19 results on '"MARTA NOVO"'
Search Results
2. Turner Syndrome and Attention-Deficit with Hyperactivity Disorder in a Pediatric Population
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Tânia B Cavaco, Marta Novo, Sara Soares, Inês Vaz Matos, Diana Gonzaga, Leonilde Machado, Teresa Borges, and Catarina Prior
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Child ,Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ,Turner Syndrome ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Published
- 2024
3. Transcriptome analysis of aphids exposed to glandular trichomes in tomato reveals stress and starvation related responses
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Rosario Planelló, Lola Llorente, Óscar Herrero, Marta Novo, Lidia Blanco-Sánchez, Juan Antonio Díaz-Pendón, Rafael Fernández-Muñoz, Victoria Ferrero, and Eduardo de la Peña
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Understanding the responses of insect herbivores to plant chemical defences is pivotal for the management of crops and pests. However, the mechanisms of interaction are not entirely understood. In this study, we compared the whole transcriptome gene expression of the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae grown on two different varieties of tomato that differ in their inducible chemical defences. We used two isogenic lines of tomato with a shared genetic background that only differ in the presence of type IV glandular trichomes and their associated acylsucrose excretions. This works also reports a de novo transcriptome of the aphid M. euphorbiae. Subsequently, we identified a unique and distinct gene expression profile for the first time corresponding to aphid´s exposure to type IV glandular trichomes and acylsugars. The analysis of the aphid transcriptome shows that tomato glandular trichomes and their associated secretions are highly efficient in triggering stress-related responses in the aphid, and demonstrating that their role in plant defence goes beyond the physical impediment of herbivore activity. Some of the differentially expressed genes were associated with carbohydrate, lipid and xenobiotic metabolisms, immune system, oxidative stress response and hormone biosynthesis pathways. Also, the observed responses are compatible with a starvation syndrome. The transcriptome analysis puts forward a wide range of genes involved in the synthesis and regulation of detoxification enzymes that reveal important underlying mechanisms in the interaction of the aphid with its host plant and provides a valuable genomic resource for future study of biological processes at the molecular level using this aphid.
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- 2022
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4. Global data on earthworm abundance, biomass, diversity and corresponding environmental properties
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Helen R. P. Phillips, Elizabeth M. Bach, Marie L. C. Bartz, Joanne M. Bennett, Rémy Beugnon, Maria J. I. Briones, George G. Brown, Olga Ferlian, Konstantin B. Gongalsky, Carlos A. Guerra, Birgitta König-Ries, Julia J. Krebs, Alberto Orgiazzi, Kelly S. Ramirez, David J. Russell, Benjamin Schwarz, Diana H. Wall, Ulrich Brose, Thibaud Decaëns, Patrick Lavelle, Michel Loreau, Jérôme Mathieu, Christian Mulder, Wim H. van der Putten, Matthias C. Rillig, Madhav P. Thakur, Franciska T. de Vries, David A. Wardle, Christian Ammer, Sabine Ammer, Miwa Arai, Fredrick O. Ayuke, Geoff H. Baker, Dilmar Baretta, Dietmar Barkusky, Robin Beauséjour, Jose C. Bedano, Klaus Birkhofer, Eric Blanchart, Bernd Blossey, Thomas Bolger, Robert L. Bradley, Michel Brossard, James C. Burtis, Yvan Capowiez, Timothy R. Cavagnaro, Amy Choi, Julia Clause, Daniel Cluzeau, Anja Coors, Felicity V. Crotty, Jasmine M. Crumsey, Andrea Dávalos, Darío J. Díaz Cosín, Annise M. Dobson, Anahí Domínguez, Andrés Esteban Duhour, Nick van Eekeren, Christoph Emmerling, Liliana B. Falco, Rosa Fernández, Steven J. Fonte, Carlos Fragoso, André L. C. Franco, Abegail Fusilero, Anna P. Geraskina, Shaieste Gholami, Grizelle González, Michael J. Gundale, Mónica Gutiérrez López, Branimir K. Hackenberger, Davorka K. Hackenberger, Luis M. Hernández, Jeff R. Hirth, Takuo Hishi, Andrew R. Holdsworth, Martin Holmstrup, Kristine N. Hopfensperger, Esperanza Huerta Lwanga, Veikko Huhta, Tunsisa T. Hurisso, Basil