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El presente estudio explica la cabecera de la iglesia de la cofradía de Nostra Dona de Montserrat de Roma (1518-1522), proyectada por Antonio da Sangallo el Joven. A partir del análisis de los disegni de Antonio Cordini y de la planta actual, de pruebas documentales extraídas del Llibre de la fàbrica y de la observación de los restos materiales, se actualiza y amplía el conocimiento sobre la planta y sobre los trabajos realizados en travertino por los maestros scalpellini Bindo y Melchiore. Se reconstruye su localización, su cronología, su precio y sus características, y se proporcionan algunas posibles identificaciones. También se reflexiona sobre la importancia otorgada por este arquitecto al orden arquitectónico y a las interrelaciones numéricas.

El presente estudio propone un análisis del estado de la cuestión sobre la investigación de la red viaria romana en Galicia. La comprensión de las fuentes clásicas junto a los trabajos publicados desde finales del s. XIX, nos permitirán disponer de una visión global de cómo ha sido la evolución de esta rama de investigación a nivel hispano. Nos interesa en particular, la Gallaecia romana, y más en concreto, la Galicia actual. Se dedicará especial interés a los procesos metodológicos y tendencias historiográficas en la investigación del caso viario.

Abstract Background The ‘Taking the screening tests close to the people’ program offers cardiovascular screening to the inhabitants of underprivileged settlements. This study aimed to evaluate the cardiovascular risk factors of underprivileged populations, including individuals who described themselves as belonging to the Roma population. Methods During the program, we collected information about demographic features, lifestyle and current illnesses. A general health assessment (body weight, height, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose) and cardiovascular examination were performed. We analysed data on both Roma and non-Roma groups and used Pearson’s chi-squared test and multiple logistic regression models to analyse the factors that contribute to the onset of comorbidities, with a special focus on ethnicity. Results Data from 6211 participants were processed. Based on self-reports, the non-Roma population consisted of 5352 respondents (1364 men (25.5%) and 3988 women (74.5%)), and the Roma population comprised 859 respondents (200 men (23.3%) and 659 women (76.7%)). A total of 91.2% (4849) of the non-Roma population and 92.5% (788) of the Roma population exercised less than 3 h per week (p

Poor sanitation may be associated with growth faltering, but empirical evidence on the association between household sanitation infrastructure and child nutrition has been mixed. This article assessed whether sanitation infrastructure is associated with growth penalties for Roma children.

Demons-Meigs syndrome is a very rare entity. It combines a benign ovarian “fibroma-like” tumor with ascites and hydrothorax. The notion of benignancy is the key point. CA-125 levels are most of the time normal, but high levels can be observed in rare cases which makes it difficult to have a diagnostic. We present here the case of a 43-year-old female patient who presented with abdominopelvic pain. Imaging discovered a 30 cm large intraabdominal mass with ascites and bilateral pleural effusion. Surgical resection of the tumor was performed, and pathology identified an ovarian fibroma. No postintervention complications were observed, with resorption of the ascites and hydrothorax.

Antik Dönem’de Mysia Bölgesi sınırları içerisinde yer alan Kyzikos günümüzde Balıkesir ili Erdek ilçesinin Düzler Mahallesi’nde yer almaktadır. Kent, Miletoslular tarafından ilk MÖ 756’da ikinci kez de MÖ 679 yılında kurulmuştur. Kyzikos kazılarının 2022 yılı sezonu Nekropolis ve Hadrianus Tapınağı’nda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kazılarda seramikler, sikkeler, terracotta figürünler ve çeşitli arkeolojik küçük buluntular ele geçmiştir. Nekropolis’de ele geçen eserler arasında sikkeler sayıca diğer eserlerden fazladır. Sikkeler mezarların yanı sıra her iki açmada dağınık olarak ele geçmiştir. Nekropolis’de toplamda 54 sikke ile bulunmuştur. Bu sikkelerin 43’ü teşhis edilmiş geri kalan 11 sikke yoğun korozyonlu hallerinden dolayı teşhis edilememiştir. Tanımlanan 43 sikkeden 1’i Roma eyalet sikkesi, 23 Roma İmparatorluk ve 19’u Bizans sikkesidir. İmparatoru ve darphanesi tespit edilemeyen sikkeler arka yüz tiplerinden yola çıkarak dönemsel olarak tarihlendirilmiştir. Roma eyalet sikkesi çalışmada incelenen sikkelerin en erken tarihlisidir. Roma İmparatorluk sikkeleri 8 farklı imparatora aittir. Bizans sikkelerinin geneli Erken Bizans Dönemi’ne ait olup imparatoru tespit edilen sikkeler 3 imparatoru temsil etmektedir. Darphanesi tespit edilen sikkeler 7 farklı darphanede darp edilmiştir. Aynı zaman incelediğimiz sikkeler alanda ele geçen diğer buluntularında yayınlanmasıyla nekropolis’in kullanım dönemlerinin belirlenmesinde önemli rol oynayacaktır.

