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The subject of the current article is Foucault's analysis of the ontology of the novel. This research provides an interdisciplinary reading indicating that the ontology of the novel is based on the deconstruction of home’s concept: novel characters, unlike the heroic characters of Greek mythology and the Bible, constantly depart from home to discover the unknown realm of existence or a new dimension of humanity. There is a direct relationship between this transcendental homelessness and the novel's ontology. The results of the current research have shown that the conceptualization of home has yielded specific outcomes: 1. The novel has replaced similarity-based ethics with difference-based ethics. 2. Home is not a fixed and unchanging concept, but rather a construct. 3. The novel's adventure is a journey from the known to the unknown realms. 4. The novel is not in pursuit of utopia but rather maps out heterotopias as realms of diversity and abundance. The clear implication of this research is that the difference between the novel and the epic is not merely a genre difference but rather an ontological difference

This research aims to expose the meanings, and the difference in the structure of the present tense in the frequent Qur’anic readings with an explanation of the impact of this difference in the noble verse, and it aims to provide correct linguistic models that contribute to building the linguistic ability of the students. The methodology was followed in this research, and this research included an introduction, a methodology section, result and discussion, and the last is conclusion. As for the introduction, it defined the subject of the research, the reasons for its selection, its objectives, the method used, the basic rule, previous studies, and the study plan. It focuses on linguistic analogy, meaning of harf jarr, linguistic skills, its definition and methods of obtaining. The present tense verb is preceded by harf lām and atf that considering the lām as a reasoning. It is not a condition for the present tense to be in the accusative case that the lam be clear in its reasoning. The lam and atf has function in the present tense verb “to be made” was read with the kasra of the lam and the accusative, and with the sukun of the lam and the jazm in the context of al-fi’l al-mudhari’, and it is clear that the reading of the kasra of the lam and the accusative was directed by considering the lam for the reasoning and the accusative of “to be made” with (that) is implicitly permissible.

Abstract ER+/HER2- breast cancer is a common subtype of breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of ER-to-PR difference (EPD) in ER+/HER2- early breast cancer (EBC). A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including 3,340 ER+/HER2- EBC patients, divided into a training cohort of 2,873 patients and a validation cohort of 467 patients. The optimal EPD cutoff value for stratifying patients was determined using X-tile. Additionally, the prognostic value of EPD, when combined with other clinicopathological factors, was assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model and five traditional machine learning methods. The optimal cutoff value for EPD was determined as 10%, categorizing patients into EPD-low (ER-PR ≤ 10%) and EPD-high (ER-PR > 10%) expression groups. Patients with EPD-high tumors exhibited a poorer prognosis compared to those with EPD-low tumors. In the multivariate Cox model, EPD was identified as an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (DFS) (HR: 1.496, P = 0.004). Integrating EPD with clinicopathological parameters into a predictive model effectively predicts DFS in ER+/HER2- EBC patients. In the most effective CoxPH model, the area under the curve (AUC) values for predicting 3-year, 5-year, and 7-year DFS were 0.718, 0.702, and 0.701, respectively, in the WCH cohort, and 0.770, 0.739, and 0.743, respectively, in the FUSCC cohort. EPD may serve as a novel prognostic marker, allowing for the identification of a population with a poor prognosis in ER+/HER2- EBC, thereby aiding clinical decision-making.

Abstract Objective This study aims to assess the consistency of various CT-FFR software, to determine the reliability of current CT-FFR software, and to measure relevant influence factors. The goal is to build a solid foundation of enhanced workflow and technical principles that will ultimately improve the accuracy of measurements of coronary blood flow reserve fractions. This improvement is critical for assessing the level of ischemia in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods 103 participants were chosen for a prospective research using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) assessment. Heart rate, heart rate variability, subjective picture quality, objective image quality, vascular shifting length, and other factors were assessed. CT-FFR software including K software and S software are used for CT-FFR calculations. The consistency of the two software is assessed using paired-sample t-tests and Bland-Altman plots. The error classification effect is used to construct the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results The CT-FFR measurements differed significantly between the K and S software, with a statistical significance of P

Encounters do not start with physical meetings, but rather with the affective attributions of producing or developing knowledge of another person in advance of meeting them. Certain encounters are more desired than others, solidifying pre conceived notions of difference or helping to divert them. Even encounters that have not (yet) happened can create an affective space filled with strong emotions such as fear or desire. It is the affective complexity of just such an unrealistic encounter that this article addresses, based on fieldwork amongst a Vienna-based Arab collective of artists. Consisting largely of artists who were recently arrived as forced migrants, the collective sought to overcome the power asymmetry inscribed in their day-to day interactions by creating new forms of artistic engagement with the Austrian public. As I discuss, this desire came to influence their self-understanding, event planning, and internal knowledge production. By focusing on the potentiality inherent in encounters, this contribution asks how the imagining of desired encounters shapes subjectivities even when those encounters have not (yet) materialised.

