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Born in Kozan, Adana on July 15, 1899, Remzi Oğuz Arık was a Turkish intellectual who worked in a wide range of fields from archaeology and art history to cultural studies, philosophy and politics in his 55 years of life. Arık, who died on April 3, 1954 as a result of the explosion of the plane in which he was traveling from Adana to Ankara while he was the chairman of the Peasants’ Party of Turkey, which he founded, carried out many works for the cultural development of the society, especially in the last periods of his life.

Enerji sürdürülebilir ekonomik büyüme için vazgeçilmez bir kaynaktır. Bazı ülkeler enerji rezervleri açısından şanslıyken diğerleri enerji ithalatına bağımlıdır. Küreselleşme ile birlikte artan uluslararası ticaret faaliyetleri enerji ithalatında değişimlere neden olabilir. Çalışmada küreselleşmenin enerji ithalatı üzerindeki rolü, enerjiye olan bağımlılık derecesine ve gelişmişlik düzeyine göre sınıflandırılmış 69 ülkede 1991-2014 dönemi için panel veri yöntemleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları, gelişmiş ve enerji ithalatına minimal bağımlılık gösteren ülkelerde, küreselleşmenin enerji ithalatı üzerindeki etkisinin sınırlı kaldığını göstermektedir. Bu ülkeler enerji gereksinimlerini büyük oranda yerel ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları aracılığıyla temin etmektedirler, bu bağlamda rüzgar ve güneş enerjisi gibi alternatif enerji kaynaklarının kullanımına yönelmektedirler. Öte yandan, enerji bağımlılığı yüksek olan gelişmiş ülkelerde, küreselleşme enerji ithalatının artmasına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Gelişmekte olan ülkeler söz konusu olduğunda, küreselleşmenin enerji ithalatı üzerindeki etkisi belirgin değildir. Bu ülkeler enerji gereksinimlerini daha ziyade yerel kaynaklar üzerinden karşılamakta ve enerji talepleri nispeten daha düşük düzeylerde seyretmektedir.

Said Pasha was born in Diyarbakır in 1832 and grew up in an environment that was familiar with poetry. He served as governor in numerous provinces, wrote the nine-volume history book Miratü'l-iber, and was an Ottoman bureaucrat with exemplary morals. He died in 1891 while he was the governor of Mardin. His grave is located in that city. Said Pasha had two sons, both of whom are well known in Bursa and Turkey. His eldest son, Suleyman Nazif, served as Bursa's letter carrier (a kind of provincial editorial directorate) for years before the Republic, while his brother Faik Ali Ozansoy served as Mudanya district governor and Diyarbakır governor during the armistice years. Nazif, who served as governor in various provinces in a manner similar to his father, published poetry books including Firak-ı Iraq, Malta Nights, and Hidden Moans. Fâik Âli, on the other hand, was a poet, governor, and published poetry books, with some of his poems composed.

Category: Ankle; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: The proposed ideal alignment for the syndesmosis involves a line connecting the centroids of the fibula and tibia, but there is uncertainty about the optimal intraoperative method for determining the appropriate fixation angle. This is due to the fact that the AO guidelines do not account for patient or level-specific factors, and the determination of the angle relative to the coronal plane relies on the surgeon's judgment. Inexperienced trauma surgeons may encounter significant problems with syndesmotic malalignment as a result. The goal of this study was to validate the effectiveness of the angle bisector method using computed tomography and 3D-printed ankle models, in order to determine whether it can assist in achieving proper screw trajectory for syndesmotic fixation. Methods: The angle bisector method was utilized to identify a precise trajectory for the true syndesmotic axis, using the bisector of the angle formed by two lines tangential to the anterior and posterior fibula and tibia. CT validation was made on CT angiography of 50 consecutive patients. DICOM data from 16 ankles were used to create 3D anatomical models which were printed using a desktop FDM printer. Two trauma surgeons performed syndesmotic fixations using the angle bisector method at 2 cm and 3.5 cm proximal to the joint space, after identifying the bisector of the angle formed by two K-wires tangential to the anterior and posterior fibula and tibia. The axial sections of CTs and printed 3D-models were analyzed using software to determine the relationship between centroidal axis and the inserted screws. The measurements were made twice by two blinded observers, with a two-week interval. Results: The results of the study show that the angle bisector method provides a reliable direction with minimal differences at both the 2 cm and 3.5 cm levels. The average angle between the centroidal axis and screw trajectory was 2.4° ± 2° at the 2 cm level and 1.3° ± 1.5° at the 3.5 cm level. Furthermore, the average distance between the fibular entry points of the centroidal axis and screw trajectory was less than 1 mm at both levels, indicating that the angle bisector method can serve as an excellent entry point for syndesmotic fixation on the fibula. The inter- and intra-surgeon analyses showed excellent consistency, with all ICC values above 0.90. Similarly, inter- and intra-observer consistencies regarding the measurements were also excellent. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the angle bisector method was successful in identifying the original syndesmotic axis and aided in the precise placement of implants in the desired direction. The method has the potential to be replicated intraoperatively and could serve as a basis for the development of a novel surgical guide for determining the correct syndesmotic axis. However, safety analysis using cadavers should be conducted prior to clinical implementation.