The study of short-term memory and language learning conducted with primary school Roma children in Cyprus aimed to determine how children who grow up in economically disadvantaged families learn their mother tongue (L1) Turkish and their second language (L2) Cypriot Greek. Two groups of children (20 children aged 8 and 20 children aged 10), a total of 40, were tested with the Picture short-term memory test, the Peabody vocabulary test, the sentence repetition test and the number repetition test. The study seeks to answer the research question: "How does the short-term memory test help Roma children to perform the tests in their L1 and L2?" The research findings were statistically analysed with SPSS and ANOVA and showed correlations between the independent factors of age group, gender, and testing language. The result showed that the children performed the tests much better in their mother tongue (L1). They need help learning some of the grammatical categories from the Greek language. The Processability Theory of Pienemann (1998) is examined. According to this theory, the production of linguistic structures is possible without any conscious or non-conscious attention because the locus of the attentive process is short-term memory. For the children to attain the necessary academic level of Greek, the teachers working with Roma children should receive training to develop children's bilingualism when instructing children growing up in a multilingual environment such as Cypriot society. Disclosure Statement The authors reported no potential conflicts of interest. * Corresponding author: Hristo Kyuchukov, 0000-0002-1965-8908hristo.kyuchukov@us.edu.pl

In Romania, one of the countries with the largest Roma community in Europe, the gap between the majority population and the Roma minority continues to be wide. The paper explores whether there is a sustainability of traditional Roma occupations and crafts or whether we are witnessing a continuous occupational dynamic. The objective of the research is to identify the patterns of traditional and non-traditional economic activities practised in Roma communities in two cities: Timişoara and Cluj-Napoca. The research hypothesis investigates whether there is a wide range of economic activities in analyzed Roma communities, where traditional activities tend to have a negligible share and dynamics compared to non-traditional ones. Also, we analyze whether traditional activities remain relevant in Roma communities and whether they represent a significant occupational resource in the case of external migration. The following statistical hypotheses are presented: there are significant differences between members of Roma communities in Timisoara and Cluj-Napoca. These are observed in the choice of practising non-traditional-traditional economic activities in the country. There are significant differences between members of Roma communities in Timisoara and Cluj-Napoca in the practice of traditional versus non-traditional occupations according to ethnic subgroup membership.

Abstract Neither ἰατρίνη nor μαῖα: the «special» knowledge of the iatromaea/ἰατρόμαια Especially in the last thirty years both the ἰατρίναι/medicae and the μαῖαι/obstetrices have received particular attention from scholars both for a more precise framing of these female «professions» within activities that are not exclusively manual but also intellectual, and in order to reconstruct the legal status, the possibilities of social affirmation and the opportunities of economic income of these two specific professional profiles. The subject of analysis here is a figure in its own right, that of the iatromaea/ἰατρόμαια, a term attested by very rare epigraphic mentions in Latin and Greek, absent from the databases of papyrus texts and a veritable hapax in literary testimonies. After reviewing the inscriptions that certify the existence of this word and the hypotheses formulated by moderns regarding its possible meaning, the paper attempts to trace the professional profile of this specialist, identifying, through a comparison with the sources, similarities and differences with the other types of therapists and making an interpretative proposal in conclusion regarding the specific knowledge and skills of the iatromaea/ἰατρόμαια.

Abstract Background Infant mortality rates are reliable indices of the child and general population health status and health care delivery. The most critical factors affecting infant mortality are socioeconomic status and ethnicity. The aim of this study was to assess the association between socioeconomic disadvantage, ethnicity, and perinatal, neonatal, and infant mortality in Slovakia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The associations between socioeconomic disadvantage (educational level, long-term unemployment rate), ethnicity (the proportion of the Roma population) and mortality (perinatal, neonatal, and infant) in the period 2017–2022 were explored, using linear regression models. Results The higher proportion of people with only elementary education and long-term unemployed, as well as the higher proportion of the Roma population, increases mortality rates. The proportion of the Roma population had the most significant impact on mortality in the selected period between 2017 and 2022, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2022). Conclusions Life in segregated Roma settlements is connected with the accumulation of socioeconomic disadvantage. Persistent inequities between Roma and the majority population in Slovakia exposed by mortality rates in children point to the vulnerabilities and exposures which should be adequately addressed by health and social policies.

AbstractBackground Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and subsequent COVID-19 has spread world-wide and become pandemic with about 7 million deaths reported so far. Interethnic variability of the disease has been described, but a significant part of the differences remain unexplained and may be attributable to genetic factors.Aim To analyse genetic factors potentially influencing COVID-19 susceptibility and severity in European Roma minority.Subjects and methods Two genetic determinants, within OAS-1 (2-prime,5-prime-oligoadenylate synthetase 1, a key protein in the defence against viral infection; it activates RNases that degrade viral RNAs; rs4767027 has been analysed) and LZTFL1 (leucine zipper transcription factor-like 1, expressed in the lung respiratory epithelium; rs35044562 has been analysed) genes were screened in a population-sample of Czech Roma (N = 302) and majority population (N = 2,559).Results For both polymorphisms, Roma subjects were more likely carriers of at least one risky allele for both rs4767027-C (p

Recesión realizada a la publicación de Marisa Barahona Oviedo editada como Anejos de Archivo Español de Arqueología centrada en el estudio de las presas romanas y altomedievales situadas en la cuenca media del río Tajo.

