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Introduction: knee osteoarthritis is one of the most important causes of pain and disability in society. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of pain and the quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis treated with Nigella Sativa capsules and drug therapy. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on patients who referred to the Baqiyatallah clinic with complaints of knee osteoarthritis in 2022. A total of 120 patients were randomly divided into two groups, namely, standard treatment (physiotherapy, exercise to strengthen muscles and nutritional recommendations), and the group receiving Nigella Sativa capsules (650 mg, orally and twice a day). Then 36-item Quality of Life Questionnaire, Functional Questionnaire, Western Ontario and Mcmaster Universities Index (WOMAC), and Visual Pain Scale (VAS) were completed for patients in both case and control groups. All the collected data were entered into SPSS software and analyzed using Chi Squared and Student's t-test. In all analyses, the significance limit of the results was p value=0.05. Results: No significant difference was found between the quality of life score of the patients in the case and control groups (p>0.05). However, a significant difference was observed in the visual pain intensity score between the case and control groups (p0.05). Conclusion: The result of our study showed that Nigella Sativa capsules reduces pain, improves dry joints, and reduces visual pain, however it did not have any significant effect on the quality of life.

Introduction: Iron drops are often prescribed to children less than 2 years of age. Due to their low pH, these drops may soften the enamel and accelerate its destruction. The present study aimed to evaluate the enamel hardness of deciduous teeth after being exposed to various iron drops.Material and Methods: A total of 48 healthy deciduous anterior teeth were randomly assigned to four groups (n=12 in each group). The samples were exposed to three drops of Sideral iron, Ferrosomal, and Ferrous sulfate for 5 min. Surface hardness was measured before and after iron drop exposure. Four groups were exposed to HCL, and the obtained data were analyzed using the least significant difference (LSD) test and analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: In all groups, a decrease was observed in the surface hardness of surface enamel. In the Sideral group, the average initial hardness was 358.81, the secondary hardness was 337.23, and the tertiary hardness was 221.19. In the Ferosomal group, the average primary hardness was 375.67, the secondary hardness was 336.80, and the tertiary hardness was 208.23. In the Ferrous sulfate group, the average initial hardness was 383.41, the secondary hardness was 301.73, and the tertiary hardness was 149.13. Therefore, the three groups statistically differ before and after the iron drop. After the use of iron drop in an acidic environment, there was a statistical difference between Ferrous sulfate and two other drops (P

Objective: To study the result of nerve repair in the two mentioned techniques in rats to find the proper answer to the existing disagreement. Methods: Twenty adult male rats were included in treatment group. Acutely disconnected sciatic nerve was repaired by Epineural technique in half of the rats; in the other half perineurial technique was applied. After 80 d, the number of grown axons of distal on the repair site was calculated through the use of an optical microscope. Additionally by studying the foot print of the rats the return of neural motor activity was evaluated. Results: In epineural group, SFI index was: (56.33±32.30) and in perineurial group: (55.71±30.31); P value=0.930 with their being no difference between these two techniques of surgery. However, in comparing epineural and perineurial groups in the groups themselves, statistical tests showed a significant difference showing functional improvement in comparison with the day before surgery P value=0.0001. Statistical tests showed that the average of axons' number distal to anastomosis site in the epineural group was (349±80) and in the perineurial group was (405±174). These groups have no significant difference regarding the number of axons (P value=0.36). Conclusion: The results of epineural and perineurial surgery techniques show no difference in nerve repair, SFI index, or axon counting in distal part.