Some individuals dedicate their lives to a single area of endeavour, while others pursue a multifaceted approach. Those who excel in their chosen fields often leave a positive legacy, influencing others through their work, ideas and students. Conversely, those who fail to achieve similar success may leave behind a legacy of negative associations due to envy, greed or personal interests. Those who follow in their footsteps often draw inspiration from their predecessors' deeds, evaluating them according to their own perspectives. Ahmet Cevdet Pasha is one of the individuals who occupied numerous roles during the Tanzimat period of the 19th century, leaving a legacy of positive contributions to the fields of science, thought, law, education, history, and politics.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can potentially infect female reproductive organs. In this study, we investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in cervicovaginal fluid. This study included 31 female patients aged 18–65 years. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was investigated by RT‒PCR in two separate cervicovaginal swab samples collected from patients 14 days apart. Viral RNA was extracted using Bio-Speedy ®vNAT® Viral Nucleic Acid Buffer (vNAT) solution, and SARS-CoV-2 RNA was analyzed using Bio-Speedy SARS-CoV-2 RT‒qPCR kits in a Bio-Rad CFX96 TouchTM device. First and second cervical swab samples were collected 14 days apart. The SARS-CoV-2 RNA result was negative in all 53 cervicovaginal swab samples collected. Negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA results in cervicovaginal swab samples indicate that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not sexually transmitted. However, the number of studies on this subject and the sample size examined are still insufficient for reaching this conclusion. [Med-Science 2022; 11(4.000): 1588-92]

It is well-known that the subject of the Mi'raj is a common theme in works of literature, particularly those of a historical and biographical nature. For centuries, thousands of works in verse and prose have been written in different parts of the world and in different languages about the Prophet and the love and devotion for him. This is one of the most profound and fertile subjects of religious mystical Turkish literature. A noteworthy contribution to the subject was also made by Safiye Hanim from Bursa.

Abstract In this paper, we define new higher order Kantorovich-type Szász–Mirakjan operators, we give some approximation properties of these operators in terms of various moduli of continuity. We prove a local approximation theorem, a Korovkin-type theorem, and a Voronovskaja-type theorem. We also prove weighted approximation theorems for these new operators.

Ahmet Remzi Akyürek, who was born hundred and fifty years ago in 1872 in Kayseri Mevlevi Lodge and died in the same city on November 6, 1944, is one of the important figures of our world of science and wisdom, prose and verse, books and libraries in the Tanzimat and Republican periods.

In this paper, we introduce new type of generalized Kantorovich variant of α-Bernstein operators and study their approximation properties. We obtain estimates of rate of convergence involving first and second order modulus of continuity and Lipschitz function are studied for these operators. Furthermore, we establish Voronovskaya type theorem of these operators. The last section is devoted to bivariate new type α-Bernstein-Kantorovich operators and their approximation behaviors. Also, some graphical illustrations and numerical results are provided.

Amaç: Retinol fetusta birçok organın gelişimi için gereklidir. Bu nedenle retinol eksikliği teratojenik etkilere neden olabilir. Bu çalışmada çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı bebeklerde retinol, retinol bağlayıcı protein (RBP) ve plasental retinol transfer hızı düzeyleri ile prematüre retinopatisi (ROP) arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma ocak-aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında prospektif kohort olarak yürütüldü. Çalışmaya ≤ 30 hafta ve ≤ 1500 gr doğan bebekler dahil edildi. Major anomalileri olan anne ve bebekler dahil edilmedi. Retinol ve RBP seviyeleri umblikal kord ve anne kanında çalışıldı. Plasental retinol transfer oranını hesaplandı. Retinol, RBP ve plasental transfer oranının karşılaştırması herhangi bir evre ROP (+) ve ROP (-) grupları arasında yapıldı. ROP tedavisi gerektiren hastalarda retinol, RBP durumu ve plasenta transfer oranının etkileri araştırıldı. Bulgular: Toplam 30 hastanın ROP incelemeleri tamamlandı. ROP olan ve olmayanların umblikal kord ve maternal retinol seviyeleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark görülmezken, plasental retinol transfer hızı ROP (+) grubunda anlamlı olarak daha düşüktü. Plasental retinol transfer hızı ile ROP evresi arasında negatif korelasyon vardı. ROP olanların alt grup analizinde, tedaviye ihtiyaç duyanların plasental retinol transfer oranının ROP olmayanlara göre daha düşük olduğu bulundu. Sonuç: Plasental retinol transfer hızı, prematüre bebeklerde tedavi gerektiren ROP için bir prediktif faktör olarak kullanılabilir. Ancak daha geniş katılımlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Advancements in deep learning and availability of medical imaging data have led to the use of CNN-based architectures in disease diagnostic assisted systems. In spite of the abundant use of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-based tests in COVID-19 diagnosis, CT images offer an applicable supplement with their high sensitivity rates. Here, we study the classification of COVID-19 pneumonia and non-COVID-19 pneumonia in chest CT scans using efficient deep learning methods to be readily implemented by any hospital. We report our deep network framework design that encompasses Convolutional Neural Networks and bidirectional Long Short Term Memory architectures. Our study achieved high specificity (COVID-19 pneumonia: 98.3%, non-COVID-19 pneumonia: 96.2% Healthy: 89.3%) and high sensitivity (COVID-19 pneumonia: 84.0%, non-COVID-19 pneumonia: 93.9% Healthy: 94.9%) in classifying COVID-19 pneumonia, non-COVID-19 pneumonia and healthy patients. Next, we provide visual explanations for the Convolutional Neural Network predictions with gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM). The results provided a model explainability by showing that Ground Glass Opacities, indicators of COVID-19 pneumonia disease, were captured by our convolutional neural network. Finally, we have implemented our approach in three hospitals proving its compatibility and efficiency.