El cine juega un papel fundamental en la sociedad desde hace más de un siglo y, actualmente, ese papel se ha visto incrementado mediante el uso de las nuevas tecnologías, la televisión y los videojuegos. La historia siempre ha sido objeto de interés para los cinéfilos y productores, viendo en ella un modo diferente de contar el pasado, pero a través de sus propios ideales del momento, con la finalidad de entretener. Para algunos historiadores, el rigor científico e histórico que ofrecen estas películas es escaso o nulo, pero lo importante en ellas, es el papel de la historia y su transmisión a través del cine. Si no hubiese sido por dichas películas de mediados del siglo pasado, ¿qué concepto o historia de la Antigüedad hubiesen aprendido la mayoría de las gentes de aquellas generaciones? Este trabajo analiza brevemente las películas y series más conocidas por la sociedad, con mayor impacto, y, sobre todo, cuya transmisión y repercusión ayuda a mantener con vida la Antigüedad Clásica en el pensamiento de las generaciones pasadas, actuales y futuras.

Il manoscritto 16 dell’Accademia dell’Arcadia contiene una Genealogia e un Albero Genealogico dei Re d’Arcadia. Le carte risalgono, con tutta probabilità, ai primi anni di vita dell’Accademia, ossia al periodo in cui gli Arcadi stavano scrivendo una succinta storia d’Arcadia, in cui ripercorrevano le tappe attraverso le quali si era strutturata come una Repubblica a partire dalle sue origini leggendarie, ovvero da quando Evandro era giunto sul Palatino insieme agli Arcadi fuggiti dalla loro terra. La riforma del tempo e la creazione di una Efemeride di ispirazione greca, così come il ricordo del culto dei numi indigeti, rispondono entrambi all’istanza dei fondatori di dare al consesso una prestigiosa origine mitologica. Una tale eredità non tardò a manifestarsi nella prosa e nella poesia dell’Accademia, soprattutto in quei componimenti che gli Arcadi lessero presso il Bosco Parrasio sul Palatino, luogo in cui arrivarono, al pari di Evandro, dopo varie peregrinazioni e dove avrebbero promulgato le Leges nel 1696.

Over more than three decades since the fall of state socialism in Central and Eastern Europe, the position of the Roma in the region is rather ambivalent. Numerous European institutions, inter-governmental development agencies, national governments and European and national/local non-governmental organizations are involved in a pan-European effort to turn the tide for the Roma. The paper argues that although there are numerous efforts to implement development policies and programs to bridge the gap between Roma and non-Roma, there is still a gap between the discourses and inclusion policies developed at the European and national level and those at the sub-national level. There is a tendency to move away from the framing of Roma as an “at risk” group to seeing them as “dangerous people”, who pose threats to the security of others. The paper uses two sets of data sources. First, it employs a secondary analysis of three recent databases: – SocioRoMap – Sociographic mapping of Roma communities in Romania for community-level monitoring of changes regarding Roma integration (2017) and two surveys conducted by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (2011 and 2016). The second data source is based on semi-structured interviews carried out in several research projects that the author has participated in over the last few years. In conclusion, I argue that the two political projects of institutional developmentalism and securitization of the lifestyle of the poorest Roma can coexist, but the abandonment of the former can lead to complex social problems in the future.

Various phenomena from the field of Roma people's culture encourage Romologists to conduct scientific studies, particularly those which would contribute to new findings in the sphere of intercultural relations and the recent status of spiritual manifestations. This paper elaborates the results of the research presented at the scientific gathering organized by the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts and published in the collection entitled Contribution of the Roma to the Culture of the People in Serbia. The researchers dedicate special attention to modern phenomena in different fields of spiritual culture: literature, music, language, forms of cultural organization etc.

La edición del conocido y parcialmente estudiado manuscrito titulado Canzonette diverse in Lingua Spagnuola con acordes para guitarra, conservado en Roma en el fondo Corsini de la Accademia dei Lincei (Cors625), constituye una pieza importante en el ámbito de los estudios literarios, musicales e histórico-culturales y de las investigaciones sobre las relaciones entre Italia y España en el Siglo de Oro. Los trabajos del equipo coordinado por Patrizia Botta y compuesto por filólogos hispanistas, expertos en musicología, paleografía, codicología e historia social, contribuyen a arrojar luz sobre el contexto en que nació este singular cancionerillo y su función de instrumento de diversión para el mundillo cortesano romano que se reunía alrededor de la familia Peretti.

