Search

Shaherah Yousef Andargeery,1 Abdullah Ahmed Almalki,2,3 Nada Aljohani,4 Hanan Alyami,3,4 Abdulrhman Alhagbani3,5 1Nursing Management and Education Department, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2King Abdulaziz General Hospital, Makkah Healthcare Cluster, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; 3Saudi Patient Experience Club, Saudi Society for Health Administration, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 5Riyadh First Health Cluster, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Shaherah Yousef Andargeery, Nursing Management and Education Department, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia, Email syandargeery@pnu.edu.saBackground: Many patients experience stress and dissatisfaction when they are admitted to acute settings, where they receive short-term and active care for severe injuries, illnesses, or surgeries. Patient satisfaction is a key indicator of healthcare quality that affects patient outcomes, service delivery, and safety.Objective: This review aimed at systematically mapping and summarizing the evidence on non-pharmacological interventions that targeted patient satisfaction in inpatient acute settings.Methods: Three electronic databases were searched, including PubMed, EBSCO, and ScienceDirect. The inclusion criteria were: (1) studies of non-pharmacological interventions to improve patients’ satisfaction and targeting inpatients between the ages of 19 and 65 years old; (2) studies written in English and published in the last 10 years, starting from 2017. The search results were imported and screened for eligibility on Covidence. The data was then extracted, using a tool entered in Covidence’s Extraction 2.0. The extraction tool included domains on both intervention impact and delivery processes.Results: A total of 11 articles met the inclusion criteria. Randomized control trials represented the most among the group; seven studies were included given that the others were quasi-experimental studies. Those studies were conducted on the different types of services offered in acute care departments. These studies did not use a standardized questionnaire to evaluate their respective trial outcomes or to implement various adapted or adopted modules of intervention. Of note, the intervention was effective in enhancing patient satisfaction in only some of the studies.Conclusion: Different types of intervention modules have been effective in improving acute care patient satisfaction. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention among all patients in different acute care departments at the same time.Keywords: inpatient satisfaction, nonpharmacological interventions, systematic review, acute care, acute settings

Nadia Ghannam,1 Saleh Alahmed,2 Raed Aldahash,3 Naji Aljohani,4 Afaf Alshammary,5 Ashraf Amir,6 Abdullah Kamal,7 Said Khader,8 Mohammed Salah,9 Hani Shalabi,10,11 Ahmed Abdallah,12 Ahmed Elboghdady12 1Ghannam Clinic, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 2Almana Group of Hospitals, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; 3Ministry of National Guard (Health Affairs) and King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 4King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 5Ministry of National Guard (Health Affairs), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh and King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 6Family Medicine International Medical Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 7Dallah Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 8Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 9Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt and GNP Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 10University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 11Dr. Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 12Merck Serono Middle East FZ-Ltd, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Nadia Ghannam, Ghannam Clinic, King Abdulaziz Road, Jeddah, 21411, Saudi Arabia, Email ghannam_clinic@yahoo.comAbstract: The onset of type 2 diabetes increases the risk of vascular complications and death. We know now that that this risk begins long before the diabetes diagnosis. Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes are not separate entities in practice and exist within a continuum of dysglycaemia and vascular risk that increases in severity over time. This excess risk requires early intervention with lifestyle therapy supported with pharmacologic antidiabetic therapy, intensified promptly where necessary throughout the duration of the diabetes continuum. Metformin is an evidence-based treatment for preventing prediabetes and improves cardiovascular outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes from diagnosis onwards. Newer agents (SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 agonists) are appropriate for people presenting with type 2 diabetes and significant cardiovascular comorbidity. Additional therapies should be used without delay to achieve patients’ individualised HbA1c goals and to minimise cardiovascular risk.Keywords: prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, diabetes complications, antidiabetic therapy

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia obtains the most desalination water from the Red Sea. In Saudi Arabia, 14 desalination plants receive water from the Red Sea, and three are located in the country’s east and rely on the Arabian Gulf. The study has observed 16 desalination plants out of 17 desalination plants in the kingdom. Most of the desalination plants in Saudi Arabia currently use the advanced technologies to produce potable water with less impact on the surrounding environment. The current study examined the variation of hydrographic parameters along all available desalination plants in Saudi Arabia. This is the first inter-annual database of hydrographic parameters in the last 4 years. The peak salinity was measured at the Duba desalination plant in 2020, and it was 67.2 ppt. During 2018, the Azizia desalination plant reported the lowest value of 36.8 ppt. The maximum temperature recorded at the Qunfudah desalination plant in 2019 was 34.6°C. In 2017, the minimum temperature was 19.1°C at the Jubail desalination plant. The level of dissolved oxygen and pH were likewise not significantly changed along the brine outflow and in the outfall, in contrast to temperature and salinity. On the basis of 4 years’ of data from observed desalination facilities, the current study sheds light on the less environmental impact with regard to hydrographic factors.