Aim:To evaluate subclinical inflammatory markers in hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) cases and to determine the relationship of these markers with the gestational age at delivery and birth weight in pregnant women with HEG.Methods:Fifty-two patients who presented to our hospital between 1 May 2017 and 1 September 2019 with HEG and 60 pregnant women as the control group were included in this retrospectively designed study. The relationship of subclinical inflammatory markers such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) with HEG, and their relationship with birth week and birth weight in HEG cases were examined.Results:In HEG cases, NLR and PLR values were higher (p=0.006 and p=0.004, respectively), whereas LMR values were lower (p

Abstract We introduce a new modification of ( p , q ) $(p,q)$ -analogue of Szász–Mirakjan operators. Firstly, we give a recurrence relation for the moments of ( p , q ) $(p,q)$ -analogue of Szász–Mirakjan operators and present some explicit formulae for the moments and central moments up to order 4. Next, we obtain quantitative estimates for the convergence in the polynomial weighted spaces. In addition, we give the Voronovskaya theorem for the new ( p , q ) $(p,q)$ -Szász–Mirakjan operators.

Bu makalede “Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in Tesettüre Bakışı” konusu işlenmektedir. Makalenin amacı, Yüce Allah’ın (cc) bir emri olan tesettür hakkında Kur’ân merkezli bir analiz yapabilmek ve bu konuda güncel bir duyarlılık oluşturmaktır. Araştırmanın temel hipotezi, tesettürün Kur’ân’ın en önemli emirlerinden birisi olduğu, ancak bu konuda uygulamaya yönelik bazı aksaklıların yaşandığıdır. Bu hipotez, tesettür konusuna Kur’ân merkezli yaklaşmanın önemini de ortaya koymaktadır. Makalenin kapsamı, Kur’ân’da yer alan tesettürle doğrudan ilgili âyetlerle sınırlı tutulmaktadır. Araştırmanın yöntemi, literatür taramasına dayanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, sözü edilen âyetler ışığında Hz. Peygamber’in (s) hadisleri, tefsir külliyatında yer alan bilgiler ve yapılan diğer çalışmalar sentezlenerek değerlendirilmektedir. Makale, Giriş kısmını takip eden dört alt başlıktan meydana gelmektedir. Bu alt başlıklar şunlardır: i. Kavramsal Çerçeve. Bu başlık iki alt başlıktan oluşmaktadır. a. Tesettür Kelimesinin Etimolojik Yapısı. b. Kur’ân’da Tesettürle İlişkili Kavramlar. Bu başlık altında libâs, hımâr/humur, sevb/siyâb ve cilbâb/celâbîb kavramları ele alınmaktadır. ii. Kur’ân’da Tesettürle İlgili Âyetlerin Tahlili. Bu kapsamda, A‘râf Sûresi 26-27, Nûr Sûresi 30-31, 60, Ahzâb Sûresi 33 ve 59. âyetler araştırmaya konu olmaktadır. iii. Tesettüre Bürünmenin Amaçları. Bu doğrultuda tesettürün, takvâ elbisesine bürünmek, edep yerlerini gizlemek, süslenmek, şeytan ve taraftarlarının saldırılarına karşı tedbirli olmak, gözleri harama bakmaktan sakındırmak, namus ve iffeti korumak, ziyneti teşhir etmemek, Yüce Allah’ın emrine itaat etmek, tanınmak, sözlü ya da fiili tacize uğratılmamak, güzel görünmek, soğuktan ve sıcaktan korunmak gibi amaçları olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. iv. Tesettüre Uygun Elbisenin Taşıması Gereken Nitelikler. Tesettüre uygun elbisenin takvâya uygun olmak, temiz olmak, insanın vücudunu/tenini göstermeyecek şekilde kalın olmak, vücut hatlarını teşhir etmeyecek düzeyde geniş olmak, kadın elbisesi erkek kıyafetine, erkek kıyafeti de kadın elbisesine benzememekgibi nitelikler taşıması gerektiği anlaşılmaktadır.

