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In accordance with the Concept of Student Sport Development in the Russian Federation until 2025, one of the priority directions is the improvement of scientific and methodological support of the subjects of the student sports system. In the context of scientific and methodological support of student sport it is significant not only to intensify research in this area, but also to match the direction of the research with the key tasks of student sport development. In order to form approaches for the development of the research studies taking into account priority directions of student sports development, the authors have carried out and systematized 8083 papers on student sport and physical education of students. The papers were published in scientific journals and materials of research conferences for the period from 2000 to 2022 and placed in scientific electronic library. Based on the results of the study, the authors identified key trends in the development of scientific research activities in the field of student sports. The authors formed a model of interaction between the department of physical education and other structural units and organizations to expand the directions of scientific research.

ChatGPT was released on November 30, 2022 by OpenAI. After its launch, it started to be used by many users for different fields of interest. Several scientific articles have even been published in which ChatGPT appears as an author because text generated by him was used. The impact it had on technology is enormous and that is why many materials have been published on how to use it in different fields as well as in different usage scenarios.In this material, we carry out an analysis of the materials that were published in three months after the appearance of ChatGPT (December 2022, January 2023 and February 2023). For this synthesis, the materials indexed by Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science were analyzed. Within the analyzed materials, scenarios of using ChatGPT and how to interact with it are identified. We also present the way of involvement or use of ChatGPT in education, science and research and in the final part of the material we present some suggestions for future research that can be carried out with the help of ChatGPT.

ChatGPT was released on November 30, 2022 by OpenAI. After its launch, it started to be used by many users for different fields of interest. Several scientific articles have even been published in which ChatGPT appears as an author because text generated by him was used. The impact it had on technology is enormous and that is why many materials have been published on how to use it in different fields as well as in different usage scenarios.In this material, we carry out an analysis of the materials that were published in three months after the appearance of ChatGPT (December 2022, January 2023 and February 2023). For this synthesis, the materials indexed by Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science were analyzed. Within the analyzed materials, scenarios of using ChatGPT and how to interact with it are identified. We also present the way of involvement or use of ChatGPT in education, science and research and in the final part of the material we present some suggestions for future research that can be carried out with the help of ChatGPT.

After 9/11, the academic study of terrorism flourished as more government resources were focused on counterterrorism efforts. As the focus slowly shifted towards P/CVE or Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism, more and more articles lauded the potential benefits of including Formers. The idea behind that was that experience equals expertise. Formers have been valuable data sources as research participants. However, the current trend has seen Formers leave that role and take on far more complicated and sophisticated roles, such as deradicalization experts, claiming to help people leave extremism. This policy paper focuses on the evidence, specifically the lack of evidence, to support the prevailing assumptions regarding the effectiveness of Formers and dissects the ethical issues arising from their involvement in P/CVE. The paper ends with policy recommendations to shift P/CVE activities and research toward a more empirically-grounded model. Since P/CVE initiatives involve a variety of actors, from academic researchers to the media to practitioners, this paper is not aimed at one field or profession. Rather, it is intended for everyone involved in P/CVE-related activities, including research.

Introduction The outbreak of COVID-19 has produced an unprecedented number of trials and articles.

This study of patent applications and scientific publications related to batteries is unique as it includes the volume of as well as qualitative indicators for both types of publications. Using carefully elaborated strategies to identify publications relating to batteries, this study provides data to discuss the critical balance to strike between investments in research and the more innovation-related aspects. The results show that China’s dominance in publication volumes increases and that research with Chinese involvement is highly cited, whereas patent applications are slightly less valued than the world average. Quality-related indicators for Canada and the United States are very high for both scientific publications and patent applications. National differences in the proportions of patent applications and scientific publications are large, with Japan at one end with three patent applications per scientific paper and Canada at the other with almost seven scientific papers per patent application. On an actor level, data for Sweden indicate how the automotive industry started to file many patent applications in the decade starting in 2010. Finally, it is noted that this new approach to study a technological field appears promising as it gives new perspectives of relevance for policy actors and others.