The Baia Mare region was once one of Romania's main mining centres, with a significant proportion of the local population engaged in industry jobs. However, the extensive economic restructuring that followed the collapse of the old communist regime and the emergence of capitalist development was characterized by brutal privatization measures and great economic instability. While the transition years brought new opportunities for some, for most they meant unstable housing and employment, debt, and a declining social status. Thus, many workers quickly became ‘surplus populations’ (Li 2017) and were forced into patterns of circular migration abroad. Employing a qualitative research methodology, analysing both interviews and secondary data, this paper will focus on the adaptive responses of workers from Baia Mare to the changes in the socio-economic landscape after the collapse of the communist regime and the advance of neoliberal policies in Romania. In particular, the paper looks at Roma and non-Roma migrants from Baia Mare, attempting to compare their strategies and work histories in the context of migration, to see the extent to which class and race differences play a role in creating specific migration patterns in the post-socialist context. The comparison between racialized people living in improvised shelters on the periphery of Baia Mare and those who are working class but not living in a situation of destitution will show us the role that dispossession plays in creating certain conditions that lead to debt dependency and specific migration patterns.

Ernest Renan, 1880 yılında Hibbert Enstitüsü'nde Hıristiyanlık ve Roma arasındaki ilişki üzerine bir dizi konferans vermek üzere Londra'ya davet edilmiştir. Bu tercüme edilmiş konferanstan ve serideki diğer konuşmalardan, bu konferansın 1870 yılında düzenlenen Birinci Vatikan Konsili'nden sonra Papa Pius IX tarafından ilan edilen papalığın yanılmazlığı doktrini ile ilgili olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Renan burada Roma'nın Kilise hiyerarşisindeki bugünkü prestijli konumuna yükselişinin ve düşüşünün bir tarihini vermektedir. Pagan dönemin ve Remus ve Romulus'un yerini Petrus ve Pavlus'un aldığı yeni dönemin bir manzarasını sunar. Roma Kilisesi'nin, Konstantin'in başkenti doğuya taşımasına kadar Hıristiyan topluluklar arasındaki saygınlığını koruduğunu belirtmektedir. Ayrıca Doğu ve Batı kiliseleri arasındaki bölünmenin de bizzat İmparator Konstantin tarafından gerçekleştirildiğini iddia etmektedir. Renan, Hibbert Enstitüsü'nde verdiği konferansların amacını Katolik Kilisesi'nin geçmişteki ihtişamının bir açıklaması olarak ifade etmektedir. Kilise tarafından yetiştirildiğini, çocukluğundan gelen bu derin bağların onu Katolikliğe bağladığını ve Kilise'yi terk etmesine rağmen ona olan umudunu kaybetmediğini itiraf eder. Bununla birlikte Renan, Katolikliğin insan aklının özgürlüğüne yönelik bir tehdit olduğunu, bu nedenle Katolik Kilisesi'ne ve din adamlarına karşı çıkmanın doğru ve gerekli olduğunu da belirtmektedir.

The article presents socio-economic aspects of work and labour market in four Roma communities in Romania. The theoretical framework presents the labour market, its risks and inequalities in relation to the Roma population. The data analysed in the article is based on a qualitative methodology and 123 people (Roma and non-Roma) were interviewed. The analysis presents the jobs of Roma people, the ways they are paid for the work they do and the determinants of the label given to Roma by welfare recipients who do not like to work. The data presented and analysed are obtained within the project “The role of religion and religious actors in Roma social inclusion: towards a participatory approach” PARI – RO-NO-2019-0586.

The contribution investigates the changing dichotomy centre-periphery of the city of Rome through a rereading of Giancarlo De Cataldo’s fiction. The narrative of urban space in Romanzo criminale (2002), Suburra (2013) and La Svedese (2022) offers a crime reinterpretation of the Roman periphery from the late 1970s to the second decade of the 2000s. The author explores the complexities and ambiguities of living on the margins of the cultural context of reference, where the same condition of marginality is not the exclusive prerogative of the built-up areas near the ring roads, inhabited by a large part of the population for some time. The road infrastructure system, although in the common imagination it refers to the idea of transit and extremity, innervates the urban fabric, dialoguing with the more distant monumental city and becoming an identity zone with its own narrative to legitimise. The study intends to highlight how De Cataldo’s narrative work was able to represent the changing concept of suburbia and the different perception of territorial and moral degradation.

Entrusted in 1472 by Sixtus IV della Rovere to the Observant Augustinian Congregation of Lombardy, the Roman church of Santa Maria del Popolo and the adjoining convent underwent a veritable renaissance from that time onwards, which involved not only the architectural structure of the complex, but – among other things – also its book equipment. After outlining a historical framework of the convent at the end of the 15th century and focusing on the liturgical-musical apparatus of the Augustinians of Piazza del Popolo, the contribution presents some news of interest for the study of the choir library taken from the surviving documentary sources, the current composition of the collection now in the General Augustinian Archive and some initial reflections on two graduals whose decoration is proposed to be attributed to the Master of the Barbo Missal. Finally, there is a brief report on an illuminated cutting from the choir library of Sant’Agostino in Siena, preserved in the Central Library of the Augustinian Province of Italy in Viterbo and included, together with the choir books from the Florentine convent of Santo Spirito and those from Santa Maria del Popolo in Rome, in a cataloguing campaign promoted by the Augustinian Province of Italy and supported by the National Commission “Indici e Cataloghi delle Biblioteche italiane” and the Vatican Apostolic Library.