Introduction:There is no regional study presenting the pediatric intoxication cases followed in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). As they show regional features, we aimed to present the pediatric intoxication cases followed in our PICU, and indicate our self-constituted protocol about the PICU admission rules in these patients.Methods:Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of patients who admitted with intoxication and followed in PICU between October 2015 and October 2017 were noted. PICU admission indications were evaluated.Results:Twenty-four (14%) of the 171 intoxication cases formed the study group. Fourteen (58.3%) were female. Ten cases (41.7%) were under 5 years old, 6 (20.8%) were 5-12 years and 8 (37.5%) were over 12 years. In first group, all intoxications were by accident. In second, intoxications were due to accident (n=3), during drug use in treatment dose (n=2) and as a result of child abuse (n=1). In last group, it was by accident in 2, but as a result of suicide in 6 cases. Active ingredients were; central nervous system drugs (n=9), plant (atropa belladona) (n=3), decongestant drugs (n=3), multiple drugs (n=4), intoxication by inhalation (n=1) and other drugs (n=4). Fifteen patients (62.5%) had clinical indications for PICU admission. In five (20.8%) the poison control center advised PICU admission. In four patients (16.7%) we decided PICU admission because of the fatal nature of the ingested drugs.Conclusion:Our results suggest that every clinic, by taking their availabilities into account, should form its own protocols for PICU admission for pediatric intoxication cases.

Objective Preterm babies are followed in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) for long times, so they need long-term vascular access. For long-term vascular access umbilical vein catheters, central venous catheters and peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) are used. In present study we aimed to evaluate the clinical features of newborn infants in whom PICC was inserted.Materials and Methods The medical records of the newborn infants in whom PICC had been inserted from June 2016 to June 2019 are evaluated retrospectively. Demographic features of the patients, reasons for PICC insertion, clinical features of the infants during PICC insertion, and complications of the application are recorded.Results The data of 151 PICC that were inserted in 129 newborn infants were collected. Antibiotic treatment was needed because of infections in 134 (88.7%) PICCs. In 72 (47.6%) of them sepsis was present before PICC insertion, and in 17 (11.2%) after PICC insertion. No statistical difference was found in terms of the frequency of occlusion, leak and/or thrombophlebitis between patients in whom PICCs were inserted via the upper body veins and lower body veins, and right veins and left veins (p gt;0.05). Conclusion Our results indicate that the PICC application significantly decreases the number of peripheral vascular access attempts in newborn infants, long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and antibiotic administration becomes possible and insertion from upper or lower extremity veins and right or left side veins does not affect the frequency of complications.

In the present study, reflected and diffracted fields of an inhomogeneous plane wave obliquely incident on the surface of a perfectly electric conducting (PEC) half plane are evaluated for a two-dimensional case asymptotically and reexamined by considering the different aspects. Obtained results are plotted by Matlab numerically. Relationships between the complex angle of incidence and field intensities, and phase shifts in the fields are noted. Matlab plots are interpreted and compared to the theory for consistence.

Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an important cause of infertility. In women with PCOS have increased rate of spontaneous abortion and reduced rate of conception. HOXA–10 and HOXA–11 are proteinous products of homeobox gene group and play an important role during implantation. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate endometrial receptivity by measuring HOXA–10, HOXA–11, and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) gene expressions in women with PCOS. Settings and Design: A tertiary referral center. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on reproductive age women with abnormal uterine bleeding without sonographically proven anatomical reason. Endometrial sampling procedures were done in proliferative phase using low-pressure endometrial suction device to exclude endometrial pathology. HOXA–10, HOXA–11, and LIF gene expressions were measured from endometrial sampling material. Blood sample was taken to measure serum estradiol level on the day of endometrial sampling. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 17 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Mann–Whitney U-test was used to compare the variables. Results: A total of 53 patients were included in this study. Study group consisted of 33 patients with PCOS. Gene expressions of HOXA–10, HOXA–11, and LIF were significantly lower in patients with PCOS (P < 0.05). Conclusions: This study results showed that in patients with PCOS have decreased gene expression of HOXA-10, HOXA-11, and LIF which might contribute PCOS-related infertility.

