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Abstract Nanofibers show promise for wound healing by facilitating active agent delivery, moisture retention, and tissue regeneration. However, selecting suitable dressings for diverse wound types and managing varying exudate levels remains challenging. This study synthesized carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from citrate salt and thiourea using a hydrothermal method. The CQDs displayed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. A nanoscaffold comprising gelatin, chitosan, and polycaprolactone (GCP) was synthesized and enhanced with silver nanoparticle-coated CQDs (Ag-CQDs) to form GCP-Q, while citrate addition yielded GCP-QC. Multiple analytical techniques, including electron microscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, UV–Vis, photoluminescence, X-ray diffraction, porosity, degradability, contact angle, and histopathology assessments characterized the CQDs and nanofibers. Integration of CQDs and citrate into the GCP nanofibers increased porosity, hydrophilicity, and degradability—properties favorable for wound healing. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed accelerated wound closure with GCP-Q and GCP-QC compared to GCP alone. Overall, GCP-Q and GCP-QC nanofibers exhibit significant potential for skin tissue engineering applications.

IntroductionApplication of Deep Learning (DL) methods is being increasingly appreciated by researchers from the biomedical engineering domain in which heart sound analysis is an important topic of study. Diversity in methodology, results, and complexity causes uncertainties in obtaining a realistic picture of the methodological performance from the reported methods.MethodsThis survey paper provides the results of a broad retrospective study on the recent advances in heart sound analysis using DL methods. Representation of the results is performed according to both methodological and applicative taxonomies. The study method covers a wide span of related keywords using well-known search engines. Implementation of the observed methods along with the related results is pervasively represented and compared.Results and discussionIt is observed that convolutional neural networks and recurrent neural networks are the most commonly used ones for discriminating abnormal heart sounds and localization of heart sounds with 67.97% and 33.33% of the related papers, respectively. The convolutional neural network and the autoencoder network show a perfect accuracy of 100% in the case studies on the classification of abnormal from normal heart sounds. Nevertheless, this superiority against other methods with lower accuracy is not conclusive due to the inconsistency in evaluation.

Using in ovo injection method, specific nutrients and antioxidants can be provided in precise doses at certain times for maximum absorption by the embryo. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of in ovo injection of flaxseed oil on the quality and antioxidant properties as well as fatty acid profile of breast meat of day-old broilers. 20 one-day-old fertilized eggs were randomly divided into two groups of 10; one control and one FSO (flaxseed oil) which received 100 μL of flaxseed oil by injection into the allantoic sac. The amounts of fat, vitamin E, total phenol, carotenoid, TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) value, color, texture and fatty acid profile of the chicken breast meat were measured. In ovo injection of flaxseed oil significantly increased the fat content. The mean amounts of vitamin E in control and FSO were 0.54 and 0.71 mg/100g, respectively (P

Objective: The main goal is to propose a model for quality control in the defense industry, utilizing image processing and fuzzy transform. Emphasis is on selecting the optimal generalized fuzzy transform section for image compression to enhance the performance of defense and combat weapons. Methodology: The methodology employs modern image processing and fuzzy transform techniques for statistical quality control. High-volume data analysis occurs in production lines, managing processes for defense and combat weapon products like glass and metals. MATLAB is the implementation platform, emphasizing the optimal selection of the generalized fuzzy transform section for image compression and processing. Results: MATLAB validation confirms the success of our model in quality control for defense systems. Comparative studies show the triangular fuzzy section model excels, especially in defect detection post-illumination changes, surpassing Kusha et al. in most cases. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study emphasizes the vital role of image processing and fuzzy transform techniques in defense. The developed model successfully achieves quality control goals, optimizes processes, and enhances defense and combat weapon quality. This reflects a growing industry trend, with an increasing adoption of these methods to meet goals and address challenges.

Abstract Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is recognized as the leading cause of death worldwide. This study analyses CAD risk factors using an artificial neural network (ANN) to predict CAD. Methods The research data were obtained from a multi-center study, namely the Iran-premature coronary artery disease (I-PAD). The current study used the medical records of 415 patients with CAD hospitalized in Razi Hospital, Birjand, Iran, between May 2016 and June 2019. A total of 43 variables that affect CAD were selected, and the relevant data was extracted. Once the data were cleaned and normalized, they were imported into SPSS (V26) for analysis. The present study used the ANN technique. Results The study revealed that 48% of the study population had a history of CAD, including 9.4% with premature CAD and 38.8% with CAD. The variables of age, sex, occupation, smoking, opium use, pesticide exposure, anxiety, sexual activity, and high fasting blood sugar were found to be significantly different among the three groups of CAD, premature CAD, and non-CAD individuals. The neural network achieved success with five hidden fitted layers and an accuracy of 81% in non-CAD diagnosis, 79% in premature diagnosis, and 78% in CAD diagnosis. Anxiety, acceptance, eduction and gender were the four most important factors in the ANN model. Conclusions The current study shows that anxiety is a high-prevalence risk factor for CAD in the hospitalized population. There is a need to implement measures to increase awareness about the psychological factors that can be managed in individuals at high risk for future CAD.

Wideband linear frequency modulation (LFM) signals are widely used in systems such as radar, sonar and mobile. DOA estimation algorithms LFM signals rely on a large number of time frames (Snapshot). Therefore, they are not suitable for low power and real-time applications. In this paper, we present a low computation based estimation method based on the SPICE algorithm for linear arrays using the Fourier transform FFT. The method is to first develop the dechirping algorithm for LFM signals using the FFT converter, then modify the SPICE algorithm for uniform linear arrays (ULA), then obtain the DOA calculations for a few number of snapshots with low computational volumes. The simulation results of the proposed MSPICE algorithm (i.e. modified SPICE algorithm) show that the proposed algorithm is better than other algorithms such as MUSIC and SPICE. We have shown that the proposed method has acceptable accuracy in both low SNRs and low error in high SNRs. In addition, in terms of computational volume, it is much less than the MUSIC and SPICE methods and will have a good robustness compared to other methods.

IntroductionAltruistic prosocial behaviors (i.e., actions primarily intended to benefit others with little to no regard for self-benefit) are of special interest to researchers interested in growth in character strengths following exposure to adversity and trauma (referred to as the altruism-born-of-suffering hypothesis). The present study was designed to examine this hypothesis. Changes in prosocial behaviors following trauma exposure and whether problem-focused coping and familism facilitated prosocial behaviors were investigated in U.S. Mexican youth.MethodsA total of 749 Mexican-origin students (initial M age = 10.42 years, SD = 0.55; 48.9% girls) from the U.S. Southwest completed surveys from 5th grade to early adulthood.ResultsU.S. Mexican girls who reported earlier trauma exhibited increases in altruistic behaviors into young adulthood but only when they reported relatively high levels of familism values in middle adolescence. A similar trend pattern was found for U.S. Mexican boys but only when they expressed relatively high levels of problem-focused coping in middle adolescence. There was other evidence of significant relations between both familism and problem focused coping and prosocial behaviors in these youth.DiscussionFindings demonstrate the potential for prosocial development across adolescence to young adulthood among trauma-exposed youth from a U.S. ethnic/racial minority background.