Abstract This study discusses the epistemological dimension of critiques of comparative law. It contends that the critiques rest upon what I call mode of differentiation, an epistemology of comparing ‘the other than’ or ‘the different from’. The argument builds upon reexamining some contemporary critical approaches to comparative law from a Deleuzian jurisprudence, a jurisprudential reflection of law as singularity and constant becoming. Particularly, this study makes the case of four modes of differentiation, i.e., distancing, perception, otherness, and movement. These modes of differentiation can be seen as comparativist-at-law’s endeavor to differentiate conscious ideas at work and to attend to the concept-creation of law and lawful relations in foreign legal systems. Accordingly, the image of comparative law must be based on three main features: (1) it seeks perceptual rather than conceptual understanding of law; (2) it is non-dogmatic in a sense that it breaks free from the transcendence in comparison, thus mapping the becoming of legal assemblages; and (3) it abandons hierarchization to the extent that comparison is directed at the openness to problematize, experiment and create. This epistemological move can largely be supportive of the interpretive account of comparative law, seen to be one of the fundamentals in advocating the critical dimension of comparative law. Abstrak Penelitian ini membahas dimensi epistemologis dari kritik terhadap perbandingan hukum. Penelitian ini berpendapat bahwa kritik-kritik tersebut bertumpu pada apa yang saya sebut sebagai modus diferensiasi, yaitu sebuah epistemologi yang membandingkan 'yang lain dari' atau 'yang berbeda dari'. Argumen ini dibangun dengan memeriksa kembali beberapa pendekatan kritis kontemporer terhadap hukum perbandingan dari yurisprudensi Deleuzian, sebuah refleksi yurisprudensial tentang hukum sebagai keunikan dan menjadi konstan. Secara khusus, penelitian ini membahas empat modus diferensiasi, yaitu jarak, persepsi, keanehan, dan pergerakan. Modus-modus diferensiasi ini dapat dilihat sebagai upaya para ahli perbandingan hukum untuk membedakan ide-ide yang disadari di tempat kerja dan untuk memperhatikan penciptaan konsep hukum dan hubungan-hubungan hukum dalam sistem-sistem hukum asing. Oleh karena itu, citra perbandingan hukum harus didasarkan pada tiga fitur utama: (1) mencari pemahaman perseptual daripada pemahaman konseptual tentang hukum; (2) tidak dogmatis dalam arti membebaskan diri dari transendensi dalam perbandingan, dengan demikian memetakan pembentukan kumpulan hukum; dan (3) meninggalkan hirarki sejauh perbandingan diarahkan pada keterbukaan untuk mempermasalahkan, bereksperimen, dan berkreasi. Langkah epistemologis ini sebagian besar dapat mendukung penjelasan interpretatif tentang perbandingan hukum, yang dipandang sebagai salah satu dasar dalam mengadvokasi dimensi kritis dari perbandingan hukum.

The essay offers two readings of Clifford Geertz’s The Interpretation of Cultures, one from the author’s perspective in the 1970s and a later one from her thinking in the present. The present thinking, influenced by post-structuralism, questions the sharp distinction between politics and scholarship that Geertz offers in this work.

One of the principles of fair proceedings is the principle of documentary and reasoned judicial decisions. The importance of this principle is so great that its failure to be considered by the judicial authority has been identified as one of the cases of voting violations. Given that the observance of this principle has been emphasized in the constitution, civil and criminal procedure, and even as an accepted principle in quasi-judicial authorities, such as the law on handling administrative violations, the law on handling violations of the armed forces, and the tax law. is, the analysis of the nature of the words documented and substantiated to explain the difference between the two in order to resolve some ambiguities is considered one of the goals of this article. This research, which was carried out with a descriptive-analytical method, shows that the explanation of each of the two words and the purpose of the legislator regarding these words is a legal gap that is considered necessary to be addressed. Therefore, it can be said that created causation, inherent authenticity, objective process, credibility in judicial matters and the judge's responsibility to discover the facts are considered to be documentary features, and in contrast to demonstrative causality, fake authenticity, mental process, credibility in subjective matters. And the claimant's mission in this field are considered to be well-reasoned approaches.

ABSTRACT The call for expanding educational opportunities for all (including the most vulnerable groups) has been both promising and disruptive, particularly as inclusive education policies spread across the globe. Notably, inclusive education embodies a transformative promise for contexts where inequality is ubiquitous. However, different perspectives on the categorization of vulnerable groups are emerging around the globe, which influences the way Inclusive Education is designed and implemented. Thus, in this paper, we reflect on the differences among countries in their approach to implementing Inclusive Education, we discuss the hierarchies of difference that are created, and we set an initial discussion to foster the analysis of categories of difference and their implications for Inclusive Education in future research.

Abstract Analyzing the relations between Boolean functions has many applications in many fields, such as database systems, cryptography, and collision problems. This paper proposes four quantum algorithms that use amplitude amplification techniques to perform set operations, including Intersection, Difference, and Union, on two Boolean functions in $$\mathcal {O}(\sqrt{\mathcal {N}} )$$ O ( N ) time complexity. The proposed algorithms employ two quantum amplitude amplification techniques divided into two stages. The first stage uses the Younes et al. algorithm for quantum searching via entanglement and partial diffusion to prepare incomplete superpositions of the truth set of the first Boolean function. In the second stage, a modified version of Arima’s algorithm, along with an oracle that represent the second Boolean function, is employed to handle the set operations. The proposed algorithms have a higher probability of success in more general and comprehensive applications when compared with relevant techniques in literature.

Objectives: The aim of this research was to acquire knowledge about the female dental workforce, identifying factors to pursue specialty training and career choices and working in dental institutions/associations. Methods: An original online questionnaire was developed, validated (n = 22), and sent to 189 member associations in 133 countries of the Women Dentists Worldwide section of the FDI World Dental Federation. Results: In all, 3232 female dentists from 81 countries participated. Results were divided into 5 geographic areas by continent. Difference in proportion amongst questionnaire items was evaluated with χ2 test or Fisher exact test. Ordinal multinomial linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association of questionnaire items with total work experience in dentistry (in years), motivation to study dentistry, type of specialisation, working hours per week, perception of female dentists about working hours, sex-based inequalities, job security after maternity leaves, as well as involvement in political organisations within their country of residence and their role in dental associations. A majority of participating female dentists are self-employed (57.7%), and 60.0% have 10 to 30 years of experience. The most popular form of practice is the single private practice (29.7%), followed by the group private practice (28.8%). Further, 44.8% work 31 to 40 h/wk, 29.1% part-time up to 30 h/wk, and 26.0% more than 40 h/wk. Conclusions: Women are still poorly represented in professional organisations, and few are officers in representative assemblies, members of the board, or president. Family life with children influences perceptions and has an impact on professional life, especially in academia and political/professional associations, so that taking on leadership positions poses additional challenges.

