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This article is part of a special series developed to assist authors in the process of scientific writing and communication. The purpose of the study was to underscore the importance of publishing case reports and case series in the medical and health sciences and to provide insights to guide the authors who wish to submit these types of study. A non-systematic review was conducted to present a brief historical overview on reports published in the literature and to provide data on the main difficulties faced by authors trying to publish in the current scenario and on the contributions of case reports and case series to scientific progress. Finally, we address the current paradox of the simultaneous depreciation of this type of publication and reinforcement of the importance of publishing emblematic cases with major impact on the progress of medical science.

Objectives This study compared the scientific publication speeds of Korean medical journals before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era. Methods We analyzed 2,064 papers from 43 international Korean medical journals, selecting 12 papers annually from 2019 to 2022. We assessed publication speed indicators, including the time from submission to revision and from submission to publication. Additionally, we examined variations in publication speed based on journal and paper characteristics, including whether the studies were related to COVID-19. Results Among the 43 journals analyzed, 39.5% disclosed the peer review duration from submission to the first decision, and 11.6% reported their acceptance rates. The average time from submission to acceptance was 127.0 days in 2019, 126.1 days in 2020, 124.6 days in 2021, and 126.4 days in 2022. For COVID-19-related studies, the average time from submission to revision was 61.4 days, compared to 105.1 days for non-COVID-19 studies; from submission to acceptance, it was 87.4 days for COVID-19-related studies and 127.1 days for non-COVID-19 studies. All indicators for COVID-19-related studies showed shorter durations than those for non-COVID-19 studies, and the proportion of studies accepted within 30 or 60 days was significantly higher for COVID-19-related studies. Conclusions This study investigated the publication speed of Korean international medical journals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic influenced journals’ review and publication processes, potentially impacting the quality of academic papers. These findings provide insights into publication speeds during the COVID-19 era, suggesting that journals should focus on maintaining the integrity of their publication and review processes.

Abstract Background The dissemination of published scholarship is intended to bring new evidence and ideas to a wide audience. However, the increasing number of articles makes it challenging to determine where to focus one’s attention. This study describes factors that may influence decisions to read and recommend a medical education article. Methods Authors analyzed data collected from March 2021 through September 2022 during a monthly process to identify “Must Read” articles in medical education. An international team of health sciences educators, learners, and researchers voted on titles and abstracts to advance articles to full text review. Full texts were rated using five criteria: relevance, methodology, readability, originality, and whether it addressed a critical issue in medical education. At an end-of-month meeting, 3–4 articles were chosen by consensus as “Must Read” articles. Analyses were used to explore the associations of article characteristics and ratings with Must Read selection. Results Over a period of 19 months, 7487 articles from 856 journals were screened, 207 (2.8%) full texts were evaluated, and 62 (0.8%) were chosen as Must Reads. During screening, 3976 articles (53.1%) received no votes. BMC Medical Education had the largest number of articles at screening (n = 1181, 15.8%). Academic Medicine had the largest number as Must Reads (n = 22, 35.5%). In logistic regressions adjusting for the effect of individual reviewers, all rating criteria were independently associated with selection as a Must Read (p

Purpose The multiyear COVID-19 pandemic has affected the volume and speed of publications in scientific journals. This study evaluated trends in the impact measures of international medical journals published in Korea, including the journal impact factor (JIF). Methods We selected Science Citation Index Expanded journals with the country/region set to Korea and the academic category classified as “clinical medicine” in Journal Citation Reports. Trends in indicators such as the JIF and Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) were assessed for journals with JIF information from 2018 to 2022. Ratios and differences between the measures were calculated to determine the extent of the change. Results We identified 43 journals, and the average JIF of those journals increased from 2.33 in 2018 and 2.50 in 2019 to 3.45 in 2020 and 3.86 in 2021. Other measures, such as the 5-year JIF and JCI, steadily increased, and the proportion of gold open access journals also increased significantly. However, the JCI and Eigenfactor scores remained steady or showed relatively small increases. Furthermore, impact measures declined in 2022, including a JIF decrease to 3.55. Conclusion We presented trends in quantitative measurements for international medical journals in Korea, and found an overall increase. Journals need to maintain a rigorous publication process to improve the quality of their research and the research community needs to exercise caution when using quantitative measures to evaluate journals. Further research is required to examine the quantitative indicators of journals, including their publication policies, research topics, and long-term trends.

Objectives: This study was conducted to systematically summarize trends in research concerning patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as reported in Korean medical journals. Methods: We performed a literature search of KoreaMed from January 2020 to September 2022. We included only primary studies of patients with COVID-19. Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts, then performed full-text screening, both independently and in duplicate. We first identified the 5 journals with the greatest numbers of eligible publications, then extracted data pertaining to the general characteristics, study population attributes, and research features of papers published in these journals. Results: Our analysis encompassed 142 primary studies. Of these, approximately 41.0% reported a funding source, while 3.5% disclosed a conflict of interest. In 2020, 42.9% of studies included fewer than 10 participants; however, by 2022, the proportion of studies with over 200 participants had increased to 40.6%. The most common design was the cohort study (48.6%), followed by case reports/series (35.2%). Only 3 randomized controlled trials were identified. Studies most frequently focused on prognosis (58.5%), followed by therapy/intervention (20.4%). Regarding the type of intervention/exposure, therapeutic clinical interventions comprised 26.1%, while studies of morbidity accounted for 13.4%. As for the outcomes measured, 50.7% of studies assessed symptoms/clinical status/improvement, and 14.1% evaluated mortality. Conclusions: Employing a systematic approach, we examined the characteristics of research involving patients with COVID-19 that was published in Korean medical journals from 2020 onward. Subsequent research should assess not only publication trends over a longer timeframe but also the quality of evidence provided.

Abstract The Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, published since 1925, is the most influential dermatological journal in Latin America, indexed in the main international bibliographic databases, and occupies the 50th position among the 70 dermatological journals indexed in the Journal of Citations Reports, in 2022. In this article, the authors present a critical analysis of its trajectory in the last decade and compare its main bibliometric indices with Brazilian medical and international dermatological journals. The journal showed consistent growth in different bibliometric indices, which indicates a successful editorial policy and greater visibility in the international scientific community, attracting foreign authors. The increases in citations received (4.1 ×) and in the Article Influence Score (2.9×) were more prominent than those of the main Brazilian medical and international dermatological journals. The success of Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia in the international scientific scenario depends on an assertive editorial policy, on promptly publication of high-quality articles, and on institutional stimulus to encourage clinical research in dermatology.

