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The paper briefly describes the book exhibition All’alba della stampa. Itinerari tra gli incunaboli della Biblioteca Universitaria di Pavia, set on display at the Salone Teresiano of the University Library of Pavia between March 4 and May 24, 2024. The aim of the event is to promote the Pavia University Library’s incunabula collection, of which the PRIN 2017 project - The Dawn of Italian Publishing. Technology, Texts and Books in Central and Northern Italy in the XVth and XVIth centuries helped to complete the identification of each material evidence within the Material Evidence in Incunabula database (MEI). Three itineraries are foreseen: the first is expressly dedicated to the first printing production in Pavia, followed by a selection of illuminated incunabula and finally a group of books printed in Bologna, chosen to pay homage to the partnership between the Alma Mater Studiorum and the Pavia University Library.

Durante la Edad Moderna se generalizó la difusión impresa de noticias políticas o bélicas, muchas veces complementadas con ilustraciones. Los grandes poderes del momento fueron los principales responsables de este proceso, al entender las capacidades que estos medios masivos tenían para construir un estado de opinión favorable a sus intereses. En este sentido, las Guerras de Italia tuvieron un papel clave, y muy especialmente la batalla de Pavía. La victoria de Carlos V sería dada a conocer mediante multitud de medios artísticos, en un momento en que el emperador aún estaba afirmando su poder. Dentro de este conjunto ocuparon un lugar fundamental los grabados y escenas en textos breves. En ocasiones, estas imágenes son muy sencillas y genéricas, pero también hay ejemplos muy atentos a la realidad de los hechos y el espacio.

The present contribution illustrates the documentation and setting up of a digital database of a portion of Bellisomi-Vistarino Palace in Pavia (Italy), a relevant historical asset due to its artistic value. Despite recent restoration work, there are still disused portions of the complex, including the garden, the loggia and the rooms on the ground floor that overlook it. These portions are the elements this paper deals with. The approach to a small portion of the building is a pilot case from the perspective of a broader work of integral documentation of the whole complex. The aim is to define digital support for diagnostic and restoration planning activities from the perspective to enhance and create a new cultural attraction for the city, using the Foundation of the University of Pavia, already settled in the Palace and their organizational skills and networks. This is achieved by structuring a tridimensional digital twin and database connected to it to monitor the assets and generate digital environments for cultural and touristic valorisation.

The paper deals with the development and settlement of female monasteries in the urban contexts of the early Middle Ages. Through a preliminary focus on the community founded by saint Cesarius in Arles during the 6th century, the article aims to identify some elements recognizable in this context and to investigate them in other towns. Important aspects like the liturgical organization of different oratoria, the placement of the burial church for the female community, and the role in the promotion of saints’ cult during the high Middle Ages represent an interesting possibility of comparison, in this case with the reality of Metz, specifically with Saint-Pierre-aux-Nonnains and Sainte-Glossinde. The last part of the paper is dedicated to a first analysis of the role and spatial organization of female monasteries in two Lombard towns: Milan and Pavia. Through a survey of the communities already existing in the 11th century and their position in the urban topography the paper opens to some remarks following the observations made for Arles and Metz, thus suggesting the necessity of an in-depth study of these north-Italian contexts.

The era of Spanish domination over the University of Pavia, which lasted between the magnificent period of the Visconti and the Sforza reigns and the times of the reforms of Maria Teresa and Joseph II the Habsburg, is considered by some researchers as a period of decadence and by others as a phase of purely formal continuity.Over the course of several centuries, there has been a transition from the idea of monolithic medieval university to flexible centers of higher education. From the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries, the cycle of education at the secondary level was defined, which inevitably imposed its primacy over primary and higher education. In Pavia, the situation was no different from that of other European cities, on the contrary, it adopted certain values within the cultural policy carried out by the Spanish kings.The aim of the article is – using the example of the University of Pavia – to present the changes that took place during this period in secondary education and at universities. The humanistic heritage of the University of Pavia during the Spanish period was confronted with the regional education system, it had to overcome the periods of crisis, then to face changes needed and to create the premises for a deliberate deployment of higher education, which will flourish later under the influence of the Enlightenment.Source research allowed for the formulation of conclusions that the Studium Ticinensis can be considered as an institution that was developing efficiently, was characterized by a coherent educational system, which – like in other regions of Europe – appears to be a fruit of modernity.

The civil towers in Pavia are a distinctive element of the city’s architectural heritage, dating back to the Medieval Age as a statement of the lordship’s power and wealth. They constitute singularities in the urban landscape, with out-of-scale vertical development, whether in the original morphology or altered by subsequent actions. Furthermore, they are embedded in a dense urban fabric and therefore they are naturally associated with local risks for the safety of the urban setting and of its users. These peculiarities require accurate and complex documentation practices, and they foster monitoring and morpho-material mapping as preliminary actions to their conservation. The knowledge analysis that has been developed on the case study of the Clock Tower aims to systematize a documentation strategy for delivering an accurate and updated conservation status of the wall surfaces. Digital survey outputs are then developed as diagnosis tools to support intervention procedures, by highlighting deformations and deteriorations that could cause structural instability.

