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Abstract Translational studies benefit from experimental designs where laboratory organisms use human-relevant behaviors. One such behavior is decision-making, however studying complex decision-making in rodents is labor-intensive and typically restricted to two levels of cost/reward. We design a fully automated, inexpensive, high-throughput framework to study decision-making across multiple levels of rewards and costs: the REward-COst in Rodent Decision-making (RECORD) system. RECORD integrates three components: 1) 3D-printed arenas, 2) custom electronic hardware, and 3) software. We validated four behavioral protocols without employing any food or water restriction, highlighting the versatility of our system. RECORD data exposes heterogeneity in decision-making both within and across individuals that is quantifiably constrained. Using oxycodone self-administration and alcohol-consumption as test cases, we reveal how analytic approaches that incorporate behavioral heterogeneity are sensitive to detecting perturbations in decision-making. RECORD is a powerful approach to studying decision-making in rodents, with features that facilitate translational studies of decision-making in psychiatric disorders.

We determined the intersubject association between the rhythmic entrainment abilities of human subjects during a synchronization-continuation tapping task (SCT) and the macro- and microstructural properties of their superficial (SWM) and deep (DWM) white matter. Diffusion-weighted images were obtained from 32 subjects who performed the SCT with auditory or visual metronomes and five tempos ranging from 550 to 950 ms. We developed a method to determine the density of short-range fibers that run underneath the cortical mantle, interconnecting nearby cortical regions (U-fibers). Notably, individual differences in the density of U-fibers in the right audiomotor system were correlated with the degree of phase accuracy between the stimuli and taps across subjects. These correlations were specific to the synchronization epoch with auditory metronomes and tempos around 1.5 Hz. In addition, a significant association was found between phase accuracy and the density and bundle diameter of the corpus callosum (CC), forming an interval-selective map where short and long intervals were behaviorally correlated with the anterior and posterior portions of the CC. These findings suggest that the structural properties of the SWM and DWM in the audiomotor system support the tapping synchronization abilities of subjects, as cortical U-fiber density is linked to the preferred tapping tempo and the bundle properties of the CC define an interval-selective topography.

Abstract We tested the ability of a physiologically driven minimally invasive closed-loop algorithm, called Resuscitation based on Functional Hemodynamic Monitoring (ReFit), to stabilize for up to 3 h a porcine model of noncompressible hemorrhage induced by severe liver injury and do so during both ground and air transport. Twelve animals were resuscitated using ReFit to drive fluid and vasopressor infusion to a mean arterial pressure (MAP) > 60 mmHg and heart rate

IntroductionSick building syndrome (SBS) refers to non-specific complaints, including upper-respiratory irritative symptoms, headaches, fatigue, and rash, which are usually associated with a particular building by their temporal pattern of occurrence and clustering among inhabitants or colleagues. The aim of the study was to determine the association between the clinical manifestations of sick building syndrome with outdoor pollutants and airborne pollen.MethodsIt was a descriptive and prospective observational study conducted from November 2021 to April 2022. It included subjects over 18 years old who completed an online survey on sick building syndrome (general symptoms, nasal, ocular, oropharyngeal, and skin symptoms) presented at home, housing information and personal history. The APS-330 from Pollen Sense ® was used to obtain data on pollen in the air and the local pollution monitoring system (SIMA) to obtain information regarding pollutants. For statistical analysis, SPSS version 16 was used.ResultsA total of 402 surveys were included; 91% of the subjects reported having at least 1 symptom. Females presented more general symptoms (fatigue and headache) than males. Subjects with a personal history of atopy showed a higher prevalence of practically all symptoms. Airborne pollen exposure was positively associated with mucosal symptoms in eyes and nose. Outdoor fungi spore exposure was positively associated with oculo-nasal and cutaneous symptoms in the scalp.ConclusionThis study found significant associations with female gender and a history of atopy, which suggests a higher risk for these subjects. Despite the limitations of the study, we can conclude that there is an association between the clinical manifestations of sick building syndrome with indoor and outdoor pollution.

Crop productivity has been compromised due to nutrient deficiencies, especially magnesium (Mg). Although conventional fertilizers with Mg can improve crop growth, they are often not considered in fertilization programs and are inefficient to meet current agricultural needs and reduce eutrophication and groundwater contamination. Considering this, nanofertilizers can enhance crop growth and lessen environmental impact due to their small size, low fertilization rates, high nutrient efficiency and high specific surface area. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate two different Mg fertilizers in green bean plants grown in vermiculite/perlite substrate. Green bean plants were grown under three distinct treatments: control (no Mg fertilization), Mg nanofertilizer (Nano Mg®) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4). Each Mg source was applied at three different doses (50, 100 and 200 ppm). The parameters evaluated were biomass, yield and efficient use of Mg. The results obtained indicate that the Nano Mg® and MgSO4 treatments at 200 ppm increased biomass by 6.61 and 8.38 g plant-1 DW, yield by 60.7 and 49.84 plant-1 FW, respectively. Mg use efficiency parameters were also increased by both fertilizers, which were comparable with each other. Thus, the application of Mg in the form of nanofertilizer is an efficient and innovative alternative, comparable to the application of magnesium sulfate.

Farmers’ Markets (FMs) have gained relevance in recent years as increasingly acknowledged to be critical to turn to more equitable food systems, easing agroecological transition, and preserving biocultural heritage. However, the issue of the forms of social and institutional coordination needed to create, organize, manage and promote FMs is a recent topic in the literature, and their governance is still poorly considered. Based on a set of case studies in Tuscany, Italy, this paper intends to contribute to filling this gap by analysing the forms of governance and the role of different stakeholders. The hypothesis is that FMs are social constructions that respond to processes of social and institutional innovation through direct exchanges between producers, consumers and other stakeholders, articulated at both local and non-local level. The aim of the paper is to explore the interactions between stakeholders and the corresponding forms of multi-level governance that emerge. The method for testing the hypotheses is qualitative, through semi-structured interviews to FMs managers and conversations with producers and other stakeholders, conducted between May and August 2022 in Tuscany. The research was complemented by consultation of indirect sources, such as FMs websites and social networks. The results are summarized in the elaboration of a three-dimensional and territorially embedded governance model. The first dimension refers to the management of internal relations between stakeholders within the FM. The second corresponds to the activation of dialogue, negotiation, and agreement with the municipality and other local authorities, and with local farmers’ unions. The third type corresponds to vertical flows between the FMs and extraterritorial bodies, i.e., regional government, regional and national farmers’ unions and other stakeholder associations. It is important to note that at FMs level, processes of hybridization between the different types of governance are established. The article contributes to the analysis of FMs as economic and social constructions and may be useful for establishing comparative frameworks around institutional and collective action dimensions, multi-actor and multilevel studies of governance.