Khalid Hussain AL-Qahtani,1 Mutahir A Tunio,2 Mushabbab Al Asiri,2 Yasser Bayoumi,3 Ali Balbaid,2 Naji J Aljohani,4 Hanadi Fatani5 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Radiation Oncology, NCI, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; 4Department of Endocrinology and Thyroid Oncology, 5Histopathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of differentiated thyroid cancer in Saudi patients aged above 60 years. Materials and methods: Comparative analysis was performed in 252 patients aged 46–60 years (Group A) and 118 patients aged above 60 years (Group B), who had thyroidectomy, radioactive iodine-131, and thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression therapy between July 2000 and December 2012. Different clinicopathological features, treatment, complications, disease-free survival, and overall survival rates were compared. Results: Mean age of patients in Group A was 51.9 years (range: 46–60), and mean age of those in Group B was 68.6 years (range: 62–97). Group B patients had higher positive lymph nodes (43.2%), P=0.011. The frequency of extrathyroidal extension, multifocality, and lymphovascular space invasion was seen more in Group B than in Group A. Postsurgical complications (permanent hypoparathyroidism, bleeding, and wound infections) were also seen more in Group B (P=0.043, P=0.011, and P=0.021, respectively). Group B patients experienced more locoregional recurrences (11.0%, P=0.025); similarly, more distant metastases were observed in Group B (15.3%, P=0.003). The 10-year disease-free survival rates were 87.6% in Group A and 70.8% in Group B (P

Khalid Hussain Al-Qahtani,1 Mushabbab Al Asiri,2 Mutahir A Tunio,2 Naji J Aljohani,3 Yasser Bayoumi,4 Iqbal Munir,5 Ayman AlAyoubi6 1Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Advanced Head and Neck Oncology, King Saud University, 2Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, King Fahad Medical City, 3Endocrinology and Thyroid Oncology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 4Radiation Oncology, NCI, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; 5Nuclear Medicine Sulaiman Al-Habib Hospital, 6Clinical Ophthalmology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Background: Radioactive iodine 131 (131I) therapy has long been used in the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC). While salivary and lacrimal glandular complications secondary to 131I therapy are well documented, there is little in the literature addressing nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO). We aimed to evaluate the frequency of 131I therapy-acquired NLDO, its correlation to 131I therapy doses, and the surgical treatment outcome of this rare side effect.Methods: From 2000–2012, a retrospective review of 864 among 1,192 patients with confirmed DTC who were treated with 131I therapy was performed to examine the frequency of NLDO, its causative factors, as well as imaging, surgical intervention, and outcomes.Results: Nineteen (2.2%) patients were identified with NLDO. The mean age was 51.9±10.5 years (range: 39–72 years). Fifteen (78.9%) were female and four were male (21.1%). The mean individual 131I doses were 311.1±169.3 millicurie (mCi) (range: 150–600 mCi). The mean duration between the date of 131I therapy and the occurrence of NLDO was 11.6±4.1 months (range: 6.5–20). Fourteen (73.7%) patients had bilateral epiphora. Computed tomography dacryography allowed for the detection of all NLDO. Eighteen (94.7%) patients underwent dacryocystorhinostomy. Complete recovery was obtained in 14 (73.7%) patients. Age >45 years and 131I therapy doses >150 mCi were significantly correlated with NLDO (P=0.02 and P=0.03, respectively).Conclusion: NLDO is an underestimated complication of 131I therapy in DTC patients. Clinicians should be aware of this rare complication for prompt intervention. Keywords: nasolacrimal duct obstruction, radioactive iodine 131 therapy, differentiated thyroid cancers

Naif I AlJohani,1,2 John H Matthews2 1King Faisal specialist hospital and research centre, Saudi Arabia; 2Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada Abstract: Acquired factor V inhibitor is a rare hemostatic disorder that presents with hemorrhagic manifestations in the vast majority of patients. Factor V inhibitor may develop through a variety of mechanisms involving development of alloantibodies or autoantibodies specific to Factor V. Autoantibodies, in particular, have been reported in a number of conditions. In this report, we describe a case of acquired factor V inhibitor in a patient with mantle cell lymphoma who presented with hematuria. Seven weeks after diagnosis and successful management, the patient developed deep vein thrombosis in the right lower extremity. The patient's factor V levels were normalized, and the inhibitor was successfully eradicated using corticosteroids. Here, we discuss this rare disorder, its unusual manifestation, and provide a mini-review of the current literature regarding factor V inhibitors. Keywords: acquired factor V inhibitor, blood coagulation disorders, factor V deficiency, acquired bleeding disorders