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Objective:A few studies suggest that mucinous breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare breast carcinoma with good prognostic features. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate biological features and clinicopathological characteristics of pure mucinous breast carcinoma (PMBC) to determine clinical outcome in PMBC.Materials and Methods:The data of 87 patients diagnosed with PMBC between November 2004 and February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed in terms of clinicopathological and demographic characteristics, management, and outcome.Results:The majority of the patients in this study were female, with a median (range) age of 63 (28–90) years. Out of 87 patients, 60 had breast conserving surgery, 27 had a mastectomy, 58 had sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), and 24 had axillary dissection due to a positive SLNB or clinical axilla. Due to age and comorbidities, five patients were not suitable for axillary surgery. The median largest tumor diameter was 23 (5–100) mm. Only 23 patients (26.4%) received adjuvant chemotherapy, whereas almost all patients received hormone therapy. The median duration of follow-up was 53 (6–207) months. There was no local or systemic recurrence in any of the patients. Only 10 patients (11.5%) died from non-cancer causes during the follow-up and treatment period. In this study, tumor diameter was significantly higher in grade II/III tumors (p = 0.039) and in patients under the age of 50 (p = 0.027). Furthermore, lymph node metastasis was statistically significantly more likely in patients under the age of 50 (60% versus 40%, p = 0.013). Patients who had not received chemotherapy or radiotherapy tended to be older than 50 years (p = 0.002).Conclusion:In this study, the majority of patients were in the luminal subgroups with excellent prognosis and low incidences of lymph node metastasis. As a result, PMBC has favorable tumor biology. We believe that minimal axillary surgery would be the most appropriate approach during patient treatment, due to the low rate of lymph node involvement and favorable prognosis in PMBC patients.

Aim: Demand for nipple- and skin- sparing mastectomy (NSM/SSM) with immediate breast reconstruction (BR) has increased at the same time as indications for post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) have broadened. The aim of the Oncoplastic Breast Consortium initiative was to address relevant questions arising with this clinically challenging scenario. Methods: A large global panel of oncologic, oncoplastic and reconstructive breast surgeons, patient advocates and radiation oncologists developed recommendations for clinical practice in an iterative process based on the principles of Delphi methodology. Results: The panel agreed that surgical technique for NSM/SSM should not be formally modified when PMRT is planned with preference for autologous over implant-based BR due to lower risk of long-term complications and support for immediate and delayed-immediate reconstructive approaches. Nevertheless, it was strongly believed that PMRT is not an absolute contraindication for implant-based or other types of BR, but no specific recommendations regarding implant positioning, use of mesh or timing were made due to absence of high-quality evidence. The panel endorsed use of patient-reported outcomes in clinical practice. It was acknowledged that the shape and size of reconstructed breasts can hinder radiotherapy planning and attention to details of PMRT techniques is important in determining aesthetic outcomes after immediate BR. Conclusions: The panel endorsed the need for prospective, ideally randomised phase III studies and for surgical and radiation oncology teams to work together for determination of optimal sequencing and techniques for PMRT for each patient in the context of BR

An increased risk of breast cancer has been reported in individuals with elevated levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). GGT1 was the only enzyme used for diagnosis in clinic and human genome contains additional related genes or sequences besides GGT1. From the perspective of amino acid sequences, genes showing substantial similarity (GGT5, GGT6, and GGT7) to GGT1 have been identified. The aim of this study was to investigate the mRNA expressions of GGT1, GGT5, GGT6, and GGT7 in 58 breast cancer patients’ tissue samples by qRT-PCR method. In total, mRNA expressions of GGT5 and GGT7 increased and GGT6 decreased in tumor tissues than those in normal tissues of the same patients (p

Purpose: To compare the adipose and muscle tissue areas in patients who responded differently to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: One hundred and eighty six patients diagnosed with breast cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy between January 2015- October 2019 and were operated after the treatment were retrospectively included in the study. Pathological results were divided into five groups using the Miller-Payne grading systems. Grade 1 indicating no significant reduction in malignant cells; Grade 2: a minor loss of malignant cells (≤ 30 %); Grade 3: reduction in malignant cells between 30 % and 90 %; Grade 4: disappearance of malignant cells >90 %; Grade 5: no malignant cells identifiable. Pre-treatment PET CT scans were evaluated, and calculation of body composition parameters were performed on a single axial section passing through the L3 vertebrae. Spearman’s correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between SAT, VAT, MT parameters and pathological responses. Results: There was no strong correlation between the 5 groups separated according to neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment response and tissue distributions. However, that there was a very low correlation found between superficial adipose tissue and pathological response (r=, 156). Conclusion: In conclusion, our results have provided a very low correlation between SAT and more than 30 % response. More research is required to evaluate the role of the body fat and muscle parameters in response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in larger patient populations.