The current research has selected the best course of action and assessed the performance in power production plants using a combined method of the Organizational Excellence Model and SWOT methodologies. The primary goal of this study is to evaluate the organization's current performance status, identify its issues, and propose appropriate implementation strategies to address negative circumstances. Components of the Organizational Excellence Model include leadership, policy and strategy, human resources (people), partnerships and resources, procedures, customer outcomes, human resource results, community results, and key performance results. Descriptive surveys constitute the current research methodology. The managers and specialists of the power plants within the firm under study comprise the statistical population of this research. The Organizational Excellence Model questionnaire was an integral part of the research instrument. SPSS software was utilized to analyze the collected data. The results analysis revealed that only the element of key performance results was rated as average, whereas other components, such as processes, customer results (clients), human resources results, and community results, all scored above average. Leadership, policy and strategy, partnerships, and resources also scored above average, along with the components of human resources (employees), processes, and customer results.

Background and purpose: Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death in the world, including Iran. Cardiac rehabilitation is associated with improving patients' performance and reducing mortality from all causes of death. This study aimed to investigate the changes in exercise capacity and hemodynamic factors following cardiac rehabilitation in patients referred to the cardiac rehabilitation department of Mazandaran Heart Center. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out by examining the medical records of 262 patients referred between February 2018 to February 2020. Each of the three groups of patients with coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and chronic heart failure were separately examined in terms of values before and after cardiac rehabilitation related to systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and resting heart rate (HR). Data were analyzed with SPSS-22, STAT-15 software. Results: In each of the three mentioned groups of cardiac patients, the mean SBP, DBP, and MAP variables had a significant decrease (P0.2). Conclusion: Cardiac rehabilitation may improve exercise capacity and hemodynamic factors, including SBP, DBP, and MAP in patients with various heart diseases and is recommended as a class І suggestion in eligible patients.

Water supply remains a significant challenge in arid and semi-arid regions, and in addressing this concern, unconventional water sources have gained prominence. Notably, the extraction of water from air humidity, classified as an unconventional water source has seen increased adoption. Diverse techniques have been developed to achieve this goal, with the utilization of mesh networks being particularly prevalent. Consequently, this study assesses the evaluation of the performance of the ERA5 dataset in the simulation of atmospheric variables that influence the ability to assess water harvesting from air humidity (including temperature, wind speed, and water vapor pressure). Also, the possibility of water harvesting from air humidity was investigated in Qazvin Province. The outcomes demonstrated the benefit of incorporating adjustment coefficients in estimating temperature and wind speed using the ERA5 dataset. Based on these findings, the northwestern and southern regions of the province (Kuhin and Takestan) exhibit notable potential during spring and summer for water harvesting from the atmosphere. The peak water harvesting for these stations in the summer is estimated at 10.2 and 9.7 l/day.m2, respectively. Using the ERA5 reanalysis dataset, the annual average potential for water harvesting in the stations was evaluated at 7.9 and 4.6 l/day.m2, respectively. Notably, the minimum water harvesting capacity during the summer season recorded in Qazvin is equal to 3.39 l/day.m2, which can be planned for use in irrigation requirements of green spaces, fields, or gardens.

Objective: This study aimed at the evaluation of anti antiproliferative activity of Lonicera nummularifolia, Lilium ledebourii, Campsis radicans and Parthenocissus quinquefolia extracts. Materials and Methods: The extract was taken from the fresh leaves and bulbs of the plants by maceration method in the dark. After separating the solvent, the remaining dry matter was added to the culture medium containing G292, A431 and KB cancer and HGF-1 normal cells. Cytotoxicity tests, as well as cell cycle and apoptosis tests were performed on cells treated with dry substances and untreated cells. Finally, the most effective extract was separated into fractions by preparative HPLC and the effective fraction was characterized by Triple-Quad LC/MS connected to the UHPLC system.Results: All extracts significantly enhanced cell death rate in the three cancer cell lines more than the HGF-1 line. The Methanolic extract of L. ledebourii bulbs exhibited considerable efficacy on apoptosis induction in the cancer cell lines. It seems that the mode of action for L. ledebourii methanolic extract is mediated through increased BID/MAPK14 expression and decreased MDM2/BCL2/MYC expression, which led to activation of the p53 protein-induced apoptosis. It was also determined that the effective fraction of L. ledebourii methanolic extract consists of substances such as caffeic acid, ferulic acid, coumarin acid, catechin and apigenin.Conclusion: Overall, the findings suggest that L. ledebourii is a promising source of bioactive compounds with anticancer properties.

Shakespeare’s travels into Persia started in the middle of the nineteenth century when modern socio-political forces and the need for a powerful army were fomenting important changes in the traditional structure of government, production, and culture alike. Shakespeare appeared in Persia at a time when the country was experiencing a fundamental transition from older traditions into a western-like government, infrastructure, education, and ideas. Shakespeare was important to this process in two ways. He was enlisted to enrich the cultural property of the country and therefore became ensconced in the educational system. Perhaps more importantly, his plays were used to critique the ruling political system and the prevailing habits of the people. Hamlet has always been a favorite play for the translators and the intellectuals because it starts with regicide and ends with murdering a monarch and replacing him with a just king. Othello, another favorite, was frequently retranslated partly because there were similar themes in Persian culture with which readers could easily connect. Thus, Shakespeare became a Persian Knight and moved from one historical era to another to function as a mirror to reflect the aspirations of the elite, if not those of the common folk. This paper traces Shakespeare’s steps in Persia chronologically, expounding the socio-political context in which Shakespeare and his plays operated not only within the context of academia, but also without in society amongst the people and the elites as political allegories to sidestep censorship and to attack the despotic monarchs and ruling power.

The evolution of ultrasound (US) techniques has greatly improved the evaluation of many parameters in dialysis vascular access, which is typically achieved through an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or graft (AVG). These techniques include grayscale B-mode, color Doppler, power Doppler, spectral Doppler, non-Doppler US flow imaging techniques, contrast-enhanced US, and elastography. In conjunction with a patient’s medical history and physical examination, US provides crucial information about the native vascular bed prior to the surgical creation of an arteriovenous anastomosis. It also tracks the maturation progress of the newly created AVF or AVG and aids in diagnosing potential complications of the vascular access. These complications include thrombosis, steal syndrome, aneurysms, pseudoaneurysms, hematomas, infection, ischemic neuropathy, exacerbation of preexisting congestive heart failure, and stenosis.

Abstract Background Insulin pump therapy (IPT) improves glucose control in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared with multiple daily injections (MDI). However, their size, the tethered insulin infusion set, intrusiveness when operating the device and the need to disconnect during showering limit their acceptance to many who may benefit. The Omnipod DASH® Insulin Management System is a small waterproof tubeless device which is wirelessly controlled by a handheld device which may be an acceptable alternative. However, there are no randomised controlled trials focusing on the impact on user perceptions of tubeless insulin pump therapy. This pilot study aims to assess study feasibility and acceptability of patch pump therapy compared with usual care in adults with T1D in Australia to inform power calculations and progression to a large-scale multi-site randomised controlled study. Methods A pilot multi-site parallel randomised controlled study will be conducted in sixty-four adults with T1D who are managed on MDI or IPT and self-monitoring with finger-stick blood glucose from four specialist diabetes centres in Victoria, Australia. Following carbohydrate counting education, participants will be randomised to use Omnipod DASH® System (Omnipod group) or continue usual care (usual care group) for 12 weeks, followed by a 12-week extension phase where all participants will use Omnipod DASH® System. The primary outcome measure is feasibility determined by study completion rates with a threshold of 0.80. Acceptability of the intervention (Omnipod DASH® System) will be assessed by the difference in Diabetes Technology Questionnaire ‘current’ (DTQ-current) score at 12 weeks post-randomisation compared to baseline. Secondary outcomes will include other measures of user acceptance, process outcomes, resource outcomes, participant-centred outcomes, healthcare professional perceptions and glycaemic outcomes. Discussion This pilot study will provide insights regarding the feasibility of the study design and the first data regarding user acceptance of insulin patch pump technology in Australian T1D adults. We anticipate that this study will provide information informing the design of a larger study evaluating the impact of patch pumps on subjective outcomes that are of significance to the person living with T1D. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ( https://anzctr.org.au/ ) ACTRN12621001195842 (8th September 2021). Please refer to Additional file 1: Appendix 1 for full details.