The COVID-19 pandemic and associated need for social isolation left in-person youth mentoring programs scrambling to keep mentees and mentors connected, and many programs turned to e-mentoring. To better understand the transition period and to inform e-mentoring practice in a post-COVID world, this study explored the experience of mentoring programs shifting to e-mentoring during the first year of the pandemic. Seven remote focus group discussions were conducted with twenty-three staff members from twenty U.S. youth mentoring organizations that used the iCouldBe e-mentoring platform during Spring/summer 2020 or Fall/Winter 2020–2021. Thematic content analysis was used to uncover insights from the data. E-mentoring was successful overall for keeping mentees and mentors in touch, especially for matches with a strong connection before the pandemic. Zoom and text messaging were the most used virtual communication methods. Programs faced many challenges but also experienced unexpected positives, including a strong interest in future e-mentoring implementation. Participants recommended that programs interested in e-mentoring start small and with intention; they also requested a central website with e-mentoring support and ways to connect with other programs and mentors. Although the literature on e-mentoring remains limited, this study contributes a picture of e-mentoring success even during a global crisis.

The application of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients unresponsive to conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has significantly increased in recent years. To date, three published randomized trials have investigated the use of extracorporeal CPR (ECPR) in adults with refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Although these trials reported inconsistent results, they suggest that ECPR may have a significant survival benefit over conventional CPR in selected patients only when performed with strict protocol adherence in experienced emergency medical services–hospital systems. Several studies suggest that identifying suitable ECPR candidates and reducing the time from cardiac arrest to ECMO initiation are key to successful outcomes. Prehospital ECPR or the rendezvous approach may allow more patients to receive ECPR within acceptable timeframes than ECPR initiation on arrival at a capable hospital. ECPR is only one part of the system of care for resuscitation of cardiac arrest victims. Optimizing the chain of survival is critical to improving outcomes of patients receiving ECPR. Further studies are needed to find the optimal strategy for the use of ECPR.

Dengue, caused by the dengue virus (DENV), is a global health threat transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, resulting in 400 million cases annually. The disease ranges from mild to severe, with potential progression to hemorrhagic dengue. Current research is focused on natural antivirals due to challenges in vector control. This study evaluates the antiviral potential of peptides derived from the microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum, known for its bioactive compounds. Microalgae were cultivated under controlled conditions, followed by protein extraction and hydrolysis to produce four peptide fractions. These fractions were assessed for cytotoxicity via the MTT assay and antiviral activity against DENV serotype 2 using flow cytometry and plaque formation assays. The 10–30 kDa peptide fraction, at 150 and 300 μg/mL concentrations, demonstrated no cytotoxicity and significantly reduced the percentage of infected cells and viral titers. These findings suggest that peptides derived from Phaeodactylum tricornutum exhibit promising antiviral activity against dengue virus serotype 2, potentially contributing to developing new therapeutic approaches for dengue.

Abstract Background The study objective was to determine if a nurturing care parenting intervention delivered in a humanitarian setting in Rwanda would benefit early development, learning, and care outcomes for young children under five years and their caregivers compared to standard care. Methodology Rwanda’s Mugombwa, Kansi, and Kigeme refugee camps and host communities implemented the parenting program. Via a quasi-experimental research design, the study assessed the effects of intervention delivered as a high dose (HD: 12 group sessions and four home visits) or low dose (LD: 6 group sessions and two home visits) on child and caregiver outcomes compared to the control group from similar settings receiving standard care. The Ages and Stages Questionnaires-3 (ASQ-3) assessed child development outcomes. The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey questionnaire assessed parenting practices concerning early learning and stimulation. Findings The assessment included 733 children and families in total: HD = 314, LD = 240, control = 179. The researchers found no significant difference in child development scores between the intervention and control groups. Significantly higher proportion of caregivers exposed to HD and LD packages had engaged in early learning and stimulation practices compared to the control group, respectively, with 211(67.2%), 148 (61.7%) vs. 66 (36.9%), p

ABSTRACT Candida auris is an emerging human fungal pathogen, first described in Japan in 2009, and first detected in the United States in 2016. Here, we report the first-ever description of C. auris colonizing a human pet, the first identification of C. auris in a non-human mammal in the United States and the first C. auris isolate from the state of Kansas. While analyzing the oral mycobiome of dogs from a shelter in Kansas, the oral swab from one dog was found to contain C. auris as well as three other fungal species. The presence of C. auris in a dog suggests the possibility of zoonotic transmission to humans. The isolate is a member of Clade IV, which has been found in patients in Chicago and Florida, while Clades I and III are the most prevalent in the United States. The isolate is resistant to fluconazole, terbinafine, and amphotericin B but susceptible to caspofungin, consistent with the drug-resistant characteristics of many human C. auris isolates. The source of C. auris transient colonization in this dog is unknown, and there is no evidence that it was further transmitted to humans, other dogs in the shelter, or pets in its adopted household. Isolation of C. auris from a dog in Kansas has public health implications as a potential emerging source for the zoonotic spread of this pathogenic fungus, and for the development of antifungal resistance.IMPORTANCECandida auris is an emerging fungal infection of humans and is particularly problematic because it is multi-drug resistant and difficult to treat. It is also known to be spread from person to person by contact and can remain on surfaces for long periods of time. In this report, a dog in a shelter in Kansas is found to be colonized with Candida auris. This is the first study to document the presence of Candida auris on a pet, the first to document C. auris presence on a non-human mammal in the United States, and the first to report an isolate of C. auris within the state of Kansas. The presence of C. auris in a pet dog raises the possibility of zoonotic transmission from pets to human or vice versa.

Bursera microphylla A. Gray (Burseraceae) es una planta medicinal mexicana con un destacado potencial antiproliferativo y antiinflamatorio in vitro que ha sido asociado a la presencia de compuestos del tipo lignano y triterpenoide, sin embargo, las propiedades farmacocinéticas (absorción, distribución, metabolismo, y excreción - ADME) y los posibles blancos farmacológicos de estos compuestos son desconocidos. El objetivo del estudio fue establecer in-silico el perfil ADME de los metabolitos bioactivos de B. microphylla y analizar los principales objetivos moleculares que son potencialmente inhibidos por estos compuestos. El análisis ADME de los compuestos de B. microphylla (14 lignanos y 10 terpenos) se realizó utilizando la herramienta SwissADME. La determinación in-silico de los posibles blancos terapéuticos se realizó utilizando el programa SwissTargetPrediction. En general, los lignanos y terpenos de B. microphylla presentaron un perfil ADME favorable. El análisis predictivo arrojó que hinoquinina inhibe a los transportadores de dopamina (DAT) y norepinefrina (NET). Por su parte, β-cariofileno reconoce al receptor cannabinoide tipo 2 (CB2). Compuestos con actividad antiproliferativa como ariensina, burserano, dihidroclusina, picropoligamina y burseranina mostraron alta biodisponibilidad oral. Todos los compuestos analizados mostraron capacidad de inhibir enzimas del metabolismo hepático, como CYP1A2 y CYP2C19. Las propiedades farmacocinéticas y farmacodinámicas aceptables de los lignanos y terpenos de B. microphylla los posicionan como buenos prospectos para ser evaluados en modelos animales de inflamación, analgesia, cáncer y enfermedades psiquiátricas. La potencial inhibición de las CYP’s es un aspecto que debe ser considerado para evitar reacciones adversas en una terapia combinada.