Background: The ability to publish is a career-critical skill but requires the acquisition of a wide and disparate skill set. The Write a Scientific Paper (WASP) course was created in Malta in 2010, an intensive, three-day event. WASP is an accredited event held in Malta, London, and Bahrain. The COVID pandemic forced WASP to go online. This study compared satisfaction with WASP online as opposed to in-person by analyzing course feedback pre- and post-pandemic. Methods: Google forms are used to collect anonymous feedback on a Likert scale for various aspects of each WASP. The period 2017 to 2022 was used to compare four courses on-site and five courses online. Feedback on: Rate lectures, handouts, WASP overall and how likely are you to recommend WASP was compared. Results: Response rates were >60% and almost all Cronbach's Alpha values were >0.7. High satisfaction scores were achieved in all four questions (>4/5). There were no significant differences except in lectures, which scored well but fared slightly worse overall online. Conclusions: Migrating online does not necessarily lead to change/s in presentation contents but transforms delivery. Our results indicate that WASP is accepted online but the slightly lower lectures score implies that WASP might be better delivered in-person than online. However, students remained happy to recommend WASP and this accords with other studies that overall, student satisfaction with online education is common. It is hoped that as the pandemic recedes, webinars complement and not continue to totally replace traditional in-person meetings.

This paper includes an analysis of academic papers that focus on cultural aspects written by MA students in the ‘Teach & Learn in Spain’ program at Instituto Franklin-UAH. The percentage of academic papers focusing on cultural aspects written by these students who acted as Language Assistants (LAs) in bilingual schools in Spain is quite high. This suggests the importance of the cultural component in the teaching of English as a second language and their high level of sociocultural awareness. Thus, this paper has several objectives: a) to determine the existence of a specific sociocultural awareness in research papers; b) to identify the cultural aspects that were considered essential by the LAs in this program and show the strategies used to provide information; and c) to compare findings considering the theoretical background. The method will rely on a mixt approach considering quantitative and qualitative analyses and will be specific for each of the objectives.

This article deals with formulating a suitable title and an appropriate abstract for an original research paper. The “title” and the “abstract” are the “initial impressions” of a research article, and hence they need to be drafted correctly, accurately, carefully, and meticulously. Often both of these are drafted after the full manuscript is ready. Most readers read only the title and the abstract of a research paper and very few will go on to read the full paper. The title and the abstract are the most important parts of a research paper and should be pleasant to read. The “title” should be descriptive, direct, accurate, appropriate, interesting, concise, precise, unique, and should not be misleading. The “abstract” needs to be simple, specific, clear, unbiased, honest, concise, precise, stand-alone, complete, scholarly, (preferably) structured, and should not be misrepresentative. The abstract should be consistent with the main text of the paper, especially after a revision is made to the paper and should include the key message prominently. It is very important to include the most important words and terms (the “keywords”) in the title and the abstract for appropriate indexing purpose and for retrieval from the search engines and scientific databases. Such keywords should be listed after the abstract. One must adhere to the instructions laid down by the target journal with regard to the style and number of words permitted for the title and the abstract.

Background: Researchers on medical educational technologies use learner's feedbacks containing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to develop content and form of training programs in students' learning as a universally approved concept. Objectives: The objectives were to sensitize the first-year postgraduate residents about the publication of research and collect their immediate reflection. Materials and Methods: Feedback was taken from all the 49 participants at the end of the 2-day in-house workshop on “Making an effective research paper.” The data collection tool was unlinked anonymous containing six open-ended questions for immediate postsession evaluation on their futuristic vision on implementation and was analyzed by the researchers. Results: In response to “Comments regarding the research methodology workshop,” more than half agreed on positive aspects of the workshop on improved cognition with relevant information. Overall, favored “best” sessions were “Reference writing,” “Plagiarism check,” and “Search relevant article and write the Literature review.” Regarding the avenue of improvement of the workshop, they stressed on timing of workshop before the synopsis submission of their academic year, pre distribution of reading material, and shorter lengths of sessions. Conclusions: The feedback permitted the participants to echo their candid feelings to meet their learning objective as they rated the workshop constructively for each prompt with gain in broad-based cognitive domain with hopeful attitude for intended practice in their academic growth.

