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Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a newly discovered infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which can affect individuals of all ages. The high positive number of COVID-19 cases in Surabaya and the proportion of teenagers in society is quite large. This study examined the knowledge of teenagers in Surabaya about COVID-19 and prevention behavior. Methods: This descriptive study used a cross-sectional design and an online questionnaire (Google Forms). The target sample was teenagers aged 10-19 years old who live in Surabaya. A total of 122 respondents were involved (n=122). Sampling was performed using the consecutive sampling method, and the data was processed using the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19.0 using univariate and bivariate analysis (p=0.367). Results: The results showed that most respondents had good knowledge (72.1%) and good behavior (89.3%) regarding COVID-19. No significant relationship was found between knowledge and behavior to prevent COVID-19 among adolescents who live in Surabaya (p=0.367). Conclusion: This study revealed that most respondents had good knowledge and prevention behavior. Due to a limited number of samples, a larger sample would have provided a more thorough representation of the population and resulted in more accurate outcomes.

Introduction: A growing body of studies focuses on the association between loneliness defined as social isolation with sleep quality and cognitive performance, whereas emotional loneliness has not received much attention. Objective: Determine the association between emotional loneliness, cognitive performance, and sleep quality in one of Indonesia’s rural areas. Method: The sample comprised 30 Indonesian individuals > 60 years old living in rural areas. Cognitive performance was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The quality of sleep was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Meanwhile, emotional loneliness was conducted using the UCLA Loneliness Scare. Using Pearson correlation, bivariate analysis was performed between physical health, sociodemographic factors, cognitive function, and sleep quality with loneliness. Results: There is a significant moderate correlation between loneliness and diabetes (p-value = 0.001, r = 0.573). There is a significant low correlation between loneliness and MMSE score (p-value = 0.03, r = 0.397). And there is a significant high correlation between loneliness and PSQI score (p-value = 0.000, r = 0.886). Two components of sleep quality that show a statistically significant correlation with loneliness are subjective sleep quality (p-value = 0.000, r = 0.6) and sleep duration (p-value = 0.023, r = 0.414 ). Conclusion: This is the first study to examine the association between emotional loneliness with sleep quality and cognitive function in one of Indonesia’s rural areas. Keywords: Loneliness, Sleep quality, Cognitive performance, Elderly

Introduction: Medical students are at risk of developing depression due to their demanding workload and high expectations, which can impact their academic performance and cognitive function. To prevent severe complications, students must prioritize resources for mental health support, namely religious coping as a coping mechanism. Objective: The aim of this study is proof the correlation between depression levels and religious coping in medical students class of 2020 Universitas Airlangga Methods: This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design, and random sampling was used as a sampling method, totaling to 90 subjects. Variables used were religious coping and level of depression. The data was then analysed and prevalence, correlation coefficient and p-value were acquired. The research result would be considered significant if p

Introductions: Various studies showed that medical students were more prone to exposure to stress and anxiety than their peers. Along with the rising popularity of smartphones, university students tend to spend time on smartphones to distract themselves from stress. However, the overuse of smartphones may lead to addiction. Methods: This study applied a modified version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS) to assess the level of addiction and Zung’s Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS) to quantify the severity of anxiety. Based on Spearman’s rho statistical test, the value of p = 0.000 and r = 0.297. Results: There are 374 preclinical students included in this study. Most students (47.06%) use smartphones 5-10 hours daily. The majority of students were having mild anxiety (54.81%), followed by moderate anxiety (39.84%) and severe anxiety (5.35%). The results showed that smartphone addiction relates significantly to students’ anxiety (p