Background: The protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is associated with increased invasiveness of breast cancer (BC) cell lines and its overexpression is significantly correlated with advanced stage and poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical significance of the serum PAR1 levels in BC patients. Methods: We enrolled 96 female patients with pathologically diagnosed BC who did not receive chemotherapy (CT) or radiotherapy. Serum PAR1 levels were measured by ELISA method and compared with 30 healthy controls. Results: The mean serum PAR1 level of BC patients was significantly higher than controls (3.07 vs 2.82 ng/ml, p = 0.011). The levels of PAR1 tended to be higher among CT responders (p = 0.052) and grade I disease than others (p = 0.055). However, there was no significant difference in PAR1 levels according to other clinic-pathological or laboratory parameters. Serum PAR1 level did not have a significant impact on overall survival in both univariate (p = 0.73) and multivariate analysis (p = 0.67). Conclusion: Serum PAR1 level is elevated in BC patients and may have predictive role for CT response. However, it has no prognostic role on survival.

SUMMARY: Datura stramonium, which is also known as Thorn Apple or Jimson Weed, is an alkaloid containing plant that is entirely toxic. The active toxic constituents of the plant are atropine, scopolamine and hyoscyamine. It has been abused worldwide for hundreds of years because of its hallucinogenic properties. Previous reports have shown that herbal medication overdose and accidental food contamination are ways it can cause poisoning. Herein we present a family that had three of its members poisoned after eating a traditional meal “dolma” made of datura flowers. None had fatal complications and all were discharged healthy. Datura stromonium may be used accidentally as a food ingredient. Since its poisonous effects are not known, people should be informed and warned about the effects of this plant. Key words: Anticholinergic effects, Datura stramonium, plant poisoning, rhabdomyolysis

Organic crop production has become a major business due to rising consumer demand, price premiums and increasing market opportunities. A field experiment was conducted to compare organic and conventional production systems by evaluating growth, yield and mineral content of lettuce leaves. Six organic productions systems, green manure (GM), farmyard manure (FYM), commercial organic fertilizer (COF) and their combinations were compared with conventional production system (CPS). A non-fertilized control treatment was also included. Plant growth and yield were found higher in the organic production system compare to conventional production system. The lowest plant growth and yield were obtained in the control treatment. Values of vitamin C content of lettuce grown in the organic production systems were higher than those of the conventional production system. The highest lettuce yield (71.8 and 76.5 t ha-1) was obtained with GM + FYM treatment. The results indicated that combined use of green manure and farmyard manure can be successfully used in organic lettuce production.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada; acil servise göğüs ağrısı şikayeti ile başvuran ve miyokard infarktüsü (MI) tanısı konulan hastalarda tümör nekroz faktör-beta (TNF-) A329G gen polimorfizminin etkinliğinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Prospektif, randomize, kontrollü olarak yapılması planlanan çalışmamıza Cukurova University Tıp Fakültesi Etik Kurulu’ndan onay alındıktan sonra başlandı. Çalışmaya onam veren hastalardan kan örneği alındı. Alınan kan örneklerinin analizi Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Biyokimya Laboratuvarı’nda çalışıldı. DNA izolasyonu, DNA izolasyon kiti (High Pure PCR Template Preparation kit, Roche Diagnostic, Germany) ile yapıldı. TNF-β A329G gen polimorfizmi Light Cycler mutasyon belirleme kiti (Roche diagnostic, GmbH, Mannheim, Germany) kullanılarak Light Cycler cihazında Real Time PCR ile saptandı. Verilerin istatistiksel analizi SPSS 11.5 paket programı ile yapıldı. Tüm testlerde istatistiksel önem düzeyi p < 0.05 olarak alındı. Bulgular: Bu çalışmaya miyokard infarktüsü tanısı konulan 90 hasta (78 erkek, 12 kadın) ve kontrol grubu olarak 78 sağlıklı birey (28 erkek, 50 kadın) dahil edildi. Tümör nekroz faktör-beta A329G polimorfizmi ile miyokard infarktüsü arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamadı. Miyokard infarktüs’ lü hastaların % 42.2’sinde AG genotipi ve % 6.7’sinde ise GG genotipi saptandı. MI olan hastalarda kontrol grubuna göre LDL düzeyinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu (p = 0.021), HDL düzyinin ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşük olduğu (p = < 0.001) saptandı. Sonuç: TNF-β A329G gen polimorfizmi ile Miyokard İnfarktüsü arasında bir ilişki olmadığı saptandı. Yüksek LDL ve düşük HDL düzeylerinin Mİ için risk faktörleri olduğu tespit edildi. Ülkemizde Türk toplumuna yönelik TNF-β A329G gen polimorfizmi ile MI arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemeye yönelik yapılan ilk çalışma olması açısından bu çalışma önemlidir. Bu çalışma, diğer çalışmalara ışık tutabilir ve tümör nekroz faktörün diğer polimorfizmleri araştırılarak muhtemel olası anlamlı bulgular elde edilebilir.