EDITORIAL 4 Reflections on Retirement: The Sunset Can be Spooktacular! Lapeña JFF ORIGINAL ARTICLES 7 Computed Tomography Analysis of the Anterior Epitympanic Recess and Sinus Tympani Depths Among Filipino Adults at the De La Salle University Medical Center Gutierrez GTL 12 Prevalence of and Risk Factors Associated with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Carriage Among Cutting Specialties at the Ospital ng Maynila Medical Center Monteverde MRQ, Alcira RCV 19 Determination of the Relationship Between Olfactory Function Threshold and Quality of Life Among Adult Filipinos with Perceived Olfactory Dysfunction Abaya MYB, Ang-Capuno KCF, Regalado-Go JAF, Gansatao FM, Onofre-Telan RDC, Gelera JE 26 Clinicodemographic Profile and Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Upper Aerodigestive Tract Foreign Bodies in the Southern Philippines Medical Center: A Five-Year Retrospective Review Tagsa, JMP, Segocio, DJD 31 Clinical Care Pathway Time Intervals and Tumor Progression Among Head and Neck Cancer Patients at East Avenue Medical Center Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Rafanan FMJ, Alfanta EM, Instrella RRPA 36 Periocular Measurements Among Filipino Adult Employees of Dr. Paulino J Garcia Memorial Research and Medical Center Alberto AFJA, Soriano RG, Aragaon MC CASE REPORT 41 Mandibular Fracture in a Newborn From Birth Trauma: A Case Report Ablay IPG, Yambot KKK, Peñaflor NAI SURGICAL INNOVATIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION 44 A Prototype 3D Printed Suction Port Adapter for a Wireless Otoendoscope Garcia MCZ, Amable JPM FEATURED GRAND ROUNDS 49 Synchronous Primary Head and Neck Tumors: Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of The Tonsil Maristela PB, Cruz ETS FROM THE VIEWBOX 53 Congenital Unilateral Hearing Loss from Cochlear Nerve Canal Stenosis Yang NW UNDER THE MICROSCOPE 55 Warthin-like Variant of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland Curso KAJ, Reyes JCB, Rivera JP, Carnate JM CAPTOONS 58 DokNet’s World Billones WU

PREDATORY PUBLISHING AND WASTE OF RESOURCE

Writing is one of the productive skills that English learners must possess in a foreign language. Writing anxiety in compiling and arranging words can occur to students, especially writing journal articles. This study examined (i) the most dominant types of students’ writing anxiety, and (ii) the strategies used to overcome their anxiety in writing English journal articles. The participants in this study were 40 students of the English Education study program at IAIN Palangka Raya who had written English journal articles. This study used mixed-methods sequential explanatory approach. The findings of this study indicated cognitive anxiety was the most dominant type of writing anxiety, followed by somatic anxiety, and the last type of writing anxiety was avoidance behavior in writing English journal articles. Furthermore, the strategies used to overcome anxiety in writing were (i) making a self-suggestion to be calm and think positively, (ii) looking for other articles with good credibility as references, and (iii) building simple English writing habits in daily activity. According to this research, the strategy used by students in the cognitive aspect by discussing with the lecturer or some experts about the tips for writing a journal article may be a novel to overcome the anxiety, especially in writing English journal articles.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic reminded scientists of the importance of designing and implementing efficient research. In this study, the frequency and quality of Iranian researchers’ manuscripts about COVID-19 were evaluated.Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted on June 30, 2020, to assess the quality of published articles. PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched. The inclusion criteria were all articles in the field of COVID-19 published by an Iranian author in English. The authors reviewed the original research articles and systematic reviews using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) Checklists. Descriptive statistics and frequency distributions were reported.Results: After removing duplicates, 347 out of 871 related retrieved articles were remained. Among 35 original articles, thirty-one (88.6%) of them were Cross-sectional articles. There were only one Randomized clinical trial article, one Casecontrol, and two diagnostic articles. Among original researches, deficiency in reporting the sampling method, data analysis, the accuracy of the measurements, sample size calculation method, and choosing comparison groups and blinding (in RCTs) were the most common problems. Nearly 40% of original articles and 81.3% of systematic reviews andmeta-analyses were classified as good-quality articles.Conclusion: Most original articles did not have good quality, while the decisions about treatment and prevention of COVID-19 and policy-making about social restriction depend on the quality of the articles. Journals should be more careful in reviewing articles critically.

Results of academic research require publication and need to be reviewed by peers before they can contribute to the existing body of knowledge. Among the various means of publishing research findings, researchers may, according to past academic practices, first present their research results in conferences, seminars or symposiums, and then submit their results to journals for publication. Hence, the issue of “extended publication”, where conference papers are revised and submitted to journals, has gained attention in the library and information science community. This study collected public documents on the Internet and applied document analysis to examine the ethical considerations regarding such extension practice. First, this research reviewed the basic principles of research integrity and responsible behavior. Secondly, this research listed several types of violation related to research paper writing and submission, and studied the guidelines established by both domestic and foreign academic organizations, publishers, and journals. The findings of the research were used to provide specific recommendations on the best practices for extending conference papers to journal articles.

This research investigated how EFL teachers become more engaged with extensive reading when developing their writing proficiency. This research used a narrative inquiry method to collect data on individuals who have and have not engaged in extensive reading. An initial questionnaire was sent to EFL teachers through Google-form. Fifteen EFL high school teachers responded to the questionnaire, most female and 33 years old. Afterward, one chosen EFL teacher was interviewed to discuss how they use extensive reading to improve their writing skills. The results found that the keys to improving scientific article writing as a hobby are that English teachers read articles from various sources to gain more information and understand different perspectives. Besides, they set a reading target of 15 minutes per day for them, leading to 20 books per year, or at least they can start practicing extensive reading since university. Also, reading fairytales, comics, folktales, magazines, novels, and short stories as extensive reading materials could increase their writing proficiency. In brief, extensive reading improves vocabulary mastery, reading fluency, and English proficiency, helping teachers better convey ideas and thoughts through written language. The implication was also discussed here.

Objective: To analyze recent publications in Ophthalmology, the journal of the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Design: Retrospective review of published articles. Participants: No human participants were involved in the study. Methods: Articles published in Ophthalmology from January 2018 to December 2022 were reviewed and analyzed. Main Outcome Measures: Research and review articles were included and analyzed per the following: total number of published articles based on related subspecialty area, level of evidence using the modified Oxford level of evidence, number of citations, number of listed authors, gender of the corresponding author, country of affiliation of the corresponding and contributing author(s), and involvement of consortium(s), group(s), or committee(s). Results: A total of 965 articles were included. The mean (standard deviation) number of authors per article was 8.6 (5.7) and the majority of corresponding authors were male (665, 70.7%). The greatest number of published articles were related to retina (296, 30.7%) followed by glaucoma (172, 17.8%). The greatest number of Preferred Practice Pattern guidelines were also related to retina (7/24, 29.1%), followed by cornea/dry eye syndrome/external disease (6/24, 25%). Retina (77) had the most level 1 evidence, glaucoma (30) for level 2 evidence, and retina for levels 3 (69) and 4 (65). There were 223 articles contributed by consortia/groups/committees, with most from retina (73, 32.7%) followed by glaucoma (40, 17.9%). The mean number of citations per subspecialty article was highest in retina (45.8/article), followed by uveitis (31.7/article). The United States had the greatest number of affiliated corresponding authors (544, 56.4%), followed by the United Kingdom (68, 7.0%). There were 357 (37.0%) articles with coauthors affiliated outside the corresponding author’s country of affiliation, although with a downward trend over the most recent 5-year period. There has been an increasing trend in the number of authors and consortia/group/committee involvement in publications. Conclusions: Although team science and collaborations have increased recently, ongoing efforts to diversify individuals, groups, and subspecialties may be needed. Financial Disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.

