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This paper puts forward some suggestions on the construction of anorectal specialty nursing alliance platform from the aspects of work planning, organizational structure, post responsibilities and work objectives at all levels. The aim of this paper is to promote the sharing of specialized nursing standards and nursing norms within the nursing alliance, jointly improve the quality management of anorectal specialized nursing, improve the clinical research and academic level of specialized nursing, further improve the training of specialized nursing talents, jointly win the social benefits of specialized nursing, establish regional anorectal specialized nursing alliance, and promote the vigorous development of anorectal specialized medical association. (本文总结了肛肠专科护理联盟平台建设与实践的相关经验, 包括工作规划、组织构架、各级岗位职责及工作目标等内容, 为推动护理联盟内专科护理标准及护理规范的共享, 提高肛肠专科护理质量管理, 提升专科护理临床研究与学术水平, 完善专科护理人才培养, 实现专科护理的社会效益提供参考和借鉴。)

Objective To understand the female college students' cognition of breast cancer knowledge, and provide scientific basis for health education in colleges and universities in the future. Methods Based on the existing questionnaire, female college students were taken as the research objects, The questionnaire was distributed randomly and the survey was conducted online. Results Totally 550 questionnaires were distributed and 500 were valid, with effective recovery rate of 90. 91%. There was a relatively low awareness rate of breast cancer knowledge among female college students. Female college students majored in Medical science were more knowledgeable in prevention of breast cancer compared with those who were not majored in Medical science. Conclusion Female college students have a low cognition level of breast cancer, it is necessary for colleges and universities to carry out relevant publicity and education, especially for non-medical professional students and low-grade professional students, to improve the self-health awareness of female college students, actively take correct preventive measures to reduce the incidence of breast cancer (目的 了解在校女大学生对乳腺癌相关知识的认知情况, 以为高校今后开展乳腺癌疾病健康教育提供科学依据。方法 自行设计调查问卷, 通过“问卷网”在线问卷调查平台对多所大学的在校女大学生进行线上问卷调查。结果 共发放问卷550份, 回收有效问卷500份, 有效回收率90. 91%。在校女大学生的乳腺癌相关知识掌握率偏低, 医学专业的女大学生乳腺癌预防相关知识的整体掌握情况优于非医学专业的女大学生。结论 在校女大学生的乳腺癌相关知识掌握情况不容乐观。高校应加强相关宣传教育, 尤其针对非医学专业的女大学生要开展更深入的宣教, 从而提高在校女大学生的自我保健意识, 采取正确的预防措施, 降低乳腺癌的发病率。)

Objective To investigate the effect of peer support nursing on caregiver preparedness for care of low anal fistula in infants. Methods A prospective, randomized, single-blind control study was conducted, and 60 cases of infants with anal fistula were included and randomly divided into two groups. Totally 60 primary caregivers of infants were also included as research subjects. Caregivers of infants in both control group and observation group received routine health education before discharge from hospital, and those in the observation group were given peer support nursing. The caregiver preparedness and anxiety status were evaluated and compared between two groups. Results The total score of Caregiver Preparedness Scale (CPS) in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0. 01). The score of short-form Anxiety Assessment Scale in the observation group was (2. 53±1. 07), which was lower than (5. 00±1. 08)in the control group (P＜0. 01). Conclusion Peer support nursing is potentially effective to improve caregivers preparedness and reduces their degree of anxiety. It has positive significance for promoting postoperative rehabilitation of infant patients with anal fistula. (目的 探讨运用同伴支持式护理干预提升婴儿低位肛瘘照顾者准备度的效果。方法 采用前瞻性、随机、单盲对照研究方法, 纳入60例婴儿低位肛瘘患儿, 术前进行肛肠专科检查及肛管直肠超声检查, 根据随机数字法分为两组。对照组采用常规出院指导, 观察组在对照组基础上采用同伴支持式护理。每位患儿选取1位照顾者参与研究, 共调查60位患儿照顾者。评价2组患儿照顾者准备度和焦虑指标。结果 观察组患儿照顾者的照顾者准备度量表(CPS)总分高于对照组患儿照顾者, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。简易焦虑问卷评价结果显示, 观察组评分(2. 53±1. 07)分, 低于对照组的(5. 00±1. 08)分, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。结论 同伴式支持护理干预能够提高照顾者的准备能力, 减轻焦虑程度, 对促进婴儿低位肛瘘患儿康复具有积极意义。)