V. Iannone, Madalina Iordache, Ulrich Irmler, Mari Ivask, Juan B. Jesús, Jodi L. Johnson-Maynard, Monika Joschko, Nobuhiro Kaneko, Radoslava Kanianska, Aidan M. Keith, Maria L. Kernecker, Armand W. Koné, Yahya Kooch, Sanna T. Kukkonen, H. Lalthanzara, Daniel R. Lammel, Iurii M. Lebedev, Edith Le Cadre, Noa K. Lincoln, Danilo López-Hernández, Scott R. Loss, Raphael Marichal, Radim Matula, Yukio Minamiya, Jan Hendrik Moos, Gerardo Moreno, Alejandro Morón-Ríos, Hasegawa Motohiro, Bart Muys, Johan Neirynck, Lindsey Norgrove, Marta Novo, Visa Nuutinen, Victoria Nuzzo, P. Mujeeb Rahman, Johan Pansu, Shishir Paudel, Guénola Pérès, Lorenzo Pérez-Camacho, Jean-François Ponge, Jörg Prietzel, Irina B. Rapoport, Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid, Salvador Rebollo, Miguel Á. Rodríguez, Alexander M. Roth, Guillaume X. Rousseau, Anna Rozen, Ehsan Sayad, Loes van Schaik, Bryant Scharenbroch, Michael Schirrmann, Olaf Schmidt, Boris Schröder, Julia Seeber, Maxim P. Shashkov, Jaswinder Singh, Sandy M. Smith, Michael Steinwandter, Katalin Szlavecz, José Antonio Talavera, Dolores Trigo, Jiro Tsukamoto, Sheila Uribe-López, Anne W. de Valença, Iñigo Virto, Adrian A. Wackett, Matthew W. Warren, Emily R. Webster, Nathaniel H. Wehr, Joann K. Whalen, Michael B. Wironen, Volkmar Wolters, Pengfei Wu, Irina V. Zenkova, Weixin Zhang, Erin K. Cameron, and Nico Eisenhauer
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Science - Abstract
Measurement(s) earthworm communities • Abundance • organic material • Diversity • environmental properties Technology Type(s) digital curation Factor Type(s) location Sample Characteristic - Organism Lumbricina Sample Characteristic - Environment soil Sample Characteristic - Location global Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13399118
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- 2021
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5. Understanding Diversity, Evolution, and Structure of Small Heat Shock Proteins in Annelida Through in Silico Analyses
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Mercedes de la Fuente and Marta Novo
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stress physiology ,small heat shock proteins ,molecular evolution ,α crystallin domain (ACD) ,dimeric architecture ,earthworms ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHsps) are oligomeric stress proteins characterized by an α-crystallin domain (ACD). These proteins are localized in different subcellular compartments and play critical roles in the stress physiology of tissues, organs, and whole multicellular eukaryotes. They are ubiquitous proteins found in all living organisms, from bacteria to mammals, but they have never been studied in annelids. Here, a data set of 23 species spanning the annelid tree of life, including mostly transcriptomes but also two genomes, was interrogated and 228 novel putative sHsps were identified and manually curated. The analysis revealed very high protein diversity and showed that a significant number of sHsps have a particular dimeric architecture consisting of two tandemly repeated ACDs. The phylogenetic analysis distinguished three main clusters, two of them containing both monomeric sHsps, and ACDs located downstream in the dimeric sHsps, and the other one comprising the upstream ACDs from those dimeric forms. Our results support an evolutionary history of these proteins based on duplication events prior to the Spiralia split. Monomeric sHsps 76) were further divided into five subclusters. Physicochemical properties, subcellular location predictions, and sequence conservation analyses provided insights into the differentiating elements of these putative functional groups. Strikingly, three of those subclusters included sHsps with features typical of metazoans, while the other two presented characteristics resembling non-metazoan proteins. This study provides a solid background for further research on the diversity, evolution, and function in the family of the sHsps. The characterized annelid sHsps are disclosed as essential for improving our understanding of this important family of proteins and their pleotropic functions. The features and the great diversity of annelid sHsps position them as potential powerful molecular biomarkers of environmental stress for acting as prognostic tool in a diverse range of environments.