Introductions: The global coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic disproportionately burdens people with schizophrenia and related disorders. Access to mental health providers in rural areas was still far from expected. People with schizophrenia in low and middle-income countries, including Bangkalan City, often lack access to evidence-based treatments. We hypothesized that psychoeducation might improve Mental Health Volunteers’ (MHV) knowledge and skills to help people with schizophrenia in rural areas. Furthermore, we want to identify the obstacles and practical solutions essential to improving the community’s mental health in Bangkalan City. Methods: The total participants were 134 MHV from the Department of Health, Bangkalan City. The data was collected in pretest and posttest on each workshop session and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Results: There were significant improvements in the knowledge and skills about Schizophrenia of MHVs and programmers from the Department of Health, Bangkalan City (p

Introductions: During the COVID-19 epidemic, college students were expected to adjust to varied daily routines, resulting in pressure and bad emotional sensations in each individual. This situation necessitates college students’ attempts to better their survival through coping. Religion is one coping mechanism that may be used to help pupils reduce stress. The presence of resilience is another characteristic that can overcome any challenges. Coping is used to deal with stress caused by challenges, and spirituality is regarded as one part of developing excellent resilience. Objectives: Researchers decided to undertake a study to see whether there is a relationship between religious coping and resilience in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga students class of 2020 during a pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional observational analytic study collects primary data using two questionnaire instruments, BRIEF RCOPE and Growth-Focused Resilience. Non-random sampling was used to collect samples from 208 Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University students class of 2020. The Chi-Square Test was used to examine the data using the SPSS version 21 tool. Results: The p-value (sig) was 0.000 (0.05), indicating a significant connection between religious coping characteristics and resilience variables. Religious coping has been shown to be one of the variables affecting and associated with resilience; effective coping will lead to good growth and vice versa. Conclusions: It is possible to infer a substantial association between religious coping and resilience among the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga students class of 2020.

Family medicine is one branch of medical field that provides a holistic care to ailments in every age group. Medical student need to fully understand family medicine by using holistic approach to an illness. Pandemic restrictions make movie watching as an alternative in remote learning. This study aims to take cases from movies and asses the management of patient using family medicine approach. We herein report and study the case reviewed from a web-series in which an infant was abandoned by her mother who suffers from postpartum depression. We highlight on the accuracy of the portrayal of the disorder and also assessing the steps taken by healthcare worker to treat the patient as a whole to determine the validity of using movie as a learning tool for medical student.

ABSTRACT Background: Medical students are at risk of depression because of the enormous demands and pressures on their learning systems.Research has documented that the majority of young suicide victims die during depression. Objective: 1. To Analyze the difference in the level of depression and risk of suicide in Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University students based on year of class. 2. To Measure the prevalence of depression and suicide risk in Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University students based on year of class. Methods: This study used an observational analytic cross-sectional study design with consecutive sampling technique. The population and sample were undergraduate medical students of 2019, 2018, and 2017 Airlangga University, Surabaya. Depression level was measured using PHQ-9 and suicide risk was measured using BSSI. Results: Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University students class 2019 had the highest average depression score compared to class 2018 and 2017, The suicide risk rate of subject in class of 2019 is 1 person (1.0%), in 2018 there is 1 person (1.0%) and in 2017 there are 3 people (3.0%). Conclusion: There is no significant difference in the level of depression. The incidence of medical faculty students at risk of suicide totally 5 person. Therefore the low risk of suicidality among these students is good news. Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University must maintain the management of education and always pay attention to mental health factors in students. However, cases of depression in students need special attention from the university. Keywords: Depression, Medical Student, Suicide Risk.

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a condition that is currently commonly found in daily psychiatric practice, and causes serious psychiatric disorders because it has an impact on the emergence of various other comorbid psychiatric disorders. The management of BPD is a challenge, because it is quite difficult and complex. Psychotherapy is an effective first-line therapy for BPD. Transference Focused Psychotherapy (TFP) is psychodynamic based psychotherapy that is specifically designed for BPD and is considered effective based on the specific psychopathology of BPD, namely the lack of identity integration. TFP focuses on the relationship between patient and therapist in sessions which have the aim of facilitating better behavioral control and increasing reflection and influencing regulation so as to produce identity integration that leads to a more coherent identity, better regulatory abilities, less self-destructive behavior. forming a more balanced and constant relationship, and increasing overall functioning. Keywords : Borderline Personality Disorder, Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Transference Focused Psychotherapy.