Abstract Background Climate change has been identified as the greatest threat to global health in the twenty-first century, with its unfavorable health consequences being among its impacts on humans. Exploring the perspectives and understanding of healthcare professionals and service providers concerning climate change becomes imperative. The aim of this study is to investigate the perceptions and understanding of final-year medical students regarding the health impacts of climate change on individuals and the healthcare system using a qualitative content analysis. Methods This study employed a qualitative content analysis approach. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with the aid of an interview guide to explore the students' awareness, understanding, and attitudes towards the impacts of climate change on public health and the healthcare system. The collected interview data were subsequently organized into codes, categories, and subcategories based on the students' perspectives and attitudes towards climate change. Results Fifteen medical intern students were interviewed for this study, and the qualitative findings were categorized into 3 categories, 23 subcategories, and 229 codes. The study's findings revealed various health impacts of climate change, which were classified into three main categories, including environmental effects with 8 subcategories, socio-economic effects with 8 subcategories, and health effects with 7 subcategories. The study's findings revealed medical students' perceptions of various health impacts of climate change and These findings suggest that medical student understand that climate change has significant impacts on individuals' health and society, mainly through environmental degradation, increased risks, and climate-related disasters, which ultimately lead to adverse health outcomes. Conclusions The perspectives of medical students in this study indicate that climate change may not have a direct and immediate impact on the health of individuals and communities. However, it can significantly influence their health and socio-economic well-being by exacerbating or causing environmental problems, increasing the risk of weather-related events and natural disasters, ultimately leading to adverse health outcomes. While the medical students' perspectives on the health impacts of climate change are indeed broad, incorporating scientific knowledge about this topic into the medical curriculum and educating students on how to deal with patients affected by these consequences can have a significant impact on health management. This proactive approach, despite the students' already comprehensive understanding, can enhance their preparedness to address the health effects of climate change and contribute to strengthening the healthcare system's resilience in the face of climate-related challenges.

Abstract Purpose To evaluate efficacy, safety, and outcomes of endovascular treatment of hepatic vein stenosis post major liver resection. Methods A retrospective data analysis was performed including all interventional treatments of hepatic vein stenosis post major liver resection since 2010. Post procedural course and clinical parameters including amount of ascites accumulation and relevant laboratory values were assessed during the follow-up period. Primary and primary assisted hepatic venous patency time were calculated. Results Twelve patients (median age 55.5, IQR 49.75 to 61.5 years) undergoing a total of 16 interventions were included. Interventions were primary stent placement (n = 3), primary balloon angioplasty (n = 8), three re-interventions and two aborted interventions (no significant pressure gradient). Technical success was 100% (16/16). Permanent reduction and / or complete resolution of ascites was achieved in 72% (8/11). Laboratory parameters related to liver function did not show significant improvement after intervention. Median follow-up period was 6 months (IQR: 1.5 to 18 months). The median primary patency time for patients with balloon angioplasty was 11 months (IQR: 1.375 to 22.25 months) and assisted patency time was 13.25 months (IQR: 4.5 to 22.25 months). The median primary patency time for patients with angioplasty and stent placement was 1 months (IQR: 1.0 to 1.5 months) and assisted patency time was 2.0 months (IQR: 1.5 to 2.5months). Conclusion An endovascular approach for the treatment of hepatic venous stenosis post major liver resection is safe and efficient to reduce and / or resolve refractory ascites. However, liver function parameters seem not to be improved by the procedure. Stent placement can be a reasonable option in patients with significant residual stenotic disease post angioplasty.

Abstract Embracing an interaction between the phase change material (PCM) and the droplets of a heat transfer fluid, the direct contact (DC) method suggests a cutting-edge solution for expediting the phase change rates of PCMs in thermal energy storage (TES) units. In the direct contact TES configuration, when impacting the molten PCM pool, droplets evaporate, provoking the formation of a solidified PCM area (A). Then, they reduce the created solid temperature, leading to a minimum temperature value (T min). As a novelty, this research intends to maximize A and minimize T min since augmenting A expedites the discharge rate, and by lowering T min, the generated solid is preserved longer, resulting in a higher storage efficacy. To take the influences of interaction between droplets into account, the simultaneous impingement of two ethanol droplets on a molten paraffin wax is surveyed. Impact parameters (Weber number, impact spacing, and the pool temperature) govern the objective functions (A and T min). Initially, through high-speed and IR thermal imaging, the experimental values of objective functions are achieved for a wide range of impact parameters. Afterward, exploiting an artificial neural network (ANN), two models are fitted to A and T min, respectively. Subsequently, the models are provided for the NSGA-II algorithm to implement multi-objective optimization (MOO). Eventually, utilizing two different final decision-making (FDM) approaches (LINMAP and TOPSIS), optimized impact parameters are attained from the Pareto front. Regarding the results, the optimum amount of Weber number, impact spacing, and pool temperature accomplished by LINMAP and TOPSIS procedures are 309.44, 2.84 mm, 66.89 °C, and 294.98, 2.78 mm, 66.89 °C, respectively. This is the first investigation delving into the optimization of multiple droplet impacts for TES applications.