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- 2022
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6. Perspectives in Earthworm Molecular Phylogeny: Recent Advances in Lumbricoidea and Standing Questions
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Daniel Fernández Marchán, Thibaud Decaëns, Jorge Domínguez, and Marta Novo
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molecular phylogenetics ,earthworms ,systematics ,Lumbricidae ,Hormogastridae ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Earthworm systematics have been limited by the small number of taxonomically informative morphological characters and high levels of homoplasy in this group. However, molecular phylogenetic techniques have yielded significant improvements in earthworm taxonomy in the last 15 years. Several different approaches based on the use of different molecular markers, sequencing techniques, and compromises between specimen/taxon coverage and phylogenetic information have recently emerged (DNA barcoding, multigene phylogenetics, mitochondrial genome analysis, transcriptome analysis, targeted enrichment methods, and reduced representation techniques), providing solutions to different evolutionary questions regarding European earthworms. Molecular phylogenetics have led to significant advances being made in Lumbricidae systematics, such as the redefinition or discovery of new genera (Galiciandrilus, Compostelandrilus, Vindoboscolex, Castellodrilus), delimitation and revision of previously existing genera (Kritodrilus, Eophila, Zophoscolex, Bimastos), and changes to the status of subspecific taxa (such as the Allolobophorachaetophora complex). These approaches have enabled the identification of problems that can be resolved by molecular phylogenetics, including the revision of Aporrectodea, Allolobophora, Helodrilus, and Dendrobaena, as well as the examination of small taxa such as Perelia, Eumenescolex, and Iberoscolex. Similar advances have been made with the family Hormogastridae, in which integrative systematics have contributed to the description of several new species, including the delimitation of (formerly) cryptic species. At the family level, integrative systematics have provided a new genus system that better reflects the diversity and biogeography of these earthworms, and phylogenetic comparative methods provide insight into earthworm macroevolution. Despite these achievements, further research should be performed on the Tyrrhenian cryptic complexes, which are of special eco-evolutionary interest. These examples highlight the potential value of applying molecular phylogenetic techniques to other earthworm families, which are very diverse and occupy different terrestrial habitats across the world. The systematic implementation of such approaches should be encouraged among the different expert groups worldwide, with emphasis on collaboration and cooperation.
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- 2022
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7. The Sex-Specific Detrimental Effect of Diabetes and Gender-Related Factors on Pre-admission Medication Adherence Among Patients Hospitalized for Ischemic Heart Disease: Insights From EVA Study
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Valeria Raparelli, Marco Proietti, Giulio Francesco Romiti, Andrea Lenzi, Stefania Basili, The EVA Collaborative Group, Claudio Tiberti, Federica Panimolle, Andrea Isidori, Elisa Giannetta, Mary Anna Venneri, Laura Napoleone, Marta Novo, Silvia Quattrino, Simona Ceccarelli, Eleni Anastasiadou, Francesca Megiorni, Cinzia Marchese, Enrico Mangieri, Gaetano Tanzilli, Nicola Viceconte, Francesco Barillà, Carlo Gaudio, Vincenzo Paravati, Guglielmo Tellan, Evaristo Ettorre, Adriana Servello, Fabio Miraldi, Andrea Moretti, Alessandra Tanzilli, Piergiovanni Mazzonna, Suleyman Al Kindy, Riccardo Iorio, Martina Di Iorio, Gennaro Petriello, Laura Gioffrè, Eleonora Indolfi, Gaetano Pero, Nino Cocco, Loredana Iannetta, Sara Giannuzzi, Emilio Centaro, Sonia Cristina Sergi, Filippo Toriello, Eleonora Ruscio, Tommaso Todisco, Nicolò Sperduti, Giuseppe Santangelo, Giacomo