Abstract There are many parameters that could be used to evaluate the quality of scientific meetings such as publication rates of meeting abstracts as full-text articles after the meeting or scoring with validated quality scales/tools that evaluate individual papers, project proposals, or submitted abstracts. This study aimed to determine the full-text publication rates for abstracts presented at Turkish National Medical Education Congresses and Symposia and to assess the quality of given abstracts. Abstracts presented at national medical education congresses and symposia between 2010 and 2014 in Türkiye were evaluated. Initially, the abstracts were evaluated if they were published as full-text articles in international and national peer-reviewed journals following the meeting. Secondly, the quality of presented abstracts was assessed with the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI) scale. Overall publication rate for the abstracts was 11.3%. The publication rate of oral and poster presentations were 26.6% and 8.1%, respectively. Oral presentations had a statistically higher publication rate than poster presentations (p = .000). The mean MERSQI score for abstracts was 7.73 ± 2.59. The oral presentations had higher MERSQI mean scores than poster presentations (8.28 ± 2.46 vs. 7.61 ± 2.6; p = .032). Similarly, published abstracts had a significantly higher score compared to unpublished abstracts (10.07 ± 2.74 vs. 7.43 ± 2.41; p = .000). Interestingly, there was no statistical difference between the mean MERSQI scores of the published oral and poster presentations (9.33 ± 2.45 vs. 10.61 ± 2.72; p = .101). This study showed that the main factor for a meeting abstract to be published as a full-text article is the scientific quality of the study. The quality of presentations at annual medical education meetings in Türkiye were low compared with international meetings which did not improve over five years. An institutional policy that would set quality standards for medical education research and increase the awareness of researchers on the topic might help improve the design, execution, and reporting of such studies in Türkiye. The MERSQI could be a valuable tool to monitor the quality of submitted abstracts and to increase the awareness of novice researchers on high quality research.

Abstract Background Manuscript preparation and the (re)submission of articles can create a significant workload in academic jobs. In this exploratory analysis, we estimate the time and costs needed to meet the diverse formatting requirements for manuscript submissions in biomedical publishing. Methods We reviewed 302 leading biomedical journals’ submission guidelines and extracted information on the components that tend to vary the most among submission guidelines (the length of the title, the running title, the abstract, and the manuscript; the structure of the abstract and the manuscript, number of items and references allowed, whether the journal has a template). We estimated annual research funding lost due to manuscript formatting by calculating hourly academic salaries, the time lost to reformatting articles, and quantifying the total number of resubmissions per year. We interviewed several researchers and senior journal editors and editors-in-chief to contextualize our findings and develop guidelines that could help both biomedical journals and researchers work more efficiently. Results Among the analyzed journals, we found a huge diversity in submission requirements. By calculating average researcher salaries in the European Union and the USA, and the time spent on reformatting articles, we estimated that ~ 230 million USD were lost in 2021 alone due to reformatting articles. Should the current practice remain unchanged within this decade, we estimate ~ 2.5 billion USD could be lost between 2022 and 2030—solely due to reformatting articles after a first editorial desk rejection. In our interviews, we found alignment between researchers and editors; researchers would like the submission process to be as straightforward and simple as possible, and editors want to easily identify strong, suitable articles and not waste researchers’ time. Conclusions Based on the findings from our quantitative analysis and contextualized by the qualitative interviews, we conclude that free-format submission guidelines would benefit both researchers and editors. However, a minimum set of requirements is necessary to avoid manuscript submissions that lack structure. We developed our guidelines to improve the status quo, and we urge the publishers and the editorial-advisory boards of biomedical journals to adopt them. This may also require support from publishers and major international organizations that govern the work of editors.

Purpose This mixed-methods study aimed to explore how the Faculty of Humanities carried out Journal Article Writing Assistance Program (JAWAP) in 2021, and determine its contribution to the participants’ English articles. Method This mixed methods research used a convergent mixed methods design that relied on 17 participants’ perception towards its implementation as the main data collected using questionnaire, interview, and document analysis. The quantitative data were analyzed using correlational statistics and compared with qualitative data to confirm or dis-confirm each other. Findings The study revealed that JAWAP worked in an online scheme where the communication between the participants and reviewers did not occur intensively. The study identified weaknesses in the review process, such as the article’s compliance with the author guidelines, lack of interdisciplinary discussion and collaboration with others, and the deservedness to be published in internationally journals. However, the study shows the JAWAP contributed significantly to the participants’ English articles. Conclusion JAWAP as an assistance program can help the participants to write quality English articles. To increase its contribution to the English article quality, the faculty should conduct the program intensively during the writing process openly in an intensive communication between reviewers and participants in small groups.

Introduction: With the significant expansion of research, we are witnessing the discrediting of some scientific outputs in the field of medicine. This study endeavored to investigate the dimensions and patterns of cooperation of internationally discredited works in the field of medicine in the Scopus database.Methods: This study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of conducting research and data analysis, it is quantitative and has been done using bibliometric analysis method and scientometric approach and illustration techniques to draw scientific collaborations. The population is all the discredited medical works available from 2016 to the end of 2020 in the Scopus database which has been done using the network analysis method.Results: The findings showed that during the period, 480 works published in Scopus database were discredited. The Unites States, England, India, and China have the highest index of centrality, intimacy, and crosscontextuality. These countries play an important role in connecting nodes and transmitting information over the network.Conclusion: Discredited articles in the United States and England have high centrality indices, which indicates the greater influence and power of these countries, which, in turn, have a greater influence on other countries in the scientific network.

On behalf of the editorial office of Neurospine, we would like to extend our appreciation to all the readers who have supported the journal throughout the year. Neurospine was established in March 2018 through a collaboration of 3 leading spinal neurosurgery societies from Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. Since then, Neurospine has continued to enhance its academic impact, serving as a platform for sharing knowledge and information related to the management of spinal diseases. In this article, we aim to present the bibliometrics of Neurospine, including the submission and publication of manuscripts and the peer review process. We are looking forward to continued growth and serving the academic community to the best of our ability.