Electronic waste or e-waste is a serious and concerning issue globally. Exponential increase in the production of these instrument have created a man-made problem of e-waste; United Nations has called it as “tsunami of e-waste.” Informal management and unsafe disposals have compounded the problem further. The hazardous chemicals, metals, and organic pollutants released from e-waste can lead to serious health consequences such as organ damage, genetic defects, neuropsychiatric illness, and cancer. Problem of e-waste is colossal and should be seen as major public health emergency. In India, use of electronic instrument has increased considerably with less focus on formal waste management and safe disposal. This has created a major health hazard. International health agencies, Indian Council of Medical Research, e-waste regulating bodies, academic institutes, and various government and non-government organizations should join hands together to effectively manage the problems of e-waste. Swacch Bharat Abhiyan started by the honorable Prime Minster should consider e-waste as the top most priority in terms of its safe management and disposal.

Background: Authors have to be aware of the ethical stages in writing a scientific paper in order to be cognizant of what is required of them as researchers. The research ethics committee concerns itself with patient protection and therefore looks closely not only at the protocol, but also at the informed consent process and data protection issues. Conversely the publishers has ethical issues of their own relating to their reputation in publishing ethically sound and justified studies. Materials/Methods: The article describes the ethics required of the research by looking at documents and directives which describe the ethical duties of the research, the functions of Research Ethics Committee and Publishing Ethics. Results: The Researcher should be familiar with the informed consent process and data protection for research and the requirements of the research ethics committee. The informed consent process involves discussion of the research, the risks, the requirements from the patient/ participant and issues related with data protection. The second stage is that of the research ethics committee. This committee reviews the proposal and protocol of the research and any updates after the research approval. RECs are much concerned with the informed consent process and what is to be said to patients/participants. Any precautions or arrangement for vulnerable groups should be identified. RECs move according to research ethics guidelines and are objective in their response. The final stage is the ethics of publication. The editor of a journal must ensure that ethics review has been made and ascertain as much as possible any conflicting or competing interests on the part of the researcher/s. The issue of identity of reviewers of the paper is also discussed. Conclusion: The ethics of publication involves various ethical stages, each having their own responsibility towards patients and the scientific community.

Critical thinking skills play a vital role in a knowledge society and have a direct influence on the quality of teaching and learning. We aim at highlighting the way in which the graduation paper in Translation Studies can become an excellent opportunity to encourage students to test the applicability of key concepts from this field and to tackle research systematically. Based on our experience of supervising graduation papers on translation studies-related topics, we have identified students' typical approaches and recurring difficulties. This allows us to suggest possible solutions for the problems encountered, depending on each stage of the process. Our purpose as supervisors is to endow students with the cognitive flexibility they need in order to draw up an adequate research plan, use translation assessment criteria creatively and hone their critical skills for future real-life situations.

Abstract Background Previous research has found that a “web-push” approach to data collection, which involves contacting people by mail to request an Internet survey response while withholding a paper response option until later in the contact process, consistently achieves lower response rates than a “paper-only” approach, whereby all respondents are contacted and requested to respond by mail. Method An experiment was designed, as part of the Millennium Cohort Family Study, to compare response rates, sample representativeness, and cost between a web-push and a paper-only approach; each approach comprised 3 stages of mail contacts. The invited sample (n = 4,935) consisted of spouses married to U.S. Service members, who had been serving in the military between 2 and 5 years as of October, 2011. Results The web-push methodology produced a significantly higher response rate, 32.8% compared to 27.8%. Each of the 3 stages of postal contact significantly contributed to response for both treatments with 87.1% of the web-push responses received over the Internet. The per-respondent cost of the paper-only treatment was almost 40% higher than the web-push treatment group. Analyses revealed no meaningfully significant differences between treatment groups in representation. Conclusion These results provide evidence that a web-push methodology is more effective and less expensive than a paper-only approach among young military spouses, perhaps due to their heavy reliance on the internet, and we suggest that this approach may be more effective with the general population as they become more uniformly internet savvy.

We are happy to present five articles selected from the many presented at OLC Accelerate, held November 19-22, 2019 in Orlando, Florida and OLC Innovate, moved from Chicago to a virtual conference in June 15-26, 2020. We invite the readers to consider presenting their research to OLC conferences in the future.

