Search

This article is devoted to the assessment of the country’s sustainable cyberspace strategy by comparing the cyber security strategies of those countries that are economically developed and use advanced information and communication technologies. Based on the components of the National Cyber Security Index, a calculation was made for 10 countries, which made it possible to monitor the effectiveness of their cyber strategies and identify their shortcomings. The calculation is made for the years 2018 and 2021. During this period, no significant critical changes form abnormal indicators, but it is possible to reflect a particular trend. Application of the PROMETHEE method (I and II) and the formation of net flows, determination of importance and comparison of alternatives allowed to carry out an in-depth analysis of various aspects of cyber security, such as protection measures, response to cyber threats and general resistance to cyber-attacks. It is determined that Belgium and Lithuania are the most resistant to threats from cyber-attacks and in the fight against money laundering among the countries considered, as they are rapidly developing and implementing new measures. Their indicators increased by 0.1 values in 2021 compared to 2018. According to the calculations, Great Britain is the most conservative in implementing certain strategies, and its indicators remained at the level of 0-0.2 according to various criteria for the years studied. Most countries improve their indicators by a total of 0.2 values, which reflects their development. Ukraine tends to decrease some indicators by 0.1 value; some are at the same level. The regulatory framework's introduction rate in the cyber security field increases. It shows that Ukraine has many rapidly changing risks, but is trying to achieve flexibility in responding to them. The research findings identify each country’s cybersecurity strengths and weaknesses, as well as potential risks and vulnerabilities. Thanks to this analysis, recommendations are made for developing and implementing effective cyber security strategies, both at the national and international levels. The study contributes to the understanding of the complexity of modern cyber threats. It emphasizes the need for continuous improvement and adaptation of protection measures to ensure the stability and security of financial and information systems in a global digital environment.

This study investigated cyber crimes and social media addictions: the role of perceived usage of conversational GPT-4 AI model among residents in Makurdi Nigeria. The cross-sectional survey design was used among 200 participants using the latest conversational GPT-4 AI model in their phones using the convenience sampling techniques. Hypothesis one results revealed there is a statistically significant between the usage of the conversational GPT-4 AI model and the incidence of cyber crime [R = .255, R2 = .065, [F (1,189) = 13.223, P< .01]. Hypothesis two showed that the baseline usage of the conversational GPT-4 AI model significantly predicts increase in social media addictions [R = .434, R2 = .188, [F (5,195) = 24.147, P

Numerous research studies have highlighted the exponential growth of malware attacks worldwide, posing a significant threat to society. Cybercriminals are becoming increasingly merciless and show no signs of pity towards individuals or organizations. It is evident that cyber criminals will stop at nothing to gain unauthorized access to confidential information. To effectively combat malware attacks, strict cyber laws are necessary, and the use of malware is punishable in many countries. However, the literature has not addressed whether these penalties create deterrence or not. This research article has addressed this gap. In this study, the effectiveness of criminal laws related to malware-related crimes in various jurisdictions was analyzed using the doctrinal research methodology. The cyber laws of the USA, UK, Ethiopia, Pakistan, and China were examined to determine whether the penalties imposed for these crimes are appropriate given the severity of the harm caused. The study concludes that malware penalties should take into account the creation or use of malicious code, targeting individuals or organizations, and the magnitude of consequences, regardless of whether mens rea is present or not.

Because of human activities complexity, Willy-nilly any change in present world would have impacts and outcomes. In such a way that with invention of new device, besides its correct and legal usage there is always the possibility of its misusing. In this regard, law science as a justice support and pro-creator of harmony in human society, would cover whatever which has a little blemish to this harmony and would try to remove or prevent it’s bad effects.Cyber context which caused by scientific and industrial advancements in recent century is not exempted from this and has entered negative and positive effects in human life which makes it’s necessity of study unavoidable. Hereupon, criminal politicians, jurists and criminologists have entered to this context and with definition of cyber crimes, prediction of it’s corresponded punishments and doing security and precautionary plans toward the dangers of this context, training and advertising people about destructive outcomes of cyber context do their main duties in this ground, which study on quality and dimension of this function is necessary. This study aimed at investigate the nature of cyber context and communication instruments, definition, history, characteristics and its classification. Possible dangers and globalization of contrast with cyber crimes were points which discussed as results. Also, it was given suggestions as mode used for criminal politicians of Iran to contrast and prevent cyber crimes which is expected be regarded by jurists, criminologists and users.