AbstractPreserving the Natural Environmental Cultural Heritage (NECH) and improving the urban Quality of Life (QOL) are among crucial urban planning issues with critical roles in the sustainability of cities. There are several sources on the QOL in cultural heritage documents, i.e., scientific and operational reports, but the relationship between the QOL and cultural heritage has not been appropriately explicated yet. Zayandehrud River in Isfahan City is a natural environmental cultural heritage. It suffers from ignoring its heritage values and human hazards (drought) while depriving citizens of potential and actual capabilities. So, through urban planning, heritage values help to enhance the urban QOL and affect surrounding areas. The present study described the NECH values of the Zayandehrud River in Isfahan and the components of the QOL of the surrounding residents and emphasized the importance and extent of the relationship between the two basic concepts. This is an applied study based on quantitative and qualitative (Mixed methods) approaches. Data collection is based on documentaries, field studies, surveys, observation tools, and structured questionnaires. Data analysis was done using document analysis, along with quantitative analyses such as Friedman's test and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results showed that the NECH values of the Zayandehrud River have a significant impact on the dimensions of the QOL of the surrounding residents, and applying principles adapted to the natural environment heritage of the cities is coextensive with upgrading the resident’s quality of life.Keywords: Natural Environmental Cultural Heritage (NECH), Quality of Life (QOL), Zayandehrud River, Isfahan City, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). IntroductionThe issue of natural environmental cultural heritage (NECH) and enhancing the urban quality of life (UQOL) are interesting topics in urban planning. Although lots of sources exist in the format of scientific and operational reports, the relationship between the quality of life and heritage environments has not been clearly stated yet. Urban rivers are a part of the natural environmental-cultural heritage, and are a tool for connecting people, cities, and nature. However, they are neglected in most studies. Depriving citizens of potential as well as fueled natural and human hazards (drought) are results of ignoring heritage values of the Zayandehrud River in Isfahan City. While the values of the river affect its surrounding areas through urban planning, they help to reduce potential risks and maximize using the river in order to enhance the urban quality of life. This study investigates the heritage values of the natural environment of the Zayandehrud River in Isfahan and the components of the quality of life of the surrounding residents. The study emphasizes the importance and extent of the relationship between the values of the natural environment of the Zayandehrud River and the dimensions of the quality of life of the residents (as key stakeholders) around it. Materials and MethodsThis study is based on a descriptive-analytical method (quantitative and qualitative approaches) conducted in four stages: 1) reviewing and rewriting texts and documents related to the theoretical aspect of the NECH and QOL concepts and classification of the values of NECH and dimensions of the QOL of the residents around Zayandehrud River; 2) identifying the key stakeholders involved in NECH and QOL of the Zayandehrud River; 3) valuation of the objects of heritage values and dimensions of the QOL of the Zayandehrud River from the point of view of the experts of the stakeholder organizations; and 4) analysis of the relationship between dimensions of the QOL from the point of view of the residents (as key stakeholders) around it. Research FindingsThe results of the study showed that the natural environment heritage values of the Zayandehrud River have a significant impact on the dimensions of the quality of life of the surrounding residents. Its heritage values include three categories: 1) environmental, emotional, and perceptual values, 2) historical, cultural, and social values, and 3) practical values. The quality of life of the residents includes six dimensions which are 1) political and managerial, 2) economic, 3) historical, 4) social, 5) physical, and 6) environmental dimensions. However, each of them includes several components and indicators. Discussion of Results and Conclusions Considering the results of the study, the achievement of a conceptual model is to fill the gap between the quality of life and the natural environment (cultural heritage concepts) and to apply principles adapted to local conditions in such a way that the capacities of the natural environment heritage of the cities are coextensive with upgrading the resident’s quality of life. This issue indicates that improving the quality of life without taking into account the preservation of the heritage values of the natural environment of the Zayandehrud River in the planning agenda of the city of Isfahan cannot achieve the desired result. The quality of life measures that are placed at a lower level than the quality of life dimensions have been revised and adjusted under the influence of the heritage values of the natural environment of the Zayandehrud River.

Offshore wind-turbine (OWT) support structures are subjected to cyclic dynamic loads with variations in loadings from wind and waves as well as the rotation of blades throughout their lifetime. The magnitude and extent of the cyclic loading can create a fatigue limit state controlling the design of support structures. In this paper, the remaining fatigue life of the support structure for a GE Haliade 6 MW fixed-bottom jacket offshore wind turbine within the Block Island Wind Farm (BIWF) is assessed. The fatigue damage to the tower and the jacket support structure using stress time histories at instrumented and non-instrumented locations are processed. Two validated finite-element models are utilized for assessing the stress cycles. The modal expansion method and a simplified approach using static calculations of the responses are employed to estimate the stress at the non-instrumented locations—known as virtual sensors. It is found that the hotspots at the base of the tower have longer service lives than the jacket. The fatigue damage to the jacket leg joints is less than 20% and 40% of its fatigue capacity during the 25-year design lifetime of the BIWF OWT, using the modal expansion method and the simplified static approach, respectively.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease affecting humans and animals. Despite a lack of clarity about many details of parasite–intermediate host interactions, the nature of the immune responses triggered by hydatid infection has revealed new perspectives. This study discusses the latest advances in elucidating the immunologic mechanism of echinococcosis and its detection and potential approaches to enhance serodiagnosis accuracy. Moreover, nanobiosensors have been evaluated according to their potential to improve treatment efficiency and aid in an early diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis. The serum of an intermediate host can diagnose CE by analyzing antibodies induced by Echinococcus granulosus. Among the most notable features of this method are its noninvasive ability and high sensitivity, both of which make it an excellent tool for clinical diagnosis. Several serological tests, including ELISAs and immunoblotting, can detect these antibodies to assess the disease’s state and determine the treatment outcome. A thorough understanding of what cross-reactivity means and the stage of the disease are crucial to interpreting serological results. Nanobiosensors have also proven better than conventional biosensors in detecting hydatid cysts. Additionally, they are highly sensitive and versatile when detecting specific biomarkers, improving diagnostic accuracy. These immunomodulatory molecules, induced by E. granulosus, are a good candidate for diagnosing cystic echinococcosis because they alter intermediate host immune responses. Hydatid cyst detection is also enhanced through nanobiosensors, which provide better accuracy.

Nowadays, with the expansion of various methods of obtaining information from different systems and digital cameras, the use of image processing has been widely used. Due to the increase in the huge amount of data in the industry and the need to control and monitor this amount of data, the use of image processing methods has been widely used in various industries. The analysis of these data at different levels, including the control of production line processes, is one of the most up-to-date methods in the quality control system of the statistical process of products. Therefore, using new approaches for data monitoring and quality control of manufactured products can be considered as a fruitful method. The aim of the current research is to provide a model to control the quality of manufactured products based on the image processing technique approach and using fuzzy transformations for image compression and image data processing. In order to validate the results of this research, MATLAB software was used and the developed model was compared with previous studies. The simulation results show that the proposed GLR control chart is effective in reducing the error and increasing the detection accuracy. So that in the first image after applying the changes in brightness, the warning showed that this represents the proper performance of the proposed control chart against the changes.

Abstract Background Despite significant achievements in the prevention and control of NCDs in Iran, these conditions are still the biggest challenges to Iran's healthcare system and are estimated to account for 78.1 percent of all deaths. Therefore, this study aimed to reflect on the potential challenges standing in the way to implement the relevant policies, empower the dimensions of governance, and react in an effective and timely manner by Iran's healthcare system to NCDs. Methods This study was conducted with a qualitative approach using the conventional content analysis method. A total of 46 senior managers involved in the prevention and control of NCDs at the medical sciences universities across Iran were recruited through the purposive sampling method and were interviewed via semi-structured interviews. Graneheim and Lundman's approach was utilized to analyze the data. Results According to the analysis of the senior managers' viewpoints, current challenges to implement the program for the prevention and control of NCDs in Iran could be placed into six main categories, including financing, human resources, infrastructure and inputs, legal, executive, administrative, as well as inter-sectoral collaboration, and management and policy-making challenges with their own sub-categories. Conclusion The results revealed that financing was the biggest challenge to successfully implementing the program for the prevention and control of NCDs in Iran. However, strengthening Iran's healthcare system in the field of the prevention of NCDs demanded more innovative measures and strategies, such as the empowerment of human resources, the effective use of intra- and inter-sectoral collaboration, and non-governmental organizations and charities, along with the exploitation of evidence-based studies during policy-making and decision-making processes, with no need for financial resources.

Abstract Electrical vehicles (EVs) are among the fastest‐growing electrical loads that change both temporally and spatially at distribution networks. Moreover, the existence of uncertain parameters, such as EVs as well as domestic loads in power networks, poses serious operational challenges for them. Accordingly, stochastic studies of system performance are a must. Against this background, this paper aims to present a stochastic multi‐objective method for the problem of simultaneous active and reactive power management as well as harmonic compensation in distribution networks in the presence of EVs and non‐linear devices (NLDs). This method minimizes costs associated with power generation and losses. Besides, it improves the total harmonic distortion of voltage (THDv) at network buses subject to network and EV constraints. In the proposed method, to strike a balance between exploration and exploitation abilities, a hybrid technique named the “PSO‐GA optimization algorithm” was used to take advantage of both the genetic algorithm (GA) and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) method. Accordingly, the effectiveness of the proposed method was examined on a standard IEEE 33‐bus distribution network populated with EVs equipped with on‐board bidirectional chargers. The results obtained showed that the proposed model improved network power quality indices as well as economic and technical issues of EVs in parking lots.

