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Stem cell, a wonder cell, acts as a basic unit for an individual development in early prenatal life, and repairs and regenerates the tissue and/ organ in post-natal life. The stem cell research although conducted extensively is still in its infancy for standardized therapeutics. Among various stem cells types, multi-potential mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is mainly evaluated for therapeutic applications. These cells have been isolated from almost all the body organs/ tissues and fetal membranes and are culture expanded for higher concentrations. Like human, MSCs harvested from veterinary species are characterized on the basis of International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT). Extensive literature on their therapeutic applications in musculoskeletal and non-musculoskeletal systems evidences their potential utility under clinical settings. Currently, limited understanding in their hysiological mechanisms and availability of limited non-uniform in vivo studies restrict their definitive therapeutic applications. Lack of regulatory set up in India makes MSCs research in veterinary medicine a more complicated field. This review details the current status and possible ways to improve MSCs therapeutic applications in veterinary medicine, in general and in Indian system, in particular.

Of the 1,415 human pathogens identified, 175 are responsible for causing emerging diseases, 132 are zoonotic and majority of the diseases are categorized as emerging or re-emerging. Emerging novel Coronavirus (COVID- 19) is one of them, and it is responsible for causing social and economically critical disease in both humans and animals. This review presents the understanding of epidemiological characteristics of the COVID-19 pandemic related to host, agent, and the environment with transmission and spread of the disease for better prevention of the COVID-19. The inclination of the viruses to spillover between different species and determining the number of the reservoir of coronaviruses in an entirely new host to create infection is of emerging importance. The understanding of disease patterns will potentiate our expertise to alert how, when, and where the potential epidemic will occur. One health approach involves co-operation from all the sectors, including healthcare (medical and veterinary), environmental, pharmaceutical, educational, research, police, and administration, to combat the COVID-19 pandemic and reduce the public health threat.