Depression is a chronic condition that imposes a substantial burden of disability globally. Three principal neurotransmitters (norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), and serotonin (5-HT)) implicated the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. Clinical studies have found a significant association between numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines with depressive symptoms, endocrine, and neurotransmitter systems. Here, we detail our current understanding about the role of inflammation in depression, the mechanisms that are involved, and show how it is possible to innovate and develop new therapeutics of depression in the field of neuroinflammation.

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder, persistent, chronic, easy to relapse. Schizophrenics at risk of becoming victims of pasung. Confinement is any form of limitation of movement of people with mental illness by families and/or communities. The government has launched the program to end pasung, but the incidence of pasung in the community is still quite high. Liberation of community-based pasung includes prevention of pasung, handling of pasung and rehabilitation of post-pasung. The method of community-based pasung release at the rehabilitation stage that is widely used is Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) and has been proven to reduce recurrence and hospitalization rates in schizophrenics so as to reduce the incidence of pasung and prevent re-pasung.

Schizophrenia is a chronic debilitating mental illness. In many aspects, the neuropathology of schizophrenia is closely associated with neuroinflammation, especially microglial activation. Microglial hyperactivity, which is characterized by the predominant release of proinflammatory cytokines serves as the basis of the neuroinflammation hypothesis in schizophrenia. The enhanced inflammatory induce neuronal susceptibility to oxidative stress and trigger, glutamatergic synaptic dysregulation, especially in the mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways. Many in vitro studies, in vivo animal evidence, post-mortem examinations, neuroimaging evaluations with Positron Emission Tomography (PET), anti-inflammatory and antipsychotic use converge upon the central role of microglial activation and proinflammatory cytokines as common of features schizophrenia.

Objectives Healthcare workers (HCWs) are the front lines during the COVID-19 pandemic. They are more exposed to COVID-19 than other professions. Studies from other countries have shown that the mental health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of HCWs were affected during this pandemic. However, studies on mental health in Indonesia remain scarce and no study has evaluated the HRQoL among HCWs. Thus, this study was designed to explore the mental health status and HRQoL among HCWs in Indonesia.Design This was a cross-sectional study.Setting This was an open online survey in Indonesia conducted from December 2020 to February 2021.Participants This study involved HCWs who worked during the COVID-19 pandemic. Of the 502 respondents who accessed the online questionnaire, 392 were included in the analysis.Outcomes Mental health status was measured using the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale and HRQoL was measured using the second version of the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF12v2).Results The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among HCWs was 29.4%, 44.9% and 31.8%, respectively. Using the SF12v2 questionnaire, 354 (90.3%) HCWs were found to have impaired physical component and 156 (39.8%) HCWs have impaired mental component.Conclusion The prevalence of mental health problems among HCWs was high in Indonesia. HRQoL, particularly the physical component, was affected in most HCWs. Thus, policymakers should give more attention to the mental health and HRQoL of HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background In order to facilitate better international and cross-cultural comparisons of health professionals (HPs) attitudes towards Religiosity and/or Spirituality (R/S) using individual participant data meta-analysis we updated the NERSH Data Pool. Methods We performed both a network search, a citation search and systematic literature searches to find new surveys. Results We found six new surveys (N=1,068), and the complete data pool ended up comprising 7,323 observations, including 4,070 females and 3,253 males. Most physicians (83%, N=3,700) believed that R/S had “some” influence on their patients’ health (CI95%) (81.8%–84.2%). Similarly, nurses (94%, N=1,020) shared such a belief (92.5%–95.5%). Across all samples 649 (16%; 14.9%–17.1%) physicians reported to have undergone formal R/S-training, compared with nurses where this was 264 (23%; 20.6%–25.4%). Conclusions Preliminary analysis indicates that HPs believe R/S to be important for patient health but lack formal R/S-training. Findings are discussed. We find the data pool suitable as a base for future cross-cultural comparisons using individual participant data meta-analysis.

