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Abstract In this paper we explore the use of income inequality metrics such as Gini or Palma coefficients as a tool to identify anomalies via capsule networks. We demonstrate how the interplay between primary and class capsules gives rise to differences in behavior regarding anomalous and normal input which can be exploited to detect anomalies. Our setup for anomaly detection requires supervision in a form of known outliers. We derive several criteria for capsule networks and apply them to a number of Computer Vision benchmark datasets (MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, Kuzushiji-MNIST and CIFAR10), as well as to the dataset of skin lesion images (HAM10000) and the dataset of CRISPR-Cas9 off-target pairs. The proposed methods outperform the competitors in the majority of considered cases.

The conversion of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) into advanced functional materials offers a promising route for producing unique nanomaterials. MOF-derived systems have the potential to overcome the drawbacks of MOFs, such as low electrical conductivity and poor structural stability, which have hindered their real-world applications in certain cases. In this study, laser scribing was used for pyrolysis of a Cu-based MOF ([Cu4{1,4-C6H4(COO)2}3(4,4′-bipy)2]n) to synthesize a Cu-CuO@C composite on the surface of a screen-printed electrode (SPE). Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used for the investigation of the morphology and composition of the fabricated electrodes. The electrochemical properties of Cu-CuO@C/SPE were studied by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The proposed flexible electrochemical Cu-CuO@C/SPE sensor for the simultaneous detection of hydroquinone and catechol exhibited good sensitivity, broad linear range (1–500 μM), and low limits of detection (0.39 μM for HQ and 0.056 μM for CT).

Theban tomb no. 190 is one of the scant historical sources bearing evidence of several generations of a Theban priestly dynasty living in the 4th and 3rd centuries BC. Presumably, the tomb’s owner Nesbanebdjed(et) performed his duties in the Karnak Temple of Khonsu under Nectanebo II. The present publication provides an improved copy of the hieroglyphic inscriptions in TT 190 and discusses the obvious relevance of identifying people with similar names known from the monuments as Nesbanebdjed(et)’s relatives. A list of the personal names is supplied. The statues Cairo JE 37075, JE 36579 and the stelae Budapest MBA 51.1928, Prague MN P 1636 are also discussed, but the stela from Budapest was not considered as a monument belonging to the members of the family in question.

The article presents a newly commented translation of the hieroglyphic inscription on the statue of Ptolemy II Philadelphos from Bubastis, created several years after a countrywide Egyptian cult dedicated to Arsinoe II had been established. A new interpretation of the text provides evidence for Ptolemy II erecting an additional statue in honor of his deceased sister, and adds one more spelling of Arsinoe’s name based on the wordplay ‘Arsinoe = his sister’ to the already known variants. A victorious military journey to the coastal settlements of Asian countries at the beginning of the Second Syrian War (259-257 BCE), accordingly provides an opportunity to reconsider and improve the current reconstruction of the military activities. The historical source under discussion along with the papyri from Zenon’s archive and other Egyptian documents dating to the same period not only show quite clearly that Ptolemy himself took part in that campaign, but also enables the correct dating of the end of the war to the spring of 257 BCE.

Nanocomposite membranes have been actively developed in the last decade. The involvement of nanostructures can improve the permeability, selectivity, and anti-fouling properties of a membrane for improved filtration processes. In this work, we propose a novel type of ion-selective Glass/Au composite membrane based on porous glass (PG), which combines the advantages of porous media and promising selective properties. The latter are achieved by depositing gold nanoparticles into the membrane pores by the laser-induced liquid phase chemical deposition technique. Inside the pores, gold nanoparticles with an average diameter 25 nm were formed, which was confirmed by optical and microscopic studies. To study the transport and selective properties of the PG/Au composite membrane, the potentiometric method was applied. The uniform potential model was used to determine the surface charge from the experimental data. It was found that the formation of gold nanoparticles inside membrane pores leads to an increase in the surface charge from −2.75 mC/m2 to −5.42 mC/m2. The methods proposed in this work allow the creation of a whole family of composite materials based on porous glasses. In this case, conceptually, the synthesis of these materials will differ only in the selection of initial precursors.