BackgroundThere exist differences in the subjective and objective cognitive functions of patients with depressive disorder， ane there are limited research on influencing factors of such phenomenon currently.ObjectiveTo explore the differences in subjective and objective cognitive function in patients with depressive disorder as well as influencing factors， and to provide references for further understanding of cognitive impairment in patients with depressive disorder.MethodsA total of 77 patients with depressive disorder who received outpatient or inpatient treatment in the Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu from January 13， 2022 to December 11， 2023 were selected for the study. These patients also met the diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition（DSM-5）. Various tools were employed to assess patients in this study： Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale （MADRS） for the depressive symptoms， Perceived Deficits Questionnaire for Depression （PDQ-D） and Chinese Version of Brief Neurocognitive Test Battery （C-BCT） for the subjective and objective cognitive function， Sheehan Disability Scale （SDS） for the social function， and Clinical Global Impression-Severity of Illness（CGI-SI） for the severity of patient's condition. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation of subjective and objective cognitive function and their differences with age， years of education， MADRS total score， SDS total score， and CGI-SI score. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the influencing factors of the differences between subjective and objective cognitive function.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference in the total PDQ-D scores and the difference of subjective and objective cognitive function （D value） between depressive patients with and without medication （t=-4.228， -2.392， P0.05）. Negative correlations can be observed between the PDQ-D total score and age or years of education （r=-0.333， -0.369， P

How does one turn a criminal on the basis of hatred? How such an offense is to be dealt with, beyond punishment? With a genuine consideration for a restorative approach, how should we consider prejudices and hatred in the framework of the formal performance of law? And to what extent any offense of that kind can be atoned? Offenses based upon hatred might refer to criminal actions performed by an individual against another person that is felt to be different, and also to mass actions for which such terms as “genocide”, “crimes against humanity”, and “war crimes” have been coined. Actually one has to clarify both hatred as a behavior - its roots and justifications -, and the very notions of offense and crime. As a legal concept Lex talionis does not call for revenge. By the moment the very notion of difference gives ground to criminal acts, one has to better understand what is actually called stereotypes and prejudices, and how law should find its way when facing such developments. Restorative justice and distributive justice confront the victims - these persons belonging to a group which does exist as such or that is only said to exist -, the “perpetrators” and the ways law and society do handle these protagonists. All these issues are of a great concern for the anthropologists and for those dealing with law, as well. Such issues call for a genuine consideration for the notion of “difference”, for the complex question of the Other and for the one pertaining to Humanity. As for the jurist, he is often facing quite unusual situations where ideology and ethnography have their say. He is then bound to an unending movement, through which he is led to inquire again and again about the notions of crime and hatred. So as to garantee and preserve the central place which is deemed to the Human value of Mankind, whenever a person is attacked and turns to be a victim.

The article examines the interpretation of the teaching of Wilhelm von Humboldt on language by Gustav Shpet together with Shpet’s perception of the influence of Kant’s philosophy on Humboldt. Special emphasis is laid on terminological analysis, the underlying thesis of this analysis being that words, terms and concepts are not the same thing: one and the same word or word combination can denote different terms, and the concept is a term in each particular doctrine. The object of critical analysis is the function of Humboldt’s term “inner form of language” and the way this term was transformed, according to Shpet, into “the concept of inner form” over time by various thinkers — Plato, Plotinus, Goethe, Humboldt and others. The difference is analysed between the terms which Humboldt, Shpet and Kant denoted by the same word “concept”. Shpet’s position on the issue of Kant’s influence on Humboldt is analysed, notably in terms of the “schematism of the pure concepts of understanding”. Steinthal’s opinion on this issue allows us to raise the hermeneutic question of what kind of Kant a particular researcher is dealing with at a particular time — from the beginning of the nineteenth century until our days. The author notes the peremptory character of some of Shpet’s claims as well as his description of Kant’s influence on Humboldt as suggestion. The author also considers Shpet’s critique of subjectivism, which robs subjectivism of creativity and confines it to the capacity to convey what has been understood and to err. Finally, Shpet’s methodology (the question of identity and difference) and the role of terminology in his own works is considered. The positing of identity as the starting point of method accords with Shpet’s conviction that terms have meaning and explanatory power. Contrary to Shpet, it is difference that is the initial experience and the key term in phenomenological and post-phenomenological philosophy.

In the paper, the authors simply review recent results of inequalities, monotonicity, signs of determinants, determinantal formulas, closed-form expressions, and identities of the Bernoulli numbers and polynomials, establish an identity involving the differences between the Bernoulli polynomials and the Bernoulli numbers, present two identities among the differences between the Bernoulli polynomials and the Bernoulli numbers in terms of a determinant and a partial Bell polynomial, and derive a determinantal formula of the differences between the Bernoulli polynomials and the Bernoulli numbers.

Lyotard’s The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge (1984) announces the end of grand narratives and the advent of postmodernity. The two go together. Moreover, they both involve the renunciation of Hegel and his philosophy. Hegel is condemned as the arch-exponent of grand narratives, framing a speculative theory that effaces difference and creativity in the interests of an overweening closed system. The popularity of postmodernism waned by the end of the twentieth century. Its rejection of grand theory was seen as neither novel nor unproblematic, in that analytic philosophy had long criticised theoretical speculation and the claims of postmodernism to put an end to large-scale theories were increasingly seen as unconvincing as theories of the historical development of globalisation and colonisation proliferated. The end of the end of grand narratives allows us to review how we might consider grand narratives today. The argument here is that they are to be seen as helpful and productive if engaged with in a critical spirit. More particularly, it is argued that Hegel remains a highly relevant theorist for today’s world if his thinking is seen as open-ended rather than being fixed and closed.

In my paper, I contend that it is necessary to rely on a categorial reading of Hegel’s notions of identity and difference in order to properly understand their non-hierarchical relationship in Hegelian dialectics. Many commentators reduce their speculative nature to a merely instrumental use of the terms in analyzing Hegel’s work. In this way, identity and difference are only formally employed and thus ontologically obscured, leaving room for subsequent shortcomings and hierarchizations. I maintain throughout the paper that the best way to elucidate the hierarchical question and prevent dialectical thought from such errors is by inquiring into Hegel’s speculative configuration of onto-logical categories. If anything, Hegel replaces the primacy of identity over difference with an internal linkage that determines the structure of these notions, thus granting their immanent relatedness. For him, the relationship between categories is necessarily a movement. The constitution of identity and difference, as determinations of reflexion of essence in Hegel’s Science of Logic, proves that they are equiprimordial and co-structural, hence preventing any possible hierarchy.