Amaç: Bu çalışmadaki amaç acil tıp kliniği" ne başvuran adli olguların demografik ve epidemiyolojik özelliklerini, düzenlenen adli raporların hayati tehlike içeriğini, basit tıbbi müdahale durumlarını ve acilde sonlanmalarını açığa çıkarmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Geriye dönük yapılan bu çalışmaya acil tıp kliniğine 01.12.2009 - 31.12.2010 tarihleri arasında başvuran ve kayıtlarına ulaşılan 18 yaş ve üzeri erişkin adli olgular dahil edildi. Elde edilen verilerden kategorik ölçümler sayı ve yüzde olarak, sayısal ölçümler ise ortalama ve standart sapma olarak özetlendi ve SPSS 17.0 paket programı ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmadaki 5870 adli olgunun % 63.78"i erkek, % 36.22"si kadındı. Yaş ortalaması 33.75 ± 12.4 idi. Adli duruma sebep olan olaylardan, ilk üç sırada görülen trafik kazası (% 27.3), zehirlenme (% 23.4) ve darp (% 17.6) idi. Trafik kazalarının en sık 26-33 yaş grubu erkeklerde, zehirlenmelerin en sık 18-25 yaş grubu kadınlarda görüldüğü tespit edildi. En fazla yaralanmanın 2404 olgu ile ekstremite yaralanması olduğu görüldü. Acile başvuran adli olguların % 73.3"ü taburcu edilirken, % 26.3"ü yatırıldı. % 0.3"ünün (19 olgu) acil serviste öldüğü, % 0.1"inin (4 olgu) ölü duhul olduğu belirlendi. Ölüm en fazla TK ve yüksekten düşmelerde görüldü. Vakalara düzenlenen adli raporlar değerlendirildiğinde erkeklere düzenlenen raporların % 28.8"inin, kadınlara düzenlenen raporların da % 11.3"ünün basit tıbbi müdahale ile giderilemez şeklinde olduğu görüldü. Adli raporlarda tüm olguların sadece 3336"sının (% 56.8) hayati tehlike durumunun belirtildiği tespit edildi. Hayati tehlike durumu belirtilen olguların % 21.1"inin hayati tehlikesi mevcut idi. Sonuç: Adli vakalar en çok erkek hastalarda, en çok 26-33 yaş grubunda görülmektedir. Tanıların sıklığı erkek ve bayan hastalarda değişmektedir. Adli vakaların % 26,3 gibi yüksek oranda hastaneye yatış gerektirmesine, % 21" inin hayati tehlikesinin olmasına rağmen, acilde mortalite oranı % 0.3"dür. Adli raporlarda mutlaka belirtilmesi gerekli hayati tehlike durumu raporların yarıya yakın kısmında yazılmamıştır. Kişilerin hak kaybı ve gereksiz mağduriyetini önlemek için, hekimlerin yaralıyı iyi tedavi etmesinin yanında, kanun ve kurallara uygun, açık, net anlaşılabilir adli rapor yazma sorumluluğu da vardır.