Abstract Background Despite the recommendation of the current guidelines, intracoronary administration of nitroglycerine during coronary angiography is often neglected. We investigated the effect of intra-coronary nitroglycerin on the relief of coronary artery stenosis in the candidates for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods We included patients with angina pectoris or myocardial infarction who were candidates for PCI. In the coronary angiography, the culprit vessel involved was evaluated, and bolus nitroglycerin at a dose of 25–200 mcg was injected into the affected coronary artery. A significant change in the percentage of coronary artery stenosis was considered a positive response, and these patients were then compared with patients who did not have a substantial change in the percentage of stenosis at the same time. Univariate analysis and then multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the predictors of response to intracoronary nitroglycerin. Results Among 360 patients, 27 (7.5%) responded to nitroglycerine, and 333 (92.5%) were non-responsive. The mean age of patients was 60.2 ± 11.6 years, ranging from 23 to 93 years, and 265 (73.6%) were men. The study groups were not significantly different in the baseline demographic characteristics. The presence of multivessel disease (Odds ratio (OR) = 16.26, 95% confidence interval (CI):2.07–127.6; P = 0.008) and stenosis in the left circumflex artery (OR = 3.62, 95% CI: 1.03–12.70; P = 0.044) were the independent predictors for nonresponse to nitroglycerine, leading to PCI. Conclusion In some cases, especially those without multivessel diseases, intracoronary nitroglycerine administration can efficiently relieve coronary stenosis and prevent unnecessary PCI.

Background and Aims: Chronic diseases affect daily life activities. Naturally, as people age, their activity level drops, increasing the risk of diseases. Therefore, physical activity and aging are in a vicious cycle. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between chronic diseases and physical activity in the elderly in Birjand, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was part of a cohort study entitled "Comprehensive Plan for the Elderly in Birjand" conducted on 1,418 participants aged 60 years and older in 2018. Before data collection, informed consent was obtained, and physical activity was measured using LASA Questionnaire. The standard medical history questionnaire assessed the participant's chronic disease history. Results: Out of 1,418 elderly participants, 683 (48.1%) were male, and 735 (51.8%) were female, 1,063 (74.9%) were in the age range of 60-74. Around 351 (24.8%) of the participants had diabetes, 606 (42.7%) had high blood pressure, 457 (32.2%) suffered from dyslipidemia, and 79 (5.6%) had experienced a heart attack. The results showed that 50% of the geriatrics in the current study had moderate physical activity (more than 600 minutes per week), 37% had no physical activity (less than 300 minutes per week), and 13% had little physical activity (between 300 and 600 minutes per week). Diseases such as arthritis (P=0.03), cancer (P=0.02), hypertension (P=0.001), stroke (P=0.001), myocardial infarction (P=0.04), and heart failure (P=0.03) had a significant relationship with physical activity. Conclusion: As there was a relationship between chronic diseases and physical activity, the results of this study help policymakers in the field of geriatrics' health and proper planning for health and treatment services.

The combat capability of the air force and the flight of fighter and transport aircraft are highly dependent on the presence of ground support systems. The resence of a large number of ground support systems in aircraft repair centers and overhaul centers for heavy repairs indicates the existence of deficiencies in maintenance and repair methods. Aircraft ground support equipment has always faced the problem of increasing maintenance and repair costs, and the statistics of ground-based aircraft support systems have an upward trend, which is now looking for a solution to control the current situation. the Purpose of this study is to explain how to optimize the maintenance method of aircraft ground support systems in nahaja. and the main research question: optimizing the maintenance of aircraft ground support systems in nahaja how should it be? which is based now the type of applied research and the method of doing it are descriptive and intergrated with the approach. The statistica population of the study includes all expert commanders and officials of the aircraft ground support equipment department in nahaja units, which is a factor of 120 people. at a significance level of five percent, the accuracy of the research hypotheses is constrained. the innovation of this research is counting and extracting instrutions for using aircraft ground support systems, improving the scheduling process of using equipment.

Abstract Background Due to the more stability and a better homogenecity in immune response, the use of thermoresistant vaccines in different chicken types has been increased. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a newly developed Newcastle disease vaccine (ND.TR.IR) originating from I‐2 strain in specific pathogen‐free (SPF) and native and broiler chickens. Methods Following determination of pathogenicity indices on the candidate seed, three efficacy examinations were conducted. In the first experiment, 120 1‐day‐old SPF chickens were randomly allocated to six groups and either vaccinated with ND.TR.IR via eye drop at 1, 7, and 21 days of age (V1, V7, and V21), or considered as non‐vaccinated control groups (C1, C7, and C21). At 20th post‐vaccination day, sera hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titres against ND virus (NDV) were measured and then the chickens were challenged by virulent NDV (vNDV). In the second and third experiments, the efficacy of ND.TR.IR vaccine was compared to routine vaccination program (B1 and LaSota) in native and broiler chickens that were vaccinated at 10 and 20 days of age, respectively. The HI antibody titres were measured on 10, 20, 30, and 40 days of age, and also challenge efficacy test with vNDV was conducted on 30 days of age. Results The studied virus, as a vaccinal seed, complied with the pathogenicity indices of avirulent NDV and molecular identity of I‐2 strain. In the efficacy evaluation trials, the vaccinated chickens had higher HI antibody titres against NDV compared with their corresponding control chickens (p

Introduction: Empathy reduces the inherent anxiety of dental care procedures and can increase the patient's satisfaction with the services provided. On the other hand, The absence of positive empathic attitude in dental practitioners is one of the most important issues in dental care services The aim of this study was to determine the attitude of undergraduate dental students and interns toward empathy and association factors in Islamic Azad University of Tehran - dental branch in 2020. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 274 people of dental undergraduate students and interns of Islamic Azad University of Tehran - dental branch were chosen. For data collection, demographic and the Persian translation of Jefferson empathy questionnaire were used. SPSS version 16, one-way ANOVA and correlation coefficients were used for data analyses. Results: 255 approved questionnaires were returned. Among the factors studied, three factors (age, gender, previous clinical activity) had statistically significant impact on empathy. Age was inversely related to empathy score (P = 0.02) and empathy score was higher in women than men and this difference was statistically significant (P = 0.034). Students with more previous clinical activities scored higher empathy numbers (P=0/004). Other factor's impact on empathy were not statistically significant (P>0/05). Conclusion: This study found that The average score obtained by students and professional assistants seems to indicate that they have acceptable levels of ethical commitment. Emphasis is placed on ethical policies to increase empathy.

In evidence-based medicine, constructing research questions is the most important part of research integration. Formulating a research question is the first step to conducting a credible and valuable research. Patient, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) is a specialized framework used by most researchers to formulate a research question and facilitate resource review. In the heart ward of Razi Hospital, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, according to the needs assessments, PICO was implemented during the Journal Club to familiarize students with research and increase their level of knowledge, attitude, as well as clinical reasoning skills. In this article, we explain the case of a 36-year-old woman with typical chest pain for 3 hours due to severe stress, without cardiac risk factors referring to the emergency room. The clinical examination was normal. The ST elevation was observed in the aVR lead. The question is “Should we perform an invasive intervention for this patient?