The Roma population—with a unique history marked by migration, settlement issues, and ongoing resilience—has always faced significant social marginalization and has often been subjected to forced migration. Despite being one of the largest and most diverse ethnic groups in Europe, Roma continue to face systemic discrimination and social exclusion, leading to poor outcomes in education, employment, health, and housing. This article analyses the migration pathways, settlement experiences, and persistent obstacles faced by Roma. We argue that removing historical and systemic barriers to create a more equitable and welcoming environment for the Roma community is their right. The resilience of the Roma community in the face of adversity is a testament to their cultural strength and adaptability. This research aims to document these aspects and thus provide a basis for policies that promote social inclusion, equality, and respect for cultural diversity.

Romanian State Secret Police (Securitate) files produced before 1989 can be accessed today through a lengthy process that requires official research authorization through a government office, the National Council for the Study of the Securitate Archives (Consiliul Național pentru Studierea Arhivelor Securității - CNSAS). The CNSAS General Document Fund includes large issue-related files under the umbrella of “The Gypsy Problem,” with thousands of pages of both national and county-level reports and recommendations. This paper teases out the granular documentary clues (spie, as Italian historian Carlo Ginzburg describes them) in some of the Securitate files to explore the way in which a pattern of documentary communication is built to frame Romani identity as idiosyncratically marginal, oriental, and parasitic. A particularly interesting aspect of the knowledge production imposed through these files is reflected by anecdotes that purportedly illustrate the character of the Roma. This study analyzes the relations of power built through hermeneutic devices and language choices which build “truth formulae” (Weir) that reify a particular view of Romani ethnicity, class, and gender. This archival (de)construction has implications for a long view of policy, political memory, and exclusionary societal attitudes today and in the future.

The cultural and ethnic characteristics of families are an important part of raising and nurturing health culture and behaviour in children. The low educational status, poor living conditions, poverty, stereotypes of behavior in large families, and imposed influences in the Roma community are prerequisites for the presence of risk factors for the health status of Roma children and create difficulties in the care by health professionals. The aim of this study is to analyze the cultural characteristics of the Roma ethnic group and their relation to the health status of children from this ethnic group in Bulgaria. Material and methods: documentary method. Literature analysis. Conclusions: Roma children live in poor living conditions, which puts them at risk of developing diseases. Insufficient parental education is a factor determining the health status of Roma children. Cultural features of the environment and family significantly influence the health culture of Roma children.

The interview discusses how paintings like those by Mantegna and Leombruno depict ancient Rome, blending myth and history to celebrate the religious power and humanistic culture of the 15th century, while suggesting a labyrinthine topography of the eternal city, integrating Christian and pagan elements into a complex symbolic and political fabric.

The interview discusses how paintings like those by Mantegna and Leombruno depict ancient Rome, blending myth and history to celebrate the religious power and humanistic culture of the 15th century, while suggesting a labyrinthine topography of the eternal city, integrating Christian and pagan elements into a complex symbolic and political fabric.

The interview discusses how paintings like those by Mantegna and Leombruno depict ancient Rome, blending myth and history to celebrate the religious power and humanistic culture of the 15th century, while suggesting a labyrinthine topography of the eternal city, integrating Christian and pagan elements into a complex symbolic and political fabric.

Many Roma across Europe continue to face a range of social problems, including ethnic discrimination, marginalisation, residential segregation, socio‐economic inequality, and extremist violence. The lack of effective policies to address these issues has reinforced a climate of hatred against Roma, further isolating many of them. It has also affected their position in the political arena, where Roma remain severely underrepresented. In this article, we analyse the situation of Roma in three Western Balkan countries and the policies developed to support them. We discuss the institutional structures for managing and improving the socio‐economic conditions of identity‐based communities and examine the position of the Roma within these institutional contexts. We also explore attitudes towards Roma‐related policies and how Roma citizens themselves in these three countries perceive their position.

A partir de la publicación en Roma, en 1590, de los libros De Christo revelato y De temporibus novissimis del jesuita español José de Acosta, analizamos los horizontes romanos de dichos textos y sus vínculos con América a través de los viajes del jesuita desde la península ibérica y de la mediación política efectuada en las cortes romanas. El objetivo del artículo es analizar estos importantes libros no solo por sus contenidos milenaristas o bíblicos, sino también vincularlos con sus condiciones políticas, el contexto de producción y las escriturasy las prácticas del jesuita Acosta en Roma.