Aim: In this study, we aim to evaluate the efficacy of the tumor necrosis factor-beta A329G gene polymorphism in patients admitted to emergency department with chest pain complaint and diagnosed acute myocardial infarction. Material and Method: This study was planned as a prospective, randomized, controlled study and we started the study after the approval of Cukurova University Ethics Committee. Blood samples were taken from the patients who gave permission. Analysis of blood samples were studied in the Biochemistry Laboratory of Mersin University. DNA was extracted by High Pure PCR Template Preparation kit (High Pure PCR Template Preparation kit, Roche Diagnostic, Germany). TNF-β gene polymorphism A329G mutations were determined by using the Light Cycler instrument detection kit (Roche diagnostic, GmbH, Mannheim, Germany) in Light Cycler Real Time PCR. Statistical analysis of data was performed with SPSS 11.5 software package. The statistical significance level of p

Giriş: Çalışmamızda akut organofosfat zehirlenmesine bağlı elektrokardiyografik (EKG) değişiklikler ile kolinesteraz düzeylerinin mortaliteye etkilerini araştırmayı amaçladık. Materyal ve Metod: Prospektif, randomize olarak 2 yıl süresince, 01.08.2009 – 31.08.2011 tarihleri arasında acil tıp kliniği’ne organik fosfat zehirlenmesi ile gelen hastaların alınmasının planlandığı çalışmaya Etik Kurul’dan onay alındıktan sonra başlandı. Acile başvuru sonrası, tedavi (atropin ve pralidoksim uygulaması) öncesinde çalışmada kullanılmak üzere EKG çekildi ve kan örneği alınarak, serum ve eritrosit kolinesteraz düzeyleri hastanemiz laboratuvarı’nda çalışıldı. Hastaların EKG bulguları, kolinesteraz değerleri, sonlanım durumu standart veri giriş formuna kayıt edildi. Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde SPSS 18.0 paket programı kullanıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 39 hastanın 5’i (% 12.8) tedavileri sırasında eksitus oldu. Hastalarda görülen elektrokardiyografik bulgular sıklık sırasına göre; sinüs taşikardisi (% 48.7), uzamış QT mesafesi (% 20.5) ve sağ dal bloğu (% 20.5), ST-T dalga değişikliği (% 12.8), atriyal fibrilasyon (% 7.7), sağ aks sapması (% 5.1), uzamış PR mesafesi (% 2.5) idi. Eksitus ve taburcu edilen hastaların acile ilk başvurusu sonrasında çekilen EKG bulguları karşılaştırıldığında gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak fark olmadığı tespit edildi (p ≥ 0.05). Eksitus olan hastaların ilk geliş anında bakılan ortalama serum kolinesteraz düzeyleri ortalaması taburcu edilen hastalara göre düşüktü ve aralarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark mevcuttu (p=0.006). Ancak eksitus ve taburcu edilen hastaların eritrosit kolinesteraz düzeyleri arasında anlamlı farklılık yoktu (p= 0.984). Sonuç: Organofosfat zehirlenmesinin şiddeti ile EKG bulguları arasında mortalite açısından anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı, şiddetli zehirlenmelerde serum kolinesteraz düzeyi düşüklüğü ile mortalite arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlendi. Organofosfat zehirlenmelerinde görülebilecek EKG bulguları ve mortaliteye etkileri hakkında acil hekimlerine fikir vermesi, klinik deneyimlerine katkıda bulunması açısından bu çalışmanın faydası olacaktır. Ancak bu konuda yapılacak daha detaylı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Aim: In our study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the mortality and acute inflammatory markers, serum - erythrocyte cholinesterase levels in patients with organophosphorus poisoning. Material and Methods: We planned to take patients who administered to emergency department with organic phosphorus poisoning prospectively for 2 years after approval by the Ethics Committee of Cukurova University. Patients with hereditary cholinesterase deficiency, liver disorders, malnourished, anemia, using cocaine, morphine, codeine, and medications such as succinylcholine were excluded from the study. A total of 39 patients were included in the study. Standard data entry form has been created. Blood samples were taken from all of the patients included in the study for use in study after diagnosis. White blood cell (WBC) and platelet counts, fibrinogen, ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-á), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), erythrocyte and serum cholinesterase levels were determined from blood samples in Central Laboratory of Hospital of Balcali in Cukurova University School of Medicine. SPSS 18.0 package program was used for statistical analysis of data. The statistical significance level of all tests was p

