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Introduction: Lead, a heavy metal, has been proven to influence the ecosystem negatively. The use of lead in processing or as raw materials increases Pb exposure to humans from various sources, including waste or consumed products. This study aims to determine the most recent information regarding lead contamination sourced from the environment, at-risk populations, and the health impacts of this heavy metal contamination. Results and Discussion: This systematic review used a database sourced from Google Scholar. The keywords searched were "lead exposure, environment, or health" in articles published in 2020-2023. After article screening and exclusion, 26 research articles were eventually reviewed. Lead was detected in water, air, and soil, generally in various foods or products consumed by humans. Environmental factors were the most frequent source of contamination. The population at risk of lead exposure were children. Several studies have found that various health impacts were significantly associated with lead exposure from different environmental sources and lead concentrations in biomarkers. Conclusion: Pb contamination was increasingly widespread in the environment through various sources. Exposure to lead may cause diverse health problems.

Background: One of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) is universal access to clean water and basic sanitation by 2030. Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) support SDG targets such as eliminating poverty and improving health and education. Methods: The sample of this study amounted to 30 schools consisting of 10 elementary schools, 10 junior high schools, and 10 senior high schools. Sampling was based on stakeholder decisions on several issues related to washing. Results: This study was conducted by directly observing schools regarding the amount of drinking water, number of toilets, bathrooms, handwashing facilities alone, and handwashing facilities with water and soap. The results showed that elementary and junior high schools have insufficient toilet facilities and low handwashing facilities with water and soap. The average number of handwashing facilities with water and soap in schools in Bekasi City, Indonesia, was 1 for elementary schools, followed by junior high schools and high schools for 4-5 points. Conclusion: As soap is still unavailable in many Bekasi City schools, and there are inadequate handwashing facilities, it is recommended that handwashing facilities must be available with soap and water.

Hypertension is a manifestation of disturbances in the hemodynamics of the High blood pressure in pregnancy can reduce blood flow to the placenta, which will affect the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the baby. This can slow the growth of the baby and increase the risk during delivery. Pregnancy Hypertension ranks as the ninth disease at Aliyah Kendari Hospital with a prevalence that increases every year, namely 13% in 2019, 15.2% in 2020, 14% in 2021, and 15.5% in 2022 which has an impact on increasing miscarriage in the first trimester and sudden fetal death (stillbirth). This study aims to determine the factors associated with hypertension in pregnant women at the hospital. Aliyah Kendari City. This research was conducted at Aliyah Hospital, Kendari City in 2022. The research was conducted with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were pregnant women at Aliyah Hospital, Kendari City during January-June 2022. The sampling technique used a random sampling system, namely by randomizing the patient's medical record number. The type of data in this study used secondary data from medical record data January-June 2022 by collecting data using form sheets and checklist sheets. Data analysis technique using chi-square analysis. Based on the bivariate analysis, it showed that there was a significant relationship between age (p value = 0.000, PR = 3.020), obesity (p value = 0.000, PR = 8.718), family history of hypertension (p value = 0.000, PR = 2.918), parity (p value = 0.000, PR = 2.181), working mother status (p value = 0.003, PR = 1.358). The suggestion of this research is that hospitals can further improve education about hypertension in pregnancy.

Introduction: Indoor air quality greatly affects human health, because almost 90% of human life is indoors. This study aims to analyze the number of airborne germs at Soekarno Hatta Airport in 2021. Methods: The research design was cross-sectional study. The number of measurements of airborne germ numbers was carried out in 29 locations with 136 sample points, and mapping was carried out at 20 locations with 78 sample points. Data collection was using secondary data from Port Health Office of Class I Soekarno Hatta. The analysis used is univariate analysis, presented in the form of a frequency distribution table and mapping with ArcGIS and AutoCad. Results and Discussion: The study showed that most of the airborne germ numbers matched the quality standard, but there were 14 sample points (10.3%) that exceeded the quality standard. High-risk locations with red zones are located at Domestic Terminal 3 and Port Health Office of Class I Soekarno Hatta. Low-risk locations with green zones are in International Terminal 3 and Terminal 2. Conclusion: Therefore, all building, bus, and airline managers need to improve implementation disinfection, cleaning of the entire area, periodic maintenance of air conditioner and replacement of Hepafilter. Measurement of air germ numbers is needed as a routine activity of Port Health Office of Class I Soekarno Hatta to evaluate and monitor air quality

Patients who self-quarantine were carried out to break the chain from the spread of the COVID-19 virus, but a new problem arose: solid medical B3 waste originating from these patients. If this B3 medical waste is not managed properly, it can potentially transmit and be contaminated by infectious substances. Management of infectious waste from self-quarantine patients was minimal because most people did not know about it, and there was a lack of infrastructure from the government. Therefore the researchers were interested in researching the management of B3 waste, substantial B3 waste, from people who carried out Covid-19 self-quarantine. This study aimed to determine the community's effectiveness in managing solid medical B3 waste from COVID-19 self-quarantine activities. Using the snowball sampling method and cross-sectional design, the results showed that there was a significant relationship between Attitude (P Value = 0.000), Knowledge (P value = 0.006), Age (P Value = 0.019), Gender (P value = 0.000), Occupation (P value = 0.000) and Education (P value = 0.04) on community behavior in managing B3 medical waste during the Covid-19 self-quarantine period. Management of Solid B3 Medical Waste from self-quarantine has not been effective since its application is still low, and local drop boxes were not available as temporary shelters for B3 waste.

Introduction: Online motorcycle taxi drivers spend most of their time outside as either driving or waiting for their customers. Therefore, chances of exposure to various air pollutants are higher and may cause various health problems, especially the respiratory problems. Methods: This is a descriptive study that used the Environmental Health Risk Analysis method to estimate the Risk Quotient (RQ) from exposure to PM10, SO2, CO, O3, and NO2 in drivers. The RQ was calculated based on exposure concentrations from the Special Capital Region of Jakarta Environment Agency; daily working hours, working days in a year, and working period obtained from interviews; additionally, body weight measurement, reference concentration (RfC), and the default value of inhalation intake were also collected. The population of this study was adult online motorcycle taxi drivers who operate around areas which become the air quality measurement stations in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta with a total sample of 81 people. Results and Discussion: The RQ for all minimum, average, and maximum concentrations of SO2, CO, and NO2 were 1. The safe concentrations, work duration, and the number of working days also surpassed the maximum safety limit levels. Conclusion: PM10 and O3 ambient exposures are categorized unsafe for drivers. Environmental health efforts are necessary to reduce the concentration of air pollutants, and the guidelines to reduce pollutants exposure should be provided for drivers.