This study aimed to analyze the kinematic development of a rehabilitation cable robot for patients with cerebral palsy problems. For this purpose, the walking pattern of a healthy person was analyzed in the robot by extracting his kinematic model. Therefore, a seven-link model was considered, and changes in the mass center of the links and then movements during the gait cycle were obtained with the angles related to joint changes. Next, the person’s integration with the rehabilitation cable robot was investigated with the resolution of the direct kinematic problem. In addition, the change-related outputs of the cables were obtained by the person’s movement and the attached belt. The robot was further proposed because the specific change diagram of the cables facilitates understanding how much motor torque is needed to change the length of the cable. It is noteworthy that the static person balance is provided in the existing rehabilitation robots. However, in this structure, the balance is done by the six degrees of freedom robot so that the robot can return the person to the original path when he loses his balance. Cable systems for the lower limbs (thighs and shanks) are also simulated to rehabilitate the patient. The obtained results from the simulation and the obtained output from kinematic equations for lower limb movements were also compared, and the highest deference was 2.2, 1.8, 1.8, and 1.5% for shank-back, shank-front, thigh-back, and thigh-front of the leg in the corresponding points in the outputs of both software, respectively.

BackgroundBorderline personality disorder is a major mental illness characterized by sustained relationship instability, impulsive behavior, and intense affects. Adherence is a complex behavior, from minor refusals to abandonment of treatment, which can be affected by various factors. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting pharmacological and psychotherapy adherence, patients' attitude toward medication, and assessing medication and treatment adherence in patients with borderline personality disorder referred to an outpatient referral clinic in Tehran, Iran.MethodsThe study was a cross-sectional study. The files of patients with borderline personality disorder referred to the outpatient clinic of the Tehran Psychiatric Institute were reviewed as the first step. Data were collected using the Drug Attitude Inventory-10 (DAI-10) questionnaire and a questionnaire to determine the attitude of patients toward pharmacological and psychotherapy treatment as well as therapeutic adherence. After collecting data, patients' therapeutic adherence was divided into poor, partial, and good compliance.ResultsNinety-four patients were involved in the study, and fifty-four were women. Findings of DAI showed that 54 (57.4%) participants had negative attitudes toward medication, while 38 (40.4%) participants showed a negative attitude toward psychotherapy treatment. Additionally, the percentage of patients with good psychotherapy adherence (44.7%) was higher than that of patients with good medication adherence (31.9%). The most common reasons for discontinuation of treatment were medication side effects (53.1%), dissatisfaction with the therapist (40.3%), and then fear of medication dependence (40%). Patients with higher education levels and a positive history of hospitalization in a psychiatric ward had better adherence to psychotherapy (P < 0.05).ConclusionResults of the current study show that attitude toward psychotherapy is more favorable than pharmacotherapy among patients with BPD. The rationale may be that medications are mainly prescribed for comorbid conditions and do not have substantial effects on the BPD symptoms, resulting in low medication adherence.

ObjectivesTo report two different presentations of migraine with the olfactory hallucinations. A case with the typical hallucinatory olfactory symptoms preceding migraine headaches and another case with longstanding olfactory hallucinations.BackgroundMigraine prevails in about 12% of the general population, with the migraine aura accountable for at least one-third of these cases. The most common aura is the visual aura, followed by the sensory aura, speech, and motor auras. Olfactory hallucinations preceding the headache phase of migraine are rare. To date, the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) has not recognized them as a subset of migraine aura.ResultsThis report presents a patient with a typical Phantosmia (PO) aura before her migraine headache and a patient who experiences a longstanding PO aura.ConclusionThe olfactory hallucination may present differently in patients with migraine disease. Based on the clinical significance of migraine with olfactory hallucinations, we propose that the ICHD classify this phenomenon as a subtype of aura in the future. However, larger studies are still required to better assess the pathophysiology of this phenomenon.

In recent years, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have accounted for about 70% of the worldchr('39')s deaths. The most common NCDs are cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, and chronic respiratory diseases. These diseases have four common risk factors, including inadequate physical activity, unhealthy diet, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption. Cardiovascular diseases, despite their high prevalence, are the most preventable chronic diseases. The most common risk factor for cardiovascular disease is high blood pressure, which can be prevented if it is diagnosed and controlled carefully. Recent guidelines have changed the methods of blood pressure measurement, definition, and treatments. Recently, more emphasis has been placed on Out-of-Office Blood Pressure Measurement. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the methods of measuring blood pressure at home and 24-hour Holter blood pressure monitoring, as well as understanding its standards. The use of automatic arm sphygmomanometers to measure blood pressure is more acceptable than manual ones (mercury or Aneroid). The most accepted definitions of hypertension are BP≥140/90 mm Hg in the clinic, the average blood pressure at home≥135/85 mm Hg, and the average blood pressure in 24-hour Holter monitoring≥130/80 mm Hg. Proper treatment of hypertension by changing lifestyle and proper medication therapy can control blood pressure and prevent serious complications. Today, the use of combination drugs, especially a single pill in a single dose, has been emphasized. This study aimed to review the most recent hypertension treatment protocols based on the guidelines of the American Heart Association (AHA 2017), the European Society of Cardiology (ESC 2018), the British Heart Association (NICE 2019), and the International Society of Hypertension (ISH 2020). Furthermore, this study attempted to assess the symptoms, complications, methods of diagnosing, definitions, as well as pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments of hypertension.

The effect of the width to thickness ratio on the bendability of sheet metal is investigated using the finite element method (FEM) employing the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman (GTN) model. Strain path changes in the sheet with change in the width/thickness ratio. It is shown that bendability and fracture strain increase significantly by decrease in the width/thickness ratio. The stress state is almost uniaxial when the stress ratio (α) is close to zero for narrow sheets. Stress ratio is nothing but the major stress to minor stress ratio. This delays the growth and coalescence of micro-voids as the volumetric strain and stress triaxiality (pressure/effective stress) decrease. On the other hand, ductility decreases with increase in α for wider sheets. Fracture bending strain is calculated and, as expected, it increases with decrease in the width/thickness ratio. Furthermore, a brief study is performed to understand the effect of superimposed hydrostatic pressure on fracture strain for various sheet metals with different width/thickness ratios. It is found that the superimposed hydrostatic pressure increases the ductility, and that the effect of the width/thickness ratio in metals on ductility is as significant as the effect of superimposed hydrostatic pressure. Numerical results are found to be in good agreement with experimental observations.