Background and Study Aim. With the increasing popularity of freestyle wrestling, the scientific community is paying more attention to gender factors that may influence the performance and success of competitive activities. The aim of study to determine differences in performance indicators between male and female wrestlers in the Olympic Games 2021. Material and Methods. The study included 192 athletes, consisting of 96 male wrestlers and 96 female wrestlers. An analysis of match records and video footage was conducted for women's (n=113) and freestyle (n=114) wrestling at the 2021 Tokyo Olympic Games. The assessment of performance indicators utilized an expert evaluation method. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out using licensed Excel spreadsheet software. For categorical data, results were expressed in absolute numbers and percentages. Results. Based on the analysis of competitive activities at the 2021 Olympic Games, 12 primary technical-tactical actions were identified. The most frequently employed actions were in the standing position: leg attacks, with male wrestlers performing it 35.8% of the time and female wrestlers 30.3%; in the ground position, male wrestlers employed gut wrench (7.6%), while female wrestlers used ankle lace (9.4%). It was found that male wrestlers and female wrestlers accumulated approximately the same number of points for their actions: male wrestlers (926 points) and female wrestlers (912 points). The effectiveness in the standing position was higher for male wrestlers (720 points) than for female wrestlers (621 points). In the ground positions, female wrestlers demonstrated better effectiveness (291 points) than male wrestlers (206 points). The number of points deducted for rule violations was significantly lower for female wrestlers (8 times) compared to male wrestlers (27 times). Time stoppages during challenge reviews were fewer for female wrestlers (7 times) compared to male wrestlers (18 times). Conclusions. The conducted research indicates differences in the performance indicators of freestyle wrestling between men and women. Male wrestlers employ more actions in the standing position (81.7%) than female wrestlers (70.7%). Correspondingly, female wrestlers execute more actions in the ground positions (29.3%) compared to male wrestlers (18.3%). The total number of actions performed is higher for male wrestlers (579) than for female wrestlers (518). Female wrestlers achieve more premature victories (32.7% of all matches) compared to male wrestlers (24.6%). The obtained results will assist coaches in better adapting to gender differences and developing specific training programs for athletes.

Abstract Background Frailty is an aging-related syndrome leading to high mortality in older adults. Without effective assessment and prevention of frailty, the incidence of frailty and relevant adverse outcomes will increase by 2050 as worldwide populations age. Although evidence suggested heart rate variability (HRV) is a potential measure of frailty, the role of HRV in frailty assessment remains unclear because of controversial findings. This study examined the effects of posture on HRV parameters in non-frail and prefrail individuals to understand the role of HRV in assessing frailty. Methods Forty-six participants aged ≥ 50 years were recruited between April and August 2022. Frailty was defined using Fried’s criteria. HRV was measured in standing, sitting, and lying postures, respectively, using a Polar Watch, and analyzed using Kubios HRV Standard 3.5.0 (Kubios). The five most commonly used parameters were examined, including standard deviations of all normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD), low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), and LF/HF. Independent t-tests and Mann–Whitney tests were used for inter-group comparisons. Friedman tests were used for intra-group comparisons across postures. Results The non-frail group showed significant differences in HRV parameters across postures (all p 0.05). The differences in the non-frail group included higher RMSSD and HF in the lying posture compared to those in the standing posture (29.54 vs 21.99 p = 0.003, 210.34 vs 96.34 p = 0.001, respectively), and higher LF and LF/HF in the sitting posture compared to those in the lying posture (248.40 vs 136.29 P = 0.024, 1.26 vs 0.77 p = 0.011, respectively). Conclusions The effects of posture on HRV were blunted in the prefrail group, which suggests an impaired cardiac autonomic functioning. Measuring the effects of posture on HRV parameters may contribute to frailty assessment. However, further evidence from larger cohorts and including additional HRV parameters is needed.

In recent years, the question of “difference” has become a central feature of public debate and social concern, especially in the context of transnational migration. The underlying question that we attempt to answer in this article is: how can we talk about difference without reinforcing prejudice? Starting from the observation that perceptions and representations of difference have an impact on the way that individuals and groups interact with each other in increasingly diverse urban environments, we argue that a systemic approach to the analysis of intercultural situations gives us a unique window into emerging discourses and evolving norms about difference. After a brief historical overview of debates surrounding cross-cultural comparison in anthropology, we consider how various fields outside of anthropology have drawn inspiration from anthropology in order to gain a deeper understanding of intercultural dynamics in various professional settings. This article also examines several anthropological concepts that have been used as tools to theorize cross-cultural comparison, and how participants in a new research methodology use the systemic notion of “cultural variables” to resolve the basic paradox underlying pluralist philosophy and practice.

Southeastern Chongqing is located in the transition zone of the southeastern margin of Sichuan Basin. Shale gas reservoirs of normal and high pressure are developed in this area. In order to promote normal pressure shale gas development benefits, starting from the typical difference analysis of normal and high pressure shale gas, through the research of drilling, core observation, experimental analysis, accumulation conditions, and production dynamics, combined with shale gas exploration and development practices in southeastern Chongqing, it is clarified that the normal pressure shale gas has the typical geological characteristics of small thickness of high-quality shale, low porosity, poor preservation conditions, and medium gas content. The accumulation of normal pressure shale gas is controlled by sedimentary facies, preservation conditions, and in-situ stress field. Affected by multi-stage structural transformation and differential uplift, the mechanism of normal pressure shale gas generation is complex, which has the characteristics of low initial production, short stable production period, slow decline, and high flowback rate. There are obvious differences between normal and high pressure shale gas in geological characteristics, enrichment regularities, generation mechanism, and production law. Considering the poor grade of normal pressure shale gas resources in southeastern Chongqing, four key countermeasures for the benefit-based development of normal pressure shale gas are put forward: (1) The basic geological research is furthered and the enrichment regularities and sweet spots are clarified. (2) The development technology of variable well spacing, long horizontal section, small inclined angle, strong transformation, low height difference and controlled pressure difference is established to increase the production of single well. (3) The innovation of engineering technology such as low-cost drilling and efficient fracturing is increased to achieve speed acceleration, efficiency improvement, and cost reduction. (4) The institutional mechanism is innovated and an efficient organization and operation mode is created. The four key countermeasures effectively promote the transformation of normal pressure shale gas from resources to reserves and from reserves to benefits, facilitating the efficient development of normal pressure shale gas in southeastern Chongqing.