Non conoscere con sicurezza la provenienza di un’iscrizione latina è una delle principali difficoltà che l'epigrafista incontra nella sua ricerca. Questo può portare a gravi errori sul piano scientifico, con la creazione di “personaggi fantasmi” o l’errata attribuzione a luoghi o persone. Si presenta in questa sede, come caso di studio, un’iscrizione menzionante un frumentarius, un soldato scelto con compiti di spionaggio, che tutti gli studiosi hanno sempre ritenuta come proveniente da Verona. In realtà, l’analisi del litotipo (marmo proconnesio), mai adoperato in Verona romana per i monumenti sepolcrali nella prima età imperiale, e il confronto con altre stele da Roma, molto simili e caratteristiche non solo dei praetoriani e dei vigiles, ma anche dei frumentarii, ha portato risultati interessanti. Questa iscrizione non è veronese ma proviene da Roma ed è entrata nella collezione di Scipione Maffei attraverso alcuni passaggi collezionistici difficile da ricostruire, almeno per il momento.

This study examines persistent racism, despite its formal denial, through an interdisciplinary approach that combines critical race theories, whiteness study and social psychology. It questions whether the analytical and empirical distinction between different forms of prejudice—despite their coexistence—can yield positive outcomes in the fight against racism. Considering the case of the Roma community in Italy, specifically within the universalistic approach of the Italian school system, the level of prejudice was measured in a sample of 305 middle school teachers. The main findings confirm the persistence of blatant prejudice concealed beneath a veneer of subtle racism and reveal that an educational institution’s rhetorical commitment to democracy may not substantially impact the behavior of democratic teachers when interacting with Roma individuals. The systemic inequalities ingrained within the education system are reminiscent of colonial times, where practices that once suppressed the potential of Africans are now used against Italian Roma citizens. This article finally suggests how teacher training might be improved to reduce racism, based on the different profiles of prejudicial attitudes detected among teachers.

While the expansion of higher education increases access to higher qualifications, students from disadvantaged backgrounds are at an increased risk of dropping out. Research shows that student progression is more successful in inclusive higher education environments. The study focuses on the promotion of opportunities for Roma in higher education, contributing to the international discourse on this issue. A Hungarian higher education organization supporting young Roma people and students of socially disadvantaged backgrounds is presented, relying on the experiences of young people who have been members of this community over the past twenty years. The question is whether and how the inclusive characteristics of the organization are reflected in the recollections of our interviewees (N = 50) about the student society. The narrative content analysis of the interviews shows that the former students’ entry into and time spent in the student society was embedded in a strong (peer and tutorial) social network, which framed and amplified the mentioned inclusive elements and forms of support of the organization. The inclusive approach and practices of the student society community played a key role in the mobility of Roma youth during their university years and beyond.

Savaş mefhumu insanlık tarihinin ayrılmaz bir parçasıdır. Çağlar boyunca hasım taraflar mücadeleden galip ayrılmak gayesiyle yeni silahlar geliştirmişler ya da var olan silah sistemlerini iyileştirmişlerdir. Özellikle süvarinin savaş alanlarında etkin bir güç olarak ortaya çıkmasıyla birlikte adı geçen sınıfın etkisini azaltmak amacıyla pek çok silah sistemi geliştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda tarihte kullanılan ilk mayın olma özelliğine sahip olan tribolos ortaya çıkmıştır. Üretimi ve kullanımı oldukça kolay olan tribolos, temelde dört sivri uçtan oluşan ve yere atıldığında her zaman bir ucunun yukarıya baktığı tehlikeli bir silahtır. Adı geçen silah eskiçağ tarihi boyunca pek çok önemli muharebede kullanılmıştır. Tribolos, MS 217 tarihinde meydana gelen Nisibis Savaşı esnasında da Macrinus önderliğindeki Romalılar tarafından Parth süvarisinin etkisini azaltmak bağlamında başarıyla kullanılmıştır. Muharebe öncesinde Romalılar yaşanan gelişmelerle bağlantılı olarak Parthlar ile kıyaslandığında oldukça müşkülatlı bir konumdaydılar. Özellikle Romalılar, Parth süvarisinin etkin bir şekilde harekât icra edebilmesine olanak sağlayacak bir bölgede savaşı kabul etmek zorunda kalmışlardır. Bununla beraber Romalılar savaşın en kritik anında Parth ağır süvarisinin harekâtını engellemek için triboloslardan istifade etmişlerdir. Tribolosların sağladığı katkı neticesinde Romalılar Parthların ilk hücumunu başarıyla savuşturmuştur. Savaşın uzaması neticesinde başarı umutları ortadan kalkan Parthlar, Romalılar ile barış yapmak zorunda kalmışlardır.

This is the first known study of the socio-cognitive development of Lyuli children, a Roma-type group living in Bukhara in Uzbekistan. The research was conducted in schools in Bukhara serving both Lyuli children and Uzbek children, both of whom are multi-lingual but whose sociolinguistic circumstances are somewhat different. There has been less cross-cultural work on later stages of Theory of Mind development, in which children have to make inferences about the mental states of characters in a complex narrative. The research here shows that the children from both groups do remarkably well on these tasks, and their multilingualism is hypothesized to be the source of their success relative to other children studied with similar narratives.