Abstract Photodetectors operating across the short‐, mid‐, and long‐wave infrared (SWIR–LWIR, λ = 1–14 µm) underpin modern science, technology, and society in profound ways. Narrow bandgap semiconductors that form the basis for these devices require complex manufacturing, high costs, cooling, and lack compatibility with silicon electronics, attributes that remain prohibitive for their widespread usage and the development of emerging technologies. Here, a photoconductive detector, fabricated using a solution‐processed narrow bandgap conjugated polymer is demonstrated that enables charge carrier generation in the infrared and ultrasensitive SWIR–LWIR photodetection at room temperature. Devices demonstrate an ultralow electronic noise that enables outstanding performance from a simple, monolithic device enabling a high detectivity (D*, the figure of merit for detector sensitivity) >2.44 × 109 Jones (cm Hz1/2 W−1) using the ultralow flux of a blackbody that mirrors the background emission of objects. These attributes, ease of fabrication, low dark current characteristics, and highly sensitive operation overcome major limitations inherent within modern narrow–bandgap semiconductors, demonstrate practical utility, and suggest that uncooled detectivities superior to many inorganic devices can be achieved at high operating temperatures.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative condition characterized by alpha-synuclein aggregation and dysfunctional protein degradation pathways. This study investigates the differential gene expression of pivotal components (UBE2K, PSMC4, SKP1, and HSPA8) within these pathways in a Mexican-Mestizo PD population compared to healthy controls. We enrolled 87 PD patients and 87 controls, assessing their gene expression levels via RT-qPCR. Our results reveal a significant downregulation of PSMC4, SKP1, and HSPA8 in the PD group (p = 0.033, p = 0.003, and p = 0.002, respectively). Logistic regression analyses establish a strong association between PD and reduced expression of PSMC4, SKP1, and HSPA8 (OR = 0.640, 95% CI = 0.415–0.987; OR = 0.000, 95% CI = 0.000–0.075; OR = 0.550, 95% CI = 0.368–0.823, respectively). Conversely, UBE2K exhibited no significant association or expression difference between the groups. Furthermore, we develop a gene expression model based on HSPA8, PSMC4, and SKP1, demonstrating robust discrimination between healthy controls and PD patients. Notably, the model’s diagnostic efficacy is particularly pronounced in early-stage PD. In conclusion, our study provides compelling evidence linking decreased gene expression of PSMC4, SKP1, and HSPA8 to PD in the Mexican-Mestizo population. Additionally, our gene expression model exhibits promise as a diagnostic tool, particularly for early-stage PD diagnosis.

Studies on antihypertensive chickpea protein hydrolysates have rarely performed in vivo evaluations, limiting the entry of such hydrolysates into functional food development and clinical trials. Thus, our aim was to optimize the hydrolysis conditions to produce an alcalase-based chickpea hydrolysate with a hypotensive effect in vivo at convenient oral doses. The hydrolysis reaction time, temperature, and alcalase/substrate concentration were optimized using a response surface analysis (RSA). ACE-I inhibition was the response variable. The optimized hydrolysis conditions were time = 0.5 h, temperature = 40 °C, and E/S concentration = 0.254 (U/g). The IC50 of the optimized hydrolysate (OCPH) was 0.358 mg/mL. Five hydrolysates from the RSA worksheet (one of them obtained after 5 min of hydrolysis (CPH15)) had an ACE-I inhibitory potential similar to that of OCPH (p > 0.05). At 50 mg/kg doses, OCPH and CPH15 promoted a clinically relevant hypotensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats, up to −47.35 mmHg and −28.95 mmHg, respectively (p < 0.05 vs. negative control). Furthermore, the hypotensive effect was sustained for at least 7 h post-supplementation. Overall, OCPH and CPH15 are promising ingredients for functional food development and as test materials for clinical trials.

Crop quality has been compromised due to nutrient deficiencies. The macronutrient magnesium (Mg) is essential; however, it has not been considered in agronomic fertilization programs, affecting human health. The objective of the study was to increase the Mg content in the fruits of green beans cv. ‘Strike’ by applying Mg-nanofertilizer, as well as evaluating its effect on growth, performance and nutritional quality, versus magnesium sulfate (MgSO4). The experiment was carried out under shade mesh conditions in Delicias, Chihuahua, Mexico during the period August-October 2022. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with two Mg sources: Mg nanofertilizer (NanoMg) and MgSO4 at doses of 50, 100 and 200 ppm and a control without application, forming seven treatments with six repetitions each. The results indicate that the maximum yield was provided by NanoMg and MgSO4 at 200 ppm, with values greater than 300%. The Mg distribution pattern for the NanoMg treatments presented the following concentration order: root>leaf>stem>fruit; while, for the MgSO4 treatments it was: leaf>root>stem>fruit. The most efficient treatment in increasing the Mg content in the fruit was NanoMg at 200 ppm, which achieved a biofortification of more than 120% with respect to the control. Therefore, when consuming 100 g of green beans cv. ‘Strike’ biofortified by NanoMg, the recommended daily needs of the human being could be satisfied. Finally, it is concluded that nanofertilizers are the best option for a biofortification program since they offer a sustainable alternative by increasing productivity and quality in green bean fruits.

The purpose of this study was to characterize the variety and diversity of the oral mycobiome of domestic dogs and to identify the commensal and potentially pathogenic fungi present. Two hundred fifty-one buccal swabs from domestic dogs were obtained and struck onto a chromogenic fungal growth medium that distinguishes between fungal species based on colony color and morphology. After isolating and harvesting single colonies, genomic DNA was extracted from pure cultures. PCR was used to amplify a fungal-specific variable rDNA region of the genome, which was then sent for sequencing. Sequencing results were input into the NCBI BLAST database to identify individual components of the oral mycobiome of tested dogs. Of the 251 dogs swabbed, 73 had cultivable fungi present and 10 dogs had multiple fungal species isolated. Although the dogs did not show signs of oral infections at the time, we did find fungal species that cause pathogenicity in animals and humans. Among fungal isolates, Malassezia pachydermatis and species from the genus Candida were predominant. Following fungal isolate identification, antifungal drug susceptibility tests were performed on each isolate toward the medically important antifungal drugs including fluconazole, ketoconazole, and terbinafine. Drug susceptibility test results indicated that a large number of isolates had high MIC values for all three drugs. Exploring the oral mycobiome of dogs, as well as the corresponding drug susceptibility profiles, can have important implications for canine dental hygiene, health, and medical treatment. Identifying the microorganisms within the canine mouth can illustrate a common pathway for fungal pathogens of One Health concern to spread from our canine companions to humans.