AUTHORSHIP FOR SALE: A THREAT TO THE INTEGRITY OF THE PUBLISHING ENTERPRISE

EDITORIAL 4 On the Brink: The Climate and Nature Crisis and Risks of Nuclear War Lapeña JFF GUEST EDITORIALS 6 Time to Treat the Climate and Nature Crisis as One Indivisible Global Health Emergency Abbasi K, Ali P, Barbour V, Benfield T, Bibbins-Domingo K, Hancocks S, Horton R, Laybourn-Langton L, Mash R, Sahni P, Mohammad Sharief W, Shehab A, Yonga P, Zielinski C 9 Reducing the Risks of Nuclear War – The Role of Health Professionals Abbasi K, Ali P, Barbour V, Bibbins-Domingo K, Olde Rikkert MGM, Haines A, Helfand I, Horton R, Mash R, Mitra A, Monteiro C, Naumova EN, Rubin EJ, Ruff T, Sahni P, Tumwine J, Yonga P, Zielinski C ORIGINAL ARTICLES 11 Diagnosis and Management of Otosclerosis in a Filipino Population: A Case Series Yang NW 17 Radiographic Measurement of Nasopharyngeal Depth from the Anterior Nasal Spine (ND-ANS) Among Filipino Adults Lopa RAB, Ilustre GMS, Hernandez JG 22 Factors Predisposing to Post Thyroidectomy Vocal Cord Paralysis at Ospital ng Maynila Medical Cente Carlos EJC, Agullo EJA 26 Association of Clinicodemographic Factors and Tissue Biopsy Results Among Patients with Thyroid Nodules at the Southern Philippines Medical Center Aujero ML, Tagsa JMP, Llamera GLQ 31 Relationship of Post-Thyroidectomy Hypocalcemia to Surgeon’s Experience in a Private Tertiary Hospital Ramos NP 35 Surgical Management of Goiter with Intrathoracic Extension at the Philippine General Hospital Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery Mendoza KML, Madrid DAD 42 Stratifying Indeterminate Cytology Thyroid Nodules by Combining Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (TI-RADS) and The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) Cambe SMM, Arañas JAM, Manzana JLP, Manlapaz KTG SURGICAL INNOVATIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION 48 An Alternative Surgical Approach to Cemento Ossifying Fibroma of the Maxilla Santos JE, Gelera JE PRACTICE PEARLS 52 Use of Sail Excision in Alar Morphology Modification of Asian Noses Regalado-Go JAF, Yap EC FEATURED GRAND ROUNDS 59 Hemangioma of the Mandible in a 12-Year-Old Boy Marasigan DAR, Carabeo PJF, Castañeda SS FROM THE VIEWBOX 64 Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss from a Jugular Bulb Diverticulum Yang NW UNDER THE MICROSCOPE 67 Nasal Gouty Tophus Delmendo MPEM, Chang AMV PASSAGES 69 Nixon S. See, MD Alcira RCV CAPTOONS 70 DokNet’s World Billones WU

Current publication system is based in a continuous pressure for publish in “high-rated” journals, in the consideration that this is a synonymous of research-quality, forgotten both the sense of research: the generation of knowledge, nor the publication in specific journals; and that after the emergence of internet, the current editorial system should have been fully rethought.

Introduction and objective: Sci-Hub is a website that allows users to download full-text versions of millions of scientific articles for free. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between the use of Sci-Hub and consultation of scientific journals by medical students from six Latin American countries. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a 2017 cross-sectional study of medical students from six Latin American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, and Peru). Consultation of scientific journals was considered as the dependent variable, while the independent variable was the use of Sci-Hub. Responses were categorized as: “do not know”; “did not use it”; “used it at least once a week”; “used it more than once a week”; and “used it every day of the month”. In simple and multiple regression analyses, multivariate random-effects models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR), with 95% confident intervals (CI). Results: Of the 6632 participants, 38.2% consulted scientific journals and 10.3% used Sci-Hub once a week. Using Sci-Hub at least once a week was associated with a 20% increase in the prevalence of consulting scientific journals (PR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.10–1.31, p

Introduction: The credibility of the published scientific literature is dependent on various dynamic factors like the type of research, type of journal, journal indexing, impact factor which are subjected to constant changes. Calculating publication points, as a form of performance measure to award promotions for postgraduate faculty is used in many developing and in some developed countries. Aim: To determine the knowledge of the Dental Council of India (DCI) point system among orthodontists associated with a Dental College and to develop a colour-coded guide of Orthodontics journals. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Orthodontics, of an Educational Institution from July 2021 to December 2021, and a structured questionnaire was self-designed and made available in Google forms. This cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted among the orthodontic faculty. A total of 428 complete responses were obtained and all the responses were evaluated using one way analysis of variance with Tukey’s Post-hoc tests and Independent sample t-test. A survey of all the journals that related to the field of orthodontics was performed in various databases. Journals that are included in the DCI categories were listed and colour-coded. Results: Majority of study participants in this study were professors (53.3%) followed by readers and senior lecturers (15.9% each). Significant differences (p-value=0.021) were noted in participants’ knowledge on the DCI points system based on designation. Almost all the respondents reported indexing of the journal to be the basis for selecting a journal. Only 8.4% responded that, they were not aware of the DCI’s points system for publications. Subjects with self-reported awareness on the DCI points system showed a significantly higher mean knowledge score compared to their counterparts. Conclusion: Subjects with self-reported awareness on the DCI points system showed a significantly higher mean (2.412±0.793) knowledge score compared to their counterparts. A colour-coded guide was developed to eliminate the bias in point calculation completely and help academicians select a journal suitable for academic promotions.

