Search

Technology transformation from Revolution 4.0 to Society 5.0, where technology is increasingly integrated with human life. Education is the key in developing innovative human resources. In the era of Society 5.0, with the rapid development of technology, it is necessary to transform from manual to digital learning resources. Based on the importance of this, the purpose of this research is to digitize historical sources in a Qr Code-based museology laboratory and test their effectiveness. The use of learning resources, especially in the form of a museology laboratory with a Qr Code, is an innovative way to enhance history learning. In this study, the method used was the Research and Development (R&D) ADDIE model. This model has 5 stages consisting of analyzing, designing, developing, implementing and evaluating. The focus of the research object was conducted at the Department of History, Faculty of Social Sciences, State University of Malang, East Java Province. The trial results show that it is very effective in 86% points to improve the quality of history learning. Through the results of technology and education collaboration in the Society 5.0 era, practical implementation emerged in the form of a Qr Code-based E-Museum

Indonesia is one of the largest coal producers in the world. The conversion of coal into coalbed methane (CBM) by involving methane-producing microbes appears to be a potential alternative to utilizing coal for energy resources. One possible source of methanogens is rumen fluid collected from slaughterhouse waste. Previous studies have reported the possibility of employing rumen fluid to produce methane from coals. To sustain field application, microbiological testing of rumen fluid in CBM reservoir circumstances is required. Therefore, various water formations and coals were involved in the present study. The present study aims to identify methane production by combining rumen fluid as methane-producing microbes, formation water, and various coal types (A: lignite, B: sub-bituminous, C: bituminous, and K: control) at room temperature. The results suggest that supplying microbes from rumen fluid and formation water can produce methane from different types of coal. Microbial activity in all treatments is denoted by pH changes and observing living microbes. Bacilli are the predominant type of microorganism. Due to coal organic compound breakdown, the presence of methanogenic microbial activity is denoted by volatile fatty acids (VFA). The total VFA in all treatments demonstrated a similar declining tendency. It was found that all treatments produce volatile fatty acids in different amounts up to 60 days of incubation. These acids included acetic, propionic, butyric, iso-butyric, iso-valeric, and valeric acids. Acetic acid is the most commonly produced partial VFA, the primary, intermediate compound in methane formation. Treatment A with lignite coal had the maximum gas production. The cumulative gas volume reached 16,400 mL after 60 days of incubation. In contrast, the highest cumulative methane production occurred in treatment C with bituminous coal, amounting to 100.60 mL after 60 days of incubation.

Kemampuan literasi sains dan berpikir kritis siswa sangat penting untuk memenuhi tantangan abad ke-21 terutama pada pembelajaran IPA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan literasi sains dan berpikir kritis siswa SMP. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan instrumen soal tes kemampuan literasi sains dan berpikir kritis siswa. Subjek penelitian adalah 29 siswa kelas VIII. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan literasi sains siswa mendapat rata-rata nilai (29,89) sangat kurang. Dari tiga indikator literasi sains berdasarkan PISA, pada mengevaluasi dan mendesain penelitian ilmiah mendapat nilai (41,38) kurang, menafsirkan data dan bukti ilmiah mendapat nilai (20,69) sangat kurang dan menjelaskan fenomena secara ilmiah (27,59) sangat kurang. Sedangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis mendapat mendapat rata-rata nilai (37,93) sangat kurang. Dari lima indikator berpikir kritis berdasarkan kerangka Ennis, memberi penjelasan secara sederhana mendapat nilai (79,31) baik, membangun klasifikasi dasar mendapat nilai (24,14) sangat kurang, membuat inferensi mendapat nilai (31,03) sangat kurang, membuat penjelasan lebih lanjut mendapat nilai (13,79) sangat kurang, mengatur stategi dan taktik mendapat nilai (37,93) sangat kurang, Hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan literasi sains dan berpikir kritis siswa SMP pada pembelajaran IPA masih rendah.

Abstract Introduction The incidence rate of newly diagnosed HIV infection in Indonesia decreased from 21 per 100,000 in 2011 to 10 per 100,000 in 2021. Despite this progress, AIDS-related deaths among people living with HIV (PLWH) increased from 3.4% in 2010 to 4.8% in 2020. Determining risk factors for mortality may identify areas to intervene and reduce mortality. Methods A multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study of HIV infection, coinfections, and comorbidities (INA-PROACTIVE) was carried out at 19 hospitals across major islands in Indonesia. The study enrolled PLWH from 2018–2020 and followed them for 3 years. For this analysis, PLWH ≥ 18 years old with one year of follow-up data were included. Cox regression was used to identify variables at enrollment that correlated with one-year mortality. Results Among the 4,050 PLWH analysed in the study, 68.8% were male, 53.5% acquired HIV through heterosexual transmission, 92.4% were on antiretroviral treatment (ART) at enrollment, and 72.4% had an undetectable viral load. At one year, 115 (2.8%) had died. Detectable viremia at enrollment was significantly associated with mortality, with the risk increasing as the viral load (VL) category increased (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 4.47, 95% CI: 1.47–13.56 for VL 50 to 10,000 copies/mL; compared to VL

Coconut milk-based spreadable cheese has been developed in previous studies with the addition of 1% starter culture (Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis) to replace the use of milk. However, the texture of the spreadable cheese melts easily at room temperature. This research aims to improve the physical characteristics of spreadable cheese made from coconut milk. Improvements were made by adding asam sunti extract, a local commodity from Aceh Province. Spreadable cheese is then made from various types of raw materials (B; 100% pure coconut milk (B1) and 50% pure coconut milk + 50% water (B2)) and various types of starter culture (S; freeze-dried (S1) and cultured (S2)). The resulting spreadable cheese was analyzed for physical characteristics (spreadability, texture, meltability, and oil separation index). The results showed that the combination of treatment with variations in the type of raw material and type of starter culture did not affect the spreadability of coconut milk spread cheese (P0.05). The spreadable cheese made from 50% pure coconut milk + 50% water and cultured starter (B2S2) is more recommended for commercial production. This cheese has a spreadability value of 7.50 ± 0.50 cm, texture of 3.50 ± 0.00 gf, meltability of 15.33 ± 2.00 mm, and oil separation index of 87.33 ± 8.62%

The radioprotective potential of Sitahe (Leuconotis eugenifolia) phytochemicals in cancer radiotherapy remains largely unexplored. In this study, in silico docking simulations were conducted to systematically assess the ability of key phytochemicals from Sitahe to modulate p53 activity, a critical gene in DNA repair and cancer therapy. SwissADME analysis revealed favorable physicochemical properties for compounds such as baurenol, alpha amyrin, and beta amyrin, although high lipophilicity may pose challenges for bioavailability. Molecular docking studies identified strong binding affinities between these compounds and the p53 DNA binding domain, with baurenol demonstrating the highest binding affinity at −6.75 kcal/mol, which is better compared to rhazinilam (−4.55 kcal/mol), leuconolam (−4.36 kcal/mol), leuconoxine (−4.26 kcal/mol), and dehydroleuconoxine (−4.76 kcal/mol). Hydrogen bonding with key residues such as Thr123 further enhanced the stability of these complexes. The low inhibition constants (Ki) suggest significant inhibitory potential, particularly for baurenol (11.31 μM). To evaluate the stability and reliability of these interactions, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed over a duration of 500 ns. The results demonstrated that the selected compounds maintained stable molecular dynamics profiles, showing consistent interactions with the target protein throughout the simulation period. Among the compounds tested, baurenol exhibited the best performance with a MM/PBSA binding energy of −68.568 kJ/mol, which is better than rhazinilam (−63.538 kJ/mol). These findings suggest that baurenol, along with other Sitahe phytochemicals, could serve as dual-function agents, offering protection to healthy tissues from radiation-induced damage while targeting cancer cells through p53 modulation. Although these in silico and MD results are promising, further validation through in vitro and in vivo studies is essential to confirm their therapeutic potential and optimize their pharmacokinetic properties. This study positions Sitahe phytochemicals, particularly baurenol, as promising candidates for the development of novel radioprotective agents in cancer treatment.