Background Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is impaired in the early phase after return of spontaneous circulation. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) administration via intracranial subdural catheters improves cerebral cortical microcirculation. We determined whether the SNP treatment improves CBF in the subcortical tissue and evaluated the effects of this treatment on cerebral lactate. Methods and Results Sixty minutes after return of spontaneous circulation following 14 minutes of untreated cardiac arrest, 14 minipigs randomly received 4 mg SNP or saline via intracranial subdural catheters. CBF was measured in regions of interest within the cerebrum and thalamus using dynamic susceptibility contrast‐magnetic resonance imaging. After return of spontaneous circulation, CBF was expressed as a percentage of the baseline value. In the saline group, the %CBF in the regions of interest within the cerebrum remained at approximately 50% until 3.5 hours after return of spontaneous circulation, whereas %CBF in the thalamic regions of interest recovered to approximately 73% at this time point. The percentages of the baseline values in the cortical gray matter and subcortical white matter were higher in the SNP group (group effect P=0.026 and 0.025, respectively) but not in the thalamus. The cerebral lactate/creatine ratio measured using magnetic resonance spectroscopy increased over time in the saline group but not in the SNP group (group–time interaction P=0.035). The thalamic lactate/creatine ratio was similar in the 2 groups. Conclusions SNP administered via intracranial subdural catheters improved CBF not only in the cortical gray matter but also in the subcortical white matter. The CBF improvement by SNP was accompanied by a decrease in cerebral lactate.

La investigación muestra la doble jornada (empresarial-formación académica), como una de las principales barreras para las universitarias microempresarias en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua. El objetivo principal fue evaluar el impacto del agotamiento físico y emocional en las universitarias microempresarias. El diseño de la investigación fue cualitativo descriptivo, documental no experimental; la muestra estuvo constituida por 30 entrevistas. Los resultados señalan que el tiempo y esfuerzo son el primer obstáculo, por lo que se proponen líneas de acción que ayuden a formar entornos más equitativos y justos para todas las mujeres. Palabras clave: doble jornada, microempresarias, mujeres, universitarias.

Over the past decade, the fishery of Pacific hake, Merluccius productus (Ayres, 1855), has increased in the Gulf of California, Mexico; therefore, any biological–fisheries information is highly relevant for the management of this fishery, and information on age and individual growth would be fundamental to evaluate populations. The objective of the presently study was to assess age, based on otolith structure, and estimate growth parameters through a multimodel approach. Specimens were collected during research cruises of BIP XI from 2014 to 2019. Pacific hake from the Gulf of California ranged in length from 12.5 to 105 cm TL, reaching a maximum age of 13 years, and females were four years older than males. The logistic model was the best model to describe age–size data for both sexes. Females reached 50% of the maximum length at five years old and males reached that length at four years old.

Abstract Loss-of-function mutations at the retinoblastoma (RB1) gene are associated with increased mortality, metastasis, and poor therapeutic outcome in several cancers, including osteosarcoma. However, the mechanism(s) through which RB1 loss worsens clinical outcome remains understudied. Ubiquitin-like with PHD and Ring Finger domains 1 (UHRF1) has been identified as a critical downstream effector of the RB/E2F signaling pathway that is overexpressed in various cancers. Here, we determined the role and regulatory mechanisms of UHRF1 in rendering osteosarcoma cells more aggressive. Higher UHRF1 expression correlated with malignancy in osteosarcoma cell lines, clinical samples, and genetically engineered mouse models. Gain- and loss-of-function assays revealed that UHRF1 has cell-intrinsic and extrinsic functions promoting cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. UHRF1 overexpression induced angiogenesis by suppressing AMPK activation and Semaphorin 3E (SEMA3E) expression. Further, UHRF1-mediated migration and metastasis resulted, at least in part, through altered expression of extracellular vesicles and their cargo, including urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). Novel osteosarcoma genetically engineered mouse models confirmed that knocking out Uhrf1 considerably decreased metastasis and reversed the poorer survival associated with Rb1 loss. This presents a new mechanistic insight into RB1 loss-associated poor prognosis and novel oncogenic roles of UHRF1 in the regulation of angiogenesis and exosome secretion, both critical for osteosarcoma metastasis. This provides substantial support for targeting UHRF1 or its downstream effectors as novel therapeutic options to improve current treatment for osteosarcoma.

This study pretends to contribute to a better understanding of the COVID-19 dynamics through the non-parametric technique of phase synchronization by comparing the fifteen most affected countries by the number of positive cases plus China, where the first outbreak took place in December 2019. It was possible to state the number of cycles and waves for each one of the studied countries and to determine periods of synchronization between them. The results also showed the average duration of the cycles and some coincidences regarding Nason (2020); Bontempi (2021); Coccia (2021); Rusiñol, Zammit, Itarte, Forés, Martı́nez-Puchol, Girones, Borrego, Corominas, and Bofill-Mas (2021). This study is limited by the reliability of the number of positive cases reported by national governments and health authorities because of an insufficient number of tests and a great number of asymptomatic persons but presents a legit alternative to predict the evolution of the pandemic in a country due to the forward looking behavior of another one, therefore studies like this could be useful to implement contention measures and to prepare the health systems in advance.

Abstract Background Awake prone positioning (APP) reduces the intubation rate in COVID-19 patients treated by high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC). However, the lung aeration response to APP has not been addressed. We aimed to explore the lung aeration response to APP by lung ultrasound (LUS). Methods This two-center, prospective, observational study enrolled patients with COVID-19-induced acute hypoxemic respiratory failure treated by HFNC and APP. LUS score was recorded 5–10 min before, 1 h after APP, and 5–10 min after supine in the first APP session within the first three days. The primary outcome was LUS score changes in the first three days. Secondary outcomes included changes in SpO2/FiO2 ratio, respiratory rate and ROX index (SpO2/FiO2/respiratory rate) related to APP, and the rate of treatment success (patients who avoided intubation). Results Seventy-one patients were enrolled. LUS score decreased from 20 (interquartile range [IQR] 19–24) to 19 (18–21) (p 1 after the first APP session was associated with decreased risk for intubation (Relative risk 0.25 [0.09–0.69]). APP daily duration was correlated with LUS score reduction in patients with treatment success, especially in dorsal lung zones (r = − 0.76; p

En México, los sistemas de pago por mérito académico contribuyeron a generar un tipo de académico que privilegia la investigación, docencia, direcciones de tesis y gestión institucional. Estos académicos gozan del mayor reconocimiento. Sin embargo, numéricamente son minoría, alrededor de una décima parte del total en el país, por lo que quienes no participan en los esquemas de incentivos representan la mayoría. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar este amplio conjunto de profesores, en especial sus prácticas y significados. Para ello se toma como población de estudio las plantas de profesores de tiempo completo de las dos principales universidades públicas del estado de Sonora. El diseño metodológico es cualitativo de carácter descriptivo y comparativo mediante el análisis de información estadística y una entrevista semiestructurada a 25 profesores. Los hallazgos muestran un grupo de académicos que tienen como actividad central la docencia, desarrollada de manera amplia puesto que considera la preparación escrupulosa de materiales con fines didácticos y una marcada atención y respeto hacia los estudiantes. A partir de la docencia, los profesores establecen el trabajo académico y los vínculos con los establecimientos de adscripción, pero también comprenden que forman parte de grupos poco valorados institucionalmente.