Visioli, Marco Vano, Marco Borgi, Ludovica Maria Antonini, Silvia Robuffo, Claudia Tucci, Agostino Rossoni, Valeria Spugnardi, Annarita Vernile, Mariateresa Santoliquido, Verdiana Santori, Giulia Tosti, Fabrizio Recchia, Francesco Morricone, Roberto Scacciavillani, Alice Lipari, Andrea Zito, Floriana Testa, Giulia Ricci, Ilaria Vellucci, Marianna Vincenti, Silvia Pietropaolo, Camilla Scala, Nicolò Rubini, Marta Tomassi, Daria Amoroso, Lucia Stefanini, Simona Bartimoccia, Giovanni Talerico, Pasquale Pignatelli, Roberto Cangemi, Salvatore Minisola, Sergio Morelli, Antonio Fraioli, Silvia Nocchi, Mario Fontana, Sebastiano Filetti, Massimo Fiorilli, Danilo Toni, Anne Falcou, Louise Pilote, Tabeth Tsitsi Jiri, Muhammad Ahmer Wali, Amanpreet Kaur, Malik Elharram, Anna Rita Vestri, Patrizia Ferroni, Clara Crescioli, Cristina Antinozzi, Francesca Serena Pignataro, Tiziana Bellini, Alessandro Trentini, Roberto Carnevale, Cristina Nocella, Carlo Catalano, Iacopo Carbone, Nicola Galea, Giuliano Bertazzoni, Marianna Suppa, Antonello Rosa, Gioacchino Galardo, Maria Alessandroni, Lorena Cipollone, Alessandro Coppola, Mariangela Palladino, Giulio Illuminati, Fabrizio Consorti, Paola Mariani, Fabrizio Neri, Paolo Salis, Antonio Segatori, Laurent Tellini, and Gianluca Costabile
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sex ,gender ,diabetes ,medication adherence ,ischemic heart disease ,personality traits ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Background: Sex and gender-related factors have been under-investigated as relevant determinants of health outcomes across non-communicable chronic diseases. Poor medication adherence results in adverse clinical outcomes and sex differences have been reported among patients at high cardiovascular risk, such as diabetics. The effect of diabetes and gender-related factors on medication adherence among women and men at high risk for ischemic heart disease (IHD) has not yet been fully investigated.Aim: To explore the role of sex, gender-related factors, and diabetes in pre-admission medication adherence among patients hospitalized for IHD.Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from the Endocrine Vascular disease Approach (EVA) (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02737982), a prospective cohort of patients admitted for IHD. We selected patients with baseline information regarding the presence of diabetes, cardiovascular risk factors, and gender-related variables (i.e., gender identity, gender role, gender relations, institutionalized gender). Our primary outcome was the proportion of pre-admission medication adherence defined through a self-reported questionnaire. We performed a sex-stratified analysis of clinical and gender-related factors associated with pre-admission medication adherence.Results: Two-hundred eighty patients admitted for IHD (35% women, mean age 70), were included. Around one-fourth of the patients were low-adherent to therapy before hospitalization, regardless of sex. Low-adherent patients were more likely diabetic (40%) and employed (40%). Sex-stratified analysis showed that low-adherent men were more likely to be employed (58 vs. 33%) and not primary earners (73 vs. 54%), with more masculine traits of personality, as compared with medium-high adherent men. Interestingly, women reporting medication low-adherence were similar for clinical and gender-related factors to those with medium-high adherence, except for diabetes (42 vs. 20%, p = 0.004). In a multivariate adjusted model only employed status was associated with poor medication adherence (OR 0.55, 95%CI 0.31–0.97). However, in the sex-stratified analysis, diabetes was independently associated with medication adherence only in women (OR 0.36; 95%CI 0.13–0.96), whereas a higher masculine BSRI was the only factor associated with medication adherence in men (OR 0.59, 95%CI 0.35–0.99).Conclusion: Pre-admission medication adherence is common in patients hospitalized for IHD, regardless of sex. However, patient-related factors such as diabetes, employment, and personality traits are associated with adherence in a sex-specific manner.