Abstract Indonesia is a country with a rich array of traditional meals renowned for their health benefits and potential to serve as functional foods, including dadih. Several studies have shown that dadih is a traditional fermented product from Indonesia, with various culinary applications. In addition, it is typically produced from fermented buffalo milk, which forms an unchanged or broken lump when fermented at room temperature. This product is also widely consumed by the Minangkabau ethnic group in Central Sumatra (nowadays known as the provinces of West Sumatra, Riau, Kepulauan Riau, and Jambi), holding a significant position in their culinary practices. Dadih is often traditionally processed through spontaneous fermentation in bamboo containers without the need for additional inoculation with buffalo milk. The indigenous dadih lactic acid bacteria has been evaluated to have several advantages, including immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antimutagenic, hypocholesterolemic, and antimicrobial properties, by various mechanisms. In addition, this product offers significant nutritional content, promoting digestive health and enhancing the body’s resilience.

Adolescence is a critical developmental phase where career decision-making plays a pivotal role in shaping individuals’ economic stability, personal fulfillment, and societal contributions. This research addresses the challenges adolescents face in career planning, particularly in Indonesia, where structured career counseling frameworks are limited. Existing approaches often neglect the emotional and social dimensions of decision-making, resulting in increased career indecision and misalignment between aspirations and opportunities. While global research highlights the transformative potential of integrating social and emotional support into career counseling, these practices remain underdeveloped in Indonesian educational settings This study aims to fill this gap by developing a context-specific counseling module tailored to Indonesian high school students. Employing a Research and Development (R&D) methodology, the study integrated self-assessment tools, emotional regulation strategies, and goal-setting guidelines to address cognitive and emotional barriers in career decision-making. The module was validated through expert reviews and field testing with high school students, achieving high ratings for its relevance, clarity, and usability. The findings reveal significant improvements in students’ confidence, decision-making skills, and career readiness, underscoring the effectiveness of incorporating social and emotional competencies in career counseling. The research contributes to theoretical discourse by applying Social Cognitive Career Theory and Trait and Factor Theory to explore the interplay between individual attributes and environmental factors in career development. While the study demonstrates promising outcomes, it acknowledges limitations, such as its focus on a specific population and the absence of longitudinal assessments. The research provides a scalable framework that bridges critical gaps in Indonesian career counseling and offers valuable insights for global applications in similar contexts.

Background: The Nutrition Heart Program is a community empowerment initiative implemented to enhance the weight of toddlers based on local food capabilities. The 2024 evaluation results revealed that 46.85% of participants experienced fluctuating weight trends. Narayan's four elements of community empowerment (access to information, inclusion/participation, accountability, local organizational capacity) play a crucial role in future program enhancements. Objectives: To assess the Nutrition Heart Program based on the four elements of community empowerment. Methods: The research was conducted using a qualitative design and was conducted in 10 nutrition centers supported by Amerta Kasih. Data collection methods included in-depth interviews with cadre representatives, pregnant women, and field assistants at each nutrition center. Triangulation of methods was utilized to validate the validity of the results of data collection, namely by observation and document studies. Results: Access to information on the program includes the use of WhatsApp, flyers, field facilitators, and health workers. Most mothers of toddlers actively participated, although some were also mothers of toddlers who were passive due to work commitments. Cadres play an active role in program implementation, handling certain administrative reports are done by cadres as a form of accountability. There are no local organizations engaged in program implementation. Conclusions: Three of the four elements of community empowerment are evident in the nutrition heart program. Efforts should be made to establish or involve local organizations in program implementation of the program, as well as efforts to optimize the implementation of the other three empowerment elements.

The existence of AI is a separate system based on logic, where the information entered into the system will be processed with a programmed algorithm to determine a predetermined result. AI can cause various forms of harm to everyone, including its creator, and the harm it causes can have a long-lasting impact, considering that AI can make decisions similar to humans. The application of AI in the industrial sector will impact all existing systems, including the criminal justice system in all countries. Therefore, the legal regulation of cybercrime in Indonesia needs to be reformed to resolve criminal liability for criminal acts that AI can carry out. The formulation of the problem in this study is what is the urgency of updating cybercrime law in Indonesia. Furthermore, how is the legal policy on criminal liability for artificial intelligence resolved it. Thus, this study normative such as legal research carried out by examining library materials or data using statutory and analytical approaches. This study concludes and suggests that responsibility must be imposed on AI users and legal entities whose responsible parties are company directors. AI creators must also be responsible for the AI's actions. The renewal of cyber law in Indonesia is significant and should be done immediately, even in the Electronic Information and Transactions Law. Almost all institutional and personal documents are stored electronically; the state must also protect them. Other parties can then misuse these documents, which can be traded on the cyber black market and used irresponsibly. Illegal activities in cyberspace are also increasing, and the diversity of their actions with various skills is constantly increasing.

Molluscs are one of the most preferred ingredients for marine lobster feed because the mollusc has a higher protein content. Therefore, this material has the potential to substitute the fish meals and reduce the cost for feeding lobsters. The objective of the present study was to investigate digestive enzyme activities and growth performance of painted spiny lobsters fed with a combination of mollusc meal and fish meal in the diet. Four experimental diets were formulated to contain 20% sardine fish meal and 20% mackerel fish meal (Diet A). 10% Telescopium muscle meal (TMM) + 15% golden snail meal (GSM) + 15% scallops muscle meal (SMM) (Diet B). 15% TMM + 10% GSM + 15% SMM (Diet C) and 15% TMM + 15% GSM + 10% SMM (Diet D). A total of 24 juvenile painted spiny lobsters were distributed into twelve plastic tanks (two lobsters/tank) with a size of 60 × 45 × 60 cm³ and reared in a recirculating system for a 50-day rearing period. The lobster was fed only one time a day (05:00 pm) with a dosage of 3% biomass weight. The results showed that the enzyme activities of lobsters fed with combined mollusc meals were higher than the enzyme activity in the lobsters fed with the fish meal combination diet. The weight gain of the painted spiny lobster fed with mollusc meal was higher than the lobster fed with a fish meal diet. Based on results of enzyme activities and growth performance. It was concluded that the combination of mollusc meal in the formulated diet was more suitable than the combination of fish meal for optimum enzyme activities and growth performance of painted spiny lobster

The community's need for saline tilapia seeds (Oreochromis niloticus) until now still shows a significant increase, the development of tilapia aquaculture business is growing from the sector of breeding and enlargement. This study aims to determine the level of hatchability of saline tilapia eggs (Oreochromis niloticus) with different containers to provide alternatives to the community in using saline tilapia egg hatching containers This research was conducted at the Laboratory of the Fish Seed and Feed Production Technology Study Program of the Polytechnic of Indonesia Venezuela (POLIVEN) in March-April 2024. The research method used was an experimental design, namely a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments, namely A (using a gallon), B (using a teapot), C (using a chicken drinking funnel), D (using a flower pot) each carried out 5 times with test parameters including egg hatchability, larval abnormality, and water quality parameters. Based on the research that has been done, the highest degree of egg hatching is in treatment C (chicken dringking funnel) with a value of 92% an the lowest is in treatment D (flower pot) with a value 51%. The highest larva abnormality is in treatment B (teapot). The annova test result showed that the application of different containers on egg hatchability had a significant effect on the hatching of saline tilapia eggs (Oreochromis niloticus). Based on the results of Duncan's further test showed that the treatment of chicken drinking funnel with 92% percentage is the best treatment compared to other treatments. Keywords: Abnormality Hatchability Water quality Tilapia Fish

Berbagai kendala dalam pengobatan trematodosis pada ruminansia menggunakan agen farmakologi sintetik mendorong penggunaan tanaman herbal berbasis etnoveteriner sebagai alternatif, termasuk di Nusa Tenggara Barat. Jumlah penelitian terkait potensi tanaman herbal sebagai antitrematodosis terus berkembang, namun kajian pustaka masih terbatas. Telaah literatur ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi gambaran penelitian terkait potensi tanaman herbal antitrematodosis berbasis etnoveteriner pada ruminansia, khususnya pada limbah kulit nanas di Nusa Tenggara Barat. Telaah literatur terhadap sumber primer, review dan non riset menunjukkan 7 tanaman herbal yang berpotensi sebagai antifasciolosis dan antiparamphistomiasis (6 studi in vitro dan 1 in vivo). Limbah kulit nanas prospeltif untuk dikembangkan menjadi sedian antitrematodosis seperti granul dan tablet berdasarkan kajian pendahuluan pada aspek farmakologis dan farmasetik. Berdasarkan temuan dapat disimpulkan bahwa tanaman herbal berpotensi sebagai antitrematodosis berbasis etnoveteriner pada ruminansia, khususnya pada limbah kulit nanas di Nusa Tenggara Barat.