Various research works and practitioners conclude that media pedagogy should be integrated in teacher education in order to enable future teachers to use media for their lessons effectively and successfully. However, this realization is not necessarily reflected in actual university curricula, as preservice teachers at some places can still finish their studies without ever dealing with media pedagogical issues. To understand, assess and eventually improve the status of media pedagogical teacher education, com- prehensive research is required. Against this background, the following article seeks to present a theory-based and empirical over- view of the status quo of preservice teachers’ pedagogical media competencies focusing Germany and the USA exemplarily. To form a basis, different models of pedagogical media competencies from both countries will be introduced and the extent to which these competencies have become part of teacher education programs and related studies will be summarised. Afterwards, method and selected results of a study will be described where the skills in question were measured with students from both countries, based on a comprehensive model of pedagogical media competencies that connects German and international research in this field. The international comparative perspective will help broaden the viewpoint and understand differences, but also similarities. These data serve to identify different ways of integrating media pedagogy into teacher training and draw conclusions on the con- sequences these processes entail for preservice teachers and their pedagogical media competencies.

"The single biggest threat to man's continued dominance is the virus” This statement was made by Joshua Lederberg in 1958 in the occasion of his Nobel Lecture. This claim cannot be forgotten in this period while we are looking for a reason of hope and this hope, after ensuring adequate sanitary services and responsible behaviour of citizens, can come only from Science. Medical sciences represent undoubtedly the queen disciplines, but many other disciplines can play a very important role. At this particular moment the basic core of knowledge is provided by the group of biosciences such as medicine, virology, biology, biotechnology. It is fundamental to have an intradisciplinary group that speaks the same language at the start of any research activity.

Research with nonhuman primates (NHPs) – monkeys for the most part – has led to critical health advances that have saved or improved millions of human lives. While NHPs account for just one-half of one percent of animals in current medical research, it is no exaggeration to say they are essential to our ability to find cures for cancer, AIDS, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, obesity/diabetes, and dozens of other diseases that cause human suffering and death.

The COVID-19 pandemic emphasized the need to review our requirements for true guidance and reliability from science and individual, professional, and public health ethics. The aim of this study was to determine the ethical and scientific perspectives of doctors about performing research during the COVID-19 pandemic and to assess anxiety levels about this topic within the framework of the literature. Doctors completed a ‘preliminary survey form' containing questions determining sociodemographic data and statements about research and ethics during the pandemic and the ‘state and trait anxiety inventories' in the internet environment. In our study, the alpha value was 0.90 for the state anxiety inventory and 0.70 for the trait anxiety inventory. Of the 398 doctors participating in the study, 45.2% were women and 54.8% were men. Among doctors, 89.7% stated they read articles related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The group of doctors who fully disagreed with the view that it was inappropriate to perform research during the pandemic due to the nature of the disease and transmission risks and who had read more articles than the other groups were found to have statistically significantly higher state anxiety inventory points. The COVID-19 pandemic led to many problems for scientific and ethical concepts. New concerns were added to existing ethical concerns and national and international ethics committees need to work to resolve these concerns. [Med-Science 2022; 11(4.000): 1641-7]

Background: Preventing cancer is better than treating or curing it. Cancer prevention ensures reduced physical, emotional, financial burden to the individual. Methods: The focus of the preventive oncology unit at Healthcare Global (HCG) Enterprise Limited, Bangalore, India, is to increase the understanding of how lifestyle and risk of cancer are related. It also focusses on screening of normal individuals for estimating their risk of developing cancer, which in-turn can lead to earlier detection, improved treatment and outcomes. This unique endeavor started one year back, provides counseling and vaccination services for HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) and HBV (Hepatitis B Virus). Our outreach initiatives in collaboration with the State and City health Departments include screening camps, and awareness sessions focusing on HPV and HBV vaccination. Results: The focus of research is in the areas of cancer epidemiology, prevention, screening, and control. Such research involves a multidisciplinary approach involving the fields of epidemiology, biostatistics, behavioral science, nutrition, and basic science. Conclusion: This novel endeavor at a tertiary cancer hospital in a Developing Country is aimed at preventing the development or progression of the malignant cancer process.