A questão da cultura permanece não suficientemente investigada dentro do pensamento de Arendt, seja pela escassez de seus escritos a respeito desta, seja pela negligência quanto à importância da cultura dentro do arcabouço teórico arendtiano. A partir da imersão fenomenológico-hermenêutica realizada por Arendt, é-nos possível desvelar o horizonte de sentido pelo qual a filósofa entendia o termo cultura e sua manifestação própria dentro da história, a qual tem de ser admitida aqui como sempre fugidia, como algo que não pode ser apreendido inteiramente, como desejavam as modernas filosofias da história. Analisa-se aqui, portanto, as origens da questão da cultura, suas manifestações primeiras na Roma e Grécia antigas, bem como reconstrói-se a direção de sentido da própria cultura a partir da análise de sua relação de distanciamento e aproximação para com a política, algo que desvela, além de uma tensão, uma correlação ambígua dentro do espaço público, onde as coisas aparecem a fim de serem julgadas.

Introduction: The Roma Mentor Project has originally been the experimental educational model of Open Society Institute for multiply disadvantaged Roma and non-Roma youth in the period 2006-2013. Following the closure of OSI’s experimental and alternative educational projects, it has been run further, during the 2016/17 academic year, with the support of the Norway Grant, by the Bhim Rao Association (located in Northern Hungary).

The article provides a comprehensive economic and legal analysis of the position of national minorities in the labour market. To do this, a comparative analysis of the socio-economic and legal status of national minorities is carried out and an analysis of the situation of national minorities in the labour market is conducted while taking into account real and declarative indicators of the level of employment, which were determined by the author's survey and field experiment. It has been proven that discrimination in the labour market is characteristic of certain, but not all, groups of national minorities, in particular, the Roma. It is believed that the efficiency of the labour market of national minorities also affects tax revenues and the distribution of social costs. Ensuring equal opportunities for these groups contributes to the creation of stable social conditions, reducing the costs of social assistance and increasing the efficiency of social capital. The study of the labour market of national minorities also takes into account the importance of socio-economic stability. The main causes of discrimination of representatives of ethno-national groups in the labour market are singled out, and economic and legal measures to stimulate inclusion in the labour market are defined. Through the author's survey and the field method of fictitious questionnaires, the discrimination of certain groups of national minorities in Ukraine, among them Moldovans and especially the Roma, was proven, and it was proved that the unemployment rate in the region provokes an almost proportional decrease in the number of responses from employers from representatives of national minorities. The field of employment was not a significant factor in indicating certain features of discrimination based on the field of the labour market.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most prevalent types of cancer in women. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for the survival of the patients. However, the majority of women are diagnosed in advanced stages due to the lack of effective biomarkers and accurate screening tools. While previous studies sought a common biomarker, our study suggests different biomarkers for the premenopausal and postmenopausal populations. This can provide a new perspective in the search for novel predictors for the effective diagnosis of OC. Genetic algorithm has been utilized to identify the most significant biomarkers. The XGBoost classifier is then trained on the selected features and high ROC-AUC scores of 0.864 and 0.911 have been obtained for the premenopausal and postmenopausal populations, respectively. Lack of explainability is one major limitation of current AI systems. The stochastic nature of the ML algorithms raises concerns about the reliability of the system as it is difficult to interpret the reasons behind the decisions. To increase the trustworthiness and accountability of the diagnostic system as well as to provide transparency and explanations behind the predictions, explainable AI has been incorporated into the ML framework. SHAP is employed to quantify the contributions of the selected biomarkers and determine the most discriminative features. Merging SHAP with the ML models enables clinicians to investigate individual decisions made by the model and gain insights into the factors leading to that prediction. Thus, a hybrid decision support system has been established that can eliminate the bottlenecks caused by the black-box nature of the ML algorithms providing a safe and trustworthy AI tool. The diagnostic accuracy obtained from the proposed system outperforms the existing methods as well as the state-of-the-art ROMA algorithm by a substantial margin which signifies its potential to be an effective tool in the differential diagnosis of OC.

Los pueblos, conocidos en la historiografía tradicional como bárbaros llegan en diversas oleadas a Europa entre el siglo IV y el siglo XIII. En este artículo se pretende mostrar que el factor decisivo para la integración y civilización de los diversos pueblos que llegaron al Imperio fue el cristianismo y que Roma no habría tenido la capacidad de absorberlos. Para ello investigaremos algunas características de la expansión de Roma y los principios intrínsecos al cristianismo que le permitieron civilizar a los invasores.

Este trabajo ilustra la metodología adoptada para la construcción de un SIG histórico de la ciudad de Roma en el siglo XIX, a partir de fuentes catastrales. El trabajo integra investigación histórica basada en documentación de archivo y análisis geográfico y tiene como objetivo producir nueva información temática sobre la ciudad. En este contexto, la informatización de los mapas del catastro urbano de 1819-24 y de la información contenida en los registros catastrales ha llevado al desarrollo de un eficaz sistema de gestión de bases de datos basado en la localización geográfica de los datos, y a la implementación de una herramienta analítica que permite el estudio de la estructura física y de las condiciones socioeconómicas de la ciudad con un altísimo nivel de detalle.