Background and purpose: Almost half of non-specific knee pain can be attributed to patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). There is paucity of information about the effects of different types of combination therapies including exercise and taping and optimizing training variables. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of combination of taping and quadriceps strengthening and hamstring stretching exercises on PFPS. Materials and methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 60 male patients (20-50 years old) with PFPS were randomly divided into four groups: 1) Quadriceps strengthening exercise and taping, 2) Hamstring stretching exercise and taping, 3) Quadriceps strengthening and hamstring stretching exercise, and 4) Quadriceps strengthening, hamstring stretching exercise, and taping. Pain and functional outcomes were assessed before and immediately after treatment using VAS scale, KOOS scale, and 6 MWT test. Data were analyzed in SPSS V20. Results: Compared to beginning of the study, significant decrease in mean VAS scores (P

Accurate estimation of offshore wind turbine (OWT) modal parameters has a prominent effect on the design loads, lifetime prediction, and dynamic response of the system. Modal parameters can vary during the operation of OWTs. This paper studies the variation and sensitivity analysis of an OWT’s modal parameters with respect to operational and environmental conditions. Three finite element models of a jacket-supported OWT at the Block Island Wind Farm are created within the OpenSees, SAP2000, and OpenFAST platforms and validated using experimental measurements. The OpenFAST model is used to simulate the modal parameters of the turbine under various wind speed, rotor speed, power, yaw angle, mean sea level, blade pitch angle, and soil spring values. The model-predicted modal parameters of the first fore–aft (FA) and side–side (SS) modes are compared to those identified from experimental measurements. Results from the simulations show that the first FA natural frequency and damping ratio mostly depend on the rotor speed and wind speed, respectively, while yaw angle and mean sea level do not have a visible effect. It is observed that there is about 8% stiffening in the first FA frequency and an aerodynamic damping of 7.5% during the operation of the OWT.

Summary: Background: Interleukin-6 inhibitors reduce mortality in severe COVID-19. British Columbia began using tocilizumab 8 mg/kg (maximum 800 mg) in January 2021 in critically ill patients with COVID-19, but due to drug shortages, decreased dosing to 400 mg IV fixed dose in April 2021. The aims of this study were twofold: to compare physiological responses and clinical outcomes of these two strategies, and examine the cost-effectiveness of treating all patients with 400 mg versus half the patients with 8 mg/kg and the other half without tocilizumab. Methods: This was a single-centre, before-after cohort study of critically ill COVID-19 patients treated with tocilizumab, and a control cohort treated with dexamethasone only. Physiological responses and clinical outcomes were compared between patients receiving both doses of tocilizumab and those receiving dexamethasone only. We built a decision tree model to examine cost-effectiveness. Findings: 152 patients were included; 40 received tocilizumab 8 mg/kg, 59 received 400 mg and 53 received dexamethasone only. Median CRP fell from 103 mg/L to 5.2 mg/L, 96 mg/L to 6.8 mg/L and from 81.3 mg/L to 48 mg/L in the 8 mg/kg, 400 mg tocilizumab, and dexamethasone only groups, respectively. 28-day mortality was 5% (n=2) vs 8% (n=5) vs 13% (n=7), with no significant difference in all pair-wise comparison. At an assumed willingness-to-pay threshold of $50,000 Canadian per life-year, utilizing 400 mg for all patients rather than 8 mg/kg for half the patients is cost-effective in 51.6% of 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations. Interpretation: Both doses of tocilizumab demonstrated comparable reduction of inflammation with similar 28-day mortality. Without consideration of equity, the net monetary benefits of providing 400 mg tocilizumab to all patients are comparable to 8 mg/kg to half the patients. In the context of ongoing drug shortages, fixed-dose 400 mg tocilizumab may be a practical, feasible and economical option. Funding: This work was supported by a gift donation from Hsu & Taylor Family to the VGH Foundation, and the Yale Bernard G. Forget Scholarship.

Defending the nation's most important and sensitive airspace resources that are constantly threatened is a sacred and inevitable task, and a major part of this mission is the Air Defense Force. One of the most difficult parts of the threat is cruise missiles. In this research, we have examined the challenges of air defense for the detection of cruise missiles by looking at the stages of the implementation of operational air defense missions (including detection, identification, interception, and ultimately destruction of hostile targets). The study population included documents, documents, and experts in the discovery systems as well as the cruise missile. The statistical population of this study includes all the AJA officials (who are thoroughly familiar with cruise detection and missile systems). According to the classification of the statistical population, the number of this population was calculated by applying a specific coefficient of 260 persons and the sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula 121. The main purpose of this research is to explain the challenges of air defense to discover cruise missiles and to investigate the answer to the question of what are the challenges of air defense to detect cruise missiles? In this study, the results were analyzed and explained by Cronbach's alpha test (0.82). Cruise missiles, like any flying vehicle, can be intercepted by radars, but due to their high-tech capabilities and technology, tracking is a little more difficult.

Background and purpose: Association between vitamin D and anterior cruciate ligament injury (ACLI) in male athletes is poorly understood, and current data are not sufficient and consistent. The present study investigated the association between vitamin D and ACLI in some Iranian male athletes. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 100 male athletes with knee pain attending Sari Imam Khomeini Hospital, Iran 2016. They were evaluated into two groups: male athletes with ACL injury (AI group; n=50) and without ACL injury (WAI group; n=50). ACL injury was verified according to physical examination and MRI findings. Data, including the age, serum 25 (OH) D concentrations, body mass index (BMI), and previous history of exercise were recorded and analyzed in SPSS V20. Results: The mean age of participants and their serum 25 (OH) D levels were 28±6 years and 25.07±1.02 ng/dl, respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups in mean age, BMI, and previous history of exercise (P> 0.05). The mean serum 25 (OH) D levels were found to be significantly lower in AI group than those in WAI group (P< 0.001). Conclusion: The current study showed that lower serum concentrations of 25 (OH) D are associated with the risk of ACLI in male athletes.

Background: Critical events can cause panic in the university community and raise the question of whether universities can prepare for and respond to these events while effectively maintaining a culture of inclusiveness and free access. Methods: The current study was conducted based on a scoping review of texts using the Arkesy and O’Malley frameworks and the PRISMA checklist to improve the quality of the report. For this study, crisis management programs at universities and institutes of higher education in all countries of the world within a period of 10 years (2010-2020) were searched using appropriate keywords approved in MeSH and various databases such as Embase, PubMed and Scopus, Proquest, and Iranian SID and Magiran databases. Finally, according to the search parameters, 21 studies were included in the final study, and an output table was extracted. Results: The goals of university crisis programs when encountering existing accidents and crises are divided into several general categories: planning and creating a framework for dealing with the crisis, continuing to work in times of crisis, communicating in times of crisis, and providing supplies and continuity of training. The next most crucial element in the university crisis program is the formation of a crisis management team. Conclusion: It is indispensable for students, faculty, and administrators to receive training in crisis management to prevent any possible harm to individuals when dealing with crises in universities. As a result, it is recommended that crisis management officials in universities pay serious attention.

In the past, most military operations were planned and implemented based on intelligence estimates, human resources, logistics and other estimates and operational plans. Meanwhile gradually, prediction, planning and decision-making techniques became more varied and expanded with the development of joint and even compound operations. In this paper, the utilization of prediction and future studies methods is considered various methods have been identified and introduced. By reviewing the application of these methods in scientific papers in the last 10 years and the opinions of experts, it has been found that it is increasing the trend of using prediction and futuristic methods. Based on library studies and interview with experts were identified forecasting and future studies methods in the two groups: quantitative and qualitative methods. 64 methods were extracted by using PCA method. The status of application of these methods was calculated in the decision-making environment of joint and compound operations by the importance-performance analysis method. The results show that quantitative methods: Maximum likelihood estimation methods, computer modeling, simulation, auto-regressive moving averages, nonlinear prediction methods, auto-regressive, vector, genetic algorithm and trend analysis and in qualitative methods: Micmac Analysis, Horizon Scanning, participatory future praxis, Cohort-Component Method, Strategic Visioning & Leadership, Wargaming, and Principal Component Analysis are more important. Finally, some suggestions have been made to improve the use of these methods in view of the need to familiarize decision makers in the Joint operation environment.