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- 2019
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8. Digoxin and Platelet Activation in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: In Vivo and In Vitro Study
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Daniele Pastori, Roberto Carnevale, Cristina Nocella, Simona Bartimoccia, Marta Novo, Vittoria Cammisotto, Silvia Piconese, Maria Santulli, Fortunata Vasaturo, Francesco Violi, and Pasquale Pignatelli
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atrial fibrillation ,digoxin ,platelet aggregation ,thromboxane ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background Digoxin use was shown to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in atrial fibrillation (AF). We hypothesized that digoxin may affect cardiovascular risk by increasing platelet activation. Methods and Results Post hoc analysis of a prospective study of anticoagulated patients with AF. Patients were divided into 2 groups balanced for age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors: digoxin users (n=132) and nonusers (n=388). Urinary excretion of 11‐dehydro‐thromboxane B2 (TxB2), a marker of platelet activation, and serum digoxin concentration (SDC) were measured. In vitro experiments were performed on platelets from healthy subjects and AF patients, which were incubated with scalar doses of digoxin (0.6–2.4 ng/mL) with or without prestimulation with a sub‐threshold of collagen. Median 11‐dehydro‐TxB2 was 105.0 (interquartile range, 60.0–190.0) ng/mg creatinine, and median SDC was 0.65 (interquartile range, 0.40–1.00) ng/mL. Urinary 11‐dehydro‐TxB2 and SDC were correlated (rs=0.350, P
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- 2018
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9. Gut‐Derived Serum Lipopolysaccharide is Associated With Enhanced Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Atrial Fibrillation: Effect of Adherence to Mediterranean Diet
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Daniele Pastori, Roberto Carnevale, Cristina Nocella, Marta Novo, Maria Santulli, Vittoria Cammisotto, Danilo Menichelli, Pasquale Pignatelli, and Francesco Violi
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atrial fibrillation ,cardiovascular events ,lipopolysaccharide ,Mediterranean diet ,thromboxane ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
BackgroundGut microbiota is emerging as a novel risk factor for atherothrombosis, but the predictive role of gut‐derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is unknown. We analyzed (1) the association between LPS and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in atrial fibrillation (AF) and (2) its relationship with adherence to a Mediterranean diet (Med‐diet). Methods and ResultsThis was a prospective single‐center study including 912 AF patients treated with vitamin K antagonists (3716 patient‐years). The primary end point was a composite of MACE. Baseline serum LPS, adherence to Med‐diet (n=704), and urinary excretion of 11‐dehydro‐thromboxane B2 (TxB2, n=852) were investigated. Mean age was 73.5 years; 42.9% were women. A total of 187 MACE (5.0% per year) occurred: 54, 59, and 74 in the first, second, and third tertile of LPS, respectively (log‐rank test P=0.004). Log‐LPS (hazard ratio 1.194, P=0.009), age (hazard ratio 1.083, P
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- 2017
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10. New light into the hormogastrid riddle: morphological and molecular description of Hormogaster joseantonioi sp. n. (Annelida, Clitellata, Hormogastridae)
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Daniel Fernández Marchán, Rosa Fernández, Marta Novo, and Dario Diaz Cosin
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Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
The earthworm family Hormogastridae shows a remarkable disjunction in its distribution in the Iberian Peninsula, with the Hormogaster elisae species complex isolated from the rest of the species. Hormogaster joseantonioi sp. n., a new species found in the intermediate area between the main ranges (in Teruel, Aragón), was described following the integrative approach, as it is suitable for earthworms due to their highly homoplasic morphology. The phylogenetic analysis of the molecular markers placed the new species as a sister taxon to H. elisae, thus showing the colonizing lineage of Central Iberian Peninsula could have originated near the H. joseantonioi sp. n. current range. External morphological characters revealed some degree of overlap with previously described species, but internal characters presented configurations/states unknown from other members of the family. These traits make the new species a key piece to understand the evolution of Hormogastridae.
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- 2014
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11. A new earthworm species within a controversial genus: Eiseniona gerardoi sp. n. (Annelida, Lumbricidae) - description based on morphological and molecular data
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Dario Diaz Cosin, Marta Novo, Rosa Fernández, Daniel Fernández Marchán, and Mónica Gutiérrez
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Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
The morphological and anatomical simplicity of soil dwelling animals, such as earthworms, has limited the establishment of a robust taxonomy making it sometimes subjective to authors’ criteria. Within this context, integrative approaches including molecular information are becoming more popular to solve the phylogenetic positioning of conflictive taxa. Here we present the description of a new lumbricid species from the region of Extremadura (Spain), Eiseniona gerardoi sp. n. The assignment to this genus is based on both a morphological and a phylogenetic study. The validity of the genus Eiseniona, one of the most controversial within Lumbricidae, is discussed. A synopsis of the differences between the type species and the west-European members of the genus is provided.
