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Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate the impact of nursing interventions on the rehabilitation outcomes of patients after lumbar spine surgery and to provide effective references for future postoperative care for patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery. Methods The study included two groups: a control group receiving routine care and an observation group receiving additional comprehensive nursing care. The comprehensive care encompassed postoperative rehabilitation, pain, psychological, dietary management, and discharge planning. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Short-Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey, self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) were used to assess physiological and psychological recovery. Blood albumin, haemoglobin, neutrophil counts, white blood cell counts, red blood cell counts, inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ) were measured, and the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions was also recorded. Results Patients in the observation group exhibited significantly improved VAS, ODI, SF-36, SDS and SAS scores assessments post-intervention compared to the control group (P 0.05), suggesting that the comprehensive nursing interventions did not increase the risk of adverse effects. Conclusion Comprehensive nursing interventions have a significant impact on the postoperative recovery outcomes of patients with LSS, alleviating pain, reducing inflammation levels, and improving the overall quality of patient recovery without increasing the patient burden. Therefore, in clinical practice, it is important to focus on comprehensive nursing interventions for patients with LSS to improve their recovery outcomes and quality of life.

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, which has demonstrated notable efficacy against B-cell malignancies and is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for clinical use in this context, represents a significant milestone in cancer immunotherapy. However, the efficacy of CAR-T therapy for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is poor. The challenges associated with the application of CAR-T therapy for the clinical treatment of AML include, but are not limited to, nonspecific distribution of AML therapeutic targets, difficulties in the production of CAR-T cells, AML blast cell heterogeneity, the immunosuppressive microenvironment in AML, and treatment-related adverse events. In this review, we summarize the recent findings regarding various therapeutic targets for AML (CD33, CD123, CLL1, CD7, etc.) and the results of the latest clinical studies on these targets. Thereafter, we also discuss the challenges related to CAR-T therapy for AML and some promising strategies for overcoming these challenges, including novel approaches such as gene editing and advances in CAR design.

Summary: Background: Urban living is linked to better health outcomes due to a combination of enhanced access to healthcare, transportation, and human development opportunities. However, spatial inequalities lead to disparities, resulting in urban health advantages and penalties. Understanding the relationship between health and urban development is needed to generate empirical evidence in promoting healthy aging populations. This study provides a comparative analysis using epidemiological evidence across diverse major Chinese cities, examining how their unique urban development trajectories over time have impacted the health of their aging residents. Methods: We tracked changes in air pollution (NO2, PM2.5, O3), green space (measured by NDVI), road infrastructure (ring road areas), and nighttime lighting over 20 years in six major cities in China. We followed a longitudinal cohort of 4992 elderly participants (average age 87.8 years) over 16,824 person-years. We employed Cox proportional hazard regression to assess longevity, assessing 14 variables, including age, sex, ethnicity, marital status, residence, household income, occupation, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, and points of interest (POI) count of medicine-related facilities, sports, and leisure service-related places, and scenic spots within a 5 km-radius buffer. Findings: Geographic proximity to points of interest significantly improves survival. Elderly living in proximity of the POI-rich areas had a 34.6%–35.6% lower mortality risk compared to those in POI-poor areas, for the highest compared to the lowest quartile. However, POI-rich areas had higher air pollution levels, including PM2.5 and NO2, which was associated with a 21% and 10% increase in mortality risk for increase of 10 μg/m3, respectively. The benefits of urban living had higher effect estimates in monocentric cities, with clearly defined central areas, compared to polycentric layouts, with multiple satellite city centers. Interpretation: Spatial inequalities create urban health advantages for some and penalties for others. Proximity to public facilities and economic activities is associated with health benefits, and may counterbalance the negative health impacts of lower green space and higher air pollution. Our empirical evidence show optimal health gains for age-friendly urban environments come from a balance of infrastructure, points of interest, green spaces, and low air pollution. Funding: Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (IS23105), National Natural Science Foundation of China (82250610230, 72061137004), World Health Organization (2024/1463606-0), Research Fund Vanke School of Public Health Tsinghua University (2024JC002), Beijing TaiKang YiCai Public Welfare Foundation, National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC2000400).