Abstract Objective To determine journal publication rates of scientific papers presented orally at the European Congress of Radiology (ECR) 2010, with comparison of country data to ECR 2000. Methods All oral presentations from ECR 2010 were evaluated for publication between 2010 and 2014 using the MEDLINE database. Countries, collaborations, subspecialties, modalities and study design were ranked by publication percentage. Chi-square tests were used to compare publication percentages for each category of variables. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated for each country relative to the host nation, Austria. ECR 2010 country statistics were compared with analogous data from ECR 2000. Results In total, 360/840 abstracts were subsequently published (43 %). The author’s country of origin (p = 0.02), subspecialty (p = 0.02) and study design (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with subsequent publication. Switzerland, the Netherlands, France and Germany were among the top six countries by publication percentage in 2000 and 2010. In 2010, Switzerland had the highest publication rate (62 %) and HR in comparison to Austria (HR 2.62 [1.31–5.25], p = 0.01). Three Asian nations increased relative publication rates over the 10-year period. Conclusion Several European nations consistently convert relatively high percentages of oral abstracts at ECR into publications, and the influence of Asian countries is increasing. Main Messages • Certain European nations consistently publish high percentages of orally presented abstracts at ECR. • The influence of several Asian countries on ECR is increasing. • Country, subspecialty and study design are significantly associated with journal publication. • Authors collaborating internationally have the highest publication rates and mean impact factors. • Among all modalities, PET-CT, MRI and CT have the highest publication percentages.

"The Tao that can be told is not the eternal Tao. The name that can be named is not the eternal name. The nameless is the beginning of heaven and earth. The named is the mother of ten thousand things. Ever desireless, one can see the mystery. Ever desiring, one can see the manifestations. These two spring from the same source but differ in name; this appears as darkness. Darkness within darkness. The gate to all mystery."–Lao Tsu (B.C. 2500) The above is an English translation of the first verse of the book "Tao Te Ching" by Lao Tsu. A working meaning of the word "Tao" is "way". The technical jargon "multidisciplinary research" or "interdisciplinary research" are research in many named established areas (i.e. chemistry, physics, sociology, mathematics, statistics, theology, philosophy, political science etc.) by an individual or a group of individuals. This type of research has a mysterious common theme that cannot be isolated but is present in the manifestations in various research disciplines. One example of a common theme can be the goal of a new technological innovation. In this article, the problems and solutions of such endeavors are identified by practical analogies of living and nonliving natural phenomena to the above quoted verse by Lao Tsu.

Abstract not available.

This article examines the process of including people deemed to have intellectual disabilities in the dissemination of knowledge through academic journals. It takes a self-ethnographic look at the experience of two researchers co-writing a scientific paper with two individuals deemed to have intellectual disabilities. After presenting current knowledge on research participation with a focus on issues of knowledge and power-sharing with people deemed to have intellectual disabilities, the authors explore the stages of writing, dissemination, and authorship in inclusive research practices.

The best papers provide evidence that can be used to make changes that improve the health and lives of people around the world.

In brief: The short research paper is ubiquitous in undergraduate liberal arts education. But is this assignment type an effective way to assess student learning or writing skills? We argue that it rarely is, and instead serves as an artifact maintained out of instructor familiarity with and unnecessary allegiance to timeworn conceptions of “academia.” As […]

Abstract Objectives To elucidate the research training exposure of radiology residents across ESR country members. Methods A 30-question survey was constructed by the Radiology Trainee Forum and was distributed among residents and subspecialty fellows of countries members of the ESR. The survey examined the training environment, the status of research training and publications among trainees, the conditions under which research was conducted, and the exposure to activities such as grant proposal preparation and manuscript reviewing. Descriptive statistics and the chi-square test were used to assess the responses to survey questions and evaluate factors related to these responses. Results A total of 159 participants from 29 countries provided fully completed questionnaires. Only 12/159 trainees already had a PhD degree and nearly half had never published a PubMed-indexed manuscript (76/159, 47.8%). Among those who published their papers during radiology training, most did so in the first or second year of residency (n = 26 and n = 20 participants, respectively). Most participants (79%) did not receive further statistical training during residency, fifty-five out of 159 (34.59%) respondents never had any guidance/training on how to read a paper and 58 out of 159 (36.48%) had never been encouraged to participate in any research. Most of them had worked after hours to carry out research at least a few times (47/159, 29.56%) or always (82/159, 51.57%). Conclusion Analysis of research training among radiology trainees was performed. Areas for improvement were identified that can prompt changes in training curricula to prepare a highly competent European workforce. Critical relevance statement This survey has identified deficits in research training of radiology residents across countries members of ESR, pinpointing areas for improvement to fortify the future of radiology in Europe. Key Points Research exposure and training of radiology residents varies across countries and members of ESR. Radiology residents largely lack systematic research training, dedicated research time, and guidance. Areas for improvement in research training of radiology residents have been identified, aiding the fortification of radiology research across Europe. Graphical Abstract