Latar Belakang: Luka bakarmerupakan respon lokal suatu jaringan dengan atau tanpa respon sistemik terhadap suatu perpindahan energi dari sumber fisik atau kimia. Perawatan luka bakar memerlukan waktu yang lama. Dampak pada individu karena luka bakar dirasakan sejak awal cedera dan meluas di seluruh kehidupan seseorang. Pada luka bakar tejadi pelepasan mediator inflamasi khususnya interleukin-6 dan terganggunya berbagai faal tubuh, salah satunya homeostasis mikrobiota usus. Komorbiditas psikiatrik yang terjadi berkisar 45,5 %, dimana depresi yang hadir akan memperberat kondisi pasien. Probiotik dapat menurunkan kadar interleukin-6 dan mencegah gejala depresi secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Studi ini untuk menilai efek suplementasi probiotik pada gejala depresi, parameter menggunakan biomarker IL-6 serum. Tujuan: Membuktikan efek probiotik terhadap interleukin-6 serum dan skor depresi pada pasien luka bakar. Metode: Desain penelitian adalah non randomized control trial. Sampel diambil dengan consequtive sampling. Pemberian probiotik pada hari ke 4 sampai hari ke 19 perawatan, kadar interleukin-6 serum diukur pada hari ke-4 (sebelum pemberian probiotik) dan hari ke 19 (setelah pemberian probiotik) dengan ELISA. Kelompok kontrol tidak menerima probiotik. Kriteria depresi diukur dengan Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Kedua alat ukur tersebut telah melalui uji validitas dan reliabilitasnya dari penelitian sebelumnya dan HDRS telah diadaptasi ke dalam bahasa Indonesia. Analisis data menggunakan uji komparatif. Hasil: Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Kesimpulan: Pemberian probiotik tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar interleukin-6 serum dan derajat depresi dibandingkan kontrol.

Kegawatdaruratan di bidang psikiatri terutama agitasi menimbulkan cara baru untuk mengatasi gangguan perilaku. Agitasi adalah kumpulan ketidaksesuaian perilaku yang beresiko pada keamanan pasien dan orang yang merawat. Neuroleptisasi cepat adalah terapi yang segera dapat menenangkan pasien dengan menggunakan neuroleptik dosis tinggi dan berulang. Pemberian intramuskular dan pemberian oral sama efektifnya. Haloperidol lebih efektif dengan efek merugikan yang rendah. Antipsikotik generasi kedua mampu mengatasi gejala dengan baik meskipun perlu perhatian pada efek samping. Golongan benzodiazepin mampu menurunkan agitasi dan mengurangi penggunaan antipsikotik pada terapi kombinasi. Penggunaan antipsikotik generasi kedua mempunyai kemampuan yang kurang lebih sama dengan antipsikotik generasi pertama dalam mengatasi agitasi pada pasien dengan demensia.