Theoretically, a poem can begin in any way. What does it mean that in practice, poems often begin in a particular way—that is, by returning to a fragment of some prior thing? We see this in the encore of John Milton’s opening to Lycidas (‘Yet once more, O ye laurels, and once more’); differently, we see this in the widely used convention of the poetic epigraph (for instance, T. S. Eliot’s ‘The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock’ begins with six lines from Dante’s Inferno). While there is an established model for understanding the beginning as an act that invokes poetic precedent, this paper seeks to expose the beginning’s logic of return to a broader sense of language that is beyond the remit of poetic tradition as such. With a focus on the epigraph, this paper thinks about the everyday existence of poems and about how this existence relates to ordinary language, asking, how do these different modes of language function together? How does ordinary language collude in the creation of poetry? In its enactment of the passage of language from one mode of existence to another, the beginning of a poem might offer some answers to these questions.

By interpreting both the account of Creation found in Genesis 3 and the related exegetical interpretations of the text, this article aims to focus on the figure of the serpent, which has always been laden with a negative, even ruthless, symbolic meaning traditionally approached as almost entirely irrevocable. Taking ‘original nakedness’ as the key perspective, this brief study seeks to bring out and highlight the moment or condition preceding the curse, in which the serpent is revealed to be at once extremely similar to and radically different from humans, an animal as well but profoundly different from other animals: ill-placed. Sharing its solitude and alienation in this slippery and uncomfortable boundary position, participating in its desire, its temptation to encounter the other and to change places, to blur the boundaries of creation, this article listens to the serpent’s call to another story and follows it/him in an attempt to reimagine and rewrite another genesis, this time from its/his point of view, to displace and mix-up the established order and to find, in the end, a new dignity for itself/himself and for other animals.

ObjectiveTo describe the differences in imported malaria cases before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Pudong New Area， Shanghai， to explore the possible impact of isolation measures during the pandemic on malaria， and to provide a basis for formulation of malaria control strategies during the prevention and control of major infectious diseases in the future.MethodsInformation on malaria cases reported in Pudong New Area from 2017 to 2022 was collected and divided into two groups： cases before the COVID-19 pandemic （2017‒2019） and cases after the COVID-19 pandemic （2020‒2022）. Analysis was conducted on information such as gender， age， parasite species， country of infection， place of onset， time of onset， time of first diagnosis， time of confirmed diagnosis， hospitalization， and duration of treatment for both groups.ResultsThe pre-COVID group consisted of 21 cases， and post-COVID group consisted of 28 cases， with male and falciparum malaria predominating in both groups. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of Shanghai residency status， use of preventive measures， and adherence to standardized treatment （P0.05）.ConclusionAfter the outbreak of COVID-19， the medical priority plan prolongs the treatment time of malaria patients， increasing the risk of severe illness and death.

In this paper, we study the entire solutions of two quadratic functional equations in the complex plane. One consists of three basic terms, $ f(z), f'(z) $ and $ f(z+c) $, and the other one consists of $ f(z), f'(z) $ and $ f(qz) $. These two equations can be transformed into functional equations of Fermat-type. We prove that if these two equations admit finite order transcendental entire solutions, then the solutions of these two equations are both exponential functions, and their exponents are one degree polynomials, whose coefficients of the first degree term are closely related to the coefficients of the functional equation. Moreover, examples are given to show that the theorems are true. The feature of this paper is that the Fermat-type equations contain three quadratic terms, while the equations that have been studied in the previous articles in this field contain only two quadratic terms. The addition of $ f(qz) $ will make the proof methods in this paper very different from those in the existing literature. The proof becomes more difficult, and the number of cases that need to be discussed becomes much larger. In addition, when dealing with the analytical property of $ f $, we also use a different method from the previous literature.

The concept of border is a much-debated topic, also due to numerous planetary crises of political, economic, and religious origin. The present author supports both the usefulness and the necessity of the border qua psychological entity, insofar as its proper function allows for the process of psychological identification to occur. Moreover, the speed of major socio-cultural changes characterising the contemporary era is argued to be compromising the dynamic psychological balance between growth and transformation, whilst providing the illusion of the psyche as an undifferentiated whole.

There are excellent research papers in the field of visual studies that examine the relationship between war and images. This paper has other and additional aims. The first is to examine not so much how war is transferred from the ground to image production, but how war, as intrusion of the real, forces a general reflection on image techniques. The second is to examine whether there is an instance of art that is somehow different from the instance of the mere image, which is always related to something that manifests itself in war, and which, especially on the occasion of a war, invites a broader reflection on existence, judgement and the world. The paths taken for these investigations are rooted in the idea that a (political) theory of art cannot be reduced to an internal classification of image theory, since it investigates aspects that go beyond the definition of the image itself.

This article seeks to demonstrate, through a hypothetical dialogue between Hannah Arendt and Emmanuel Levinas, that the essence of politics must be sought beyond "real politics" and its agent, namely, the state. For this reason, politics requires a fundamental, radical and serious rethinking. This rethinking, however, must be carried out by first deconstructing politics to prepare it for emerging new possibilities; second deconstructing Ethics and extending it from the individual level to the level of "I in the We"; third reinterpreting the relationship between politics and ethics, which are already in the process of constructive judgment and are ready for a relationship that has no master or servant. As a result of such simultaneous reflections, the foundations of what this article views as Ethical politics could probably be clarified in general terms. This essay thus raises three long-standing questions: What is politics? What is ethics? What is ethical politics? The response to the first question is founded on Arendt's views. This paper draws attention to concepts such as plurality instead of unity, public realm instead of private realm, and peace instead of war. Relying on Levinas's philosophy of ethics, the second question is answered by emphasizing the primacy of understanding over cognition, the other over self, and the person over the land. Last but not least, the third question is addressed by establishing a link connection between the mentioned thinkers’ views and their shared ideas such as responsibility for the other, the primacy of the interest of humans over national interests and a new concept of state.

This paper first establishes a multivariate linear regression model, then explores the correlation between labor education and students’ psychological construction based on the model, and studies the effect of labor education in colleges and universities under the background of mental health science through the t-test of independence, and analyzes the variability of students’ labor consciousness in the case of different variables. Finally, the goal was to develop a program for labor education in colleges and universities. The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between the level of labor and the degree of construction of students’ psychological environment, with a correlation coefficient of 0.687, which reaches the significance level of 0.01. The correlation between labor practice and students’ centripetal cohesion and introspective experience is 0.54 and 0.582, respectively, and health psychology has a positive influence on labor education. This study is conducive to promoting the formation of college students’ labor consciousness and is of great significance in further developing China’s labor education theory.