Son yıllarda siber suçun gittikçe büyüyen etkisi, siber tehditlerin üstesinden gelmek için dünya çapında istihbarat ve kanun uygulayıcı kurumlar ortaya çıkartmıştır. Tüm kurum ve kuruluşlar siber suçla en iyi şekilde nasıl mücadele edileceğini öğrenmeye çalışmaktadır. İnternet ağ teknolojilerinin gelişmesi ve genişlemesi ile siber saldırıları engellemek gittikçe zorlaşmaktadır. Ağdaki tehlikeli hedeflerin kapsamlı bir analizini oluşturmak için internette açık halde bulunan verileri toplayarak istihbarat elde etmek, istihbarat birimleri için önemli bir araç olarak hızla gelişmektedir. İnternetteki mevcut açık kaynakların miktarı hızla arttıkça, siber suçla mücadele gelişen açık kaynak istihbaratı yani OSINT yöntemleri çerçevesinde daha etkin olmaktadır. Buna bağlı olarak bilginin etkili ve verimli bir şekilde toplanması ve işlenmesi için gelişmiş yazılım araçları ve teknikleri daha da gelişmektedir. Bu çalışmada, OSINT kavramı siber saldırı tespiti için her açıdan ele alınmıştır. OSINT kavramını internet ortamında kamuya açık paylaşılan veriler üzerinden tarama, bulma, toplama, çıkarma, kullanma, doğrulama ve analiz yaparak elde etme amaçlı destek yöntemleri detaylandırılarak anlatılmıştır. Siber tehditlere karşı geliştiren araştırmalar için açık kaynak verilerinin kullanılmasına yönelik mevcut çabalar gözden geçirilmiş ve detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Bunlara ek olarak, siber suçlarla etkin mücadele için siber suç soruşturma çerçevesi önerilmiştir.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the aerobic conjunctival flora of neonates and the effects of delivery type on conjunctival flora development in neonates who were born with normal spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) or elective caesarean section (C/S) and who were not given prophylactic antibiotic eye drops after birth. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 95 healthy newborns. One day after the delivery, conjunctival samples were taken from newborns who were born with normal SVD or elective C/S, and not given prophylactic antibiotic eye drops after birth. Newborns with conjunctival hyperemia and discharge were excluded from study. Samples were plated in blood agar, EMB, and chocolate agar. These cultures were incubated at 37 °C for 24–48 h. Antibiotic sensitivity was evaluated using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) growth was observed in 7 (70%) and coagulase negative staphylococcus (CNS) growth in 2 (20%) out of 10 eyes with bacterial growth in 9 culture positive newborns born with C/S. Two S.aureus strains were resistant to methicillin. On the other hand, CNS growth was observed in the conjunctival cultures of 17 out of 19 eyes with bacterial growth in 16 culture positive newborns born with SVD. In 2 eyes with CNS growth, there was also S.aureus growth. The positive cultures for S.aureus were significantly higher in the conjunctival cultures of neonates born with C/S compared to neonates born with SVD, where CNS growth was significantly lower (P = 0.002). All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin, and gatifloxacin. Two isolates were resistant to methicillin. Conclusions: In deliveries with C/S, the newborn does not contact the vagina. This may result in changes of bacterial characteristic of the flora. Culture positivity for S.aureus was higher in C/S compared to SVD, which may be important in case neonatal conjunctivitis develops. Keywords: Newborn, Conjunctivitis, Conjunctival flora, Staphylococcus aureus

The aim of the study was to investigate knee cartilage thickness in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients using ultrasonography and to assess the effects of sex steroids on osteoarthritis development. A total of 90 female patients were enrolled in the study, including 47 patients diagnosed with PCOS as study group and 43 patients admitted to our hospital for any other complaints as control group. Ultrasonographic evaluation of both knees was performed in all patients. The knee cartilage thickness was measured at lateral condyle, intercondylar area and medial condyle. The measurements were averaged for each region. The mean femoral cartilage thickness was greater in the study group compared with control group in all regions, with a statistically significant difference (p

Aim: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a frequent health problem in premature infants. Pharmacologic closure is recommended only for hemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA) that is defined according to the clinical and echocardiographic criteria. The aim of this study was to explore the value of commonly used criteria in defining hsPDA and predicting the required number of courses of ibuprofen treatment to close PDA in premature infants. Methods: Sixty premature infants with a gestational age of ≤33 weeks were evaluated prospectively. Clinical and echocardiographic criteria [O2 requirement, ductus diameter (DD) and left atrial-to-aortic root diameter ratio (LA:Ao)] were used to define hsPDA. Clinical improvement after pharmacologic closure of PDA and association between the criteria and required number of ibuprofen courses were investigated. Results: O2 requirement decreased by PDA closure but was not different between patients with hsPDA and the others with PDA. Also, O2 requirement was not found to be associated with required number of ibuprofen courses. DD and LA:Ao were greater in patients with hsPDA. DD was found to be associated with required number of courses of ibuprofen treatment. Conclusion: Although there was an improvement in O2 requirement with PDA closure, echocardiographic criteria were found to be more valuable in defining hsPDA. DD should also be used to estimate the duration of treatment.

Purpose: To investigate the possible relationship between rotator cuff tendon pathologies detected with magnetic resonance imaging and obesity and chronic diseases. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and sixty seven patients, who underwent shoulder MRI between 2014 January and October 2014 for pain and limitation of motion in the shoulder, were reviewed retrospectively. Tendon pathology was detected in 153 patients and they were included in the study. Tendon pathologies were examined by two radiologists. Tendon pathologies were divided into 3 groups including tendinosis, partially rupture and full thickness rupture. Body mass index (BMI) values were calculated for all patients. The study group were divided into two groups as BMI

Bu araştırmanın, iki amacı vardır. İlki, belediyelerin sanal mezarlıkları olarak işlev gören ölüm ilanlarının sosyal kimliğin ifşasında kullanılan bir araç olup olmadığının belirlenmesidir. İkincisi, farklı siyasal söyleme sahip belediyeler arasında sosyal kimliğin ifşası konusunda farklılık olup olmadığının ortaya konmasıdır. Araştırma, Türkiye’deki 51 il belediyesini kapsamaktadır. Büyükşehir belediyeleri ise araştırmanın sınırlarını oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verilerinin elde edilmesinde doküman incelemesi yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. MAXQDA11 yazılım programı vasıtasıyla seçilen belediyelerin internet sayfalarından derlenen ölüm ilanlarının içerik analizleri yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, belediyelerin sanal mezarlıklarında yayımlanan ölüm ilanlarının kısmen de olsa sosyal kimliğin ifşasında kullanılan bir araç olduğu ve farklı siyasal söylemlere sahip belediyelerin ölüm ilanları arasında sosyal kimliğin ifşası bakımından anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı görülmüştür.