Adhere to the values Islamic Revolution of Iran so important the balance of national interests and the survival of the Islamic Republic is considerable. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of religious attitudes and islamic lifestyle among high school students in predicting adherence to the values Islamic Revolution of Iran. The research methodology was descriptive and correlational and statistical population of all students studying in the city of Ardabil in the first semester of high school were in the 96-95 school year. Of the 240 male and female students were selected by random cluster sampling and using religious attitude questionnaire, short form Islamic lifestyle questionnaire and self-made questionnaire were evaluated adherence to the values of the Islamic Revolution. the results showed that the Islamic religious attitude and lifestyle with a commitment to the values of the Islamic Revolution there is a significant positive relationship (p

In the futures century, it's impossible to imagine a world without air travel. every day airlines bring millions of passengers and goods between different countries and cities. in this process, the safety of flying airplanes has particular importance. different countries require advanced detection systems to identify their aerospace care for all flight targets. In many countries, the discovery process takes place using a variety of radars, and the identification process is carried out in a number of different ways, mainly by individuals specializing in spatial control centers, the main drawback of the current methods is the probability of occurrence of human decision making errors. therefore, it seems that considering the predictions and the increasing trend of air traffic, it is necessary to design fuzzy decision making and artificial intelligence software systems that can be used as decision makers in decision making in this area. accordingly, in this paper, using existing data as training, testing, validation and training information in the environment of the Tacachi-Sugeno interface fuzzy algorithm in MATLAB software environment, an optimal model for detection and identification processes is presented by the proposed system. the most important result of this study is to improve the detection and proper action of the flight targets by approximately 20%. given that the proposed algorithm has the ability to learn and predict trends due to the use of the knowledge base, it will be wider to apply in future missions.

Intracranial undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma remains a rare pathology within the sarcoma literature that may arise primarily or secondary after radiation therapy. Despite first-line treatment with maximal surgical resection, followed by nonstandardized adjuvant chemotherapy/radiation regimens, clinical prognosis remains exceedingly poor. Furthermore, there is a lack of genetic or molecular characterization to guide potential for targeted therapies. We present genomic analysis of a radiation-induced intracranial undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in an 83-year-old woman with notable KIT and PDGFRA alterations. Further similar genomic studies of intracranial pleomorphic sarcoma are needed to develop better therapies for this rare but challenging disease entity.

The purpose of this study was to prospectively analyse image quality and radiation dose of body mass index (BMI)-adapted low-radiation and low-iodine dose CTA of the thoracoabdominal aorta in obese and non-obese patients. This prospective, single-centre study included patients scheduled for aortic CTA between November 2017 and August 2020 without symptoms of high-grade heart failure. A BMI-adapted protocol was used: Group A/Group B, BMI < 30/≥ 30 kg/m2, tube potential 80/100 kVp, total iodine dose 14.5/17.4 g. Intraindividual comparison with the institutional clinical routine aortic CTA protocol was performed. The final study cohort comprised 161 patients (mean 71.1 ± 9.4 years, 32 women), thereof 126 patients in Group A (mean BMI 25.4 ± 2.8 kg/m2) and 35 patients in Group B (34.0 ± 3.4 kg/m2). Mean attenuation over five aortoiliac measurement positions for Group A/B was 354.9 ± 78.2/262.1 ± 73.0 HU. Mean effective dose for Group A/B was 3.05 ± 0.46/6.02 ± 1.14 mSv. Intraindividual comparison in 50 patients demonstrated effective dose savings for Group A/B of 34.4 ± 14.5/25.4 ± 14.1% (both p < 0.001), and iodine dose savings for Group A/B of 54/44.8%. Regression analysis showed that female sex and increasing age were independently associated with higher vascular attenuation. In conclusion, BMI-adapted, low-radiation and low-iodine dose CTA of the thoracoabdominal aorta delivers diagnostic image quality in non-obese and obese patients without symptoms of high-grade heart failure, with superior image quality in females and the elderly.

What is known today as urban planning is perhaps conceived at a time when urban growth and its associated issues had reached the point of endangering the public interest with an unfair distribution of resources. This situation prompted urban planners to intervene in order to mitigate the conditions, bringing about a relatively balanced status into the need-resource dialectics. public interest is a recurring underlying issue for planning, and hence the need for further investigations.The current research is an attempt to explain realisation mechanisms for the public interest. The adopted approach is qualitative, with document-based methods used for data collection. Examples of the urban revitalisation plan for Medellín city in Columbia, the regeneration of Regent Park district in Toronto, the Zuidas Vision Plan, and the strategic development plan for Sydney—all internationally supported and evidently successful—are studied and analysed. Combining planning theories and content analysis of successful urban development plans, the research results in a public interest realisation mechanism diagram rendering them as processes. The main criteria for this diagram are fair distribution of resources, attention to environmental issues, social inclusion, housing, employment, interests-seeking, power networks, social communications and interactions, prompting social activism, Consciousness, and ethical commitments, norms and values; all illustrated in a network of relations in order to help planners ad planning processes realise the public interest.

Abstract Background To evaluate the benefits of arterial phase imaging and parenchymal blood volume (PBV) maps acquired by C-arm computed tomography during TACE procedure in comparison to cross-sectional imaging (CSI) using CT or MRI. Methods From January 2014 to December 2016, a total of 29 patients with HCC stage A or B (mean age 65 years; range 47 to 81 years, 86% male) were included in this study. These patients were referred to our department for TACE treatment and received peri-interventional C-arm CT. Dual phase findings of each lesion in terms of overall image quality, conspicuity, tumor size and feeding arteries were compared between arterial phase imaging and PBV using 5-point semi-quantitative Likert-scale, whereby pre-interventional CSI served as reference standard. Results A significantly higher overall image quality of the PBV maps compared to arterial phase C-arm CT acquisitions (4.34 (±0.55) vs. 3.93 (±0.59), p = 0.0032) as well as a higher conspicuity of HCC lesions (4.27 ± 0.74 vs. 3.83 ± 1.08, p

Background and Objectives: Most of the children suffering autism have problems in gross motor skills in daily activities. The present research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of aquatic exercises on gross motor skills in a selected group of autistic children, aging 6 to 13 years. Material and Methods: The research was conducted in a quasi-experimental framework with pre- and post-test. Doing so, 14 children with autism were selected among children in Autism Charity Foundation Tehran, Iran) 2014). The subjects were divided into two experimental (8 applicants) and control (6 people) groups after being assessed based on their growth of motor skills through Broninx-Ozeretski test of gross motor skills. Afterwards, experimental group experienced 12 aquatic exercises while control group received no treatment. After that, both groups took the post-test. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the mean score of the experimental and control gropus are not significantly different in pre- and post-test. The results indicated that selected treatments had no significant influence on gross motor skills of autistic children with α=0.05. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that aquatic exercises had no significant influence on gross motor skills, speed, coordination and strength in autistic children.

We demonstrate how to fully ascribe Raman peaks simulated using ab initio molecular dynamics to specific vibrations in the structure at finite temperatures by means of Wannier functions. Here, we adopt our newly introduced method for the simulation of the Raman spectra in which the total polarizability of the system is expressed as a sum over Wannier polarizabilities. The assignment is then based on the calculation of partial Raman activities arising from self- and/or cross-correlations between different types of Wannier functions in the system. Different types of Wannier functions can be distinguished based on their spatial spread. To demonstrate the predictive power of this approach, we applied it to the case of a cyclohexane molecule in the gas phase and were able to fully assign the simulated Raman peaks.