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Background Coronary artery disease was hitherto a rarity in Africa. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) accounts for coronary artery disease–related morbidity and mortality. Reports on ACS in Africa are few. Methods and Results We enrolled 1072 indigenous Nigerian people 59.2±12.4 years old (men, 66.8%) with ACS in an observational multicentered national registry (2013–2018). Outcome measures included incidence, intervention times, reperfusion rates, and 1‐year mortality. The incidence of ACS was 59.1 people per 100 000 hospitalized adults per year, and comprised ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction (48.7%), non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction (24.5%), and unstable angina (26.8%). ACS frequency peaked 10 years earlier in men than women. Patients were predominantly from urban settings (87.3%). Median time from onset of symptoms to first medical contact (patients with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction) was 6 hours (interquartile range, 20.1 hours), and only 11.9% presented within a 12‐hour time window. Traditional risk factors of coronary artery disease were observed. The coronary angiography rate was 42.4%. Reperfusion therapies included thrombolysis (17.1%), percutaneous coronary intervention (28.6%), and coronary artery bypass graft (11.2%). Guideline‐based pharmacotherapy was adequate. Major adverse cardiac events were 30.8%, and in‐hospital mortality was 8.1%. Mortality rates at 30 days, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year were 8.7%, 9.9%, 10.9%, and 13.3%, respectively. Predictors of mortality included resuscitated cardiac arrest (odds ratio [OR], 50.0; 95% CI, 0.010–0.081), nonreperfusion (OR, 34.5; 95% CI, 0.004–0.221), pulmonary edema (OR, 11.1; 95% CI, 0.020–0.363), left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (OR, 4.1; 95% CI, 0.091–0.570), and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.302–3.367). Conclusions ACS burden is rising in Nigeria, and patients are relatively young and from an urban setting. The system of care is evolving and is characterized by lack of capacity and low patient eligibility for reperfusion. We recommend preventive strategies and health care infrastructure‐appropriate management guidelines.

Objectives: To determine the level of awareness of hypertension and its risk factors in Gwange community of Maiduguri North-eastern Nigeria. Method: A community based cross sectional study in Gwange community of Maiduguri, a major city in North-eastern Nigeria. Participants were selected through a stratified random sample method. Demographic data including age, gender, marital status, highest educational qualification and occupation were recorded. Information on awareness of hypertension and level of awareness of risk factors for hypertension were also obtained. Blood pressure was taken once on the left arm using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Results: In all, 485(175 females) were included. The study showed a statistically significant higher level of awareness among young individuals with declining trend with age (p=0.01). The study also recorded a statistically significant difference in the level of awareness of hypertension among individuals with different educational levels attained, with secondary and tertiary levels of education having higher awareness (p=0.00) and also a statistically significant difference in the awareness of hypertension among different occupational groups, with higher awareness among artisans and professionals (p=0.00). The study found 13 (6.5%) hypertensives among 199 individuals who are not aware of the risk factors for hypertension, 38 (21.6%) hypertensives among 176 individuals who are aware of one risk factor for hypertension, 12 (23.5%) hypertensives among 51 individuals who are aware of two risk factors for hypertension, and 11 (26.8%) hypertensives among 41 individuals who are aware of three or more risk factors for hypertension. Conclusion: Awareness of hypertension among hypertensives is higher than in normotensives with statistically significant higher awareness of its risk factors. Awareness is also found to be higher among people of young age group, secondary and tertiary levels of education and also among artisans and professionals. Special attention should be given to those living in remote villages and those least aware or treated in view of the consequences of hypertension on multiple organs and regular blood pressure check should be recommended to all individuals at risk

Syncope is a common manifestation of both hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. The most common arrhythmia in HCM is ventricular tachycardia (VT) and atrial fibrillation (AF). While preexcitation provides the substrate for reentry and supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), AF is more common in patients with preexcitation than the general population. Concurrence of HCM and WPW has been reported in many cases, but whether the prognosis or severity of arrhythmia is different compared to the individual disorders remains unsettled. We report a case of HCM and Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome in a 28-year-old male Nigerian soldier presenting with recurrent syncope and lichen planus.

INTRODUCTION: The assessment of lung function is of considerable importance in the diagnosis of respiratory diseases, normal reference values need to be determined. The peak expiratory flow (PEF) is a simple, reproducible and easily affordable test of lung function which has been used in resource poor countries like Nigeria. A study PEF was carried out in medical students of the University of Maiduguri and the result was compared with various prediction equations calculated in other parts of Nigeria. METHODS: It was a cross-sectional study involving 255 medical students. Data was collected between March and June 2010 using MicroPeakTM peak flow meter (Micromedical MEI 2A2 Kent) as the instrument. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between the measured PEF and the predicted values based on different formulae derived from the different parts of Nigeria. However, the values in females in this study was consistent with the one obtained by one investigator in the north western part of the country. PEF positively correlated with the measured anthropometric parameters and age. CONCLUSION: The result of the study showed that the prediction formulae of Njoku et al and Salisu et al may be used in the assessment of PEF of individuals in this environment; however, further studies with larger sample size may be needed.