Aim: In this study, we aimed to analyze the demographic and epidemiological features of judicial cases admitted to emergency department, the content of life-threatening of forensic reports, the status of simple medical intervention and outcomes in the emergency department. Material and Methods: Judicial cases, admitted to the emergency department between 01.12.2009 - 31.12.2010 were included in the study. Patients were evaluated from the patient cards retrospectively. Categorical data summarized as number and percentage, numerical measurements summarized as mean and standard deviation. SPSS 17.0 package program was used for statistical analysis of data. The statistical significance level of all tests was p

Aim: In our study we aimed to investigate the relationship between electrocardiographic (ECG) changes, cholinesterase levels and mortality due to acute organophosphate poisoning. Material and Methods: We planned to take patients who administered to emergency department with organic phosphorus poisoning randomized and prospectively for 2 years between 01.08.2009 – 31.08.2011 after approval by the Ethics Committee. The electrocardiograms of the patients were taken after admission to the emergency department, before the treatment (atropine and pralidoxime application). Blood samples were taken and studied in the laboratory of our hospital. ECG findings, cholinesterase values and the final situation of the patients were recorded at the standard data entry form. SPSS 18.0 package program was used for statistical analysis of data. The statistical significance level of all tests was p < 0.05. Results: The five of thirty nine patients (12.8 %) included in the study have died during the treatment. The electrocardiographic findings seen in patients in order of frequency; sinus tachycardia (48.7 %), prolonged QT interval (20.5 %), and right bundle branch block (20.5 %), ST-T wave changes (12.8 %), atrial fibrillation (7.7 %), right axis deviation (5.1 %), prolonged PR (2.5 %). There was no statistically significant difference between the ECG findings of the patient groups who died or discharged (p ≥ 0.05). The mean serum cholinesterase levels of the patients who died were statistically lower than the discharged patients (p = 0.006). Conclusion: There is not a significant relationship between ECG findings and the severity of organophosphate poisoning.There is a statistically significant relationship between mortality and low levels of serum cholinesterase due to severe poisoning. ECG findings and their effects to the mortality in organophosphate poisoning can give an opinion to the emergency physicians and contribute to their clinical experiences. However, more detailed studies are needed in this matter. [Cukurova Med J 2013; 38(2.000): 181-188]

Abstract Background Breast cancer has been increased in developing countries, but there are limited data for breast cancer risk factors in these countries. To clarify the risk for breast cancer among the Turkish women, an university hospital based nested case-control study was conducted. Methods Between January 2000 and December 2006, a survey was prospectively conducted among women admitted to clinics of Istanbul Medical Faculty for examination and/or treatment by using a questionnaire. Therefore, characteristics of patients diagnosed with breast cancer (n = 1492) were compared with control cases (n = 2167) admitted to hospital for non-neoplastic, non-hormone related diseases. Results Breast cancer risk was found to be increased in women with age (≥ 50) [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.42–3.18], induced abortion (95% CI 1.13–1.53), age at first birth (≥ 35) (95% CI 1.62–5.77), body mass index (BMI ≥ 25) (95% CI 1.27–1.68), and a positive family history (95% CI 1.11–1.92). However, decreased breast cancer risk was associated with the duration of education (≥ 13 years) (95% CI 0.62–0.81), presence of spontaneous abortion (95% CI 0.60–0.85), smoking (95% CI 0.61–0.85), breast feeding (95% CI 0.11–0.27), nulliparity (95% CI 0.92–0.98), hormone replacement therapy (HRT) (95% CI 0.26–0.47), and oral contraceptive use (95% CI 0.50–0.69). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, age (≥ 50) years (OR 2.61, 95% CI 2.20–3.11), induced abortion (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.38–1.99), and oral contraceptive use (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.48–0.74) were found to be associated with breast cancer risk as statistically significant independent factors. Conclusion These findings suggest that age and induced abortion were found to be significantly associated with increased breast cancer risk whereas oral contraceptive use was observed to be associated with decreased breast cancer risk among Turkish women in Istanbul.