This study aims to develop assessment-focused teaching materials for dual-dimensional visual works in the form of valid, practical, and effective p-books and e-books for the Department of Fine Arts. Employing the R&D method with the 4D model (define, design, develop, and disseminate), the research used a Likert scale questionnaire as the instrument, with data analysis techniques covering validity, practicality, and effectiveness assessments. The study results indicated that the teaching materials, both p-books and e-books, were highly valid with an average score of 87.8%. Furthermore, these materials proved to be highly practical for students in Shape Drawing, Illustration Drawing, Visual Communication Design (DKV), Graphic Arts, and Sketching courses, with a practicality score of 84.16%. They were also deemed effective, as students’ activities (such as reading modules, asking and answering questions, and completing assignments) resulted in an effectiveness score of 85.41%. Thus, the teaching materials are confirmed to be valid, practical, and effective for application in the specified Fine Arts courses.

In writing academically, EFL students experience different levels of anxiety for each EFL student. This study aims to measure the general level of writing anxiety experienced by EFL students. In addition, it will specifically measure whether there is an influence on the level of writing anxiety of EFL students with several factors, such as gender, length of study, and region. There are other things to look for, which are related to the type of writing anxiety experienced by EFL students, as well as what factors have a major contribution to this writing anxiety. This study used a quantitative approach by conducting a survey of 58 EFL students divided into 3 academic years, where they took basic writing, intermediate writing and advanced writing courses. The results show that the level of student anxiety is average, with cognitive anxiety (M=18.93) being the highest among somatic anxiety (M=18.30) and avoidance behavior anxiety (M=17.96). Then, the factor that most influenced EFL students' writing anxiety was the problem of linguistic factors (9.3%), which was then followed by writing process under constraint (8.5%). However, EFL students did not feel anxious tothe writing test and writing assessment which percentage of each issue was 7.3%.

This study aims to develop and test the effectiveness of a creative and adaptive sports learning model in increasing the participation of students with special needs. The study used an experimental quantitative approach involving 30 students with special needs in an inclusive elementary school. Data were collected through participant observation, structured interviews with teachers and therapists, and questionnaires to parents, after which the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. Descriptive statistical analysis showed an average student participation of 86.94 after the implementation of the learning model, which showed a significant increase. The Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test inferential test also showed a significant difference (p

Abstract : This study aims to test the UTAUT2 model by examining the mediating role of intention to reuse on use behaviour in the context of digital banking services in Indonesia. The trust factor is included because trust influences positive behaviour in technology acceptance. A quantitative approach was utilized, with the sample consisting of digital banking users in Indonesia. Data collection was conducted through the distribution of questionnaires, resulting in a total sample of 346 respondents. The collected data was analyzed using the bootstrapping technique with SEM-PLS (SmartPLS 4.0). The results indicate a significant influence of intention to reuse on use behaviour. Additionally, this study identifies a relationship between performance expectancy and intention to reuse, as well as between habit and use behaviour. However, effort expectancy, social influence, hedonic motivation, price value, facilitating conditions, habit, and trust were found to have no significant effect on intention to reuse. Achieving performance expectancy is shown to have a positive impact on the intention to reuse digital banking services. Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji model UTAUT2 dengan peran mediasi intention to reuse terhadap use behaviour pada penggunaan layanan bank digital di Indonesia. Faktor trust diikutsertakan karena trust mendefinisikan perilaku positif dalam penerimaan teknologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan sampel penelitian, yaitu pengguna layanan bank digital di Indonesia. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan penyebaran kuesioner yang total sampelnya berjumlah sebanyak 346 responden. Kemudian, data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis menggunakan teknik bootstrapping dengan bantuan aplikasi SEM-PLS (SmartPLS 4.0). Hasilnya adalah terdapat pengaruh antara intention to reuse terhadap use behaviour. Penelitian ini juga terdapat hubungan antara performance expectancy terhadap intention to reuse dan habit terhadap use behaviour. Namun, effort expectancy, social influence, hedonic motivation, price value, facilitating conditions, habit, dan trust tidak berpengaruh terhadap intention to reuse. Penelitian ini menunjukkan ketika performance expectancy tercapai maka akan berpengaruh positif terhadap penggunaan kembali layanan bank digital.

Abstract Radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) were reported as the highest contributors to natural radiation received by humans. Furthermore, radon has been stated as the second-highest cause of lung cancer. The concentrations of 238U and 232Th (the parent nuclide of radon and thoron, respectively) in nature vary with geological conditions and can be enhanced by human activities. Bangka Island in Indonesia is one such case with tin mining, where the environment contains a high amount of 232Th due to the island’s granite bedrock. This study assesses the public’s exposure to radon and thoron inhalation on Bangka Island by conducting measurements using a continuous radon-thoron monitor and a time-integrated monitor for radon, thoron, and thoron progeny concentrations. From those measurements, their diurnal and seasonal variation in the dwellings on Bangka Island were analyzed. From 135 dwellings on Bangka Island, the estimated annual effective dose derived from the inhalation of radon, thoron, and their progenies reaches 4.3 mSv at the highest and a mean of 1.7 ± 0.8 mSv in which thoron contributes more than two times higher than radon. Note that the public exposure to radon and thoron inhalation in Bangka was within the reference level for the existing exposure situation.

This study aims to evaluate students' science literacy profile and implement earth structure and disaster mitigation materials to improve junior high school students' science literacy. This research uses a type of introductory research that applies analysis techniques in the form of descriptive research design (DPD). The research instruments used include science literacy tests, student learning experience questionnaires, and teacher performance observations in delivering the material. This indicates that the science literacy skills of junior high school students can be further improved by using appropriate learning. Based on the results of the research obtained, the science literacy indicator ‘Designing Scientific Investigations’ received the highest score with an average of 3.275, while ‘Critically Evaluating Scientific Information’ received the lowest score of 3.206. Based on the results of the research data that has been obtained, it is concluded that students' science literacy skills still need to be improved. However, female students tend to have better science literacy skills than male students, which indicates a challenge in achieving science literacy skills at an adequate level. The indicator with the lowest level of science literacy was critically evaluate scientific information. Therefore, the study recommends the development of contextualized inquiry-based learning media and technology integration to support more effective learning, as well as training for teachers to facilitate learning that trains students' critical thinking skills.

Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Leptospira interrogans. Laboratory diagnosis of leptospirosis can be done through sample culture. However, microscopic observation of positive Leptospira spp. culture need to be supported by molecular detection to confirm the presence of pathogenic Leptospira spp. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two DNA extraction kits, from QIAGEN and Zymo Research, to extract bacterial DNA genome from positive Leptospira spp. culture for downstream molecular detection. This study is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted in June-September 2023, and part of the PESTO-RITA 2023 study. Fourteen identified positive Leptospira spp. culture, with Leptospira spp. movement under dark field microscopy, was used for DNA extraction using both extraction kits. QIAGEN kit yielded higher mean DNA concentration (0.900±0.161 vs 0.790±0.167 log10 µg/mL, p>0.05) and better DNA purity (1.854 vs 1.632, p

This research presents the design of a compact dual-port UWB MIMO antenna. The primary challenge in designing UWB MIMO antennas lies in achieving a low-frequency band of 3.1 GHz while maintaining a small size. By modifying the patch shape to a tapered configuration and incorporating an inset feed and a slit for WLAN notch band, a rectangular monopole patch antenna successfully overcomes these limitations. The MIMO configuration of this antenna achieves a wide UWB bandwidth of 3.1-12 GHz with a compact dimension of 20×28.5×1.6 mm. The antenna exhibits excellent characteristics, including low mutual coupling (-15 dB), maximum gain of 3 dBi, low ECC (

Social media plays a very influential role, especially in the world of politics and elections. The 2024 elections in Indonesia show how social media can influence political dynamics. This research aims to analyze the influence of social media on the political participation of IAIN Kediri students in the 2024 Presidential Election, as well as understand how social media shapes public opinion and polarizes political views, with a focus on its impact on political participation among students. Data from the Indonesian Internet Service Providers Association (APJII) shows that the majority of the Indonesian population actively uses social media, so political candidates use platforms such as YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok to attract support. Social media accelerates the delivery of political messages and has the potential to strengthen polarization and spread misleading information. In this research, a binary logistic regression model is used to analyze the factors that influence student participation in the 2024 presidential election. The findings show that students who actively follow news in mass media have a 7,157 times greater chance of participating in the 2024 presidential election compared to those who do not follow the news. These results emphasize the importance of social media in motivating political participation among students and provide insight into how social media can be utilized to improve the integrity and quality of democracy.