EDITORIAL 4 The Updated World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) Recommendations on Chatbots and Generative AI in Relation to Scholarly Publications and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals (May 2023) Lapeña JFF SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT 7 Chatbots, Generative AI, and Scholarly Manuscripts WAME Recommendations on Chatbots and Generative Artificial Intelligence in Relation to Scholarly Publications Zielinski C, Winker MA, Aggarwal R, Ferris LE, Heinemann M, Lapeña JF, Pai SA, Ing E, Citrome L, Alam M, Voight M, Habibzadeh F. on behalf of the WAME Board REVIEW ARTICLE 10 Association of Glycemic Index Using HbA1c and Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Quines MRR, Gloria CEC ORIGINAL ARTICLES 17 Evaluation of the Newborn Hearing Screening Program in the University of Santo Tomas Hospital Based on the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing 2019 Position Statement on Quality Indicators for Screening and Confirmation of Hearing Loss Crizaldo LPR, Ramos ABC 22 Sinonasal Anatomy Variations on CT Scans of a Sample of Filipino Adults With Chronic Rhinosinusitis Policina CP, Ambrocio GMC, Roldan RA, Grullo PER 28 High Risk Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Private Tertiary Care Setting in the Philippines: Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics and Testing Chang AMV, Santos MKD, Lim WL 35 Profile of Patients with Oral Cavity Cancer Seen at the Department of Ear Nose Throat – Head and Neck Surgery of the Bicol Medical Center Alvarez AD, Reyes MU 39 Outcomes of COVID-19 Positive and COVID-19 Negative Adult Patients Who Underwent Tracheostomy for Prolonged Intubation in a COVID-19 Referral Center During the Pandemic Yee EC, Dela Cruz APC, Cruz TLG, Villanueva CAG, Cruz EJM 45 Delay and Completion of Treatment in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Employing a Multidisciplinary Team Approach: A Single Institution Experience Manaig JMN, Fernando AF, Yu KKL CASE REPORTS 50 Delayed-Onset Unilateral Facial Paralysis After Mastoidectomy: A Case Report Baloco EDQ, Orosa JB III 54 Combined Cartilage Graft Reconstruction of the Nasal Tip Complex after Resection of Nasal Tip Schwannoma: A Case Report Bacalla FJP, Laxamana JQ PRACTICE PEARLS 58 Intradermal Hyaluronidase: The Answer to Treatment in Softening a Fibrous Thick Supratip Skin in Rhinoplasty? Yap EC, Porquez JM FEATURED GRAND ROUNDS 61 Sinonasal Mucosal Melanoma: A Rare Intranasal Tumor in an 89-Year-Old Woman Esguerra JM, Ambrocio GMC, Castañeda SS FROM THE VIEWBOX 65 Fracture of the Petrous Carotid Canal Yang NW UNDER THE MICROSCOPE 66 Follicular Thyroid Adenoma with Papillary Architecture Carnate JM CAPTOONS 68 DokNet’s World Billones WU

Excellent research in the fields of medicine and medical science can advance the field and contribute to human health improvement. In this aspect, research is important. However, if researchers do not publish their research, their efforts cannot benefit anyone. To make a difference, researchers must disseminate their results and communicate their opinions. One way to do this is by publishing their research. Therefore, academic writing is an essential skill for researchers. However, preparing a manuscript is not an easy task, and it is difficult to write well. Following a structure may be helpful for researchers. For example, the standard structure of medical and medical science articles includes the following sections: introduction, methods, results, and discussion (IMRAD). The purpose of this review is to present an introduction for researchers, especially novices, on how to write an original article in the field of medicine and medical science. Therefore, we discuss how to prepare and write a research manuscript for publication, using the IMRAD structure. We also included specific tips for writing manuscripts in medicine and medical science.

BackgroundScientific activity has been connected to the proven inequality between women and men. To examine the state of gender equality in nursing research by analyzing the representation of male and female as editors and as authors of articles published in scientific journals.MethodA cross-sectional study was carried out between September-2019 and May-2020. All the scientific publications published in 115 nursing journals indexed in the Journal Citation Reports in the years 2008, 2013, and 2017 were chosen as analysis units. The main variables studied were gender of the “journal editor”; gender of the “first author”, “last author”, “corresponding author”, and “first author in funded articles”. Descriptive and inferential analysis was performed.ResultsThe proportion of male editors in 2008, 2013, and 2017 was 23.3, 19, and 18.5% respectively, with a male/female ratio of 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5. Male editors are mainly found in the journals of the first quartile (Q1 = 33.8%, ratio1:2), compared to the journals of the fourth quartile (Q4 = 6.6%, ratio1:14), p < 0.01. The male authorship position was “last author” (30.9%, ratio1:2), “corresponding author” (23.3%, ratio 1:3), “first author” (22.1%, ratio 1:4) and “first author in funded articles” (21.8%, ratio 1:4). Furthermore, in 19.5%, of the articles there were more male authors. The percentage of articles with male authorship increased from 2008 to 2017, “first author” (21.1–23.4%; p < 0.01), “last author” (30.0–31.1%; p = 0.22), “corresponding author” (22.5–24.2; p = 0.01), and “first author in funded articles” (18.1–25.9%; p < 0.001).ConclusionsMen are over-represented in the editor role in the most prestigious nursing journals. There are a higher proportion of male authors in the main positions of authorship.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bibliometric profile of the most cited articles published in Cumhuriyet Dental Journal (CDJ). Materials and methods: TR Dizin database was used to search the most frequently cited articles. After the screening process, a researcher organized the articles according to the citation counts. The citation counts, publication year, authorship, contributing institutions and countries, manuscript language, field of dental research, study type and design, data analysis method and keywords were evaluated. Results: 123 citations were made to 76 articles. The citation counts ranged from 1 to 6. While the highest citation counts (n=17) were in 2012, the highest citation prevalence (1.93) was in 2011. There was a predominance of research area of Dental Materials (23.7%), original articles (69.7%), experimental studies (38.2%) and analytical data analysis method (90.2%). Original research articles in Dental Materials (88.9%) and Behavioral, Epidemiological and Health Services Research (100%), review articles in Prosthodontics (37.5%), and case reports in Diagnostic Research (57.1%) was more common. The highest citation prevalence was found in Periodontology (2.75). Most of the articles (28.9%) have 3 authors. Most of the articles(90.8%) originated from Turkey with the greatest contributions from Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry (22.4%). The manuscript language was Turkish at a rate of 57.9%. Among a total of 282 keywords, the most frequently used keywords were ‘‘bond strength’’ (n=6) and ‘‘composite resin’’ (n=5). Conclusions: The profile of citations in CDJ shows that original research in the research areas of Dental Materials and Behavioral, Epidemiological and Health Services Research is predominant, with growing participation of local authors.

Introduction: Journal clubs are a strategy that allows students to be exposed to critical appraisal of articles from the early stages of their training. Its long-term impact on the formation of competencies is debated. Objetive: To evaluate if the sessions of a Journal Club increase the confidence that Dentistry students have in their abilities to critically appraise a clinical trial. Material and Methods: A prospective cohort study that involved 21 students from the Faculty of Dentistry of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (Lima, Peru) who participated in six Journal Club monthly sessions. The sessions involved the analysis and discussion of clinical trials. Confidence to critically appraise an article before and after was assessed using a self-administered scale. Final and baseline scores were analyzed using a Wilcoxon test. Results: Nineteen students finished all the sessions. Scores before the sessions were on average 2.09±1.17, while after the sixth session an average of 3.53±0.26 was obtained (p

The scientific peer review process involves scrutinizing the work of researchers by a panel of scientific experts who are selected by the journal to which they have submitted a manuscript. It ensures that only the best ideas and the highest quality of research are circulated through the publications in the scientific journals. The concept of peer review preceded the development of the scientific journal, has co-evolved with the scientific method, and has now become irreplaceably integrated with it. The traditional method of peer review involved multiple submissions and revisions and was criticized for being time-consuming and biased with the reports of professional misconduct even among the renowned journals. Several guidelines now ensure a more ethical, consistent and rigorous review process. Novel methods of review such as the use of registered reports and the dynamic review methods are also being explored by publishers to deal with these issues. Although the role of peer review as a gatekeeper for high-quality research has been well established, its value in future research is rapidly evolving. Newer methods and adherence to guidelines will go a long way in improving this imperfect pillar of science.