The paper proposes a semiotic analysis of Cityscapes by Valeriana Berchicci, a digital museum of memory of Rome hosted on a permanent and interactive online platform that maps the city through oral narratives collected by the artist and the users themselves. The goal is to test whether the digital platform placed at the service of the museum-archive can constitute a qualitatively innovative way of musealization and memory reprocessing. At the heart of the project is the relationship between representation of urban space, memory and artistic practice, investigated in particular from the perspective of the concepts of museum and his objects, spatial and temporal coordinates, the use of voice in a figurative way, and the intersubjective dimension.

El principio de dos partes que se complementan en dos civilizaciones dife-rentes (harmonia oppositorum / yanantin) se reúne en la obra poética y plástica eielsoniana para crear. En su obra, la ciudad de Roma actúa como un centro plataforma que le sirve para reencontrar formas de ver cosmológicas que unen niveles. Para este artículo, nos servimos de Habitación en Roma y sus artículos de los años cincuenta, así como declaraciones hechas en los años setenta, ochenta y en el siglo XXI. A partir del vestigio, la creación de objetos se replica en su obra poética, plástica y en sus procedimientos con la materia. Con esta es posible transformar y ser transformado luego de alcanzar momentos de ultraconsciencia.

La epigrafía de época imperial documenta la pervivencia de la organización en gentes vinculadas con el mapa de la Península Ibérica que se construye durante la conquista romana. La mención por parte de personajes destacados de la élite hispanorromana de su pertenencia a un grupo étnico responde a la reivindicación de una identidad, asociada a un pasado, del que se sienten orgullosos y que no es excluyente de su condición de ciudadanos romanos. La información de las fuentes impide conocer si estas gentes tienen su origen en grupos existentes antes de la dominación romana o son el resultado de la acción ordenadora de Roma. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el papel de Roma en la construcción del mapa etnográfico y en la imagen de estas gentes a través de la información que transmiten los autores clásicos

One of the central issues of our age is early school leaving. In this paper it was decided to analyze to what extent early school leaving involves the Roma, one of the most marginalized social groups. The basic hypothesis, which has been advanced in close connection with the field research, is that the perception of the representations of Roma families and teachers can be mediated through an integrated planning, based on public-private partnership entrusted to the institutions and to the organizations present and active in the area, in order to guarantee the maintenance of individual and collective differences and by promoting mutual understanding. The aim of the research is to observe whether the effects of an integrated planning, where Roma are an active part, are useful for deconstructing that stereotype which feeds on cultural essentialities to justify marginalization and early school leaving. The EU in its 2019 report confirmed that more Roma children participate in early childhood and primary education (53% in 2016, compared to 47% in 2011). On the other hand, there are fewer premature abandonments (68% in 2016, and 87% in 2011). The research showed that integrated planning between Roma and the school community already represents an action of social integration, capable of enhancing and recognizing differences, while generating a decrease in dropouts and greater social inclusion.

Este artículo revisa los estudios precedentes sobre la casa-hospital de San Nicolás, una de las estructuras asistenciales de la Corona de Aragón en Roma durante la Baja Edad Media. Gracias al empleo de pruebas documentales, corrige la localización tradicional de este inmueble, trasladándola de Corte Savella al «area cinciana». Además, describe la configuración del edificio, analiza su antigüedad y estudia las sucesivas restauraciones, hasta su adquisición por Virgilio Cenci en 1518.

Dieser Artikel behandelt die Wissensproduktion über nichtsesshafte Bevölkerungsgruppen wie Nachtmänner, Roma und Reisende in Dänemark zwischen 1800 und 1950. Hierbei wird die These eines dahingehenden dänischen Sonderweges vertreten, nicht nur im Vergleich zu Deutschland, sondern auch zu den skandinavischen Nachbarn. Dieser äußerte sich in einem unterentwickelten Interesse von Wissenschaft und Staat für entsprechende Gruppen und mündete in einer Ablehnung eugenischer Zwangsmaßnahmen. Die Analyse dieses Sonderweges erfolgt anhand von Schlüsseltexten aus drei Perioden: einer nationalromantischen ab ca. 1800, einer durch den dänischen Gypsy Lorist Johan Miskow geprägten zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts und einer eugenischen ab 1938. Ein besonderes Interesse gilt hierbei Kontinuitäten und Brüchen in Narrativen von Reinheit vs. Vermischung. // This article analyses knowledge production about itinerant groups such as Nightmen, Roma and Travellers in Denmark between 1800 and 1950. It puts forward the thesis of a Danish Sonderweg in this regard, not only compared with Germany, but also the Scandinavian neighbours. This Sonderweg was characterized by an underdeveloped interest of science and state authorities for respective groups and culminated into a rejection of forced eugenic measures. The analysis is based on key texts from three periods: a national romantic one from approximately 1800 onwards, one shaped by the Danish Gypsy Lorist Johan Miskow at the beginning of the 20th century, and one eugenic from 1938. Special interest is given to continuities and fractions in narratives of purity vs. mixture.