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- 2014
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12. Compilation of morphological and molecular data, a necessity for taxonomy: The case of Hormogaster abbatissae sp. n. (Annelida, Clitellata, Hormogastridae)
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Marta Novo, Rosa Fernández, Daniel Fernández Marchán, Mónica Gutiérrez, and Dario Diaz Cosin
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Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
Conflict among data sources can be frequent in evolutionary biology, especially in cases where one character set poses limitations to resolution. Earthworm taxonomy, for example, remains a challenge because of the limited number of morphological characters taxonomically valuable. An explanation to this may be morphological convergence due to adaptation to a homogeneous habitat, resulting in high degrees of homoplasy. This sometimes impedes clear morphological diagnosis of species. Combination of morphology with molecular techniques has recently aided taxonomy in many groups difficult to delimit morphologically. Here we apply an integrative approach by combining morphological and molecular data, including also some ecological features, to describe a new earthworm species in the family Hormogastridae, Hormogaster abbatissae sp. n., collected in Sant Joan de les Abadesses (Girona, Spain). Its anatomical and morphological characters are discussed in relation to the most similar Hormogastridae species, which are not the closest species in a phylogenetic analysis of molecular data. Species delimitation using the GMYC method and genetic divergences with the closest species are also considered. The information supplied by the morphological and molecular sources is contradictory, and thus we discuss issues with species delimitation in other similar situations. Decisions should be based on a profound knowledge of the morphology of the studied group but results from molecular analyses should also be considered.
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- 2012
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13. Spatiotemporal AMPKα2 deletion in mice induces cardiac dysfunction, fibrosis and cardiolipin remodeling associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in males only
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Lucile Grimbert, Maria-Nieves Sanz, Mélanie Gressette, Catherine Rucker-Martin, Marta Novotova, Audrey Solgadi, Ahmed Karoui, Susana Gomez, Kaveen Bedouet, Eric Jacquet, Christophe Lemaire, Vladimir Veksler, Mathias Mericskay, Renée Ventura-Clapier, Jérôme Piquereau, and Anne Garnier
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Heart ,AMP-activated protein kinase ,Fibrosis ,Cardiolipins ,Energy metabolism ,Medicine ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Highlights AMPK is a metabolic sensor of cellular energy which regulates energy homeostasis. We generated a cardiac-specific inducible deletion of Ampkα2 and demonstrated that this deletion induces mild cardiac dysfunction in male only. Cardiac dysfunction observed in males was associated with cardiac fibrosis and cardiac cardiolipin remodeling that are not seen in females. Although no significant cardiac function alteration was noticed in ovariectomized female Ampkα2ciKO mice, these latter exhibited cardiac fibrosis and mild cardiolipins remodeling. Our results show a higher dependence on AMPK signaling fibrosis and cardiolipin biosynthesis/maturation in males, either due to the absence of female hormones protection or/and to the action of male hormones. This may contribute to the known difference in cardiovascular risk and outcome between sexes.
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- 2021
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14. SARS-CoV-2 Exploits Non-Canonical Autophagic Processes to Replicate, Mature, and Egress the Infected Vero E6 Cells
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Juraj Koči, Marta Novotová, Monika Sláviková, Boris Klempa, and Ivan Zahradník
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SARS-CoV-2 ,autophagy ,mitophagy ,virus maturation ,virus egress ,gene regulation ,Medicine - Abstract
The coronavirus transforms the cytoplasm of susceptible cells to support virus replication. It also activates autophagy-like processes, the role of which is not well understood. Here, we studied SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero E6 cells using transmission electron microscopy and autophagy PCR array. After 6–24 h post-infection (hpi), the cytoplasm of infected cells only contained double-membrane vesicles, phagophores, and phagosomes engulfing virus particles and cytoplasmic debris, including damaged mitochondria. The phagosomes interacted with the viral nucleoprotein complex, virus particles, mitochondria, and lipid droplets. The phagosomes transformed into egress vacuoles, which broke through the plasmalemma and discharged the virus particles. The Vero E6 cells exhibited pronounced virus replication at 6 hpi, which stabilized at 18–24 hpi at a high level. The autophagy PCR array tests revealed a significant upregulation of 10 and downregulation of 8 autophagic gene markers out of 84. Altogether, these results underline the importance of autophagy-like processes for SARS-CoV-2 maturation and egress, and point to deviations from a canonical autophagy response.