Abstract Nanobiotechnology is one of the leading research areas in biomedical science, developing rapidly worldwide. Among various types of nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have attracted a great deal of attention from the scientific community, especially with respect to their prospective application in the field of disease diagnosis and therapy. The unique features of these nanomaterials, including favorable size, high surface area, and electrical, structural, optical, and chemical properties, have provided an excellent opportunity for their utilization in theranostic systems. Carbon nanotubes, carbon quantum dots, graphene, and fullerene are the most employed CNMs in biomedical fields. They have been considered safe and efficient for non‐invasive diagnostic techniques such as fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and biosensors. Various functionalized CNMs exhibit a great capacity to improve cell targeting of anticancer drugs. Due to their thermal properties, they have been extensively used in cancer photothermal and photodynamic therapy assisted by laser irradiation and CNMs. CNMs also can cross the blood‐brain barrier and have the potential to treat various brain disorders, for instance, neurodegenerative diseases, by removing amyloid fibrils. This review has summarized and emphasized on biomedical application of CNMs and their recent advances in diagnosis and therapy.

El objetivo de este artículo fue identificar los procesos que predicen el estado óptimo de Flow en deportistas universitarios de alto rendimiento. Una muestra de 75 deportistas que participaron en la Universiada Estatal de Sinaloa y en la Universiada Nacional de Monterrey con edades comprendidas entre 18 a 25 años (M = 21,26 DT = 1,89) participaron en esta investigación. Los resultados mostraron que los deportistas presentaron altos niveles en emociones positivas acompañado de un estado optimo de Flow y bajos niveles de ansiedad somática y cognitiva. Por último, cabe señalar que fueron la motivación intrínseca, los afectos positivos, las horas de entrenamiento, los apoyos económicos las variables que predicen un estado óptimo de Flow.

Abstract Some science education researchers have presented either isolated findings on specific points in time during the pandemic or non-empirical insights or suggestions for how teachers, district leaders, policymakers, and others should take up the learnings from the pandemic to move science education forward. However, there are few studies published to date that provide robust and longitudinal empirical data on what science instruction looked like throughout the pandemic and the magnitude of the impacts of the pandemic on science instruction when compared to pre-pandemic science teaching and learning. We conducted a primarily survey-based study on science instruction and enactment of the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) in K-8 classrooms throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. This analysis also incorporates a longitudinal dataset from grade 6–8 teachers across California on their NGSS instruction prior to and throughout the first year of the pandemic, providing insight on instruction over multiple years before and throughout distance learning. Our findings highlight the challenges that teachers and students faced during the pandemic, as well as the significant impacts that distance learning appeared to have on science instruction and teachers’ ability to provide NGSS-aligned instruction. However, we also found that a year after the initial school closures, teachers’ science instruction began to show improvements both in the frequency of science instruction (how often they were able to provide science instruction through distance learning) and the quality of science instruction (how often teachers were able to provide instruction that was aligned with the goals of the NGSS). Implications of this work are far reaching and may impact teachers, students, administrators, policymakers, professional learning providers, and curriculum developers regardless of whether science instruction occurs through distance learning or in-person moving forward.

Abstract Background Awake prone positioning (APP) improves oxygenation in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients and, when successful, may decrease the risk of intubation. However, factors associated with APP success remain unknown. In this secondary analysis, we aimed to assess whether APP can reduce intubation rate in patients with COVID-19 and to focus on the factors associated with success. Methods In this multicenter randomized controlled trial, conducted in three high-acuity units, we randomly assigned patients with COVID-19-induced acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) requiring high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen to APP or standard care. Primary outcome was intubation rate at 28 days. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify the predictors associated to treatment success (survival without intubation). Results Among 430 patients randomized, 216 were assigned to APP and 214 to standard care. The APP group had a lower intubation rate (30% vs 43%, relative risk [RR] 0.70; CI95 0.54–0.90, P = 0.006) and shorter hospital length of stay (11 interquartile range [IQR, 9–14] vs 13 [IQR, 10–17] days, P = 0.001). A respiratory rate ≤ 25 bpm at enrollment, an increase in ROX index > 1.25 after first APP session, APP duration > 8 h/day, and a decrease in lung ultrasound score ≥ 2 within the first 3 days were significantly associated with treatment success for APP. Conclusion In patients with COVID-19-induced AHRF treated by HFNC, APP reduced intubation rate and improved treatment success. A longer APP duration is associated with APP success, while the increase in ROX index and decrease in lung ultrasound score after APP can also help identify patients most likely to benefit. Trial registration: This study was retrospectively registered in ClinicalTrials.gov at July 20, 2021. Identification number NCT04477655. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04477655?term=PRO-CARF&draw=2&rank=1

This paper presents the development of a robust control algorithm to be applied in a knee and ankle joint exoskeleton designed for rehabilitation of flexion/extension movements. The goal of the control law is to follow the trajectory of a straight leg extension routine in a sitting position. This routine is commonly used to rehabilitate an injury on an Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) and it is applied to the knee and ankle joints. Moreover, the paper presents the development and implementation of the robotic structure of the ankle joint to integrate it into an exoskeleton for gait rehabilitation. The development of the dynamic model and the implementation of the control algorithm in simulation and experimental tests are presented, showing that the proposed control guarantees the convergence of the tracking error.

Abstract Objective The COVID‐19 pandemic presents challenges to maintaining interdisciplinary collaboration while transitioning care to telehealth environments. This paper describes how an intensive weight management clinic rapidly transitioned from in‐person only to a telehealth environment. Method As a program evaluation project, changes to clinic procedures were tracked on a weekly basis. Patients were invited to complete phone surveys after clinic appointments from 1 May 2020 to 31 July 2020. The survey included 12 items rated on a 5‐point scale (“strongly disagree” to “strongly agree”). Results Adaptations included converting team meetings and clinical training to phone/video platforms and transferring a complex patient tracking system to an interactive virtual format. Fifty‐eight patients completed phone surveys (81% response rate). All “agreed” or “strongly agreed” that they were satisfied with telehealth care; 51% “agreed” or “strongly agreed” that telephone visits were as good as in‐person visits; and 53% preferred phone appointments even after pandemic restrictions are eased. Conclusions It is feasible to rapidly transition to a telehealth clinic when supported by infrastructure and resources of a national, integrated healthcare system. Patient preferences include access to both telehealth and in‐person services. A blended telehealth/in‐person model that maintains interdisciplinary collaboration and training is necessary even after the COVID‐19 pandemic.