Objective: Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) values serve as a summary of an individual's combined dietary antioxidant intake. Although specific antioxidants are known to reduce thyroid damage from oxidative stress, the relationship between the CDAI and thyroid function remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was thus to investigate this relationship in greater detail while focusing on a representative American adult population. Methods: A total of 6,860 subjects from the 2007–2012 NHANES cohort were included in this study. Associations between CDAI values and thyroid function were evaluated with weighted linear regression models and smoothed curve fitting. Subgroup analyses were also performed. Results: The weighted mean (SD) values for variables analyzed in this study included a CDAI of 0.13 (0.06), serum free T4 (FT4) levels of 0.80 (0.01) ng/dL, and serum total T4 (TT4) levels of 7.80 (0.03) ug/dL. Lower CDAI values were found to be associated with higher levels of FT4 and TT4 using both unadjusted and adjusted models that accounted for relevant confounders (adjusted model, FT4 β = −0.003, p = 0.005; TT4 β = −0.035, p

The retaining wall is a passive engineering measure to prevent and control unsafe factors caused by rock collapse in the valleys. Existing studies have mainly focused on its functional robustness and safety features, with few exploring its visual quality in the landscape. A multiple regression analysis was applied to evaluate the Scenic Beauty Estimation (SBE) of the giant retaining wall in Jiuzhaigou's (a world natural heritage site) Heye Village, then the factors affecting SBE were analyzed. It is found that enhancing the sense of perspective and spatial hierarchy of retaining-wall murals in narrow roads contributes to the extension of observers' sight, which is the key to improving SBE. Furthermore, the showcase of folk culture in murals can realize the beautification function of the giant retaining walls. In addition, the SBE of giant retaining walls is also linked to coordination, where the walls embellished with the natural landscape and folk culture murals have better SBE performance than those with local stones. This study provides a reference for constructing scenic beauty after fulfilling the safety function of retaining wall engineering.

The retaining wall is a passive engineering measure to prevent and control unsafe factors caused by rock collapse in the valleys. Existing studies have mainly focused on its functional robustness and safety features, with few exploring its visual quality in the landscape. A multiple regression analysis was applied to evaluate the Scenic Beauty Estimation (SBE) of the giant retaining wall in Jiuzhaigou’s (a world natural heritage site) Heye Village, then the factors affecting SBE were analyzed. It is found that enhancing the sense of perspective and spatial hierarchy of retaining-wall murals in narrow roads contributes to the extension of observers’ sight, which is the key to improving SBE. Furthermore, the showcase of folk culture in murals can realize the beautification function of the giant retaining walls. In addition, the SBE of giant retaining walls is also linked to coordination, where the walls embellished with the natural landscape and folk culture murals have better SBE performance than those with local stones. This study provides a reference for constructing scenic beauty after fulfilling the safety function of retaining wall engineering.

Soft tissue modelling plays a significant role in surgery simulation as well as surgical procedure planning and training. However, it is a challenging research task to satisfy both physical realism and real-time simulation for soft tissue deformation. The finite element method (FEM) is a representative strategy for modelling of soft tissue deformation with highly physical realism. However, it suffers from expensive computations, unable to meet the requirement of real-time simulation. This paper proposes a novel method by combining FEM with the Kalman filter for real-time and accurate modelling of soft tissue deformation. The novelty of this method is that soft tissue deformation is formulated as a filtering identification process to online estimate soft tissue deformation from local measurement of displacement. To construct the discrete system state equation for filtering estimation, soft tissue deformation is discretised based on elastic theory in the space domain by FEM and is further discretised in the time domain by using the Wilson-θ implicit integration to solve the dynamic equilibrium equation of FEM deformation modelling. Subsequently, a Kalman filter is developed for online estimation and analysis of soft tissue deformation according to local measurement of displacement. Interactive tool-tissue interaction with haptic feedback is also achieved for surgery simulation. The presented method significantly improves the computational performance of the traditional FEM, but still maintains a similar level of accuracy. It not only achieves the real-time performance, but also exhibits the similar deformation behaviours as the traditional FEM and enables the use of large time steps to improve the simulation efficiency.

With the rapid development of the world economy, human thinking and ideas are also progressing. Today’s society should break the gender dichotomy and popularize women’s right to education. Compared with the feudal society, women’s issues in today’s society have made great progress, but there are still some serious social problems. This paper discusses women’s issues in education, reproduction and gender, and how contemporary women’s issues have evolved. In order to solve the problem of women, we should first eliminate the influence of the patriarchal culture. Although gender culture has a certain lag, its development needs the joint efforts of the whole society. After the whole society generally pays attention to women’s issues, there will be more outstanding women, which is more conducive to the development of the society.

The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Conwentzia sinica Yang, 1974 was sequenced and analyzed. The sequenced mitogenome is 15,153 bp in size, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and one control region. Thirteen PCGs use ATN as the start codon. Most of PCGs terminate with TAA codons but ND5, ND4 with a single T residue, and ND3 terminates with TAG. The lrRNA gene is 1290 bp. The measured length of srRNA gene is 782 bp. Twenty-two tRNA genes possess the typical clover-leaf secondary structure except for tRNASer(AGN). The phylogenetic result supports the monophyly of the family Coniopterygidae and a closer relationship between Conwentzia and Coniopteryx.