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- 2022
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15. Energetic Interactions Between Subcellular Organelles in Striated Muscles
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Jérôme Piquereau, Vladimir Veksler, Marta Novotova, and Renée Ventura-Clapier
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sarcoplasmic reticulum ,creatine kinase ,organelle interaction ,energy metabolism ,mitochondria ,skeletal muscle cells ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Adult striated muscle cells present highly organized structure with densely packed intracellular organelles and a very sparse cytosol accounting for only few percent of cell volume. These cells have a high and fluctuating energy demand that, in continuously working oxidative muscles, is fulfilled mainly by oxidative metabolism. ATP produced by mitochondria should be directed to the main energy consumers, ATPases of the excitation-contraction system; at the same time, ADP near ATPases should rapidly be eliminated. This is achieved by phosphotransfer kinases, the most important being creatine kinase (CK). Specific CK isoenzymes are located in mitochondria and in close proximity to ATPases, forming efficient energy shuttle between these structures. In addition to phosphotransfer kinases, ATP/ADP can be directly channeled between mitochondria co-localized with ATPases in a process called “direct adenine nucleotide channeling, DANC.” This process is highly plastic so that inactivation of the CK system increases the participation of DANC to energy supply owing to the rearrangement of cell structure. The machinery for DANC is built during postnatal development in parallel with the increase in mitochondrial mass, organization, and complexification of the cell structure. Disorganization of cell architecture remodels the mitochondrial network and decreases the efficacy of DANC, showing that this process is intimately linked to cardiomyocyte structure. Accordingly, in heart failure, disorganization of the cell structure along with decrease in mitochondrial mass reduces the efficacy of DANC and together with alteration of the CK shuttle participates in energetic deficiency contributing to contractile failure.
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- 2020
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16. Amotl1 mediates sequestration of the Hippo effector Yap1 downstream of Fat4 to restrict heart growth
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Chiara V. Ragni, Nicolas Diguet, Jean-François Le Garrec, Marta Novotova, Tatiana P. Resende, Sorin Pop, Nicolas Charon, Laurent Guillemot, Lisa Kitasato, Caroline Badouel, Alexandre Dufour, Jean-Christophe Olivo-Marin, Alain Trouvé, Helen McNeill, and Sigolène M Meilhac
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Science - Abstract
Growth of the mammalian heart is controlled by Hippo signalling but how this is regulated is unclear. Here, the authors show that Fat4 (an atypical cadherin) acts upstream of Hippo signalling and Fat4 mutant mice have thicker myocardium, which is mediated by the scaffold Amot1 and transcription factor Yap1.