Introduction: The introduction of emergency nursing in Africa has resulted in the establishment of several training schools across the continent. This has translated into a growing body of emergency care research being carried out by nurses; however, the breadth and extent of evidence remains unclear. The aim of the review was to map and collate the available literature on emergency nursing research in WHO Afro-region states. Methods: The review adopted the methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping reviews. The review protocol was registered on 27 June 2022 (osf.io/5wz3x). The Population (nurse), Concept (emergency nursing research), Context (WHO Afro-region) (PCC) elements guided the development of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Papers were searched across seven electronic data bases and two search engines using a three-search strategy. The screening was performed initially on the abstract and title and lastly on full text. The reporting for the review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Results: One hundred and thirteen papers were included in the review. Publication of emergency nursing research occurred from 2000 to 2022. The year 2017 and 2019 recorded the highest number of publications (n = 14). The country with the most publications was South Africa (n=50). Emergency nursing research used predominantly quantitative methodologies (n=58). The professional groups involved in research were nurses (n=69) as well as nurses and doctors (n=26). The identified papers focused primarily on emergency nursing education (n=23) and epidemiology (n=24). Conclusion: There is a notable increase in the number of publications on emergency nursing research in WHO Afro-region states, however from only 11 countries. Since most of the research is still at descriptive level, there is need to encourage emergency nursing research on interventions and measuring outcomes and impact in the emergency care system.

Peer review is the evaluation of scientific, academic, or professional work by experts in the field. This process starts when the editor of a peer-reviewed journal sends an article or a manuscript to two or more reviewers for review. They convey their suggestions to the editor. If the reviews are positive, the editor requests the authors to revise and resubmit the manuscript. The corresponding author provides a point-wise explanation of the various queries raised by the reviewers and resubmits the paper. The editor may send the paper for re-review, following which the editor makes the final decision. If accepted, the author is informed, and the paper is published. The peer review process has many variations such as blinded review (single or double blind), open review, and collaborative review. Each variant has its pros and cons. Peer review, when done before publication in a journal, has the advantage of producing papers that have undergone thorough scrutiny of their research question, methodology, and outcomes. Although this process may take more time compared to other methods, it has stood the test of time as a key quality control mechanism in scientific publishing. The reviewer should be unbiased and professional in his/her conduct and provide constructive feedback to improve the research paper. Several journals provide a checklist for peer reviewers, which facilitates a detailed review. Peer reviewing is a skill that improves the quality of publication at the level of an individual manuscript and benefits the scientific community at large.

In a world where every individual strives to showcase his originality, peculiarities and traits that make him different from others through all possible means, whether we are talking about the style of clothing, the image on social media, hobbies, the language used, or the works read or created, this paper aims to discover how originality manifests in scientific works and what steps to follow in order to create the academic puzzle called a doctoral thesis, considering the pieces that don't seem to fit together, despite having multiple similar aspects: originality, plagiarism and similarity. These three concepts are of particular importance in the academic world, sparking intense discussions and within civil society in recent times, with profound implications for the integrity of research and the genuine understanding of individual academic contributions. In today’s information age, where access to resources and technologies is readily available to all, originality seems to constantly dilute, while the phenomenon of plagiarism is on the rise, becoming increasingly prominent and complex, diminishing trust in research studies and the work done. In the context in which doctoral theses should represent significant contributions to human knowledge, we aim that from this paper to clearly result the meaning and purpose of the three terms within the work intended to form the basis for awarding the doctoral title to its author .