Objective To investigate the job burnout of nursing students in the late stage of internship, and provide theoretical basis and guidance for prevention of job burnout among nursing students. Methods A questionnaire survey using Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey(MBI-GS) was conducted to 150 nursing students and 75 nurses. Results A moderate burnout level was found in dimensions of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization among nursing students, and low burnout was found in dimension of personal achievement. Higher score of depersonalization dimension and lower score of personal achievement dimension were reported in nursing students compared with those in nurses, with significant difference (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Targeted interventions should be carried out to relieve the burnout of nursing students and improve the quality of nursing practice. (目的 调查护理实习生在实习后期的工作倦怠程度, 为预防和改善实习生职业倦怠情况提供理论依据和实践指导。方法 对150名实习护理实习生和75名在职护士采用Maslach工作倦怠量表通用版(MBI-GS)进行问卷调查。结果 护理实习生情绪衰竭、去人格化维度处于中等倦怠水平, 个人成就感维度未达到倦怠程度。学历、性别、年龄以及是否独生子女是影响护理实习生职业倦怠水平的因素。护理实习生去人格化得分高于在职护士, 个人成就感得分低于在职护士, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 护理实习生的职业倦怠不容忽视, 应针对性采取措施, 以改善护理实习生实习倦怠状况, 提高护理实习生的临床实习质量。)

Objective To investigate the pregnant women's fear of childbirth and its influencing factors, and analyze the relationship between fear of childbirth and social support. Methods A convenient sample of 101 pregnant women were recruited and investigated by using a self-made general information questionnaire, the Chinese version of Childbirth Attitudes Questionnaire (CAQ) and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS). Results The dimension score of fetal health was higher than other three dimension of CAQ. There was a significant difference in CAQ score between pregnant women with different employment status(P＜0. 01). There was no correlation between social support level and fear of childbirth among pregnant women. Conclusion Findings of the study showed a high awareness of fetal health among pregnant women, and employment status is a potential influencing factor of attitude toward childbirth. Targeted interventions are required to improve the social support of women. (目的 调查孕妇对分娩的恐惧感以及个体因素对其影响程度, 分析孕妇分娩恐惧与社会支持的相关性。方法 采用方便抽样选取住院的101名孕妇为研究对象, 收集孕妇一般资料和产科相关资料, 和使用分娩恐惧量表(CAQ)调查孕妇对分娩的恐惧感, 使用领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)调查孕妇社会支持程度。结果 CAQ量表4个维度中胎儿健康维度得分较高。不同职业的孕妇中文版CAQ总分差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。社会支持与孕妇分娩恐惧之间缺乏相关性。结论 孕妇对胎儿健康的关注度高于其本身, 孕妇的职业状况影响孕妇对分娩的恐惧感。应制定针对性干预措施提升孕妇社会支持。)

Objective To investigate the effect of WeChat platform combined with problem-based learning (PBL) teaching method in standardization training for proctology specialist. Methods Totally 60 medical specialists who required standardization training were randomly divided into two groups, with 30 cases in each group. The observation group adopted wechat platform combined with PBL teaching method, while the control group adopted traditional teaching method. After teaching, the written test, operation skill and clinical competency were evaluated comprehensively. Results Scores of written test and operation skill in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0. 05). All indicators of clinical competence including reasoning ability, information processing capability, interpersonal communication skills and overall coordination ability in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion WeChat platform combined with PBL teaching method in the standardization training can significantly improve the theoretical knowledge mastery and practical operation skills of specialists. The combined teaching method contributes to the establishment of standardized thinking mode in clinical diagnosis and treatment. (目的 探讨微信平台联合以问题为基础的学习(PBL)教学法在肛肠学科规范化培训教学中的应用效果。方法 将60例规范化培训学员随机分为观察组和对照组, 各30例。对照组采用传统教学法, 观察组采用微信平台联合PBL教学法。比较2组培训考核成绩以及临床胜任力。结果 观察组笔试和技能操作成绩均得分均高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。观察组临床推理能力、信息处理能力、人际交流能力、整体协同能力得分均高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 微信平台联合PBL教学法在肛肠学科住院医师规范化培训中应用效果显著, 有助于提高规范化培训医生的理论知识掌握能力和实践操作技术水平, 帮助建立规范的临床诊疗思维模式。)

Objective To investigate the awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge and prevention measures among homosexual men in Beijing. Methods The Blued platform registered users whose place of registration was Beijing were investigated by anonymous questionnaire. Results Of the 600 sending questionnaires, totally 500 questionnaires were retrieved. A low level of awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge was identified among respondents, and there was a significant difference in awareness rate between respondents with different age and education level (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Findings of the survey showed a low level of awareness of AIDS-related knowledge and prevention among homosexual men in Beijing, and awareness of AIDS-related knowledge was influenced by age and education level of. It is required to strength the efforts on publicity and education of AIDS prevention among homosexual men. (目的 调查北京市男同性恋者艾滋病预防相关知识知晓率现状。方法 采用无记名方式通过Blued平台对地理位置显示北京地区的注册用户发放600份问卷。结果 回收有效问卷500份。调查对象问卷总体得分较低, 不同年龄、学历的受访人员知晓率比较, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 北京市男同性恋人群艾滋病预防相关知识的知晓率偏低, 年龄和文化程度影响知晓率。应加强对男同性恋预防艾滋病知识的宣传力度。)