The dynamics of Islamic banking growth offer unique insights into the opportunities and challenges in accounting and tax harmonization. Conducted in 2023, this qualitative study explores barriers and solutions to accounting and tax integration within the Islamic banking sector through case studies of leading Islamic banks in Indonesia and Malaysia. Through in-depth analysis based on expert interviews and regulatory document review, this research identifies divergences in accounting principles, regulatory infrastructure, and human resource readiness as primary constraints. A proposed theoretical framework, integrating Maqasid Sharia principles with good governance, aims to create an accountable, sustainable, and integrated accounting and taxation system. Its implementation is expected to enhance transparency and accountability of Islamic banks, thereby strengthening the broader Islamic economy in both nations, with long-term improvements in operational efficiency and fiscal compliance.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how GCG influences the way that CSR and the use of Green Accounting affect the financial performance of mining sector businesses that are listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2020-2022 period. Based on the documentation method, a data collection technique that involves gathering yearly reports and sustainability reports about 150 samples from 50 mining sector enterprises that satisfied the research criteria were acquired. Purposive sampling is a data analysis technique used in this study. Using the IBM SPSS software, Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) was the analysis method employed in this study. This study’s findings demonstrate that financial performance benefits from CSR and green accounting, and that GCG can increase these factor’s impact.

This study aims to portray the state of the church and Christian society in the Middle East during the Umayyad and Abbasid eras using portraits from Christian sources. This is based on the fact that the narratives commonly found about Muslim-Christian relations during the Islamic state are dominated by history from the perspective of the rulers/conquerors, namely Muslims. This study is a literature study using primary references from literature originating from Christian communities in the Middle East. The results of this study show that the relationship between Muslims and Christians experienced dynamics and ups and downs. Although the various descriptions above are largely based on non-Muslim sources, in fact not all of them view Muslim-Christian relations negatively during the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties. One thing that needs to be underlined is that the various policies of the rulers towards non-Muslims, especially Christians, were influenced by many things and did not have a single factor solely because of theological differences. Economic factors, political factors, and social factors are factors that are considered in the differences in policies towards Christian communities.

Learning motivation is important to encourage students to do learning activities. With good learning motivation, students will be able to face learning challenges and successfully achieve learning goals. However, the fact is that 24 students of class XII in one of the schools in Tangerang have low learning motivation. One of the reasons is because the learning method used does not provide space for students to learn according to their diverse characteristics. To overcome this problem, the author applied differentiated learning. Students are unique images of God. They are given different talents by God so they need to be served according to their needs in order to develop and use their talents for the glory of God. The purpose of this study is to examine the implementation of differentiated learning according to the Merdeka Curriculum to develop student learning motivation in mathematics learning on the topic of statistics. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that the implementation of differentiated learning according to the Merdeka Curriculum can develop student learning motivation by fulfilling the four indicators of learning motivation through the stages of mapping student needs, planning differentiated learning, implementing differentiated learning, and evaluation and reflection. BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Motivasi belajar penting untuk mendorong siswa melakukan kegiatan belajar. Dengan motivasi belajar yang baik, siswa akan mampu menghadapi tantangan pembelajaran dan berhasil mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Namun, faktanya 24 siswa kelas XII di salah satu sekolah di Tangerang memiliki motivasi belajar yang rendah. Salah satu penyebabnya karena metode pembelajaran yang digunakan tidak memberi ruang kepada siswa untuk belajar sesuai dengan karakteristiknya yang beragam. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, peneliti menerapkan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi. Siswa merupakan gambar Allah yang unik. Mereka diberi talenta yang berbeda-beda oleh Allah sehingga siswa perlu dilayani sesuai kebutuhannya supaya dapat mengembangkan dan menggunakan talentanya untuk kemuliaan Allah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan penerapan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi menurut Kurikulum Merdeka untuk mengembangkan motivasi belajar siswa pada pembelajaran matematika dengan topik statistika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi menurut Kurikulum Merdeka dapat mengembangkan motivasi belajar siswa dengan terpenuhinya keempat indikator motivasi belajar melalui tahap memetakan kebutuhan siswa, merencanakan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi, melaksanakan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi, serta evaluasi dan refleksi.

Background: Mistletoe is an herb that grows on duku plants (Lancium demosticum) and is known as benalu duku (BD) in Indonesia. It is predicted to have benefits such as anticancer or antiviral properties, and it is also thought to have anti-diabetic pharmacological activity. Quercetin-like compounds (QLCs) are secondary metabolites with antidiabetic activity that are expected to lower blood sugar levels in animals after oral administration.Objective: This study aimed to analyze the ability of QLCs to reduce random blood sugar levels using experimental animals as clinical models.Material and methods: The research method used was exploratory, which used a before–after test model, and observations were made on the random blood sugar levels after treatment. Secondary metabolites were extracted from BD leaves, which were then screened. Diabetes was induced in 30 rats (Rattus norvegicus) by the administration of streptozotocin at 0.045 mg/g body weight daily for 2 days. The antidiabetic effects of the secondary metabolite at doses of 0.5 mg/kg body weight (twice a day) when administered orally for up to 5 days were tested in diabetic rats. The random sugar levels (mg/dL) were measured using a One Touch Ultra Plus medical device for observation of randomized blood sugar levels. Results and novelty: The results revealed that the secondary metabolite, as an analyte from the BD leaf extract, can significantly reduce random blood sugar levels.Conclusion: The secondary metabolite extracted from BD, could be used to treat diabetes in rats.

Background: Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that impacts behavior, emotions, and communication. In recent years, atypical antipsychotics have been increasingly prescribed because they significantly reduce both positive and negative symptoms. However, the long-term effects of atypical can cause metabolic syndrome. Additional therapy is provided to maximize the primary therapy and reduce the side effects. Method: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a single-blind, pretest-posttest approach. Patients who had been using atypical antipsychotics, either monotherapy or combination therapy, for more than 3 were examined pretest to determine metabolic syndrome levels. Group A received adjuvant therapy, while Group B did not receive adjuvant therapy. Based on this data, an analysis of the reduction in metabolic syndrome categories was conducted. Result: The percentage of schizophrenia patients by gender was dominated by males (60%). By age, the majority were adults (87%). In Group A, the incidence of metabolic syndrome decreased from 53% in the pretest to 40% in the posttest after being given vitamin A, B, and folic acid therapy. The most commonly used other medication was THP (38%). Conclusion: The administration of adjuvant therapy with vitamins A, B, E, and folic acid can reduce the value of one or two of the five metabolic syndrome criteria for schizophrenia patients (p = 0.052) compared to the group of patients who did not receive vitamins A, B, E, and folic acid adjuvant therapy. Future research should use a longer duration to observe the effects of vitamins A, B, E, and folic acid and evaluate their therapeutic doses. Additionally, it should narrow down the criteria for medication use, focusing solely on the atypical antipsychotic’s clozapine or olanzapine.