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- 2017
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17. Calcium Signaling and Contractility in Cardiac Myocyte of Wolframin Deficient Rats
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Michal Cagalinec, Alexandra Zahradníková, Dominika Kováčová, Ludovit Paulis, Simona Kureková, Matej Hot’ka, Jana Pavelková, Mario Plaas, Marta Novotová, and Ivan Zahradník
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calcium current ,calcium transient ,contractility ,cardiac myocyte ,Wolfram syndrome ,wolframin ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Wolframin (Wfs1) is a membrane protein of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum. Wfs1 mutations are responsible for the Wolfram syndrome, characterized by diabetic and neurological symptoms. Although Wfs1 is expressed in cardiac muscle, its role in this tissue is not clear. We have characterized the effect of invalidation of Wfs1 on calcium signaling-related processes in isolated ventricular myocytes of exon5-Wfs1 deficient rats (Wfs1-e5/-e5) before the onset of overt disease. Calcium transients and contraction were measured in field-stimulated isolated myocytes using confocal microscopy with calcium indicator fluo-3 AM and sarcomere length detection. Calcium currents and their calcium release-dependent inactivation were characterized in whole-cell patch-clamp experiments. At 4 months, Wfs1-e5/-e5 animals were euglycemic, and echocardiographic examination revealed fully compensated cardiac function. In field-stimulated isolated ventricular myocytes, both the amplitude and the duration of contraction of Wfs1-e5/-e5 animals were elevated relative to control Wfs1+/+ littermates. Increased contractility of myocytes resulted largely from prolonged cytosolic calcium transients. Neither the amplitude of calcium currents nor their voltage dependence of activation differed between the two groups. Calcium currents in Wfs1-e5/-e5 myocytes showed a larger extent of inactivation by short voltage prepulses applied to selectively induce calcium release-dependent inactivation of calcium current. Neither the calcium content of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, measured by application of 20 mmol/l caffeine, nor the expression of SERCA2, determined from Western blots, differed significantly in myocytes of Wfs1-e5/-e5 animals compared to control ones. These experiments point to increased duration of calcium release in ventricular myocytes of Wfs1-e5/-e5 animals. We speculate that the lack of functional wolframin might cause changes leading to upregulation of RyR2 channels resulting in prolongation of channel openings and/or a delay in termination of calcium release.
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- 2019
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18. SIRT1 Protects the Heart from ER Stress-Induced Injury by Promoting eEF2K/eEF2-Dependent Autophagy
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Julie Pires Da Silva, Kevin Monceaux, Arnaud Guilbert, Mélanie Gressette, Jérôme Piquereau, Marta Novotova, Renée Ventura-Clapier, Anne Garnier, and Christophe Lemaire
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sirtuin 1 ,endoplasmic reticulum stress ,autophagy/mitophagy ,cell death ,cardioprotection ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Many recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the development of cardiac diseases and have suggested that modulation of ER stress response could be cardioprotective. Previously, we demonstrated that the deacetylase Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) attenuates ER stress response and promotes cardiomyocyte survival. Here, we investigated whether and how autophagy plays a role in SIRT1-afforded cardioprotection against ER stress. The results revealed that protective autophagy was initiated before cell death in response to tunicamycin (TN)-induced ER stress in cardiac cells. SIRT1 inhibition decreased ER stress-induced autophagy, whereas its activation enhanced autophagy. In response to TN- or isoproterenol-induced ER stress, mice deficient for SIRT1 exhibited suppressed autophagy along with exacerbated cardiac dysfunction. At the molecular level, we found that in response to ER stress (i) the extinction of eEF2 or its kinase eEF2K not only reduced autophagy but further activated cell death, (ii) inhibition of SIRT1 inhibited the phosphorylation of eEF2, (iii) eIF2α co-immunoprecipitated with eEF2K, and (iv) knockdown of eIF2α reduced the phosphorylation of eEF2. Our results indicate that in response to ER stress, SIRT1 activation promotes cardiomyocyte survival by enhancing autophagy at least through activation of the eEF2K/eEF2 pathway.
- Published
- 2020
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19. Periodontal Diseases and Dental Caries in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
- Author
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Marta Novotna, Stepan Podzimek, Zdenek Broukal, Erika Lencova, and Jana Duskova
- Subjects
Pathology ,RB1-214 - Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease of an autoimmune origin with early manifestation predominantly in the childhood. Its incidence has been rising in most European countries. Diabetes has been intensively studied by all branches of medicine. There were a number of studies investigating oral consequences of diabetes; however, unambiguous conclusions were drawn only for the relationship between diabetes and periodontal impairment. Many studies confirmed higher plaque levels and higher incidence of chronic gingivitis both in adults and in children with diabetes. Juvenile periodontitis is rare both in healthy subjects and in those with type 1 diabetes. Yet certain findings from well-conducted studies, for example, differences in oral microflora or the impact of metabolic control of diabetes on periodontal health, indicate a higher risk of periodontitis in children with type 1 diabetes. As for the association of diabetes and dental caries, the results of the studies are inconsistent. However, it was found that some risk factors for dental caries are either more or less prevalent in the diabetic population. Despite an extensive research in this area we have to acknowledge that many questions have remained unanswered. There is a need for continued, thorough research in this area.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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