Although the in vitro fertilization-intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI) has been utilized widely, the management in patients with an autoimmune disease is still a challenge. The aim of this study was to demonstrate IVF-ICSI outcomes in infertile women with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Patient data were collected from the cases registered from January 2006 until January 2014. A total of 6152 assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles were analyzed retrospectively in the Ankara Zekai Tahir Burak Women’s Health Education and Research Hospital. Ten infertile women with FMF were included in the study. Baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics were collected and perinatal outcomes evaluated. The mean age (years), duration of infertility (years) and body mass index (kg/m2) were 29.9±5.3, 5.7±5.3 and 27.9±5.7, respectively. The mean baseline follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH; IU/L), estradiol (E2; pg/mL) and antral follicle count were 7.0±2.4, 48.1±15.8 and 7.9±2.9, respectively. The distribution of ovarian response was heterogeneous. Fourteen cycles in ten patients were evaluated. Embryo transfer could be achieved in only ten cycles. Three out of ten patients became pregnant. No adverse perinatal outcome was observed. Our findings indicate that FMF might have no impact on ART cycles.

Neonatal thromboembolic events are rare, and only a few cases of intrauterine spontaneous arterial thromboembolisms have been reported in the literature. Thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator is usually the preferred treatment because it has a short half-life, fewer systemic side effects, and a strong, specific affinity for fibrin. Protocols vary from center to center, but there is still no consensus regarding the proper dosage or treatment duration. Herein, we present the case of an intrauterine spontaneous arterial thromboembolism in a preterm infant that completely resolved after being treated with low-dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (0.02 mg/kg/h).

Amaç: Manyetik rezonans (MR) görüntüleme kullanarak menapoz sonrası hormon tedavisi ile bel omurgasında oluşan fizyolojik değişiklikleri incelemekGereç ve Yöntem: Menopoz sonrası 110 kadın hastaya kemik mineral yoğunluğu (KMY) ölçümü ve standart lomber MRG tetkiki yapıldı. Hastalar KMY ölçümüne göre normal, osteopeni ve osteoporoz olarak guruplara ayırıldı. Ayrıca bu hastalar hormon tedavisi alan ve hormon tedavisi almayan olarak da iki gruba ayırıldı. Lomber MR tetkikinde orta sagital düzlemde T1 ve T2 ağırlıklı sekanslardan her lomber vertebranın merkezine ilgili alan birimi (ROI) yerleştirilerek sinyal değerleri ölçüldü ve ortalamaları hesaplandı. Lomber MR verilerinden elde edilen ortalama sinyal değerleri ile yaş ve KMY değerleri Pearson korelasyon katsayısı kullanılarak incelendi.Bulgular: Tüm menapoz sonrası ve hormon tedavisi almayan olgularda lomber vertebra MR sinyal değerleri ile KMY değerleri arasında korelasyon bulunmamıştır. Ancak hormon tedavisi alan menapoz sonrası kadınlarda minimal korelasyon saptanmıştır. KMY değerleri ile yaş arasında negatif korelasyon varken T1 ve T2 ağırlıklı sinyal değerlerinin yaş ile ilişkili olmadığı bulunmuştur.Sonuç: Bel omurlarının merkezinin daha fazla vasküler yapı içermesi nedeniyle HRT alanların osteoporozdan daha geç ve az etkilendiği düşünülmüştür. Bu çalışma, hormon tedavisinin menapoz sonrasında kompresyon kırıklarından koruyabileceğini gösterebilir.

PURPOSEWe aimed to investigate the effectiveness and complications of transthoracic CT-guided biopsy techniques.METHODSA total of 94 CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic biopsy procedures performed in 85 patients were retrospectively evaluated. Core biopsy technique was used in 87 procedures and transthoracic fine-needle aspiration biopsy was used in seven procedures.RESULTSDiagnostic results were achieved in 79 of 94 biopsy procedures. Pathology results were malignant in 54 patients, suspicious for malignancy in three patients, benign in five patients, and benign nonspecific in 17 patients. Specific diagnoses were obtained in 59 patients (62.8%) using core biopsy, but no specific diagnosis could be reached with transthoracic fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Complications included pneumothorax in 27 patients (28.7%) and parenchymal hemorrhage during and after the procedure in eight patients (8.5%). CONCLUSIONSCT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy is a highly accurate procedure for histopathological diagnosis of thoracic masses. In addition, percutaneous transthoracic biopsy has an acceptably low complication rate and it reduces the need for more invasive surgical procedures.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with inflammation by comparing serum levels of human chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR). This case control study included 29 pregnant women with GDM and 29 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance matched for age (±2 years) and pre-pregnancy body mass index (±2 kg/m2). The YKL-40/CHI3L1 levels were measured, and NLR and PLR investigated. There were no statistically significant differences in maternal age, gestational age, gravidity and parity. Higher YKL-40 levels were recorded in pregnant women with GDM compared to control subjects (203 (65-300) ng/mL vs. 159.2 (14-290) ng/mL, p=0.007). NLR and PLR were significantly higher in GDM compared with control group. In conclusion, GDM is associated with high levels of YKL-40, NLR and PLR, which indicate inflammatory status.