Many different anthropological parameters contribute to achieving top success in handball. Morphological characteristics and repetitive strength have been shown through scientific and practical work to be one of the most important indicators of success. Therefore, the aim of this research is to determine the differences in some morphological characteristics and repetitive strength in relation to the age of handball players. This research includes subjects of three age categories, handball players born in 2009, 2010, and 2011. The sample of measuring instruments consisted of three independent variables - age category of handball players, three variables for the assessment of morphological characteristics (body height, body mass, body mass index) and three variables for the assessment of repetitive strength (sit ups until failure, push-ups until failure and chin ups until failure). All statistical analyzes were implemented within the statistical package IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 20). In all tests of morphological characteristics, significant differences were found (body height, body mass, body mass index) were at the level of p0.005), but in the sit ups until failure and chin ups until failure tests, significance was determined (p

Cold brew coffee refers to coffee-flavored liquid obtained by steeping or dripping roasted coffee bean grounds with cold or iced water. Cold brew coffee is in trend and highly favored by the young generation, with its online sales bloomed in the past two years. Compared to traditional hot brew coffee, cold brew coffee is claimed to have a smoother mouth feel and less bitter taste. The scientific research on cold brew coffee preparation technology, chemical composition and sensory property has gradually sprung up in recent years. Basic types of cold brew coffee are introduced from the three above mentioned perspectives. Technical patents in relevant to cold brew coffee preparation and flavor enhancement, as well as the commonly used quality indicators and process parameters of cold brew coffee are comprehensively summarized. The sensory description and characteristic flavor compounds of cold brew coffee are reviewed. Valuable theoretical reference and practical guidance for large-scale cold brew coffee production and further promotion will be provided.

The essay starts from the hypothesis that the development of the modern meaning of the concept of emancipation, which occurred between the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, coincided with the unfolding of field of tension that makes the history of the concept a fraught history. This field of tension will be examined in different historical and political contexts and in relation to specific subjects that have transformed its semantics. The concept will first be investigated with a focus on the French Revolution and the 19th century. The second part of the article will analyse “emancipation” in light of critique advanced by Italian difference feminism and some contemporary rehabilitations of the concept such as the one proposed by Jacques Rancière.

In a conversation with Manthia Diawara aboard the Queen Mary II in 2009, Édouard Glissant elaborated his definition of Relation, a concept that he formally presented in his book Poétique de la relation in 1990, but that emerged out of years of writing about creolization and cultural action in the Caribbean. Sitting at the ship’s window, with the Atlantic Ocean crashing around him, Glissant explains that “the truth that is increasingly coming to light about Black reality in the New World is the truth of multiplicity, the truth of the step towards the Other.”

With the development of industrial informatization, video processing technology is receiving more and more attention. Extracting background is a prerequisite for many video processing techniques, so video background modeling technology is becoming highly sought-after. Currently, there are a variety of approaches to estimating background; however, many of these methods have the fault of not being able to accurately distinguish between foreground and background, especially when objects move slowly or remain still for a period of time. In this paper, a novel background modeling scheme is proposed for surveillance video, based on keyframe and particle shape properties. The model consists of three parts: the first part is to reduce running time and eliminate the ghost phenomenon caused by adjacent redundant frames by extracting keyframe and dividing the extracted frames into several groups; the second part includes three steps, computing binarized difference, characterizing the binarized difference and screening the difference where a quadruple, composed of particle shape properties, is designed to quantitatively describe binarized differences; the third part involves generating the temporary background and updating the temporary background according to the similarity of data obtained at the newly proposed locations. Experiment results on SBMnet and SBI datasets and comparisons with some emerging algorithms show that the performance of the proposed model is superior or comparable to the other state-of-the-art methods particularly when dealing with stationary objects. Furthermore, the proposed method ranks as the second for intermittent category video, compared to the other 31 state-of-art methods. Moreover, the speed of the proposed method, 5.38 Frames Per Second (FPS) for SBMnet dataset and 10.94 FPS for SBI dataset, is faster than most public methods.

The influence of Immanuel Kant’s philosophy on the ideas of Gilles Deleuze was quite substantial. However, analyses of the correlation between the ideas of the two philosophers have not yet received proper research attention, especially in Russian-language literature. To reveal the essence and history of the development of Deleuze’s attitude to Kant, the former’s work, Kant’s Critical Philosophy: The Doctrine of the Faculties (1963), in which the French philosopher aims to find the potential limits of interpretation of Kant’s philosophy. Deleuze appeals to Kant’s study of faculties, in which he finds contradictions and “gaps” that find their solution in the Critique of Judgment. Deleuze refers to the free coherence of the faculties as to “something third”, which gives options for reactualising Kant’s philosophy without striving to overcome it. I also provide a brief history of the issues related to Kant­ian philosophy, appearing in the works of Deleuze — from a course of lectures on the problem of grounds, given by the young Deleuze at the Lyceum Louis the Great in Paris, to his last article published in his lifetime, “Immanence: A Life”, in which Deleuze brings up the question of the transcendental field. Despite the fact that Kant and Deleuze are more often contrasted than considered as possible allies, and despite the cases of criticisms of Kant by Deleuze, I defend the thesis that their philosophical projects are firmly linked. Considering Kant’s presence in Deleuze’s study, I conclude that Kant’s philosophy has shaped some key aspects of the French philosopher’s thinking — in particular, the concept of “transcendental empiricism” — and also has influenced Deleuze’s ideas about difference, becoming, ground and immanence.

