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This study investigated the temporal and spatial patterns of heat wave (HW) events in Jiangxi, China. Our analysis is based on the observation data, including daily maximum temperature and daily average air relative humidity from 81 meteorological stations from 1959 to 2023. We also examined the impact of HW events on summer electricity consumption by taking the capital city of Jiangxi, Nanchang, as a case study. The results reveal an overall increase in the frequency of HW events over the past 65 years, with a pronounced increase since 1997, particularly in central and southern Jiangxi. The onset of HW events has generally occurred earlier, while their cessation has been delayed across most areas of Jiangxi Province, resulting in extended HW periods. Economic growth in regions like the Jitai Basin, the Ganfu Plain, and the hilly areas of northeastern Jiangxi has been accompanied by more intense and prolonged HW events. In Nanchang City, the summer electricity load increased by approximately 9% on holidays compared to working days and by about 20% on high-temperature days compared to normal conditions. These insights highlight the need for adaptive strategies to mitigate the impacts of increasing HW occurrences.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is widely noticed as an essential tool for business operation and sustainable development. Meanwhile, the fiercely competitive external environment and unpredictable events prompt enterprises’ cooperation to prevent supply chain collapse. We investigate the cooperative strategy in a live-streaming supply chain (LSC) consisting of a dominant brand owner, a retailer, and a live streamer, where the brand owner considers CSR by considering the welfare of stakeholders. We construct one non-cooperative and three cooperative Stackelberg game models to explore the impact of CSR on cooperative strategy and LSC operations. The results show the following. (1) When the brand owner considers CSR, LSC members and systems are more profitable in the four models than when the brand owner does not consider CSR. (2) When the flow effect is small, the brand owner tends to cooperate with the retailer; otherwise, the brand owner prefers to cooperate with the live streamer. (3) The grand coalition C (the brand owner cooperates with the retailer and live streamer) is the consistent strategy for the LSC system, consumers, and society. These findings help enterprises recognize the importance of CSR and collaboration, thus further providing reference opinions on engaging in CSR and how to achieve collaboration.

A greater understanding of moisture sorption behaviour of aged wooden structural components, which has a close relationship with dimensional stability, is required to effectively evaluate and preserve historical artefacts. This study focused on the effects of aging on Baotou beam samples from a Chinese historical wooden building. An analysis of the sorption isotherms and hysteresis loops of a naturally aged, decayed sample (AOS), an aged sound sample (AIS), and a reference sample (RS), using classical sorption isotherm models revealed that the moisture sorption behaviour of samples from the same growth ring in a Baotou beam can differ significantly. AOS showed higher hygroscopicity than AIS, and both these samples were more hygroscopic than RS. Furthermore, the mono/multilayer moisture contents of AOS were always higher than those of AIS and RS. In addition, Fourier transform infrared, second-derivative infrared, and two-dimensional correlation infrared spectroscopy were used to investigate chemical changes in the samples. The relative hemicellulose and lignin contents of the samples changed significantly with wood aging. Furthermore, AOS exhibited the highest calcium oxalate content, which may be associated with fungal infections. Overall, these results provide valuable insights into the effects of aging on wood samples and the dimensional stability of timber structures, which could inform future research on methods for the preservation or restoration of aging timber structures.