Pendahuluan: Sekitar 52 juta perempuan dari 220 juta penduduk Indonesia terancam kanker serviks. Diperkirakan ditemukan 40 ribu kasus baru kanker serviks setiap tahunnya. Pasien kanker serviks merasakan ketakutan terhadap hubungan seksual akibat efek samping pengobatan dalam jangka panjang. Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi dan membandingkan fungsi seksual pasien kanker serviks dengan terapi operatif dan non-operatif. Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah observasional analitik komparatif menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan teknik sampling konsekutif. Pasien kanker serviks di POSA (Poli Ongkologi Satu Atap) RSUD Dr. Soetomo bulan Maret 2014 diminta untuk mengisi kuisioner FSFI (Female Sexual Function Index) dengan inklusi pasien kanker servik yang menjalani rawat jalan serta eksklusi pasien yang tidak mampu mengisi kuisioner (KU lemah, kesadaran rendah), tidak bersedia mengisi kuisioner, dan belum mendapatkan terapi kanker. Dibandingkan skor fungsi seksual dua kelompok pasien yaitu kelompok terapi operatif dan kelompok terapi non-operatif. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Subyek penelitian yang terlibat 69 orang yaitu 19 orang pasien operatif dan 50 orang pasien non-operatif. Perbandingan median dari skor kelompok operatif dan non-operatif domain Arousal (1,2; 0,0; p=0,002), Lubrikasi (3,0; 0,0; p=0,001), Orgasme (1,2; 0,0; p=0,001), Kepuasan seksual (4,8; 3,2; p=0,001), Nyeri (4,0; 0,0; p=0,001) dan Skor total (16,05; 5,0; p=0,014). Skor total kelompok operatif dan kelompok non-operatif adalah kurang dari cut off skor fungsi seksual (20,25). Kesimpulan: Pasien kanker serviks kelompok operatif dan kelompok non-operatif mengalami disfungsi seksual. Fungsi seksual pasien kanker serviks dengan terapi operatif lebih baik dari pasien kanker serviks dengan terapi non-operatif.

Collaboration within the recently established Network for Research on Spirituality and Health (NERSH) has made it possible to pool data from 14 different surveys from six continents. All surveys are largely based on the questionnaire by Curlin “Religion and Spirituality in Medicine, Perspectives of Physicians” (RSMPP). This article is a methodological description of the process of building the International NERSH Data Pool. The larger contours of the data are described using frequency statistics. Five subscales in the data pool (including the already established DUREL scale) were tested using Cronbach’s alpha and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). 5724 individuals were included, of which 57% were female and the mean age was 41.5 years with a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 41.2 to 41.8. Most respondents were physicians (n = 3883), nurses (n = 1189), and midwives (n = 286); but also psychologists (n = 50), therapists (n = 44), chaplains (n = 5), and students (n = 10) were included. The DUREL scale was assessed with Cronbach’s alpha (α = 0.92) and PCA confirmed its reliability and unidimensionality. The new scales covering the dimensions of “Religiosity of Health Professionals (HPs)” (α = 0.89), “Willingness of Physicians to Interact with Patients Regarding R/S Issues” (α = 0.79), “Religious Objections to Controversial Issues in Medicine” (α = 0.78), and “R/S as a Calling” (α = 0.82), also proved unidimensional in the PCAs. We argue that the proposed scales are relevant and reliable measures of religious dimensions within the data pool. Finally, we outline future studies already planned based on the data pool, and invite interested researchers to join the NERSH collaboration.

Modern healthcare research has only in recent years investigated the impact of health care workers’ religious and other moral values on medical practice, interaction with patients, and ethically complex decision-making. Thus far, no international data exist on the way such values vary across different countries. We therefore established the NERSH International Collaboration on Values in Medicine with datasets on physician religious characteristics and values based on the same survey instrument. The present article provides (a) an overview of the development of the original and optimized survey instruments, (b) an overview of the content of the NERSH data pool at this stage and (c) a brief review of insights gained from articles published with the questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed in 2002, after extensive pretesting in the United States and subsequently translated from English into other languages using forward-backward translations with Face Validations. In 2013, representatives of several national research groups came together and worked at optimizing the survey instrument for future use on the basis of the existing datasets. Research groups were identified through personal contacts with researchers requesting to use the instrument, as well as through two literature searches. Data were assembled in Stata and synchronized for their comparability using a matched intersection design based on the items in the original questionnaire. With a few optimizations and added modules appropriate for cultures more secular than that of the United States, the survey instrument holds promise as a tool for future comparative analyses. The pool at this stage consists of data from eleven studies conducted by research teams in nine different countries over six continents with responses from more than 6000 health professionals. Inspection of data between groups suggests large differences in religious and other moral values across nations and cultures, and that these values account for differences in health professional’s clinical practices.