Slug flow is a common phenomenon in closed pipes, occurring in two-phase flow where liquid and gas phases mix, impacting the custody transfer or the efficiency of chemical reactions. This study aims to detect and analyze slug flow film thickness in two-phase flow, providing detailed structural flow information. The ultrasonic or Doppler reflection method is employed to identify slug flow and detect detailed thickness. Additionally, electrical resistance tomography (ERT) is used to image and confirm the presence of slug flow. A high-speed camera records the slug flow's shape in real time, validating its existence. The ultrasonic reflection method offers high accuracy, with a measurement error rate of less than 1% based on experimental results. The study uses a homogeneous block calibration method to measure slug flow thickness. Graphical results reveal clear differences between the slug flow regime, inner pipe wall, and outer pipe wall, with the first echo of slug flow being easily observable. The accuracy of results is attributed to the combination of FPGA (Field-Programmable-Gate-Array) instruments and measurement methods, showcasing the study's novel approach. This research introduces a new perspective or novelty on slug flow in multiphase flow studies, highlighting an innovative method for detecting film thickness.

Plaosan Temple is a relic of the Hindu Mataram Kingdom under the leadership of King Rakai Pikatan. The uniqueness of Plaosan Temple in addition to combining two religious elements is the many ornaments or reliefs found on the temple walls. These reliefs were explored and became the source of batik motif ideas in the Menggala Literature fashion collection. This study aims to create casual clothing with motif inspiration from the Plaosan temple and is done by writing batik using natural dyes and knowing respondents' opinions about the products made. The method used in this study is the research and development method (Research and Development) with the steps of Planning, Production, and Evaluation (PPE). Data collection techniques use observation, documentation, experiments, and questionnaires with a sample of 132 respondents. The results of the study were the creation of 4 casual clothes with 4 motif names, namely: Rona Menggala, Arca Menggala, Kicau Menggala, and Stupa Menggala. The clothes most liked by respondents were clothes with Rona Menggala motifs. While the results of the exploration of natural dyes secang wood and cinnamon with alum and quicklime fixation produce a brownish-orange color that resembles the color of terracotta.

Indonesia is one of the countries with a very high level of biodiversity. West Kalimantan is one of the provinces with the highest level of biodiversity in Indonesia. One form of biodiversity found in West Kalimantan's forests is bintangur (Calophyllum spp.). The very high diversity of bintangur species is fascinating to be utilized as a source of learning biology, especially in the material of biodiversity and their interactions and roles. This study aimed to analyze the potential of bintangur diversity in West Kalimantan as a biology learning resource on the material of biodiversity and their interactions and roles in senior high school. This research uses the qualitative method. This research consists of two stages. The first stage is a literature review to find information related to bintangur species in West Kalimantan. In contrast, the second stage is an analysis of learning resource requirements based on the results of the literature review that has been carried out. The results of the literature review stage show that there are 27 species of bintangur in West Kalimantan, as well as their classification, main characteristics, habitats, and values to the environment and other organisms. The literature review stage results are then continued to the learning resources analysis. Six requirements must be met for learning resources: clarity of the potential availability of objects and problems raised, suitability for learning objectives, clarity of targets and their designation, clarity of information disclosed, clarity of exploration guidelines, and clarity of the results to be achieved. The analysis of learning resource requirements that have been carried out shows that the diversity of bintangur species in West Kalimantan meets the requirements of learning resources so that it can be utilized as a biology learning resource on the material of biodiversity and their interactions and roles in senior high school.

Isolator tegangan tinggi memainkan peran penting dalam memastikan keamanan sistem listrik yang beroperasi pada tegangan tinggi. Isolator memiliki fungsi sebagai pemisah tegangan antara konduktor fase dan konduktor fase lainnya dan juga antara konduktor fase dengan ground. Dalam perancangan sistem tenaga listrik, basic insulation level (BIL) tidak dapat diabaikan. BIL merupakan batas operasional tegangan maksimum sebelum isolator mengalami flashover. Selain harus mampu menahan tegangan, isolator juga harus mampu menahan kondisi lingkungan, seperti suhu, kelembapan, dan polusi, yang dapat memengaruhi kinerja isolator. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pengujian untuk melihat kinerja isolator kaca bekas PLTU Adipala ketika dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan dan dibandingkan dengan nilai BIL. Pengujian dilakukan dengan empat skema, yaitu pengujian dalam kondisi baik, pengujian dengan kondisi basah, pengujian dengan kondisi diberikan polutan, dan pengujian dengan kondisi ketika isolator dengan polutan berada pada kondisi lembap. Berdasarkan pengujian, didapatkan hasil bahwa kondisi yang sangat memengaruhi kinerja isolator adalah kondisi basah dan juga kondisi berpolutan dan lembap. Pada kondisi isolator bersih yang terkena hujan, penurunan kinerja isolator sebesar 19% sampai 25%, sedangkan pada kondisi diberikan polutan dengan equivalent salt deposit density (ESDD) 0,113816 mg/cm2 dan non-soluble deposit density (NSDD) 1,309962 mg/cm2 serta berada pada kelembapan 90%, terjadi penurunan kinerja sebesar 41% hingga 53%. Penurunan yang sangat signifikan ini tentunya mengakibatkan kinerja isolator berada jauh di bawah standar BIL.

Background Febrile seizure (FS) is the most common convulsion disorder without an intracranial abnormality in children aged 6 months to 5 years. Risk factors for FS vary from maternal illness during pregnancy to pediatric nutritional factors, such as micronutrient deficiency or history of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). The WHO recommends breastfeeding for up to 6 months because breastmilk contains numerous protective factors that may influence immune system development. Objective To analyze the relationship between FS and EBF and other potential risk factors in children aged 6-60 months. Methods This paired case-control study used patient medical record data from Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar from 2019-2020. Subjects were included by a purposive sampling technique, matched by age group. Children aged 6 to 60 months with fever >38oC and seizures were allocated to the case group; those with fever but without seizures were allocated to the control group. Patients with intracranial disorders, born prematurely, or with incomplete medical record data were excluded. Data were analyzed using McNemar test, with P values

Latar Belakang: Masalah gizi anak masih menjadi isu kesehatan yang perlu diperhatikan, salah satunya stunting sebagai prioritas negara. Data Survei Status Gizi Indonesia menunjukkan kenaikan prevalensi stunting di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) dari 31,4% (2021) menjadi 32,7% (2022). Lembaga Dompet Dhuafa memiliki Program Kawasan Sehat yang membantu pemerintah dalam membangun pola hidup sehat masyarakat khususnya pencegahan stunting. Tujuan: Mengevaluasi Program Kawasan Sehat dalam upaya pencegahan dan penanganan stunting di wilayah Layanan Kesehatan Cuma-Cuma NTB. Metode: Penelitian evaluatif ini menggunakan metode campuran. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan telaah dokumen. Informan dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data kualitatif dilakukan dengan tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Data kuantitatif dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk melihat prevalensi stunting dan capaian indikator program. Hasil: Program Kawasan Sehat berkontribusi dalam upaya pencegahan dan penanganan stunting. Komponen input pada program tersebut mampu mendorong program berjalan dengan baik, dimana SDM dan anggaran tercukupi dengan adanya kemitraan. Komponen proses berjalan dengan sistematis mulai dari perencanaan yang melibatkan stakeholder, pelaksanaan dengan gabungan metode pemberdayaan masyarakat dan charity, serta pengawasan. Berbagai intervensi dilakukan mulai dari pendampingan ibu hamil, ibu menyusui, bayi dan balita. Keberhasihan output terlihat dari adanya penurunan prevalensi stunting di kawasan sehat NTB dan ketercapaian indikator program. Kesimpulan: Keseluruhan program kawasan sehat terkait intervensi stunting sudah dapat dikatakan berhasil (input, proses, output). Penguatan pemberdayaan masyarakat harus selalu dilakukan sebagai upaya membiasakan masyarakat berperilaku hidup bersih dan sehat.

