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Blockchain is a modern, influential technology that is already transforming organizations and their business models in all business processes, including accounting and auditing. The article identifies and analyzes the risks of blockchain application in accounting and audits of fuel and energy companies. Areas of application of blockchain in accounting and auditing of fuel and energy companies have been determined, which include - integration of cryptocurrency into the accounting system of an energy company, creation of smart contracts, certification of renewable energy sources, automation of accounting and document flow, operational management of energy company assets, accounting of accounts consumption of energy and fuel resources. The risks of using blockchain technology in accounting and auditing of fuel and energy companies are systematized, which are grouped according to the following directions: high requirements of blockchain for energy consumption, lack of sufficient knowledge and skills of accountants in working with blockchain, technical, accounting and auditing problems. An example of choosing an economic risk management strategy of an energy company using maximax, Bayes, Laplace, Wald, Savage, Hurwitz criteria has been developed. The results of the research can be useful for accountants, auditors and managers of fuel and energy companies during the implementation and use of blockchain technology in practical activities.

The quality improvement of state audit system is vital and relevant for all post-Soviet republics and Kazakhstan particularly. On the whole, it is grounded on the old notions, and is not suitable for the contemporary economic situation and numerous private enterprises’ growth. The article aims to highlight the advantages of the audit systems in the USA and the UK for the contemporary state of the audit system in the Republic of Kazakhstan. In order to achieve the stated purpose theoretical bases, statistical data, legislative and regulatory official documents were analyzed. The analysis shows that the most perspective approaches to the internal audit system development are risk management and budget planning. The main problematic areas are the legal support, staff of auditing departments and services, the quality of revisions and competence of state auditors. It is substantiated that training and education for the auditors are highly demanded. The internal annual audit reports can be used as the effective instrument of the governmental control as well as the marker of the most undeveloped spheres.