With the expansion of advanced technologies, the crime becomes various and diverse. Many of the previous laws and procedures for dealing with the crime seem inefficient. One of the most important instances of advanced technology is cyberspace and it's related tools and items such as computers, smart phones and social networks. Every day in cyberspace, much crime happens that a great number of it is committed against spiritual dignity of individuals. Some instances of crime such as insult, defamation and dissemination of cyber false information occasionally destroy spiritual dignity of individuals more in comparison with crime in real life, since in cyberspace the speed and scope of spreading any news in extremely high. Also dignity can be resorted and spiritual damage inflicted to individuals can be compensated in real atmosphere, while, such a possibility does not exist in cyberspace. In fact, the current laws don't allow resorting dignity of individuals from cybercrimes and commitment of any crime against spiritual dignity of individuals should be prevented by taking a proactive approach and citizenship training's. Why, given the challenges of cyberspace and its intrinsic properties, if criminal content against spiritual dignity of individuals to be published in cyberspace, the possibility of rehabilitation and compensation for moral damages are not fully existed.

This article seeks to understand the facts that led to the late and inadequate updating of the Brazilian Penal Code when dealing with Internet cybercrimes and the lack of ne Criminal Laws regulating this crime. To reach these objectives, we intend to analyze the historical context of the cybercrimes, from the beginning to the present days, which we will also appreciate the current legislation that cover this subject, in addition to understanding the need for an universal union to combat those types of crimes, basing on the objectives and results of the 2001 Cybercrimes Convention and it’s innovative importance to the modern world. To reach those objectives, the present article is based on the inductive method, carried out by theoretical bases, with a bibliographical survey of books, articles and specialized websites, and in the jurisprudence and legislative analysis of the Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1988.With a qualitative approach, trying to explain why it is necessary for society to have an extension of criminal law for the criminalization and regulation of virtual crimes in order to understand the reason for this urgency and how an international agreement to combat virtual crime would be beneficial to the modern society. It is concluded that to assure Internet users security in this new way of communication, it is necessary the State intervention in the virtual technologic.

The internet is a source of mass communication all over the world. Cyber-crime is the most complicated and latest problem in the cyber world. The purpose of this paper is to determine the percentage of how many people exactly know what cyber-crime is, how many people get involved in cyber-crime without knowing that it is a crime, how many users have been victim on Face book because of account hacking. Moreso it aims to evaluate the impact on the users. In this paper after a brief introduction of information technology, cyber crimes, methods, categories of cyber criminals and prevention through government laws and policies, personal efforts in the perspective of Quran and Hadith and impact of cyber crimes on the users of the Face book. Quantitative methodology is adopted to determine the purpose of the paper for primary data. Qualitative methodology is adopted for the prevention for secondary data. 100 Face book users were selected randomly for Questionnaire and an online survey was done to collect data. Pie charts and percentages are used to display the results. The findings disclose that majority of respondents don’t know the correct definition of cyber crime and they are not even aware about the laws and punishments for cyber criminals set by the government. Results also indicates that majority of respondents care about the religious values and they don’t misuse others’ private information. Government laws and punishments are discussed and offered some suggestions by the authors.

The prerequisite for the study was a significant increase during a pandemic in the number of cyber crimes against property, caused by forced isolation, a reduction in the use of cash and an expansion of the scope of computer technology when concluding civil transactions. Purpose of the study: to identify trends in the criminalization of cyber crimes against property in foreign and Russian criminal law. To achieve the goal, the following methods were used: general scientific – analysis, synthesis, generalization, special scientific – statistical, formal logical, comparative legal, content analysis, the method of expert assessments. The results of the work were the classification of cyber crimes against property, the novelty is the definition of the most common type of these crimes – fraud, the identification of the growth of its individual forms during a pandemic. The issues related to the observed expansion of the scope of application of the liability for fraud, both in international law and in the national legislation of individual states, which are no longer limited to such traditional methods of committing it as deception and breach of trust. Cyber crimes in the Russian criminal legislation are investigated in their relation to crimes against property, recommendations are given for further optimization of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation. In Russia, as in the rest of the world, during the period of the pandemic, an increase was recorded in crimes against property committed remotely, in relation to non-cash funds, using bank cards. When committing such acts, computer information, electronic data and programs are used as a method or means of committing them, which allows them to be classified as cyber crimes. Previously, cyber crimes were considered separately from traditional socially dangerous encroachments, but the massive use of information technology in the commission of certain types of crimes (in particular, crimes against property) requires a new approach to their description in national legislation.