Background: Dental and oral health education is conducted with the aim of changing the habits of a person, group of people, or society so they can gain knowledge, attitudes, and habits to behave in a healthy way in the field of dental and oral health. Elementary school age is the right time for teachers to introduce and instill healthy living habits. A dental and oral health education for Little Doctor students is assumed to help improve the dental and oral health of other students, teachers, and other staff of the school, as well as the people around the student outside of school. Purpose: To describe the effect of interactive dental health education on knowledge improvement. Methods: This study’s sample size was 31 Little Doctor students in the third through sixth grades. The activity in general adopted two-way communication; interactive speaking was performed to stimulate the students attentiveness to the topics, allowing students to engage with the speakers. To assess the students’ knowledge level of oral and dental health, a pre-test questionnaire was filled out prior to starting, and the same questionnaire was filled out as a post-test after completing all the agenda. Results: There were significant differences between pre-test and post-test results (P-value < 0.05), with the mean rank of the post-test group (45.56%) being significantly higher than the pre-test group (17.44%). Conclusion: The interactive education method in elementary school was found to be efficacious and more preferable as it matches the level of growth and development in school-age children.

Abstract Introduction Lignin is a promising resource for obtaining aromatic materials, however, its heterogeneous structure poses a challenge for effective utilization. One approach to produce homogeneous aromatic materials from lignin involves the application of microbial catabolism, which is gaining attention. This current study focused on constructing a catabolic pathway in Pseudomonas sp. NGC7 to produce vanillate (VA) from aromatic compounds derived from the chemical depolymerization of sulfite lignin. Results Alkaline oxidation of sulfite lignin was performed using a hydroxide nanorod copper foam [Cu(OH)2/CF]-equipped flow reactor. The flow reactor operated continuously for 50 h without clogging and it yielded a sulfite lignin stream containing acetovanillone (AV), vanillin (VN), and VA as the major aromatic monomers. The catabolic pathway of Pseudomonas sp. NGC7 was optimized to maximize VA production from aromatic monomers in the sulfite lignin stream derived from this oxidation process. Pseudomonas sp. NGC7 possesses four gene sets for vanillate O-demethylase, comprising the oxygenase component (vanA) and its oxidoreductase component (vanB). Among these, the vanA4B4 gene set was identified as the key contributor to VA catabolism. To facilitate the conversion of AV to VA, AV-converting enzyme genes from Sphingobium lignivorans SYK-6 were introduced. The ΔvanA4B4 strain, harboring these AV-converting genes, produced VA from the sulfite lignin stream with 91 mol%. Further disruption of vanA1B1, vanA2B2, vanA3B3, and a vanillin reductase gene, in addition to vanA4B4, and introduction of a 5-carboxyvanillate decarboxylase gene from S. lignivorans SYK-6 to utilize 5-carboxyvanillin and 5-carboxyvanillate from the sulfite lignin stream for VA production achieved a VA yield of 103 mol%. Conclusion Developing methods to overcome lignin heterogeneity is essential for its use as a raw material. Consolidating continuous alkaline oxidation of lignin in a Cu(OH)2/CF-packed flow reactor and biological funneling using an engineered catabolic pathway of Pseudomonas sp. NGC7 is a promising approach to produce VA for aromatic materials synthesis. NGC7 possesses a higher adaptability to various aromatic compounds generated from the alkaline oxidation of lignin and its natural ability to grow on p-hydroxyphenyl, guaiacyl, and syringyl compounds underscores its potential as a bacterial chassis for VA production from a wide range of lignin-derived aromatic compounds. Graphical Abstract

Background and Aim: Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is highly contagious in cloven-hoofed animals, and it causes outbreaks in Indonesia and several countries worldwide. This disease is caused by the FMD virus (FMDV), which belongs to the genus Aphthovirus and family Picornaviridae. In 1990, the World Organization for Animal Health Office International des Epizooties recognized Indonesia as an FMD-free country. A new FMDV outbreak in Indonesia was reported in April 2022 and confirmed in May 2022, resulting in economic losses to the beef cattle sector. This study aimed to determine the genotype and amino acid content of viral proteins (VP1) gene. Materials and Methods: Samples were obtained from vesicle swabs from the mouth and feet of cattle in Banyuwangi Regency, Lamongan Regency, and Surabaya City, East Java, Indonesia. Samples were identified using one-step reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction with a pair of specific primers encoding the VP1O serotype with a target of 1165 bp. Results: Sequencing revealed that the FMDV subtype belonged to the O/ME-SA/Ind2001e. Phylogenetic analysis showed that our isolate was 100% amino acid-identical to the Indonesian outbreak isolates from 2022 and 95% identical to isolates from Southeast Asia. The amino acid substitutions found in the G-H Loop of the VP1were S134C, D138E, T140A, and A156T. Only the K135Q mutation was detected in Lamongan. Conclusion: The spread of the subtype O/ME-SA/Ind2001e in South-east Asia caused an outbreak in Indonesia due to less stringent animal traffic control measures. Surveillance studies and whole-genome sequence analyses are important for monitoring FMDV genetics in Indonesia.

Abstract This research explores the enhancement of polyethersulfone (PES) membranes through the incorporation of chitosan derived from the lignicolous fungus Ganoderma sp. Utilizing wet phase inversion and solution casting techniques, chitosan was successfully integrated into the PES matrix, as confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), which indicated a high deacetylation degree of 75.7%. The incorporation of chitosan significantly increased the membrane hydrophilicity, as evidenced by a reduction in the water contact angle and a substantial improvement in pure water permeability, from 17.9 L m-2 h-1 bar-1 to 27.3 L m-2 h-1 bar-1. The membrane anti-fouling properties were also notably enhanced, with the Flux Recovery Ratio (FRR) increasing from approximately 60–80%. Moreover, the chitosan-modified PES/CS membrane, particularly at a 5% chitosan concentration, demonstrated exceptional efficacy in pollutant removal, achieving over 90% elimination of total suspended solids, cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb), alongside a 79% reduction in color during the treatment of textile wastewater.

Latar Belakang: Pembakaran jerami padi yang secara massif dilakukan membuat pencemaran udara. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan jerami padi sebagai pakan ternak dengan teknologi amoniasi (amofer) secara tidak langsung terhadap lama pemeraman. Metode: Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di laboratorium MIPA Universitas Almuslim dan LAB BSPJI Banda Aceh, berlangsung selama 01 Juni - 23 Agustus 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan limbah jerami padi. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode fermentasi dan amoniasi yang dilakukan secara bersamaan (direct) dan metode amoniasi selama 7 hari, kemudian dilakukan fermentasi (indirect). Rancangan yang digunakan adalah RAL yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan penelitian ini terdiri dari P0 (Kontrol/ tanpa perlakuan), P1 (7 hari pemeraman), P2 (14 hari pemeraman) dan P3 (21 hari pemeraman). Parameter yang diamati meliputi kadar Protein Kasar dan Lemak Kasar dengan menggunakan metode analisis proksimat. Data dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam (Analysis of Variance/ ANOVA). Hasil: Rerata nilai persentase protein kasar yang diperoleh dari metode direct dan indirect diperoleh nilai tertinggi pada perlakuan P3 yaitu 11,12% dan 7,14%, sedangkan nilai terendah pada perlakuan P0 yaitu 7,92% dan 4,86%. Rerata nilai persentase lemak kasar yang diperoleh dari metode metode direct dan indirect diperoleh nilai tertinggi pada perlakuan P3 yaitu 1,71% dan 1,51%, sedang nilai terendah pada perlakuan P0 yaitu 1,09% dan 1,44%. Kesimpulan: Dari hasil di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa amofer jerami padi secara indirect berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap kadar Protein Kasar.

After the enactment of Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages, the authority given to Village Governments became wider in managing their own households. This increasingly broad authority allows villages to receive funding channels from the Central Government called Village Funds. In managing these funds, the government has regulated it in Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 20 of 2018. This research aims to find out the role of village officials in accountability for managing village funds in Sumurgayam Village, Paciran District, Lamongan Regency, whether it is in accordance with Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 20 of 2018. The type of research used in this research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The data used in this research is primary data in the form of interviews with village officials, namely the Village Head, Village Secretary, Village Treasurer, BPD, Hamlet Head and several Sumurgayam Village residents. The secondary data used by researchers is in the form of village archives, namely the RPJMDesa village profile and the Village Fund Budget Realization Report. The results of this research show that Sumurgayam village officials have played a role in accordance with Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 20 of 2018 starting from planning, implementation, administration, reporting, accountability to coaching and supervision. Accountability for managing village funds is in accordance with Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 20 of 2018, but in the process there are still village officials who do not understand some of their duties. Transparency in the management of Sumurgayam village funds has been fulfilled even though there are still people who do not understand its function.

