort expectancy positively, and social influence affects trust. Awareness, performance expectancy, financial literacy, and effort expectancy significantly affect intentions to use cryptocurrency. It’s worth mentioning that it is the first research to examine Pakistani customers’ perceptions of Bitcoin and their ability to partake. As a result, it is intended to serve as a base for potential research in this area.

IntroductionIn the construction of emergency engineering, the effective participation of organizations such as government and construction enterprises can improve engineering emergency services to emergency adaptive, which faces the challenge of the enthusiasm of enterprises’ emergency participation. This study proposed a new diversified social governance mode for public emergency facility construction.MethodsThis paper empirically analyzes the performance of stock market returns before and after construction enterprises’ participation in emergency engineering.ResultsAgainst the backdrop of COVID-19, the analysis based on the sample data of 141 listed companies found that both construction enterprises directly involved in emergency hospital construction and non-state-owned enterprises involved in donations have higher excess return rates. In contrast, social concern has a positive mediating effect between emergency donations and stock market returns. The study suggests that stock market returns from donation behavior and reputation capital become incentives for firms to actively participate in emergency donations, providing a behavioral basis for professional donations by construction firms.DiscussionBased on the above assumptions, this paper proposes the organizational model of emergency engineering construction and the “Engineering Community” relationship based on the “Engineering Multi-governance” theory. This paper is the first to study the emergency engineering construction model from the perspective of professional donation behavior.

This study explores the preferred behavior of self-management among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and offers suggestions for different patients from personalized medicine. According to some related references, a questionnaire was designed in 2020 to collect data from 131 patients with CKD in a general hospital. The Sampling patients showed no difference in their disease progress. The questionnaire covered two aspects of demographic and behavior with 29 items on six dimensions. Statistical methods such as a descriptive analysis of the F test in behavior dimensions on demographic characteristics and Principal component analysis from items have been applied to classify some kinds of self-management behavior into different groups. In the demographic insight, employment status closely relates to self-management behavior, and income is insignificant. In the behavior aspects, according to some key items, we found four types of self–management behavior preferred in the sorting: cognitive-knowledge, Diet-exercise-medical, emotion management, and exercise-medical, which were defined by behavior dimensions. Although patients had the same disease progress, their self-management behavior mainly existed in four types based on critical factors. According to their favorite behavior and personality group, healthcare stakeholders can offer lean support for improving patients' self-management of CKD in China.