This article is devoted to a comparative study of elegy and elegiac works of I.Brodsky and R.Kharis in the aspect of the category of time as the most important in the architectonics and content of the elegiac genre. The actual basis of the article is formed by such well-known works of Brodsky as “Almost elegy”, “Roman elegies”, “Autumn cry of a hawk” etc. and the elegies of R.Kharis the Tatar poet of the 2nd half of the XX - beginning of the XXI century: “Elegy (There is blue smoke in my room)”, “Seven elegies about the sense of life”, “August”, ‘Cemetery dust”. The conclusion is made about similarity of the type of artistic thinking of the two authors, which is based on the dominance of the rational beginning in creativity. It is stated that lyrical hero of Kharis’s elegies is not opposed to time, his century unlike the hero of the elegies of Brodsky, who chooses the point of “non-occurrence” in relation to time; time in his poetry is taken beyond the limits of being. If the value for the elegiac hero of the Tatar author becomes the natural connection of phenomena and things with each other, as well as the interaction of life and death, then Brodsky emphasizes the fragmentation and fragility of the world as a property of its metaphysical perception (“Almost elegy”, “Roman elegies”). The comparative analysis also revealed different forms of transformation of the elegy and the elegiac mode of artistry in multilingual works. Thus, in the “Seven elegies…” by Kharis the final part of the cycle differs from the state of “mixed feelings” necessary for the poetics of the genre. On the contrary, in the elegy, the idea of human loneliness is strengthened: expansion into the world of heaven turns it into a stable state of cosmic being.

In this paper, I attempt to address some of the themes of Ludwig Wittgenstein’s Tractatus logico-philosophicus with the aim of their deconstructionist interpretation. My analysis is based on David Gunkel’s book Deconstruction (MIT Press 2021). Based on some of its findings, I show how the Tractatus allows deconstruction and its practice to be thought. I show that the graphic structure of signs is crucial for the young Wittgenstein’s analysis and that it justifies the metaphysical findings in favor of which he argues.

The main idea that accompanies this article is an attempt to organize the relationship between the difference as a result of cultural changes and the identity of the individual understood as a sense of continuity, permanence and integrity, as well as to reflect on the nature and scope of differences what appear in Polish society in the second decade of the 21st century. Therefore, I ask some questions about the main spheres of them, but also about the consequences of analyzed differences for our identity and how do they influence its construction? Source of what kind of experiences are they ? How do differences affect our social participation, self-esteem or decisions made in important spheres of life? Finally, the question of differences is also, and perhaps above all, a question about values and where, in the situation of experiencing and realizing the difference to look for areas of understanding and axiological identification? What family experiences and elements of intergenerational transmission then should be applied? Questions mentioned above are only the frame for considerations undertaken in this article.

The central image in Amitav Ghosh’s novel The Shadow Lines (1988) is that of the “upside-down house”. The “upside-down house” was a product of a notional exercise undertaken by Thamma, the narrator’s grandmother, when she was a young girl. When their ancestral home was partitioned with a wall due to persistent familial disputes, the young children of the family found it difficult to cope with the now hostile environment. In response, Thamma invented stories about the portion of the house that belonged to their Jethamoshai, her father’s elder brother. The stories told herein are absurd and comical, but they contain a deeper social message, as they suggest that such irrational narratives are indispensable when drawing lines and erecting walls that separate people and communities from each other. As such, the upside-down house becomes a metaphor for the consequences of the Partition that shook the Indian sub-continent in 1947, when two communities that had long co-existed suddenly found themselves on opposite sides of an arbitrarily drawn fence. Collateral to the metaphor is the intimation that, in order to sustain myths of nations and nationalism, the interested players need to concoct narratives of difference and othering. Through the image of the “upside-down house”, this paper seeks to explore questions of home, nation and borders as depicted in The Shadow Lines.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the agility and the running speed of male handball players in Category Junior Team of University Sports Club of Suceava and then make the comparasion between the results obtained by players from U16 and those from U18. The sample of participants consisted of 32 male junior handball players, divided into two groups: 18 handball players U16 (age 15.27±0.57 years), and 14 handball players U18 (age 17.14±0.77). To test agility we used Illinois Test that involves various turns and movements. At the end of the research, it was shown that there were no significant differences calculated between under 18 and under 16 handball junior players in agility (p =.38). Even if there was a difference between arithmetic means (17.49±1.52; 17.08±0.97), that was not statistically significant.

This study analyzes the anti-racism in the film Freedom Writers, directed and written by Richard LaGravenese. This study aims to identify anti-racism depicted in the film, describe how anti-racism is reflected in the film, and explain why a character named Erin Gruwell supports anti-racism in the film. This research is a library research. The type of data in this study is text, including narration, dialogue, and monologue. Data collection is done by watching and understanding the film’s storyline which is the object of this research. Qualitative data analysis was applied in this study, carried out in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. This study shows that there are two aspects of anti-racism depicted in the film, namely education aspect and togetherness. Second, the anti-racism reflected in the film is illustrated by learning about tolerance for differences. And finally, the reason Erin Gruwell supports anti-racism in her classroom is that she wants to inspire students to learn and have a good view of differences.

The becoming-woman, brought about by the post-structuralist hypothesis as it is configured in the debate of Italian feminism, and beyond, of the 1970s, is a political, philosophical, social issue of power and the unpolitical space of the feminine. Armanda Guiducci crosses the defining and narrative paths of the relationship between nature and culture, biology and identity, in a process in which becoming-species crosses the biological as a social fact. In this context, the production of the Italian intellectual confronts in an original and critical way with orthodox Marxism on the one hand and with the feminism of difference, on the other, starting from the “cultural self-creation of a body freed from all narcissistic sedimentations”, in a nomadic and pluriversic process of production and reproduction.

In his second book on being and event, Logics of Worlds, Alain Badiou describes Plato’s late dialogue, The Sophist as “one of the first transcendental inquiries in the history of thought”. In this dialogue, Plato introduces what he calls the Idea of the Other, the possibility of a being of non-being, an inevitable break with the Parmenidean tradition. However, according to Badiou, Plato fails to provide an example of how this Idea of the Other can manifest itself or be effective in a world, or in other words, appear. This paper argues that not only there is such an example in Plato’s Sophist, namely, the phantasma, but also that it can be strongly related to Badiou’s philosophical system.

Day, Night, Twilight. An Approach to Fink and Levinas This contribution presents Eugen Fink’s and Emmanuel Levinas’s thought along the metaphors of day and night. Both Fink’s cosmology and the philosophy Levinas developed in Totality and Infinity are read as locating the human being between day (light) and night. The present discussion of their philosophies is guided by the question of how Fink and Levinas, who share the criticism of the metaphysics of light, try to overcome it. Special emphasis is put on the notions of unity and difference as well as the notion of totality. Further, both try to break the totalizing tendency of light by radically thinking the infinite. First, Fink’s cosmology is presented. In a second step, Levinas’s thinking from Totality and Infinity is discussed. A juxtaposition of both attempts marks the conclusion of the paper.