(1) Background: This study aims to investigate differences in the perspectives of healthcare professionals (HCPs) and adults with spinal cord injury (SCI) on resistance exercise intensity in Asian countries in association with knowledge translation (KT). Also, it verifies the appropriateness of the conventional indicators for resistance exercise intensity in an Asian context. (2) Methods: 121 certified HCPs and 107 adults with SCI participated in a survey conducted in Indonesian, Japanese, Korean and Thai languages. The survey asked what principles are important for prescribing resistance exercise, and if ‘moderate’ and ‘vigorous’ were appropriate terms for indicating an intensity level. Perspective differences were examined between both groups and, further, between countries from a psychosocial perspective. (3) Results: Of the HCPs, 92% perceived that resistance exercise intensity was far more important than frequency, time or type of exercise while frequency (61%) followed by intensity (58%) was perceived as important by respondents with SCI. Only Japanese respondents with SCI agreed with the HCPs’ perception of intensity. Both HCPs and respondents with SCI showed unfavorable responses to the usage of ‘moderate’ and ‘vigorous’ for describing resistance exercise intensity, especially Japanese HCPs and respondents with SCI from Indonesia. (4) Conclusions: Our findings suggest that non-HCPs must improve their perceptions of exercise intensity. Our findings also suggest the need for more explicit and user-friendly terms or expressions indicating the level of intensity in a local (Asian) context.

Increased understanding of a balanced diet, the role of economic factors, and the importance of hemoglobin levels are essential for improving students' physical fitness. This research aims to determine the influence of food patterns, economic factors, and hemoglobin on students' physical fitness. The research method uses quantitative survey methods and path analysis. The sample involved 58 adolescent students selected through simple random sampling. Data collection included a closed questionnaire on diet and economic factors, BMI measurements based on age and gender norms, physical fitness tests using the Nusantara Student Fitness Test, and hemoglobin level assessments according to WHO standards. The data analysis employed normality and homogeneity tests, with t-tests to determine variable effects using SPSS 25. The results concluded that dietary patterns and economic factors significantly influence hemoglobin, with p-values of 0.041 and 0.028. The R Square value of 0.427 indicates that these factors explain 42.7% of hemoglobin variability. The variables of diet, economic factors, and hemoglobin were significant to physical fitness, with p-values of 0.044, 0.000, and 0.006, respectively. The R Square value of 0.724 indicates that these three variables can explain 72.4% of the variability in physical fitness. This study contributes to demonstrating the impacts of diet, economic factors, and hemoglobin on students' physical fitness. Path analysis clarifies the relationships between these variables, while comprehensive fitness assessments provide insights into hemoglobin's impact on performance.

Plantago major L. (Plantaginaceae) contains bioactive phytochemicals supporting its wide array of pharmacological activities. Aucubin, a bioactive iridoid glycoside found in P. major, has been used as a marker substance for quality control. This study’s objective was to assess the efficacy of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) on P. major leaf extracts based on the aucubin level. The response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to investigate the impact of process parameters on the UAE. The compound’s studies were developed and validated by the utilization of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array (HPLC-PDA). Four independent variables were studied: extraction temperature (°C), extraction time, ethanol concentration (%), and ratio of solute to solvent. The analytical method used HPLC-PDA to quantify the aucubin content as the dependent variable. The study’s findings indicate that the most favorable conditions for UAE were attained at a temperature of 20°C for 20 min, an ethanol concentration of 25%, and a ratio of 1:5 g/mL. The HPLC-PDA approach that has been verified demonstrates its efficacy as a technique for quantifying the concentration of aucubin in the extract of P. major leaves. The obtained experimental values (5.736% mg/g) for the aucubin content, under the optimal conditions of UAE, exhibited a satisfactory level of concurrence with the values predicted by the RSM (5.774% mg/g). This finding showed that UAE and RSM can be developed as an efficient extraction method for P. major leaves.

Indonesia, as the country with the largest Muslim population globally, faces challenges in implementing religious moderation to maintain harmony and peace amidst diversity. One such challenge is the rejection of constructing non-Muslim places of worship in several regions, indicating ongoing resistance to religious pluralism. This study aims to analyze Quranic verses related to religious moderation and the construction of non-Muslim places of worship through a comparative study between Tafsir Al-Azhar by Buya Hamka and Tafsir Juz 'Amma by Firanda Andirja, focusing on Surah Al-Hajj verse 40, Al-Baqarah verse 256, Al-An'am verse 108, and Al-Kafirun verses 1–6. The research employs a qualitative method with a literature study approach, analyzing the interpretations of both scholars on these verses. The findings indicate that Buya Hamka in Tafsir Al-Azhar*emphasizes the importance of tolerance and respecting the rights of non-Muslims to worship and build places of worship, while affirming that there is no compromise in matters of faith and monotheism. In contrast, Firanda Andirja in Tafsir Juz 'Amma emphasizes a stance of disengagement regarding the welfare of non-Muslims and tends not to support the construction of non-Muslim places of worship, although still advocating for tolerance. Abstrak: Indonesia, sebagai negara dengan populasi Muslim terbesar di dunia, menghadapi tantangan dalam menerapkan moderasi beragama untuk menjaga kerukunan dan perdamaian di tengah keberagaman. Salah satu tantangan tersebut adalah penolakan terhadap pembangunan tempat ibadah non-Muslim di beberapa wilayah, yang menunjukkan masih adanya resistensi terhadap pluralitas agama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an terkait moderasi beragama dan pembangunan tempat ibadah non-Muslim melalui studi komparatif antara Tafsir Al-Azhar karya Buya Hamka dan Tafsir Juz 'Amma karya Firanda Andirja, dengan fokus pada Surah Al-Hajj ayat 40, Al-Baqarah ayat 256, Al-An'am ayat 108, dan Al-Kafirun ayat 1–6. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, menganalisis penafsiran kedua mufasir terhadap ayat-ayat tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Buya Hamka dalam Tafsir Al-Azhar menekankan pentingnya toleransi dan menghargai hak non-Muslim untuk beribadah dan mendirikan tempat ibadah, sambil tetap menegaskan bahwa dalam akidah dan tauhid tidak ada kompromi. Sementara itu, Firanda Andirja dalam Tafsir Juz 'Amma lebih menekankan sikap berlepas diri dalam hal kemaslahatan non-Muslim dan cenderung tidak mendukung pembangunan tempat ibadah non-Muslim, meskipun tetap menganjurkan sikap toleransi.

The research carried out aims to see how the problem-based learning model with outdoor study influences students' science learning outcomes compared to conventional learning models. The population of this research was 98 students of SMPN 12 Tanjung Jabung Timur, while the sample was 26 students of class VII A and 25 students of class VII B, taken using a purposive sampling technique where class VII A was the experimental class and class VI B as a control class. This research is quantitative research using a quasi-experimental method with non-equivalent control group design. The data collection technique used in this research was a multiple choice test and analyzed using the t-test to see differences in learning outcomes with two different learning models. Based on the results of tests carried out with 20 multiple choice questions, researchers found that there were striking differences in learning outcomes where the average posttest score for experimental class students was 60 while the control class was 39.8, which was then analyzed through paired difference tests (t-test) for looked at the differences and obtained results of 0.000 < 0.05, which means Ha was accepted and H0 was rejected, which can be concluded that there are differences in student learning outcomes who use the problem-based learning model with outdoor study compared to the control class which in this case uses the conventional model. The findings obtained can strengthen evidence that the influence caused by the use of a problem-based learning model with outdoor study on the science learning outcomes of high school students is very good.