The use of nanofertilizers has the potential to be used to enrich edible organs with nutrients (biofortification) and improve the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds and their antioxidant capacity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biofortification with magnesium (Mg) nanofertilizer on the accumulation of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in green bean cv. Strike compared to a conventional fertilizer (Mg sulfate). Two sources of Mg were applied via foliar: Nanofertilizer and Mg Sulfate at doses of 0, 50, 100, 200, and 300 mg/L of Mg. The accumulation of total polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacity was evaluated in pods. The results obtained in this research confirm the effect of green bean pods biofortified with Mg nanofertilizers on the production and accumulation of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity, improving the nutrition and nutraceutical quality of green beans. The 50 mg/L dose of Mg nanofertilizer was the most effective treatment to increase bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity compared to high doses of Mg sulfate (300 mg/L). This is one of the first studies focused on biofortification with Mg nanofertilizers and their effect on the nutraceutical quality of green beans.

While rural-urban disparities in health and health outcomes have been demonstrated, because of their impact on (and intervenability to improve) health and health outcomes, we sought to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal inequities in health, clinical care, health behaviors, and social determinants of health (SDOH) between rural and non-rural counties in the pre-pandemic era (2015 to 2019), and to present a Health Equity Dashboard that can be used by policymakers and researchers to facilitate examining such disparities. Therefore, using data obtained from 2015-2022 County Health Rankings datasets, we used analysis of variance to examine differences in 33 county level attributes between rural and non-rural counties, calculated the change in values for each measure between 2015 and 2019, determined whether rural-urban disparities had widened, and used those data to create a Health Equity Dashboard that displays county-level individual measures or compilations of them. We followed STROBE guidelines in writing the manuscript. We found that rural counties overwhelmingly had worse measures of SDOH at the county level. With few exceptions, the measures we examined were getting worse between 2015 and 2019 in all counties, relatively more so in rural counties, resulting in the widening of rural-urban disparities in these measures. When rural-urban gaps narrowed, it tended to be in measures wherein rural counties were outperforming urban ones in the earlier period. In conclusion, our findings highlight the need for policymakers to prioritize rural settings for interventions designed to improve health outcomes, likely through improving health behaviors, clinical care, social and environmental factors, and physical environment attributes. Visualization tools can help guide policymakers and researchers with grounded information, communicate necessary data to engage relevant stakeholders, and track SDOH changes and health outcomes over time.

Building energy codes are essential tools for achieving energy efficiency in buildings. However, the full energy savings potential of these codes can only be realized if buildings are constructed in compliance with them. Therefore, evaluating building energy code compliance is crucial in bridging the gap between the energy efficiency requirements set by energy codes and the actualized energy savings achieved. An energy code compliance evaluation serves as a mechanism to assess construction practices, evaluate the effectiveness of code enforcement, identify gaps in compliance, and guide strategies for improvement through training and education. Conducting code compliance evaluation activities involves field studies that require careful design and significant resources. Historically, more emphasis has been placed on developing and adopting building energy codes, while efforts to evaluate compliance have been relatively limited and lacking consistent approaches. The passage of the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), which mandated that states create plans for achieving 90% compliance within eight years, stimulated the need for an energy code compliance evaluation. As a result, federal, state, and local governments, and utilities have invested in the development of methodologies and tools for code compliance evaluation studies. This paper reviews the code compliance evaluation studies conducted in the United States over the past three decades. It describes and compares the methodologies and metrics used to assess building energy code compliance, summarizes the general elements and steps involved in the evaluation process, and discusses common issues in these studies. Over time, code compliance evaluation methodologies have evolved from isolated development within individual states, regions, and utilities, to widely accepted protocols applicable across different states and local jurisdictions. There has been a transition in compliance metrics, shifting from historical compliance rates to energy-consumption-oriented approaches.

The search for an animal model to evaluate the allergenic potential of processed food products is still ongoing. Both the sensitization to ovalbumin (OVA) in different structural states and the allergic response triggered after intragastric or food challenges were assessed. BALB/c mice were sensitized intraperitoneally to OVA (50 µg) in different structural states (native OVA, N-OVA; denatured OVA, D-OVA; formaldehyde- and lysine-treated OVA, FK-OVA; denatured OVA-FK, OVA-DFK; peptides from pepsin digestion, Pep-OVA). Anti-OVA-specific IgE responses were evaluated using ELISA. Anaphylactic signs and mMCP-1 serum levels were evaluated after intragastric (2.0 mg/OVA) and food (0.41 mg/OVA) challenges. IgE reactivities to N-OVA and D-OVA were similar among groups (p > 0.05). After the challenges, all OVA-sensitized mice developed mild to severe anaphylactic signs (p < 0.05 vs. control). Mice sensitized to N-OVA and D-OVA had the highest mMCP-1 serum levels after challenges (p < 0.05 vs. control). Allergic responses were similar despite the different OVA doses used for the challenges. The N-OVA-sensitized murine model of egg allergy proposed in the present study holds the potential for evaluating the impact of food matrix composition and processing on the threshold of egg-allergic responses.

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) peptides can inhibit dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), an important type 2 diabetes mellitus therapeutic target. The molecular interactions between the inhibitory peptides and the active site of DPP-IV have not been thoroughly examined, nor have their pharmacokinetic properties. Therefore, the predictions of legumin- and provicilin-derived DPP-IV inhibitory peptides, their molecular interactions with the active site of DPP-IV, and their pharmacokinetic properties were carried out. Ninety-two unique DPP-IV inhibitory peptides were identified. Papain and trypsin were the enzymes with the highest AE (0.0927) and lowest BE (6.8625 × 10−7) values, respectively. Peptide binding energy values ranged from −5.2 to −7.9 kcal/mol. HIS-PHE was the most potent DPP-IV inhibitory peptide and interacts with residues of the active sites S1 (TYR662) and S2 (GLU205/ARG125 (hydrogen bonds:

There is little research on the impact of having LGBTQ family members on LGBTQ youth, despite a body of literature that emphasizes the importance of supportive family members for these youth. Using interviews with a racially diverse group of 26 LGBTQ youth in South Texas, the authors argue that LGBTQ family members, specifically nonparental relatives, play a supportive role in the lives of LGBTQ youth, particularly for Latinx youth. These family members help LGBTQ youth navigate family communication norms and practices around gender and sexuality, including insight into unspoken communication norms and translation for reading family interactions. The authors argue that these family members and their connections with LGBTQ youth were part of a broader resistance to heteronormativity within family life.

