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Abstract Background Anxiety is common preceding tooth extraction; hence, it is crucial to identify patients with dental anxiety (DA) and to manage DA. This study assessed the level of DA and influencing factors in tooth extraction patients in a dental hospital in China and changes in their blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) during the tooth-extraction procedure. Methods The study was a cohort study. The Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) was used to assess the level of DA of 120 patients before tooth extraction. A Demographics and Oral Health Self-Assessment Form was used to assess factors influencing DA. The correlations of DAS scores with HR and BP were measured. The effects of local anesthesia and general anesthesia on HR and BP were also compared using a Datex-Ohmeda anesthesia monitor to detect HR and BP continuously before and after anesthesia. Independent sample t-tests, OLS multiple regression model and one-way analysis of variance were applied to analysis the results. Results Based on the DAS score, 12.5% of the participants were identified as suffering from DA. DA was related to age, gender, and the self-assessment of oral health. The DAS score was correlated with increased BP (P

Introduction: The management of anxiety and fears in patients receiving medical treatment has always been a significant issue. Patients with dental anxiety are challenging to manage in dental offices, as they may require more time for treatment and are often dissatisfied with their dental care, especially among paediatric dental patients. Although Augmented Reality (AR) has not been widely used in dentistry, it is theoretically believed to have a role in alleviating dental anxiety among paediatric patients. Aim: The aim of this study is to explore the level of dental anxiety among children aged 6-14 years, based on age, gender, and treatment status. Additionally, the study aims to investigate whether the preoperative use of AR can alleviate anxiety. The effect of AR on anxiety was evaluated using Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS). Materials and Methods: This randomised controlled study was conducted at a private clinic in Bahcesehir, Istanbul, Turkey. The study duration was two months, from March 2021 to May 2021. The study design aimed to compare the level of anxiety among paediatric patients in an AR exposure condition with those in a control condition. A total of 511 paediatric patients were randomly assigned to either the control group or the intervention condition (i.e., preoperative AR experience versus no preoperative AR experience). A questionnaire survey, including demographic questions and the DAS, was conducted to compare the DAS scores between patients who engaged in the AR experience and those who did not. The data were analysed using the Chi-square test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The control group consisted of 134 females and 118 males, while the experimental group consisted of 139 females and 120 males. The mean DAS scores differed based on age (p

Dental anxiety refers to the unique tension, worry and even fear of dental treatment, which may lead to patients refusing to receive treatment and missing the best time for treatment. With the development of bio-psycho-social medical models, psychotherapy has gradually become the optimal treatment for dental anxiety. This article reviewed the etiology, evaluation and psychotherapy of dental anxiety. Research has shown that uncomfortable dental treatment experience is the main cause of dental anxiety, which is commonly assessed using questionnaires in clinical practice. Psychotherapy for dental anxiety is a noninvasive, widely applicable treatment without side effects, mainly including improving the treatment environment and service attitude, behavior therapy, and cognitive therapy, which has been shown to effectively alleviate dental anxiety in patients. However, psychotherapy for dental anxiety is highly demanding for dentists, which hinders its promotion and application. At the same time, the psychotherapeutic mechanism of dental anxiety is not clear and remains to be further elucidated by large-scale and high-quality randomized controlled studies.

Introduction: One of the main challenges in pediatric dentistry is to provide a favorable experience to the patient, and the success of the treatment depends on this to a large extent. For this reason, multiple methods have arisen, among which are virtual reality glasses, that try to facilitate the management of behavior in the dental office by reducing the dental anxiety of patients. Objectives: The effectiveness of the use of virtual reality glasses as a distraction in pediatric dentistry was studied. In addition, a bibliographic review was performed to determine whether the use of virtual reality reduces anxiety and improves the behavior of children during their dental consultations and dental treatments. Methodology: To obtain the information, we performed a bibliographic review using electronic bibliographic sources from scientific databases, high-impact journals and specialized search engines. Results and Discussion: It is relatively easy to obtain information on the level of dental anxiety of the child patient by means of different scales and the use of a digital pulse oximeter, which helps us to know the effectiveness of the use of virtual reality glasses at the time of the dental procedure. The greatest controversy is found in cases in which it is not possible to adjust them because of the age and size of the child or because of the personal use of glasses. Conclusions: There are multiple studies that confirm the effectiveness of the use of virtual reality glasses as a distraction in pediatric dentistry, and these studies support the effectiveness of virtual reality glasses in reducing dental anxiety and improving the behavior of patients during their consultations and dental treatments.

Dental anxiety is a very important factor affecting the efficacy of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of dental diseases, both in patients in the developmental age and in young adults. Anxiety is considered an emotional state with negative connotations. The aim of the study was to determine the level of dental anxiety in first year university students, the intent being to help to develop an individual treatment plan in this group of patients. The study involved 280 students including 230 females and 50 males. Of these, 122 patients were from the Medical University of Lublin, 79 from University of Life Sciences and 79 from University of Maria Curie-Skłodowska. The mean age of the study subjects was 21 years and 8 months ± 3,9 months. No differences in the level of dental anxiety between women and men were observed. The highest level of dental anxiety was observed among students of University of Life Sciences, while the lowest level was observed among students of the Medical University

Background: Dental treatment induces pain anxiety and fear. This study was conducted to assess the changes in hemodynamic, ventilator, and electrocardiograph changes during extraction procedure among 12-15-year-old children and compare these changes with anxiety, fear, and pain. Materials and Methods: A purposive sample of 60 patients selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria underwent study procedure in the dental OPD of a medical college and hospital. The anxiety, fear, and pain were recorded by dental anxiety scale, dental fear scale, and visual analogue scale, respectively, before the start of the procedure. The systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and electrocardiogram changes were monitored during the extraction procedure. The recording was taken four times (preinjection phase, injection, extraction, and postextraction) and was analyzed. Results: At the preinjection phase the mean vales were systolic blood pressure (128 ± 11.2), diastolic blood pressure (85.7 ± 6.3), heart rate (79.7 ± 9.3), and oxygen saturation (97.9 ± 5.8). These values increased in injection phases and decreased in extraction phase and the least values were found after 10 min of procedure and this relation was significant for all parameters except oxygen saturation (P = 0.48, NS). ECG abnormalities were seen among 22 patients and were significant before and after injection of Local anesthetic (P = 0.0001, S). Conclusions: Anxiety, fear, and pain have an effect on hemodynamic, ventilator, and cardiovascular parameters during the extraction procedure and hence behavioral management has to be emphasized among children in dental clinics.