MAY AUTHORS’ PUBLISHED ARTICLES LAST FOREVER!

Sin lugar a dudas, el lenguaje es un potente instrumento de comunicación social y permite la adquisición de conocimientos y el desarrollo de nuevas formas de pensamiento. El lenguaje forma parte de la cultura y, por tanto, de los conocimientos y las actitudes que se transmiten de una generación a otra. No es de extrañar, entonces, que las campañas de sensibilización hacia la igualdad de género también se ocupen del lenguaje, a fin de que se utilice un lenguaje no sexista e inclusivo como una medida más hacia una sociedad más igualitaria. No obstante, en ocasiones, el afán por promover un uso no sexista del lenguaje llega a contravenir las normas de la gramática y, los editores, nos debatimos en los siguientes dilemas: ¿mostramos nuestro respeto, compromiso y sensibilización con la igualdad de género asumiendo este tipo de redacción o nos acogemos a la norma de la lengua y adoptamos sus recomendaciones?, ¿favorecemos la expresión de la sensibilidad de género a pesar de que este tipo de redacción dificulta la comprensión del texto y entorpece su lectura? Y, considerando que uno de las normas de la literatura científica es que esta ha de ser clara, simple, sin grandes ornamentaciones en el lenguaje, nos preguntamos: ¿es conforme ese estilo de redacción con las directrices para la escritura de artículos científicos?, ¿deben las revistas científicas primar la corrección en la expresión o tienen cabida estas formas de redacción en ellas? ABSTRACT Without a doubt, language is a powerful instrument for social communication and it allows the acquisition of knowledge and the development of new ways of thinking. Language is part of the culture and, therefore, of the knowledge and attitudes pass down from generation to generation. It is not surprising, then, that awareness campaigns towards gender equity also concern about language, promoting a non-sexist and inclusive language as one more step towards a more egalitarian society. Nevertheless, sometimes that eagerness for promoting a non-sexist use of language contravene gramatical rules and editors must face some dilemmas: do we show our respect, compromise and awareness towards gender equity adopting that stile of redaction or should we attend to the gramatical rules?, do we promote the expression of gender awareness despite this kind of redaction hinder the comprehension of the text and it obstruct its reading? And, considering that one of the rules for scientific literature is that it must be clear and simple, without language ornamentation, we wonder: is it this kind of redaction according to the scientific articles writing guidelines?, should scientific journals encourage the correct expression or this kind of redactions have a place?

QUALITY PEER REVIEW IS ESSENTIAL FOR SCHOLARLY PUBLISHING

Introduction: The Brazilian Journal of Plastic Surgery (RBCP - Revista Brasileira de Cirurgia Plástica)is the Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery (SBCP - Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Plástica) official publication and will complete 35 years of existence in 2021. During this period, few articles analyzed the content published by the journal. This work aims to carry out an analysis of articles published in RBCP between 2010 and 2019. Methods: Descriptive retrospective analysis of articles published in RBCP between 2010 and 2019. Inclusion criteria were articles present in the analyzed issues, of the type “Original Article,” “Review Article,” and “Case Report,” and not be a supplement edition. Results: A total of 1,107 articles were evaluated, of which 931 were included in the study; 700 “Original Articles” (75.2%), 66 “Review Articles” (7%) and 165 (17.8%) “Case Reports.” 3. 012 (73%) males and 1,108 (27%) females among the authors. Nine hundred fourteen articles were produced in Brazil. Of these, 577 (63.1%) in services accredited by Department of Education and Accredited Services (DESC - Departamento de Ensino e Serviços Credenciados) and 337 (36.9%) in non-accredited services. The main themes were aesthetics with 379 (40.7%) articles, followed by head and neck reconstruction with 115 (12.3%) and basic and experimental science with 114 (12.2%) publications. Conclusion: The data presented in this article allow a descriptive analysis of the RBCP. There is a need to intensify the publication of original articles and to discuss the search for gender equality in publications. Institutions that train residents to play an important role in national scientific production and scientific participation during training must be encouraged.

Introduction: Scientific journals are the perfect instrument to communicate results of the research process and transmit knowledge. The editorial board is a team of experts of vital importance in the operation of a scientific journal, however, a frequent editorial practice is the publication of manuscripts in the journals they edit; therefore, we sought to determine the frequency of editorial inbreeding in Peruvian journals in the health area. Methods: A review of the articles published by members of the editorial board of 26 Peruvian journals between 2016 and 2019 was performed, evaluating the manuscripts from the editorial board, as well as analysis of association between the status of indexation in two regional databases and how this influences the frequency of inbreeding in each journal. Results: During the period evaluated, 2885 manuscripts were published, of which 520 had authors of the editorial board as authors. The most frequent type of contribution was the original article. Inbreeding in the years 2016 to 2018, as well as a higher percentage of inbreeding per issue, was statistically higher in the journals belonging to the Latindex directory. Conclusion: Peruvian journals in the health area have heterogeneous frequencies of editorial inbreeding. The journals included in the Latindex directory present higher frequency in editorial inbreeding, compared to journals included in the SciELO-Peru database.

Abstract Background: The Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia (Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia) is the official journal of the Brazilian Society of Dermatology, which has been published since 1925, with free, bilingual access. There are several bibliometric indicators that estimate aspects of a journal’s scientific influence. Its analysis, based especially on the evolutionary trend, allows identifying the journal’s strengths and weaknesses, in addition to guiding editorial policies. Objectives: To evaluate the trends of the main bibliometric indicators of Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, in the decade of 2010–2019. Methods: Methodological study that proposed the analysis of bibliometric indicators published by Journal Citation Reports, SCImago, and Scopus, for the journal Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, from 2010 to 2019. The following aspects were evaluated: Impact factor, Immediacy index, SJR (SCImago), in addition to the number of citations, citable items, Cite Score, percentage of external citations, percentage of cited articles, percentage of citable articles, and the article influence score. Results: There was an increase in the main bibliometric indicators in the last decade: impact factor (0.337 to 1.121), immediacy index (0.054 to 0.204),Eigenfactor (0.00025 to 0.00394), SJR (0.176 to 0.453). The percentage of external citations (48.4% to 94.1%) and cited articles (24.7% to 51.4%) also increased. The increase in the impact factors of Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia in the period was more significant than that of the dermatology journals (1,667 to 2,118) and the Brazilian journals (1,247 to 1,408), indexed in the Journal Citation Reports. Study limitations: Failure in the classification and registration of the databases. Conclusions: There has been a consistent increase in the scientific influence of Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia in the last decade.