In order to establish the relationship between hydrocarbon characteristic variations and dynamic environments, the differences of hydrocarbon geochemical characteristics of reservoirs in various pressure systems (overpressure zone, transitional pressure zone and normal pressure zone) were studied. The Dongying and Zhanhua sags in the Jiyang Depression of the Bohai Bay Basin were taken as examples in this paper, the variations of sterane isomerization parameter, sterane light/heavy ratio with depth were revealed. The transition from overpressure charging to normal pressure driving was clarified. The typical profiles of the Boxing (single pressure structure) and Bonan (composite pressure structure) sub-sags in the Dongying and Zhanhua sags, respectively, were selected for the differential analyses of geochemical parameters and corresponding dynamic conditions in various belts. The variations of the geochemical parameters showed high correlations to overpressure driving and buoyancy driving. The development ranges of abnormal pressure during reservoir formation were studied as well, which are much larger than the present abnormal pressure distribution ranges. Especially in the step-fault zone belt, historic overpressure had greatly extended outwards. According to the geochemical characterization of dynamic conditions, the reservoir formation systems and hydrocarbon supply ranges were described in detail.

BackgroundPrevious studies examining trends in sleep loss among adolescents have mainly focused on single countriy and region. This study aims to analyze temporal trends in the prevalence of anxiety-induced sleep loss among adolescents from 29 countries in five regions.MethodsThis study used data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey 2003–2018, which surveyed 215,380 adolescents from 29 countries with at least two cross-sectional surveys per country. The weighted country-specific prevalence of anxiety-induced sleep loss and trends across the survey years were evaluated. Random- or fixed-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate pooled prevalence and temporal trends across 29 countries.ResultsTemporal variations in anxiety-induced sleep loss across countries were identified. Increasing (Suriname, Vanuatu, and Myanmar), decreasing (Namibia, Jamaica, the Philippines, Samoa, and Indonesia), and stable (all other countries) trends in anxiety-induced sleep loss were noted. The pooled weighted prevalence of anxiety-induced sleep loss was 11.35 and 10.67% in the first and last surveys, respectively. There was no meaningful change in the propensity to have anxiety-related sleep disorders over time, with the reduction and OR of these two surveys being 0.54 (−0.53–1.61) and 0.98 (0.88–1.10). For subgroup analyses, no significant differences in pooled anxiety-induced sleep loss trends were seen between the two surveys for different sexes, regions, incomes, survey years in the first wave, survey periods, or number of surveys.ConclusionTrends in the prevalence of anxiety-induced sleep loss in adolescents varied significantly across different countries. Generally, a stable trend was observed in 21 of the 29 countries surveyed. Our study provides data that can aid policymakers in establishing country-specific strategies for reducing anxiety-induced sleep loss in adolescents.

The trans-phenomenology of Emmanuel Levinas has helped expose the totalising dynamic that has marked much of Western philosophy. The quest for a unity of knowledge in the truth assimilates any hint of otherness into more of the same. Plurality becomes a source of violence and dissent regarded as decay. Levinasian perspectives, however, and recent developments in magisterial teaching in the Roman Catholic Church point to a more ethical approach that can begin to escape the dialectic binary of the same and the other and so help avoid static conceptions of truth and unity. Religious truth and ecclesial unity, in other words, are explored in this paper for their ethical–dialogical quality. Indeed, the asymmetrical priority of dissent within this dialogical approach offers positive soteriological significance for the church rather than seeing dissent as a threat. Such an approach can enable the church to take plurality and diversity seriously in the current context.

Religion is one of the central themes of the young Hegel. This is where intellectual problems arise, the treatment of which led him to discover his speculative way of thinking. Starting in the footsteps of Kant’s ethicotheology, Hegel quickly realized that religion cannot be a vehicle for introducing autonomous morality. Under titles such as love and life, he then develops a kind of Spinozist thinking of unification of everything, including the finite and the infinite. However, it turns out that the quasi-divine performance of unity cannot be thought of as such, since thinking is bound to discursive forms of reflection that are always mediated through differences. As soon as the religious performance of unity is to be thought of, it slips away from the form of reflection. This problem can be solved if, on the one hand, the differential form of thinking is brought into a self-application and, on the other hand, difference itself is put into the performance of unity, even if it is named as absolute. The former becomes the nucleus of the figure of negation characteristic for Hegel’s speculative thinking; the latter leads to an understanding of the absolute as spirit, which, according to its self-being, which encompasses difference, is always for the other and is known by the other. Religion brings this to mind in the form of imagination, according to Hegel’s later concept of religion.

The purpose of the research is to analyze the context, the essence, and the philosophical implications of Franz Rosenzweig's reconsideration of the ban on idolatry as an implication of pure monotheism. As often as not idolatry is defined generally as the adoration of some images that, representing deity, are considered to be autonomous and hereupon become the objects of worship. The study confines itself to the analysis of the significance of the ban on idolatry in Rosenzweig's interpretation of the concept of difference that underlies his theoretical model of the Other. The consideration proceeds on the general assumption that the encounter of tradition with modernity is the factor that determines the radical change in the philosophies of societies under modernization. In this context, the ancient ban on idolatry means the rejection and prohibition of whatever representation as intricate mediation that is, in turn, the hallmark of modernity. However, according to Rosenzweig, idolatry is not the usage of images as the representations of the reputedly unrepresentable God, but the fixation on one image which would mean the arbitrary limitation of God's infinite freedom to reveal himself visually. This implies that the reconsidered ban on idolatry does not require the absolute prohibition of representation, but the latter should be construed as temporal. Such an approach prevents the identification of the representation of entity with this entity itself, the sign with the thing, and therefore prohibits self-referentiality. Rosenzweig's stance determines also his understanding of familiarity, unfamiliarity, and difference in art and translation. Rosenzweig's emphasis on the shocking influence of the defamiliarizing difference as the feature of the work of art correlates with his interpretation of the translation that should make stable shared senses unfamiliar. Thus, the reconsidered ban on idolatry underlies Rosenzweig's conception of the reconciliation between Jewish tradition and modernity.