Il contributo fissa l’attenzione sugli echi della poesia di Carlo Porta nei componimenti di Siro Carati, cui si deve l’impulso alla rinascita della poesia dialettale a Pavia. Notevole è il rapporto con il modello, rispetto al quale Carati rivendica la dignità letteraria del dialetto pavese, proprio come lo stesso Porta aveva già fatto con il milanese rispetto al toscano. Del resto anche le riprese non si dimostrano pedisseque, tanto che nella traduzione libera delle Desgrazzi de Giovannin Bongee le memorie portiane rimangono in sottotraccia, fatte proprie dal Carati e intrecciate a innovazioni del tutto personali, che fanno de I dasgrazi ad Bortlamé Gandion un testo di per sé originale.

In late January 2020, the first cases of Covid-19 were diagnosed in Italy. A month later the epidemic broke out in Lombardy bringing along dire consequences. Up to January 23rd 2021, the region counted 522,000 cases, and 26.518 deaths on a population of nearly 10 million. For many weeks thereafter tens of emergency COVID-19 patients were admitted every day through the ED requiring further adjustments in the organization of the Hospital, always in close cooperation with the out-of-hospital Emergency network. Among these, important and time-sensitive changes took place in the role of Residents in Emergency Medicine. As residents who worked through the first and second wave of the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic in the Emergency Department, we would like to discuss the consequences of our massive involvement on the front line of the healthcare effort to fight it.

The example of the Hospital of San Matteo in Lombard Pavia, founded right at the turn from the Visconti to the Sforza Dukes dominion in 1448, in one of the most learned cities of Lombardy, presents a very experimental assistential building for the historical period in which it was conceived. Its foundation has also been related to the Dominicans of the region, since it was the local monk Domenico de Catalogna, who took initiative to plan it and obtain the necessary permissions. On one hand, San Matteo was influenced by the exemplary hospital of Santa Maria Nova in Florence, whose foundation went back as early as 1288 and which had obviously enjoyed a strong impact already in the Late Middle Ages from the Islamic skills in building this kind of structures. In fact, Tuscany continuously developed intense trades via Pisa with the Mediterranean neighbors, the Iberian states, Syria and Egypt in the first place. But there were more influences in Pavia: the transfer from Padua of the entire scientific library to Pavia in 1388 had surely enriched the latter’s university with a wealth of information from the Orient. For these numerous reasons San Matteo can obviously not be considered separately from a high number of parallel experiences, not only in Upper Italy, but also in the rest of the Mediterranean area and especially it can not be seen as independent from the innovations of the Arab scholars. It becomes therefore inevitable to consider the addressed topics in a global and highly learned perspective.

On May 21st 2016, the sixth day of studies in honor of Franco Gavazzeni, promoted by Rosanna Paccanelli and by the children Giulia and Michele, took place in Bergamo, in the newly restored Salone Furietti of Angelo Mai Library. Since a happy coincidence has wanted that in those days was recurring the ninetieth birthday of one of Gavazzeni's dearest friends, Gianni Antonini, the soul of Ricciardi publishing house, spontaneously offered to the promoters of the initiative the theme of that day: the relationships between Ricciardi publishing house and Pavia philological school. A precious small book collects, thanks to the care of Sara Rosini, the results.

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Il saggio getta luce sul variegato rapporto fra la città di Casale e l’Università di Pavia quale luogo privilegiato di studi giuridici dell’élite monferrina nel corso del XIV e del XV secolo. Al rientro in patria, il bagaglio di nozioni apprese a Pavia consente a non pochi di costoro di aspirare alle massime cariche dello stato, tra le quali vi è quella di senatore presso il Senato di Monferrato e ad alcuni di ottenere anche l’incarico di presidente “senatus Montisferrati”. In questo modo, il saggio dà conto del circuito vitalissimo che intercorre fra il polo del Senato di Casale e quello di una scienza giuridica dotata di caratteristiche sue peculiari che non sembra fuor di luogo definire ‘casalese’.

A study was conducted on bricks sampled from the defense walls around the historic town of Pavia (northern Italy) erected during Roman (uncertain) and “Spanish”(sixteenth-seventeenth centuries) times. An analysis of colour, macro- and micro-chemical composition,mineralogical clusters and structural-textural features showed that similar raw materials were used in the manufacture of these bricks, although certain variations were identified: particle size is finer in Roman bricks, while the “Spanish” version contains ground carbonate and “chamotte” additives. The “Spanish” bricks,fired at lower temperatures, are more porous. The wide range of firing temperatures used to make “Spanish” bricks was very likely related to the intended use. The sporadic presence of maghemite is discussed in the context of the atmosphere prevailing in the kilns. The “Spanish” bricks are lighter in colour as a result of their carbonate content and lower firing temperature. These characteristics, which affect the weather resistance of the different types of brick, should be taken into account in restoration work.