Objective:To measure the effect of localization of septal deviation on the success of septoplasty using the-Nose Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale in patients undergoing septoplasty and endoscopic reduction of inferior turbinates.Methods:Patients who attended Oltu Goverment Hospital ENT clinic with nasal septal deviation between March 2011 and June 2012 were included in this study. Patients who had paranasal sinus problems other than concha hypertrophy and revision cases were excluded from this study. Septal deviation was classified according to the position of the internal nasal valve as anterior, posterior or anteroposterior. All patients were examined with nasal endoscopy before and after operation and received a preoperative paranasal tomography scan. The effect of septal deviation on quality of life was evaluated using the NOSE scale preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. All patients had endoscopic septoplasty and inferior concha reduction under general anaesthesia.Results:Ninety-seven (40 female, 57 male) patients underwent endoscopic septoplasty and concha reduction between 2011 and 2012 in Oltu Government hospital. The mean age was 29.8 years. Anterior deviation was 45, posterior deviation was 33, and anteroposterior deviation was 19. Patients with anterior deviation had a mean NOSE scale of 78.2 preoperatively and 5.8 postoperatively. Patients with posterior deviation had a mean NOSE scale of 79.2 preoperatively and 15.4 postoperatively. Patients with anteroposterior deviation had a mean NOSE scale of 82.4 preoperatively and 22.5 postoperatively (p

Background: This study assessed the relationship between endometrial thickness on day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration and in vitro fertilizationintracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI). Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included a total of 593 women. Patients were treated with either the agonist or antagonist protocol according to the clinician’s and patient’s preference. Endometrial thickness on the hCG day was measured by transvaginal ultrasonography (TV-USG). Patients were divided into four groups according to endometrial lines, as follows: 14 mm (group 4). Results: Implantation rate (IR), clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), and ongoing pregnancy rate (OPR) were significantly lower in group 1 than the other three groups (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference among groups 2, 3 and 4. Although the endometrial line in the agonist protocol was higher than in the antagonist protocol, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The chance of pregnancy appears to be lower in individuals with endometrial thickness less than 7 mm compared with those of higher value.

Background: Estradiol (E2) is required for follicular development and play an important role in embryo implantation. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of serum E2 levels on the day of hCG administration in IVF-ICSI patients who are performed controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH).Materials and Methods: A total of 203 women who were undergone one time IVF cyclus were evaluated in this cross sectional study. All the patients were treated either with long protocol or with microdose flare protocol. The patients were categorized into five groups according to the serum E2 levels on the day of hCG administration.Results: The mean number of the retrieved oocytes was (NRO) 10.6±6.7, mean fertilization rate was 55.7±24.8, and implantation rate was 9.0±19.2. Of 203 patients, 43 (21%) patients were pregnant. When the overall results are examined, the number of the retrieved oocytes and the number of transferred embryos were better in patients with serum E2 levels >4000 pg/ml and these values were statistically significant. There were no statistical difference in patients 37 years or older. In women ≤36 years old, the IVF-ICSI outcomes were better in patients with serum E2 levels >4000 pg/ml.Conclusion: In spite of the lack of high quality evidence to support a positive association between serum E2 levels and IVF-ICSI outcomes, this study shows that high E2 levels during COH might be associated with an increased potential of pregnancy depending on better ovarian response. When the overall results are examined, the best scores were in patients with serum E2 levels >4000 pg/ml.

Aim: We aimed to compare the clinical results and effectiveness of two gonadothropin treatment protocols; HP-uFSH and rFSH in poor responders. Materials and Methods: While HP-uFSH was given to 58 patients, rFSH was given to 62 patients. The patientselection criteria were the same (FSH value > 15 iu/l or antral follicle number < 4, on the second day of menstruation). Results: Endometrial thickness on hCG day (mm) was 9.0 ± 2.7 and 7.8 ± 2.7 in HP-uFSH group and rFSH group, respectively and this difference was statistically significant. Contrarily, fertilization rate (%) was better in rFSH than HP-uFSH (76.6 ± 15.9 vs. 68.2 ± 17.8) and this value was also statistically significant. Percentage of cancelled cycles (%) was 14 ± 34 in HP-uFSH group and this parameter was significantly lower than rFSH group (29 ± 45). Conclusion: rFSH is as efficacious as HP-uFSH in poor responders. Fertilization rate was better in rFSH than HP-uFSH. Since rFSH is more expensive, the final treatment cost with rFSH to obtain a pregnancy was slightly higher, but this difference was not statistically significant (20060 TL vs. 17150 TL).