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) encompass multisystem disorders, and cardiovascular involvement is a well-known feature of autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic conditions. Unfortunately, subclinical and early cardiovascular involvement remains clinically silent and often undetected, despite its well-documented impact on patient management and prognostication with an even more significant effect on severe and future MACE events as the disease progresses. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), today, commands a unique position of supremacy versus its competition in cardiac assessment and is the gold standard for the non-invasive evaluation of cardiac function, structure, morphology, tissue characterization, and flow with the capability of evaluating biventricular function; myocardium for edema, ischemia, fibrosis, infarction; valves for thickening, large masses; pericardial inflammation, pericardial effusions, and tamponade; cardiac cavities for thrombosis; conduction related abnormalities and features of microvascular and large vessel involvement. As precise and early detection of cardiovascular involvement plays a critical role in improving the outcome of rheumatic and autoimmune conditions, our review aims to highlight the evolving role of CMR in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), limited sclerosis (LSc), adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD), polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM), eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) (formerly Churg-Strauss syndrome), and DRESS syndrome (DS). It draws attention to the need for concerted, systematic global interdisciplinary research to improve future outcomes in autoimmune-related rheumatic conditions with multiorgan, multisystem, and cardiovascular involvement.

El objetivo de la investigación es determinar la percepción de los estudiantes de nivel superior respecto al emprendimiento, a través de una encuesta elaborada por expertos, que permita conocer sus puntos de vista sobre su creatividad, visión empresarial y la posibilidad de implementar su idea de negocio. El método es de enfoque cuantitativo, ya que los datos son cuantificables y permiten la objetividad de los resultados al dirigirse a una determinada muestra de la población; su alcance es exploratorio, porque indaga en problemas o temas sobre los que existe escasa documentación, y es descriptivo, porque detalla cual es el perfil de los participantes recabando todos los datos posibles que contribuyan a la investigación. Finalmente es transaccional, ya que la toma de datos de campo se efectuó en una sola ocasión y en un determinado lugar. Se puede concluir que los estudiantes universitarios cuentan con una percepción favorable respecto al emprendimiento, sin embargo, algunos manifiestas temor a ser empresarios por el riesgo al fracaso, específicamente por no contar con las habilidades suficientes o por la falta de una inspiración que los motive a salir de su estatus quo. Existe una línea muy delgada entre hombres y mujeres en cuestión de iniciativa al decidir emprender, la edad de mayor interés es de 18 a 22 años y estado civil solteros.

Abstract Background There is an emerging body of evidence that links exposure to shift work to cardiovascular disease (CVD). The risk of coronary events, such as myocardial infarction, is greater among night shift workers compared to day workers. There is reason to believe that repeated exposure to shift work, especially night shift work, creates alterations in normal circadian patterns of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) and that these alterations contribute to increased risk of CVD. Recent data suggest that allowing shift workers to nap during night shifts may help to normalize BP and HRV patterns and, over time, reduce the risk of CVD. The risk of CVD related to shift work is elevated for emergency medical services (EMS) shift workers due in part to long-duration shifts, frequent use of night shifts, and a high prevalence of multiple jobs. Methods We will use a randomized crossover trial study design with three study conditions. The targeted population is comprised of EMS clinician shift workers, and our goal enrollment is 35 total participants with an estimated 10 of the 35 enrolled not completing the study protocol or classified as lost to attrition. All three conditions will involve continuous monitoring over 72 h and will begin with a 36-h at-home period, followed by 24 total hours in the lab (including a 12-h simulated night shift), ending with 12 h at home. The key difference between the three conditions is the intra-shift nap. Condition 1 will involve a simulated 12-h night shift with total sleep deprivation. Condition 2 will involve a simulated 12-h night shift and a 30-min nap opportunity. Condition 3 will involve a simulated 12-h night shift with a 2-h nap opportunity. Our primary outcomes of interest include blunted BP dipping and reduced HRV as measured by the standard deviation of the inter-beat intervals of normal sinus beats. Non-dipping status will be defined as sleep hours BP dip of less than 10%. Discussion Our study will address two indicators of cardiovascular health and determine if shorter or longer duration naps during night shifts have a clinically meaningful impact. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04469803 . Registered on 9 July 2020

Larkinia grandis (Broderip & G.B. Sowerby I, 1829), an important fishing resource for Mexican communities, is an Arcidae clam. It is also considered a species with aquaculture potential. In this work we investigated the gonadal phases and sexuality in a population of L. grandis in the Gulf of California. Our findings support the hypothesis that there is one male per female in the population studied. It also documents that the shape, position and color of the gonads of L. grandis are consistent with observations in other Arcidae species. Additionally, five gonadal phases are differentiated and described in males and females (development, mature, spawning, post-spawning and resting), with a noticeable presence of brown cells during post-spawning and the onset of the resting phase, suggesting that those cells are involved in the reabsorption of remnants. Additionally, asynchronous gametogenesis in males, synchronic gametogenesis in females and batch spawning are defined. The results of this contribution can be used in the efforts to protect this bivalve.

New and improved approaches are urgently needed to fight the increasing number of multi-drug resistant bacteria. The antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) prepared by standardized chemical and biological syntheses is compered here. Biological systems included extracts of Opuntia ficus-indica mucilage and extracellular growth broth of Aspergillus niger and Bacillus megaterium. The nanoparticles were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, IR, and transmission electron microscopy. All of the AgNPs shared characteristic IR peaks and had an average size of 20–60 nm. The AgNPs were mainly spherical regardless of synthetic path. The synthesis based on the extracellular broth of the fungus, due to the highest biomass and active compounds concentration, resulted in a high yield of nanoparticle formation. These AgNPs also exhibited the highest inhibition zone against Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus. The syntheses reported here have no significant influence on AgNPs physical characteristics, as compared to literature, but represent processes with shorter reaction time. Additionally, the fungal based nanoparticles have superior antibacterial characteristics.

Las condiciones climáticas y oceánicas determinan el patrón de distribución de la merluza del Pacífico (Merluccius productus). El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo conocer la relación espaciotemporal entre la distribución y la abundancia de la merluza del Pacífico y el ambiente en el golfo de California. Se analizó la información obtenida de 6 cruceros de investigación realizados entre 2014 y 2019. Los resultados mostraron que la merluza del golfo de California alcanza tallas de 105 cm de longitud total y presenta dimorfismo sexual a tallas >73 cm de longitud total. La mayor biomasa del recurso (68,260.37 t) se encontró en febrero de 2019 entre los 200 y 300 m de profundidad, y la menor, en octubre de 2016 (6,917.80 t) a profundidades de 100–150 m. Los centros de abundancia se localizaron a temperaturas de fondo de entre 13 y 14 °C, al norte de la isla Ángel de la Guarda y entre las grandes islas (isla Tiburón e isla Ángel de la Guarda). Al ajustar modelos aditivos generalizados entre las capturas de merluza de cada estación y distintas variables ambientales, espaciales y temporales, se encontró que la temperatura de fondo fue la variable que mejor describió estos centros de abundancia.