Abstract Objective To outline the profile of self-citations from Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia (Rev Bras Ortop) and citations of this journal in other medical orthopaedic journals with general or specific content in a knowledge area of the specialty. Methods This is an observational cross-sectional study of the frequency of self-citations and citations from Rev Bras Ortop in five other medical orthopaedic journals from different countries, all published in English. The last 15 articles published in 2020 in each of the six journals were analyzed. The references used in each of them were evaluated to identify the journal in which they were originally published. The frequency of distribution of the four main journals cited, their position, and the relative percentage to the total number of citations were observed and recorded in each of the six journals. The number of times that the Rev Bras Ortop was cited in each of the selected foreign journals was assessed using its absolute and relative frequencies. Results The total number of citations evaluated in this study was 2,527 (ranging from 386 to 486 per magazine). Rev Bras Ortop showed a low rate of self-citation (2.6%), being the sixth journal cited in the journal itself (10 out of a total of 386 references). Moreover, Rev Bras Ortop was not mentioned in any of the other five medical journals included in the study (absolute frequency 0, relative frequency 0). Conclusion Rev Bras Ortop has a low reference of itself, with a self-citation rate of 2.6% in the studied period, showing that the Brazilian orthopaedic surgeons do not mention the Brazilian orthopaedic surgeon who publishes in the journal. We suggest the elaboration and implementation of strong strategies to improve the journal's visibility in the world academic-scientific scenario. In addition, it is essential that Brazilian orthopaedic surgeons understand this reality and assist directly and effectively to change this scenario.

WAYS TO IMPROVE VISIBILITY OF PUBLICATIONS

The year 2021 is a significant year in which the Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine (KJAsEM) celebrates its 30th anniversary. Therefore, in this review, we look back on the history and development of KJAsEM and suggest the direction we should go forward. In particular, the recent development of KJAsEM was described in more detail, such as opening the KJAsEM journal homepage, an online submission system, and adopting an open access policy.

This article considers the current state and evolution of the Russian publication flow in the field of Computer Science in the Web of Science (WOS) database. In this article, we use the term "Informatics" for "Computer Science". The study analyzes the Russian flow to determine its position in the world Computer Science publication flow and its compliance to the National project "Science" requirements.We analyzed the Russian publication flow in 2010–2019 and compared it with other countries. The structure of the flow by the document type and its temporal dynamics was studied as well as the impact on citation metrics. Compliance of the flow characteristics to the requirements of the Ministry of Higher Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Ministry) requirements was analyzed.The analysis indicates an increase in the number of Russian computer science publications within 2010-2019,which outstrips the increase in the total number of world publications in Computer Science. This allowed Russia to move from 34 to 15 positions in the world rating in the studied research area. However, this position is not sufficient to achieve the goal of the "Science" National Project, namely, at least, the fifth position in the world rating.According to the methodic requirements of the Ministry, four types of documents were studied: Journals Articles, Conferences Proceeding Papers, Book Chapters, and Reviews. All journals have been classified into the WOS journal quartiles. Our analysis shows that the percentage of publications in the journals of higher quartiles (first and second) increases constantly and made 42 % in 2019.An increase in the number of the Conference Proceeding Papers was the highest among the studied document types.The number of citations of the published documents was studied for each document type. It was shown thatthe citing of the Journal Articles is by the order of magnitude higher than that of the Conference Proceeding Papers. This result indicates the very low interest of the Scientific Society to the Conference Proceeding Papers as compared with the Journal Articles. We conclude that an increase in the number and relative share of the Conference Proceeding Papers together with their low citation results in the low numbers of the overall citation of the Russian publication flow in comparison with other countries neighboring Russia in the world rating.The "Quality Coefficient" was calculated according to the Ministry’s methodic requirements. It was shown that the contribution of Conference Proceedings Papers to this coefficient is much lower than Journals Articles despite the number of the Conference Proceeding Papers is significantly higher.As a result, the flow of Russian publications in the field of Informatics demonstrates significant, though insufficient, growth within the analyzed period. Special attention should be paid to the document type structure of the flow.

Background: A gap exists from evidence-based medicine (EBM) to clinical practice and there is a felt need to bridge this. Critical appraisal of scientific articles during Journal club by postgraduate (PG) residents will help them to understand and apply the scientific evidence into best clinical practice. Hence, a new module of critical appraisal of journal articles was used for Psychiatry Residents in a Medical College and its impact was assessed. Materials and Methods: Nine psychiatry PG residents from three academic batches participated in the study after informed consent and Institutional ethical committee clearance. They were trained in the Colorado Psychiatry EBM Examination Test module. Subsequently, three consecutive journal article presentations of them were assessed under seven Subtests of the module. Results: There was gradual increase in the assessment scores of all PG residents with each journal article presentation. They also expressed satisfaction of the assessment method and felt confident of applying the principles of critical appraisal in their clinical practice in future. Conclusion: This study evaluated the impact of a new module of critical appraisal of journal article by psychiatry PG residents. It was found to be acceptable by residents and improved their competency to apply literature-based EBM into their clinical practice. It is recommended for further multicentric evaluation on a larger sample.

Abstract Objective To investigate peer review practices by medical imaging journals. Methods Journals in the category "radiology, nuclear medicine and medical imaging" of the 2018 Journal Citation Reports were included. Results Of 119 included journals, 62 (52.1%) used single-blinded peer review, 49 (41.2%) used double-blinded peer review, two (1.7%) used open peer review and one (0.8%) used both single-blinded and double-blinded peer reviews, while the peer review model of five journals (4.2%) remained unclear. The use of single-blinded peer review was significantly associated with a journal’s impact factor (correlation coefficient of 0.218, P = 0.022). On subgroup analysis, only subspecialty medical imaging journals had a significant association between the use of single-blinded peer review and a journal’s impact factor (correlation coefficient of 0.354, P = 0.025). Forty-eight journals (40.3%) had a reviewer preference option, 48 journals (40.3%) did not have a reviewer recommendation option, and 23 journals (19.3%) obliged authors to indicate reviewers on their manuscript submission systems. Sixty-four journals (53.8%) did not provide an explicit option on their manuscript submission Web site to indicate nonpreferred reviewers, whereas 55 (46.2%) did. There were no significant associations between the option or obligation to indicate preferred or nonpreferred reviewers and a journal’s impact factor. Conclusion Single-blinded peer review and the option or obligation to indicate preferred or nonpreferred reviewers are frequently employed by medical imaging journals. Single-blinded review is (weakly) associated with a higher impact factor, also for subspecialty journals. The option or obligation to indicate preferred or nonpreferred reviewers is evenly distributed among journals, regardless of impact factor.