A Rare Etiology of Acute Abdomen Syndrome: Perforation of The Small Intestinal Lymphoma Akut Batın Sendromunun Nadir Bir Etyolojisi: İnce Barsak Lenfoma Perforasyonu Fatih Altıntoprak, Enis Dikicier, Yusuf Yürümez, Osman Nuri Dilek

Amaç: Bu çalışmada karaciğer kitlelerinin saptanmasında çok hızlı sensitivity encoding (SENSE) T2 ağırlıklı (T2A), turbo spin eko (TSE) T2A ve T1 ağırlıklı (T1A), manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) sekanslarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmaktadır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bilinen karaciğer kitlesi olan veya yeni tespit edilen toplam 30 hasta çalışmamıza dahil edildi. Tüm hastalara solunum tetiklemeli SENSE T2A, yağ baskılı, selective presaturation invertion recovery (SPIR) SENSE T2A, nefes tutmalı TSE T2A ve nefes tutmalı dinamik kontrastlı 3 boyutlu (3B) T1 fast field echo (FFE) sekansları uygulandı. Saptanan kitlelerin, sayı, boyut, kenar ve sinyal özellikleri değerlendirilip buna göre gruplar oluşturuldu. T2A sekanslarda lezyonlar kenar özelliklerine göre silik ve keskin konturlu, sinyal özelliklerine göre ise hafif, orta ve belirgin hiperintens olarak gruplara ayrıldı. T2A sekanslarda elde edilen lezyon sayıları, T1A sekanslarda elde edilen lezyon sayıları ile karşılaştırıldı. Ayrıca T2A sekanslar arasında lezyon sayı ve boyutları açısından karşılaştırma yapıldı.Bulgular: Çalışmamızda yağ baskılı SENSE T2A (SPIR SENSE) sekansta lezyon sayısı en fazla bulundu. Ancak lezyon saptama duyarlılığı açısından istatistiksel olarak T2A sekanslar ile T1A sekanslar arasında anlamlı fark bulunmadı. SPIR SENSE T2A, SENSE T2A ve TSE T2A sekansları arasında lezyon boyutu açısından anlamlı istatistiksel fark bulunmadı. Kontur ve sinyal özelliklerine göre yapılan karşılaştırmada T2A sekanslar arasında istatistiksel fark saptanmadı.Sonuç: SENSE T2A çok hızlı sekanslar, özellikle yağ baskılama ile birlikte kullanıldıklarında, karaciğer lezyonlarını saptamada, TSE T2A sekans kadar duyarlıdır. Çok hızlı SENSE T2A sekanslar, TSE T2A sekansların yerine karaciğer görüntülenmesinde kullanılabilecek güvenilir sekanslardır.

Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is a noninvasive technique for evaluating the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts and the pancreatic duct. In the diagnosis pancreatic and bile ducts disorders, MRCP is a much less invasive investigation and does not require contrast material to be administered into the ductal system when compared to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

Aim: We aimed to compare the clinical results and effectiveness of two gonadothropin treatment protocols; HP-uFSH and rFSH in poor responders. Materials and Methods: While HP-uFSH was given to 58 patients, rFSH was given to 62 patients. The patientselection criteria were the same (FSH value > 15 iu/l or antral follicle number < 4, on the second day of menstruation). Results: Endometrial thickness on hCG day (mm) was 9.0 ± 2.7 and 7.8 ± 2.7 in HP-uFSH group and rFSH group, respectively and this difference was statistically significant. Contrarily, fertilization rate (%) was better in rFSH than HP-uFSH (76.6 ± 15.9 vs. 68.2 ± 17.8) and this value was also statistically significant. Percentage of cancelled cycles (%) was 14 ± 34 in HP-uFSH group and this parameter was significantly lower than rFSH group (29 ± 45). Conclusion: rFSH is as efficacious as HP-uFSH in poor responders. Fertilization rate was better in rFSH than HP-uFSH. Since rFSH is more expensive, the final treatment cost with rFSH to obtain a pregnancy was slightly higher, but this difference was not statistically significant (20060 TL vs. 17150 TL).

Aim: We aimed to compare the clinical results and effectiveness of two gonadothropin treatment protocols; HP-uFSH and rFSH in poor responders. Materials and Methods: While HP-uFSH was given to 58 patients, rFSH was given to 62 patients. The patientselection criteria were the same (FSH value > 15 iu/l or antral follicle number < 4, on the second day of menstruation). Results: Endometrial thickness on hCG day (mm) was 9.0 ± 2.7 and 7.8 ± 2.7 in HP-uFSH group and rFSH group, respectively and this difference was statistically significant. Contrarily, fertilization rate (%) was better in rFSH than HP-uFSH (76.6 ± 15.9 vs. 68.2 ± 17.8) and this value was also statistically significant. Percentage of cancelled cycles (%) was 14 ± 34 in HP-uFSH group and this parameter was significantly lower than rFSH group (29 ± 45). Conclusion: rFSH is as efficacious as HP-uFSH in poor responders. Fertilization rate was better in rFSH than HP-uFSH. Since rFSH is more expensive, the final treatment cost with rFSH to obtain a pregnancy was slightly higher, but this difference was not statistically significant (20060 TL vs. 17150 TL).

Although the basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignancy of skin, it is rarely seen in vulva and constitutes 2% to 4% of all vulvar cancers. The cause is unknown but, chronic vulvar irritation is the most important underlying factor. The patients over 60 years are affected more frequently than younger ones.

Skrotal benign mezenkimal tümörler nadirdir. 60 yaşında olan olgumuz, skrotumda ele gelen kitle ile bölümümüze başvurdu. Manyetik rezonans görüntüleme ve ultrasonografi bulguları ile skrotal lipom tanısı konuldu. Olgunun görüntüleme bulgularını ve konu ile ilgili literatürün gözden geçirilmesini sunuyoruz.