This contribution is devoted to the tapestry cycle of the Battle of Pavia conserved at the Museo Capodimonte in Naples. Seven tapestries compose this prestigious tapestry set that commemorates the first military success of Charles V: the battle held in Pavia on 24 February 1525. Up to now the tapestries have been interpreted as independent panels representing different episodes of the battle. In this contribution we will show that the seven panels actually originated in one single design, which we rediscovered by assembling them in a different sequence. In fact, the panels provide a description of the battle in a fabulous and unique panoramic landscape: the most monumental siege city view ever conceived in the sixteenth century. This discovery not only changes our lecture of the tapestries, but also raises numerous questions that should be addressed in future studies.

Il saggio espone le fasi dell'affermazione di Pavia come capitale del regno goto e longobardo tra V e VIII secolo, soffermandosi sulle specificità della capitale in tale periodo, come la fondazione del palazzo regio e di edifici ecclesiastici regi, la continuità d'uso delle necropoli extra-urbiche tra tardo antico e alto medioevo e l'assenza nella capitale di sepolture dotate di corredo funerario.

La conquista definitiva di Pavia da parte dei Visconti giunse alla fine di una vicenda complessa e drammatica, che vide diversi attori giocare un ruolo sullo scenario territoriale pavese: gli eserciti e le flotte viscontee, le potenze territoriali vicine come i marchesi di Monferrato, l’élite dirigente della città e in particolare la famiglia Beccaria. Il saggio esamina tanto gli aspetti tecnico-militari quanto la dinamica politica che si sviluppa in città. Sotto il primo punto di vista, l’interesse si appunta dunque sul ‘blocco’ che strinse la città, isolandola, nell’estate del 1356, sulle fortificazioni da campo e sulla loro dislocazione, sul ruolo della flotta fluviale Nella seconda prospettiva, si illustrano i contraccolpi che le vicende dell’assedio ebbero sulla società pavese, impegnata nell’ultima disperata difesa dell’autonomia municipale, sostenuta dal frate agostiniano Iacopo Bussolari in funzione di predicatore ma anche di leader politico: emergono dunque i dissensi e i contrasti politici tra i cittadini, la loro mobilitazione in armi, ma anche il fuoruscitismo.

The definitive conquering of Pavia by the Viscontis occurred at the end of a complex and dramatic situation, that saw diverse actors play a role on the territorial scene of Pavia: the armies and fleets of the Viscontis, the territorial forces like the marquis from Montferrat, the élite management of the of the city and in particular the Beccaria family. The present essay scrutinises in depth the technical-military aspects as well as the political trends that were developed in the city. Under the first point of view, the interest is, therefore, focused on the ‘block’ that tightened the hold on the city, isolating the same, in the summer of 1356, on the battlefield fortifications and their dislocation, on the role of the fluvial fleets. In the second prospective, the counterblows that the events of the siege had on the community of Pavia, engaged in the last desperate defence for the autonomy of the city, sustained by the Augustinian friar Jacopo Bussolari as a preacher but also as a political leader: therefore, the political disagreements and contrasts emerged amongst the citizens, the mobilisation to arms but also the discharging.La conquista definitiva di Pavia da parte dei Visconti giunse alla fine di una vicenda complessa e drammatica, che vide diversi attori giocare un ruolo sullo scenario territoriale pavese: gli eserciti e le flotte viscontee, le potenze territoriali vicine come i marchesi di Monferrato, l’élite dirigente della città e in particolare la famiglia Beccaria. Il saggio esamina tanto gli aspetti tecnico-militari quanto la dinamica politica che si sviluppa in città. Sotto il primo punto di vista, l’interesse si appunta dunque sul ‘blocco’ che strinse la città, isolandola, nell’estate del 1356, sulle fortificazioni da campo e sulla loro dislocazione, sul ruolo della flotta fluviale Nella seconda prospettiva, si illustrano i contraccolpi che le vicende dell’assedio ebbero sulla società pavese, impegnata nell’ultima disperata difesa dell’autonomia municipale, sostenuta dal frate agostiniano Iacopo Bussolari in funzione di predicatore ma anche di leader politico: emergono dunque i dissensi e i contrasti politici tra i cittadini, la loro mobilitazione in armi, ma anche il fuoruscitismo.

The definitive conquering of Pavia by the Viscontis occurred at the end of a complex and dramatic situation, that saw diverse actors play a role on the territorial scene of Pavia: the armies and fleets of the Viscontis, the territorial forces like the marquis from Montferrat, the élite management of the of the city and in particular the Beccaria family. The present essay scrutinises in depth the technical-military aspects as well as the political trends that were developed in the city. Under the first point of view, the interest is, therefore, focused on the ‘block’ that tightened the hold on the city, isolating the same, in the summer of 1356, on the battlefield fortifications and their dislocation, on the role of the fluvial fleets. In the second prospective, the counterblows that the events of the siege had on the community of Pavia, engaged in the last desperate defence for the autonomy of the city, sustained by the Augustinian friar Jacopo Bussolari as a preacher but also as a political leader: therefore, the political disagreements and contrasts emerged amongst the citizens, the mobilisation to arms but also the discharging.