Background: Medical students are expected to be self-directed learners and constantly update their knowledge. Apart from the books, journals also help in this knowledge gathering exercise. This study was conducted with an objective to assess the journal usage pattern among undergraduate medical students and to consider implementing a training program on journal use based on the survey findings. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among the undergraduate medical students using anonymous self-administered online questionnaire. The e-mail address and WhatsApp number of the students were initially collected with the help of student volunteers from each batch, and then, an online link to the survey was sent to all of them by these volunteers. Results: Around 37% (190/505) of the respondents reported having used journals, and nearly three-fourths of them were introduced to journals by their faculties. Research articles were the most sought after article type among the students. The Medline database was very commonly used by the students. Around 80% of the respondents opined that journal usage may be included as a training program at the undergraduate level. Conclusion: Perception regarding including journal usage as a training program at the undergraduate level was significantly associated (P < 0.05) with journal use among students.

Objective: To analyze a bibliometric profile of scientific production published in Acta Stomatologica Croatica (ASCRO). Material and methods: Scientific papers published from March 2009 to December2018 were analyzed. Information on the year of publication was collected by four trained examiners. Dentistry area, study type and design, data analysis method, presence of randomization, number of authors and corresponding author affiliation were investigated. Data were analyzed descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 328 articles were evaluated, with a predominance of research in the field of Dental Materials (16.5%), with original article being the most frequent (74.1%). Observational studies accounted for 52.4%, using inferential statistics (83.2%) and non-randomized experimental studies (66.1%). Cross-sectional studies were more common in areas of Behavioral, Epidemiologic & Health Services Research (86.3%), case reports in Craniofacial Biology (54.0%) and Oral Health Research (53.1%), while in vitro studies were more common in the areas of Dental Materials (90.7%),Microbiology / Immunology (70.0%) and Cariology Research (66.7%). Most articles were written by four authors (24.1%), while foreign affiliation was observed in 53.0% of studies. Conclusion: The profile of ASCRO scientific production shows a predominance of original studies carried out in the are as of Dental Materials and Behavioral, Epidemiologic & Health Services Research, with growing participation of foreign researchers.

Abstract Background Translating research into practice is a central priority within the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Roadmap. The underlying aim of the NIH Roadmap is to accelerate the movement of scientific findings into practical health care provisions through translational research. Main text Despite the advances in health sciences, emerging infectious diseases have become more frequent in recent decades. Furthermore, emerging and reemerging pathogens have led to several global public health challenges. A question, and to an extent a concern, arises from this: Why our health care system is experiencing several challenges in encountering the coronavirus outbreak, despite the ever-growing advances in sciences, and the exponential rise in the number of published articles in the first quartile journals and even the ones among the top 1%? Conclusion Two responses could be potentially provided to the above question: First, there seems to be a significant gap between our theoretical knowledge and practice. And second that many scholars and scientists publish papers only to have a longer list of publications, and therefore publishing is viewed as a personal objective, rather than for improving communities’ public health.

Unfortunately, articles submitted to journals are rejected more frequently than is desirable. Journals themselves estimate that more than 60% of submitted articles are rejected without review (for top journals, the figure may even be 80%). Thus, whatever an article’s content or quality, an outright rejection should be expected right from the time of submission, and a reaction strategy defined beforehand. Each rejection should be carefully examined and fully understood before attempting any response. Here are some hints for beginners—or for edgy authors.

Introduction: Much of the research works developed by students and presented in scientific events are not published in scientific journals. Objective: To characterize the research works presented in the 2016 and 2018 editions of the Evento Científico Estudiantil Nacional de Medicina Interna (National Student Scientific Event on Internal Medicine - (MEDINTÁVILA) and those published in scientific journals, as well as to identify factors associated with their publication. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional analytical study. A search strategy was carried out in April 2020 in Google Scholar in order to verify if the works presented in the 2016 y 2018 editions of the event had been published, in English or Spanish, in scientific journals. Bivariate analyses were performed to determine whether there were characteristics of the works associated with their publication, calculating prevalence ratios, along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals and p-values and using generalized linear models (family=Poisson; link=log) in which each university submitting the research work was used as a cluster. A significance level of p

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze scientific evidence available in health literature on ethics, standardization and biometric indicators. Method: an integrative review carried out in August 2016, on the databases: National Library of Medicine, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Latin-American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences), and on the library Scientific Electronic Library Online. The review included primary articles on: ethics, standardization and biometric indicators, in Portuguese, English, or Spanish; and excluded studies that were not found as full texts, as well as opinions, commentary, reviews, theses, and dissertations. For the evaluation of the articles, it was used evidence levels from one to five. Results: eight articles were included, with scientific evidence levels 4 and 5: scientific productivism, production evaluation systems, internationalization, impact factor, classification of journals, and adequate and inadequate practices for publication. Conclusion: it was verified the need for publications with higher evidence levels so that Brazilian journals can follow international standards dealing with research ethics.

مقدمه: با توجه به نقش ماهیتی انتشار مقالات در حوزه سلامت و سهم استادان در ایفای این نقش، پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعيين چالش‌های نگارش و انتشار مقالات علمي حوزه سلامت از ديدگاه اعضاي هيأت علمي دانشگاه علوم پزشكي اصفهان انجام شد. روش بررسی: این مطالعه به روش پيمايشي انجام گرفت. جامعه تحقیق را 250 نفر از اعضاي هيأت علمي دانشگاه علوم پزشكي اصفهان تشکیل داد كه به روش تصادفي طبقه‌اي انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع‌آوري اطلاعات، پرسش‌نامه محقق ساخته بود كه روايي آن توسط پژوهشگران مجرب دانشگاه و پايايي آن با استفاده از ضريب Cronbach's alpha (89/0) تأييد گردید. در نهایت، داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون‌ t مورد تجزیه و تحليل قرار گرفت. یافته‎ها: از شش دسته چالش‌های نگارش و انتشار مقالات علمی، چالش‌های حرفه‌ای- تخصصی با میانگین 05/3، چالش‌های شخصی با میانگین 00/3 و امکانات و تجهیزات با میانگین 98/2 بیشتر از سایر چالش‌ها در نگارش و انتشار مقالات علمی تأثیرگذار بود. در مقابل، چالش‌های اجتماعی- فرهنگی با میانگین 41/2، کمترین اهمیت را در نگارش و انتشار مقالات علمی داشت. نتیجه‎گیری: سیاست‌گذاران پژوهشی دانشگاه‌های علوم پزشکی کشور می‌توانند با مورد توجه قرار دادن نتایج پژوهش حاضر، مسیر تولید مقالات و شواهد معتبر در حوزه سلامت را هموار نمایند و زمینه به کارگیری پزشکی مبتنی بر شواهد را فراهم سازند.

Every year, the Peruvian Student Medical Scientific Society (SOCIMEP) hosts the National Scientific Congress (NSC) of Medical Students, an event that has brought together students from 40 medical schools in the country since 1987 with the goal of promoting scientific research during undergraduate studies.1 To that end, each NSC holds a scientific competition that evaluates and rewards the best works in three categories: research works, research projects, and clinical cases.