Abstract The release rate of CO2 gas can be influenced by peatlands’ physical properties, such as water level and soil moisture, and rainfall. To anticipate the unstable condition which is when the peatland emit more carbon, we developed the Generalized Space Time Autoregressive (GSTAR) model in predicting these physical properties for the following weeks. As the innovation in modelling, the spatial weight matrix was based on three-dimensional coordinates with a modification on the height factor. The data we used are real-time data of water level on the peatlands in Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan Province from 20 February 2021 to 18 March 2023. We then used Ordinary Kriging interpolation on the prediction results to create contour maps on different dates. There were empty data on several dates, especially from 24 March until 3 August 2022. To fill the empty data, we used linear interpolation and then we added white noise to the interpolation results. From the data, the water level has a downward trend pattern from around November to September and an upward trend pattern from October to November. Furthermore, we found that the best model for water level was GSTAR (2;0.1) with a modified matrix $$a=0.1$$ a = 0.1 and $$b=1.1$$ b = 1.1 . Based on the predicted water level, there is a risk of changes in the properties of the peatlands in several areas in Pulang Pisau Regency.

ABSTRAK: Kehadiran kembali perempuan dalam pemberitaan politik di instagram selalu menjadi pembahasan yang populer. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan apa saja bentuk jenis-jenis representasi yang digunakan dalam pemberitaan dan pola bahasa yang terbentuk dari kolom deskripsi pemberitaan Puan Maharani dan Megawati Soekarnoputri di Instagram. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik literature (dibacam ditandai, dan dicatat) dipergunakan untuk mengumpulkan data. Sumber data diambil dari kolom deskripsi yang terdapat pada unggahan instagram berisi pemberitaan Puan Maharani dan Megawati Soekarnoputri di akun resmi media sosial instagram Kompas.com. Hasil penelitian ini kalimat dalam pemberitaan yang dianalisis menggunakan ilmu analisis wacana kritis Sara Mills yang dibagi menjadi 3 posisi, yaitu : posisi subjek-objek, posisi pembaca, dan posisi media. Selain itu, ditemukan 25 data yang masing-masing dikategorikan ke dalam berbagai jenis representasi seperti representasi nama, representasi kata ganti, representasi jabatan, dan representasi kekerabatan. KATA KUNCI: Representasi Perempuan; Sara Mills; analisis wacana kritis Women's Representation in Puan Megawati's News on Instagram (Critical discourse analysis Sara Mills) ABSTRACT: The reappearance of women in political reporting on Instagram has always been a popular topic of discussion. The aim of this research is to explain the types of representation used in reporting and the language patterns formed from the description column of Puan Maharani and Megawati Soekarnoputri's reporting on Instagram. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. Literature techniques (read, marked and recorded) were used to collect data. The data source was taken from the description column contained in the Instagram upload containing news about Puan Maharani and Megawati Soekarnoputri on the official Instagram social media account Kompas.com. The results of this research are sentences in the news that are analyzed using Sara Mills' critical discourse analysis science which is divided into 3 positions, namely: subject-object position, reader position, and media position. In addition, 25 data were found, each of which was categorized into various types of representation such as name representation, pronoun representation, position representation, and kinship representation. KEYWORDS: women representation; Sara Mills; political discourse, Critical Discourse Analysis

Abstrak: Peningkatan permasalahan sungai semakin kompleks memerlukan pembelajaran kontekstual yang dapat mengaitkan pembelajaran pada isu-isu lingkungan nyata dan relevan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan kesadaran ekologis diri siswa melalui Environmental-Oriented Problem-Based Learning (EoPBL) berdasarkan indikator variabel dan jenis kelamin siswa. Jenis penelitian quasi experimental melibatkan siswa kelas X3 dan X5 di SMA Islam Kepanjen, Kabupaten Malang, Indonesia. Pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan kuesioner untuk menilai kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan kesadaran ekologis diri. Hasil penelitian bahwa uji non parametrik Mann-Whitney U menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada kemampuan pemecahan masalah (sig. (2-tailed) = 0.000 < 0.05) dan kesadaran ekologis diri (sig. (2-tailed) = 0.002 < 0.05) antara kelas eksperimen dan kontrol. Namun, tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam kemampuan pemecahan masalah (sig. (2-tailed) = p > 0.05) dan kesadaran ekologis diri (sig. (2-tailed) = p > 0.05) berdasarkan jenis kelamin pada kelompok eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Implementasi model EoPBL memberikan perbedaan signifikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan kesadaran ekologis siswa kelas eksperimen, nilai rata-rata indikator variabel 90.16 dan 79.14 lebih tinggi dibandingkan siswa kelas kontrol 68.45 dan 70.92 yang menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional. Perbedaan jenis kelamin siswa mempengaruhi tidak adanya perbedaan signifikan antara siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan. Abstract: Increasingly complex river problems require contextual learning that can link learning to real and relevant environmental issues. This study aims to determine the differences in problem solving skills and ecological self-awareness of students through Environmental-Oriented Problem-Based Learning (EoPBL) based on variable indicators and student gender. The quasi-experimental study involved students from classes X-3 and X-5 at Kepanjen Islamic High School in Malang Regency, Indonesia. Data were collected using tests and questionnaires to assess problem-solving and self-ecological awareness abilities. The results showed that the Mann-Whitney U non-parametric test showed a significant difference in problem solving ability (sig. (2-tailed) = 0.000 < 0.05) and self-ecological awareness (sig. (2-tailed) = 0.002 < 0.05) between the experimental and control classes. However, there were no significant differences in problem-solving abilities (sig. (2-tailed) = p > 0.05) and self-ecological awareness (sig. (2-tailed) = p > 0.05) based on gender within the experimental and control classes. The implementation of the EoPBL model provides a significant difference in the problem solving ability and ecological awareness of experimental class students, the average value of variable indicators 90.16 and 79.14 is higher than the control class students 68.45 and 70.92 who use conventional learning models. The difference in student gender affects the absence of significant differences between male students and female students.

This study examines the characteristics, role of social media, and self-esteem of victims in cyberbullying cases in Indonesia, motivated by the growing phenomenon of bullying behavior on social media platforms. The research aims to analyze how these characteristics and the social environment influence the self-esteem of cyberbullying victims. The study employed a qualitative descriptive method, using purposive sampling to select 20 informants who have experienced cyberbullying, including children, adolescents, and adults in Bandung. Data were collected through in-depth interviews. The findings indicate that cyberbullying negatively impacts victims' self-esteem, leading to trauma, social isolation, and reduced confidence. This lack of self-esteem is influenced by the anonymity of perpetrators and the rapid spread of harmful content. The study also highlights that gender, age, and social environment significantly shape the victims' experiences. Negative emotional turmoil is a major reason for perpetrators to engage in cyberbullying. The results suggest that early prevention and intervention from parents or guardians are crucial. Families should prioritize creating a supportive environment to enhance the resilience of children exposed to cyberbullying. These insights can contribute to developing more effective strategies to reduce the impact of cyberbullying on victims. Keywords: cyberbullying, social media, self-esteem. Abstrak Penelitian ini mengkaji karakteristik, peran media sosial, dan harga diri (self-esteem) korban dalam kasus cyberbullying di Indonesia, yang dilatarbelakangi oleh meningkatnya fenomena perilaku perundungan di media sosial. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana karakteristik dan lingkungan sosial mempengaruhi harga diri korban cyberbullying. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, dengan pemilihan 20 informan yang pernah menjadi korban cyberbullying melalui teknik purposive sampling, mencakup anak-anak, remaja, dan dewasa di Kota Bandung. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cyberbullying berdampak negatif pada harga diri korban, menyebabkan trauma, isolasi sosial, dan penurunan rasa percaya diri. Rendahnya harga diri ini dipengaruhi oleh anonimitas pelaku dan penyebaran informasi yang cepat. Penelitian juga menemukan bahwa jenis kelamin, usia, dan lingkungan sosial memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pengalaman korban. Gejolak emosi negatif menjadi alasan utama pelaku melakukan cyberbullying. Hasil ini mengindikasikan pentingnya pencegahan dan intervensi dini dari orang tua atau wali. Keluarga harus menciptakan lingkungan yang mendukung untuk meningkatkan ketahanan anak yang mengalami cyberbullying. Temuan ini dapat berkontribusi pada pengembangan strategi yang lebih efektif untuk mengurangi dampak negatif cyberbullying terhadap korban. Kata Kunci: cyberbullying, media sosial, self-esteem.