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Objective: To inquire the effect of glide-path (GP) preparation on reaching the working length and its influence on the cyclic fatigue and torsional stress of new Direct R MI gold files. Methods: A total of eighty Direct R MI gold files were split into two groups (n=40) according to the establishment of the GP: the GP group with the GP performed with #8, #10, and #15 K hand files, and the Without GP group (WGPG). The files from each group were randomly divided into two subgroups (n=20). Subgroups of each group were subjected to cyclic fatigue tests at a curvature of 90° angle and a 5 mm radius along with a torsional resistance test (torque to fracture [TtF]) through a static torsional test device by blocking the file at 3 mm from the tip. The time to fracture (TF), number of cycles to failure, fractured tip length segments for both cyclic and torsional tests, and TtF were recorded. One-way analysis of variance, and Tukey’s multiple comparison tests were performed, with the significance level set at 0.05. Results: All the instruments reached working length. There were no statistically significant differences between subgroups of GP and WGPG in terms of TF, number of cycles to failure, TtF, or fractured tip length (P > 0.05). Deformations were observed in only one file in the WGPG. Conclusion: The creation of a GP did not impact the cyclic fatigue or torsional resistance of Direct R gold files. The novel reciprocating single-file system achieved full working length in all cases, even without a prior GP.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the ability of two different single file-reciprocating techniques) to successfully treating 60 lower molar cases (n=30), with a 1 year follow up : Reciproc Blue (RB, VDW, Germany) vs EdgeOneR (EOR, EdgeEndo, USA). The present study followed the suggestions provided by the recent S3 guidelines edited by the European society of Endodontology, concerning clinical studies on root canal treatment. All cases were performed by the same clinician expert in both techniques, strictly following manufacturers’ instructions. Patients were recalled for follow up after one week, 3 months and one year. Data were recorded and statistically analyzed. Results showed that no statistically significant differences were observed in the distribution of the frequency of reaching the full working length between the EOR (99%), RC Blue (94%), groups ( p > 0.05). A significant difference was noted in terms of postoperative pain ( p-value ≥ .044). After 7 days 16 patients from the RB and 10 patients from the EOR group referred moderate/severe pain and assumption of medications, even if no flare up was reported. After one year the survival rate of endodontically treated teeth for both groups was 100% with no statistically significant difference ( p-value ≥ .05) between them. Radiographic healing was not observed in two cases only (both from RB group. It can be concluded that single file reciprocation is a valid alternative to traditional rotary instrumentation and when combined to proper irrigation and obturation technique can provide excellent outcomes, allowing an efficient, easy and simple shaping procedure in the great majority of cases.

(1) Background and Objectives. Currently, there are no definitive long-term data about clinically significant difference in the failure of prosthesis and implant or marginal bone loss related to the rehabilitation of the completely edentulous mandible by all-on-four treatment concept. The main aim of present investigation was to report the long-term outcomes (10-years follow-up) of complete-arch mandibular rehabilitations based on the all-on-four concept. (2) Materials and Methods. Patients in need of extractions of teeth due to the occurrence of caries and/or severe periodontal disease and patients presented with edentulous mandibles were enrolled to the study. A total of 96 participants (mean follow-up period after intervention of 3185.2 days) were enrolled in the study. Participants were evaluated at the first visit, 10 days after intervention and every year after the intervention. Implant and prosthesis survival, bone loss and both local biological and mechanical complications were evaluated during the follow-up period. (3) Results. An implants’ survival rate of 97.9% was observed at the end of the follow-up period. Biological complications were reported in 19.8% of patients, whereas mechanical complications were reported in 27.1% of cases. The average marginal bone level at baseline was −0.03 mm. A significant marginal bone loss was observed after 10-years follow-up (2.5 mm). Binary logistic regression analysis showed significant association between smoke and both marginal bone loss and local biological complications. Lastly, a significant association was observed between bruxism and mechanical complications. (4) Conclusions. The high implant and prosthesis survival rate and the moderate incidence of biological and mechanical complications observed in present investigation can be associated to several factors such as high implant primary stability, prosthetic design, and control of the occlusal forces.

The healing of a post-extraction socket and the final remodeling of the residual ridge represent a moment of fundamental importance in the study of bone regeneration and in the assessment all the methods to be implemented in order to guide this process in a profitable way. The purpose of this clinical evaluation is therefore to assess the effectiveness of a granular bovine bone (RE-BONE bone substitute, Ubgen System, Vigonza-PD, Italy) in promoting the formation of new bone and preserving the volume of the pre-existing one at the extraction site. 30 patients were involved in this study, involving a total of 30 alveolar sockets treated with new medical devices. Each patient was treated 4g of bovine bone in granular form. Our pilot study, carried out on the samples considered suitable by the operator, identified the presence or absence of mineralized bone, soft tissue and graft material, through a qualitative and quantitative percentage assessment.

Abstract Different surgical treatment strategies for peri-implantitis with the use of graft material and membranes have been suggested without any longitudinal remarkable success rate. The present preliminary study was aimed to analyze a new clinical approach based on the disinfection of the implant connection, the disinfection of the implant surface and GBR approach in the treatment of circumferential and semi-circumferential bony defect resulting from peri-implantitis. Six consecutive patients were selected for the present study. After removal of factors that could potentially influence peri-implant pathology, the prosthetic rehabilitation was always removed and a full thickness flap was elevated to allow access to the peri-implant defect and the exposed implant surface. Once the defect was degranulated and the implant surface cleaned, a mixture (50:50) of autogenous bone and allograft was used. Guided bone regeneration technique using membranes was adopted and the flaps were closed for a submerged healing. Six months thereafter, a new re-opening procedure was performed and cleaned superstructures and crowns were repositioned. Patients were followed for one year thereafter and recalled for a customized oral hygiene every three months. Radiological and periodontal analysis was performed before surgery and every six months. The studied procedure was associated with a pronounced increase in REC and CAL with stable peri-implant conditions at 6 and 12 months. PI, BOP and PD values were significantly reduced both at 6 and 12 months. At 12 months, a mean PD gain of 4.5 mm and a bone loss reduction of 5.1 mm was obtained. Within the limitation of the present preliminary study, the proposed technique might represent a promising result for treatment of circumferential and semi-circumferential bone defects around implants affected by peri-implantitis.