El presente ensayo busca visibilizar algunos problemas teóricos a los que arroja la práctica del grupo de investigación Hydra Transfilosofía Escénica, mismo que desde la experimentación busca poner en vilo el canon conceptual del arte, de la filosofía y de la investigación académica, para cuestionar, deconstruir y transvalorar estas definiciones y los entramados de poder que producen tanto sus discursos, como sus espacios e identidades. Se postula la transfilosofía escénica como un pensamiento intersticial que establece un cruce entre la ética, la estética y la política, echando mano de la mirada teatral en dos sentidos: apelando al ensayo como laboratorio de investigación y al uso de la teatralidad como conciencia de que la realidad y sus estructuras políticas no son algo acabado sino un proceso continuo, una puesta en escena de modos de representación y de percepción de esta representación. Así, se piensan las estrategias del performance y su estética de la transitoriedad, como la herramienta del grupo para superar valores dominantes en la academia, en un intento de abrir otras líneas de fuga para la teoría y la escritura que circulan normativamente en la teatrología.

Meteorology is a critical factor affecting respiratory infectious diseases such as MERS, SARS, and influenza, but its effect on the spread of the COVID-19 disease remains controversial. Nevertheless, since the infected people cough-jets produce plumes of droplets and aerosols that can travel for several meters in the atmosphere, the possible influence of wind circulation and atmospheric turbulence on the infectious plume's fate cannot be ignored. This paper applied cluster analysis for identifying the near surface wind circulation patterns and associated temperature and humidity distributions in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA), then their influence on the spread of the COVID-19 disease during the 2020 pandemic was discussed. Meteorology data and daily numbers of confirmed COVID-19 infections were obtained from public sources. An intense infection activity occurred from October to December 2020, and notable spreading of the disease toward the southwest and south MCMA was observed. In the same period, temperature and humidity conditions that could favor the virus stability and replication were detected in the same sectors, besides 60% of the wind observations revealed considerable northerly components. These findings suggested the existence of correlations between both phenomena. For assessing the possible relationship, the Pearson coefficients between the daily confirmed infections and the temperature and inward flux were estimated, and values from -0.32 to -0.55 and 0.62 to 0.70 were obtained. Correlation was negligible for relative humidity. Multilinear regression for the daily infections in response to the meteorological variables produced coefficients of determination from 0.3839 to 0.6138. Because of its implications for public health, this topic deserves a more in-depth investigation.

OBJECTIVES:. To describe the prevalence, associated risk factors, and outcomes of serious neurologic manifestations (encephalopathy, stroke, seizure, and meningitis/encephalitis) among patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. DESIGN:. Prospective observational study. SETTING:. One hundred seventy-nine hospitals in 24 countries within the Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study COVID-19 Registry. PATIENTS:. Hospitalized adults with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. INTERVENTIONS:. None. RESULTS:. Of 16,225 patients enrolled in the registry with hospital discharge status available, 2,092 (12.9%) developed serious neurologic manifestations including 1,656 (10.2%) with encephalopathy at admission, 331 (2.0%) with stroke, 243 (1.5%) with seizure, and 73 (0.5%) with meningitis/encephalitis at admission or during hospitalization. Patients with serious neurologic manifestations of COVID-19 were older with median (interquartile range) age 72 years (61.0–81.0 yr) versus 61 years (48.0–72.0 yr) and had higher prevalence of chronic medical conditions, including vascular risk factors. Adjusting for age, sex, and time since the onset of the pandemic, serious neurologic manifestations were associated with more severe disease (odds ratio [OR], 1.49; p < 0.001) as defined by the World Health Organization ordinal disease severity scale for COVID-19 infection. Patients with neurologic manifestations were more likely to be admitted to the ICU (OR, 1.45; p < 0.001) and require critical care interventions (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: OR, 1.78; p = 0.009 and renal replacement therapy: OR, 1.99; p < 0.001). Hospital, ICU, and 28-day mortality for patients with neurologic manifestations was higher (OR, 1.51, 1.37, and 1.58; p < 0.001), and patients had fewer ICU-free, hospital-free, and ventilator-free days (estimated difference in days, –0.84, –1.34, and –0.84; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS:. Encephalopathy at admission is common in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and is associated with worse outcomes. While serious neurologic manifestations including stroke, seizure, and meningitis/encephalitis were less common, all were associated with increased ICU support utilization, more severe disease, and worse outcomes.

El presente trabajo realiza un primer acercamiento a la identidad escolar de los alumnos del Colegio de Bachilleres del Estado de Chihuahua, tomando como referencia los conceptos que utiliza Mandoki (2006) sobre las matrices social y escolar y la manera en que influyen en la construcción de la identidad individual y colectiva de los sujetos. Las instituciones educativas se conciben como espacios significativos para la convivencia de los jóvenes, quienes están supeditados a reglamentos, códigos de conducta, apariencia, orden y disciplina; que permean en la formación de la identidad personal y escolar. Para estructurar el trabajo se recurre al análisis teórico del concepto de identidad, con el propósito de identificar cómo se construye en los actores del Colegio de Bachilleres durante los primeros años de la década de 1970, periodo que corresponde con su etapa de inicio. Las aportaciones teóricas se contrastan con la información que se obtuvo de fuentes orales, correspondientes a testimonios de actores que estuvieron como maestros y estudiantes en esa década. Entre los principales hallazgos destaca la identificación de contrastes en la formación de los jóvenes durante el periodo de funcionamiento de la Escuela Preparatoria de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua y el viraje que hubo a partir de su clausura y del consiguiente nacimiento del Colegio de Bachilleres de Chihuahua en 1973.

Objetivo: Este trabajo analiza la influencia de las instituciones educativas para generar transformaciones sociales a partir de la eficacia de la escuela para engendrar una cultura escolar propia. Particularmente se estudia la creación del subsistema de nivel medio superior: el Colegio de Bachilleres del Estado de Chihuahua (COBACH) en el periodo de 1973 a 1985. Método: Se utiliza el enfoque histórico crítico mediante el análisis de fuentes orales y de archivo para el rescate fehaciente de los hechos. Se tomó el enfoque teórico del análisis microhistórico, pues se rescata una historia institucional regional con sentido humano, basada en los testimonios de sus fundadores. Originalidad : Este estudio pretende contribuir a la investigación historiográfica educativa regional, se enfatiza en los primeros doce años del Colegio debido al crecimiento y consolidación que logró durante este periodo. Conclusiones : Los resultados evidencian cómo las instituciones educativas son capaces de engendrar culturas escolares que trascienden sus recintos y se establecen dentro de la identidad de la sociedad.