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Objective:To observe the effect of catheterization time combined with catheterization volume on patients with incomplete bladder emptying (IBE) after stroke.Methods:A total of 62 patients with IBE after stroke were divided into the control group (n=30) and the observation group (n=32) respectively, in the first affiliated hospital of Nanchang University from June to December 2017, according to the random number table method. The control group was given routine rehabilitation treatment such as transcutaneous nerve stimulation, acupuncture, bladder function retraining, and at the same time, the patients were given time-type intermittent catheterization once every 4-8 hours. The observation group was given catheterization time combined with catheterization volume on the basis of routine rehabilitation treatment in the control group. The patients were classified according to the results of urodynamics and bladder volume pressure measurement. Bladder volume before urination and residual urine volume after micturition were dynamically monitored by BladderScar (BVI9400) and micturition diary bedside, and intermittent catheterization was performed when the urine volume reached"bladder safety capacity". Before and after intervention, the patients'micturition volume, times of micturition and interval time of micturition were observed; the bladder safety capacity and residual urine volume were assessed by Bladder capacity tester; the incidence of urinary tract infection was assessed by laboratory urine culture; the reimplantation of indwelling catheter was observed in the two groups.Results:Before intervention, there was no significant difference in micturition volume, micturition times, voiding time interval, bladder volume, residual urine volume, urinary tract infection and repeated indwelling catheter times between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with those before intervention, the urine volume and bladder volume in the observation group increased significantly and the residual urine volume decreased significantly after intervention for three weeks, and the difference was statistically significant (PPP>0.05).Conclusion:Catheterization time combined with volume intermittent catheterization is helpful for patients to re-establish micturition reflex arc, increase self-micturition volume and bladder capacity, reduce residual urine volume and average daily micturition times according to accurate bladder safety capacity. It is worthy of clinical application to promote the recovery of patients'autonomous voiding function and reduce the risk of urinary tract infection.

Kuo-Wei Yu,1,* Chien-Lin Lin,1,2 Chun-Chuang Hung,3 Eric Chieh-Lung Chou,4 Yueh-Ling Hsieh,5 Te-Mao Li,2,3,* Li-Wei Chou1,2,61Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; 2School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 3Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 4Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; 5Department of Physical Therapy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; 6Acupuncture Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan*These authors contributed equally to this workBackground: Incomplete bladder emptying (IBE) is defined as having a postvoid residual (PVR) urine volume greater than 100 mL for 2 consecutive days. IBE is common in stroke patients and could necessitate indwelling or intermittent catheterization. The condition is correlated with urinary tract infections, which could impede rehabilitation progress and increase medical costs. Treatment for patients with IBE includes bladder retraining, biofeedback, medication, and botulinum toxin injection, but none of these interventions are completely effective.Methods: All patients with acute stroke who were admitted to the rehabilitation ward between August 2010 and April 2011 were included in the study and their PVR urine volume was checked. Electroacupuncture (EA; 1 Hz, 15 minutes) was performed on the acupoints Sanyinjiao (SP6), Ciliao (BL32), and Pangguangshu (BL28) of stroke patients with IBE for a total of ten treatments (five times a week for 2 weeks). Bladder diaries, which included the spontaneous voiding and PVR urine volumes, were recorded during the course of treatment.Results: The presence of IBE was not related to sex, history of diabetes mellitus, stroke type (hemorrhagic or ischemic), or stroke location (P > 0.05). Among the 49 patients in the study, nine (18%) had IBE, and seven of the stroke patients with IBE were treated with EA. Increased spontaneous voiding volume and decreased PVR urine volume were noted after ten sessions of EA.Conclusion: EA may have beneficial effects on stroke survivors with IBE, thereby making it a potential safe modality with which to improve urinary function.Keywords: acupuncture, electroacupuncture, incomplete bladder emptying, rehabilitation, stroke, urinary retention