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Abstract Background We aimed to provide a consensus, evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis, evaluation, and treat-to-target management of children living with FMF. This study was carried out to achieve an expert consensus on a treat-to-target management strategy for FMF using the Delphi technique. The preliminary scientific committee identified a total of 17 key clinical questions according to the Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes (PICO) approach. An evidence-based, systematic, literature review was conducted to compile evidence for the benefits and harms associated with JIA treatments. The core leadership team identified researchers and clinicians with expertise in FMF management. Delphi process was implemented (2 rounds) to reach a consensus on the management recommendations of FMF patients. Results Twenty-one expert panel participated in the 2 rounds with a response rate of 100%. A total of 12 recommendations, categorized into 2 sections (4 in the diagnosis section and 8 in management), were obtained. The agreement with the recommendations (rank 7–9) ranged from 85.7 to 100%. The consensus was reached (i.e., ≥75% of respondents strongly agreed or agreed) on all the clinical standards. Algorithms for management have been also developed. Conclusion A wide and representative panel of experts established a consensus regarding the management of FMF. The developed guidelines provide a comprehensive treat-to-target approach to the management of FMF for all healthcare professionals who are involved in its management.

Abstract Background Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a severe life-threatening hyperinflammatory state with uncontrolled activation and proliferation of macrophages and T-lymphocytes. MAS has variable causes and risk factors. Early diagnosis and optimum management could be lifesaving. Our aim was to develop a consensus, evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis, evaluation, and treat-to-target management of pediatric MAS. This study was carried out to achieve an Egyptian expert consensus on a treat-to-target management strategy for MAS using the Delphi technique. The multistep process strategy was used in developing a consensus, evidence-based treatment guidelines for MAS, started by developing 7 key clinical questions by a scientific committee according to the Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes (PICO) approach. The core leadership team identified pediatric rheumatology clinicians and researchers throughout Egypt. To generate evidence for MAS management, an evidence-based, systematic literature review was done. To obtain a consensus, the Delphi procedure (3 rounds) was used. Results Twenty-three expert panel participated in the 3 rounds with a response rate of 100%. A total of 19 recommendations, categorized into 2 sections (11 in the diagnosis section and 8 in management), were obtained. The agreement with the recommendations (ranks 7–9) ranged from 86.9 to 95.7%. The consensus was reached (i.e., ≥75% of respondents strongly agreed or agreed) on all the clinical standards. Algorithms for management have been also developed. Conclusion This was an expert, consensus recommendation for the diagnosis and treat to target of MAS, based on the best available evidence and expert opinion. The guidelines fill a gap in the literature as it presents a T2T approach for MAS.

Abstract Background These updated guidelines aimed to provide appropriate and convenient guidelines for the treatment of various types of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Using the Delphi technique, this study was conducted to reach expert consensus on a treat-to-target management strategy for JIA. According to the PICO (patient/population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes) approach, the preliminary scientific committee identified a total of 17 key clinical questions. To assemble evidence on the advantages and dangers associated with JIA treatments, an evidence-based, systematic literature review was conducted. Researchers and clinicians with experience in JIA management were identified by the core leadership team. To establish a consensus on the management suggestions for JIA patients, a Delphi approach (2 rounds) was used. Results An online survey was applied to the expert panel (n = 27), and 26 of them completed both rounds. At the conclusion of round 2, a total of eighteen (18) recommendation items were gathered, which were divided into four sections to address the four key JIA categories. The percentage of those who agreed with the recommendations (ranks 7–9) ranged from 83.2 to 100% (average 86.8%). The phrasing of all 18 clinical standards identified by the scientific committee was agreed upon (i.e. 75% of respondents strongly agreed or agreed). Algorithms have been proposed for the management of JIA polyarthritis, oligoarthritis, and systemic JIA. Conclusion A wide and representative panel of experts initiated a consensus about the management of JIA. The created guidelines give a complete approach to the management of JIA for all healthcare professionals involved in its management, as well as a means of monitoring and evaluating these guidelines on a regular basis.