Samah Tawil,1,2 Shafiul Haque,1,3,4 Pascale Salameh1,2,5 1Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon; 2Institut National de Santé Publique d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon; 3Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia; 4Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, 13306, United Arab Emirates; 5Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, 2417, CyprusCorrespondence: Samah Tawil, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon, Tel +9619547254, ext. 3466, Fax +9611867098, Email samah.tawil@lau.edu.lbAbstract: Increases in mental health problems have been observed during COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this topic of research became a priority, especially at the academic level. The objectives of this review were to summarize academic contribution to mental health research during the era of COVID-19. A scoping review of studies conducted at different academic institutions and examining alterations in mental health during the pandemic during the last three years was conducted. Fifty-five studies were included. These focused on different mental health changes that occurred in the era of COVID-19 such as changes in work habits or existing psychological conditions, COVID-19-related fear depression, anxiety and stress. Most of the included studies were observational (76.7%). The majority of the publications were published in Scimago Journal Rank Q1 journals (57.1%). The average number of citations per publication was 15.3 ± 30.13 [0– 125]. The number of citations was higher in papers with international collaboration of authors (p = 0.031). Publications with COVID-19 as a main objective were more cited than papers not directly related to this subject (25.9 ± 39.45 vs 4.14 ± 3.2; p = 0.044). Mental health problems are a common response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The contribution of academic universities to different mental health research studies that took place during COVID-19 outbreak have underlined this reality. However, more representative research from other institutional settings will be needed, particularly in vulnerable populations.Keywords: mental, health, research, contribution, evaluation, COVID-19

BackgroundBone metastases of lung cancer (BMLC) severely diminish patients’ quality of life due to bone-related events, and the lack of clear guidelines globally regarding medical and surgical treatment significantly reduces patient survival. While knowledge about BMLC has grown exponentially over the past two decades, a comprehensive and objective bibliometric analysis remains absent.MethodsA comprehensive bibliometric analysis was conducted on relevant literature on BMLC extracted from the Web of Science database from 2004 to 2023 by Biblioshiny, VOSviewer, Scimago Graphica, CiteSpace, and Microsoft Office Excel Professional Plus 2016 software. 936 papers related to BMLC were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The number of publications, countries, institutions, global collaborations, authors, journals, keywords, thematic trends, and cited references were then visualized. Finally, the research status and development direction in the last 20 years were analyzed.ResultsThis study included a total of 936 papers on BMLC from 2004 to 2023. There has been a steady increase in global publications each year, peaking in 2021. China had the highest number of publications, followed by Japan and the United States. Additionally, China had the most citations with an H-index of 35, while the US followed with an H-index of 34, highlighting their significant contributions to the field. “Frontiers in Oncology” had the highest number of publications. CiteSpace analysis identified “lung cancer,” “bone metastasis,” and “survival” as the top high-frequency keywords, encapsulating the core research focus. Keyword clustering analysis revealed six main clusters representing the primary research directions. Burst analysis of keywords showed that “skeletal complications” had the highest burst intensity from 2005 to 2013, while recent research trends include “immunotherapy” and “denosumab,” with bursts from 2021 to 2023. Trend topic analysis indicated that “non-small cell lung cancer,” “immunotherapy,” and “immune checkpoint inhibitors” represent the cutting-edge research directions in this field.ConclusionThis article reveals the current status and trend of research on BMLC, which is increasing worldwide. China and the United States have contributed the most, but international cooperative research on BMLC should be strengthened. The pathogenesis, early prevention, and individualized treatment of BMLC need to be strengthened for further study, and immunotherapy is the next hotspot of lung cancer bone metastasis research.

Introduction. The research article in English has recently been under scrutiny by theoretical and applied linguists. The understanding of research article is heterogeneous: it can be defined as a scientific manuscript, an independent text type or a separate genre. In Russian academic discourse the concept of the research article usually implies a scientific publication with the definite word count which is less than a monograph. However, this broad definition comprises a variety of heterogeneous genres. The English academic discourse, on the contrary, specifies research genres manifested in Research, Review, Editorial, Commentary, Clinical Case Report and other text names. Additionally, these research genres can vary according to the scientific discipline. The objective of this paper is to identify and classify academic research genres in medical discourse.Methodology and sources. The research corpus was collected from the original highimpact open-access medical journals, i.e., Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine, British Medical Journal, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Journal of Clinical Investigation, Brain, Pediatrics, Diabetes, Heart, Journal of Neuroscience. The research procedure involved contextual, semantic and comparative analysis of the journal requirements on the article type and content presented in typical sections About the Journal, Authors Guidelines and Table of Contents.Results and discussion. The analysis has led to the development of differential parameters for further research genres classification. The findings have shown that a variety of research papers under different names can be classified as a system of research genres in the academic discourse represented by medical research publications. We have also found distinct correlations between medical journal requirements and linguistic characteristics of medical research genres.Conclusion. The academic medical discourse functions in a wide spectrum of article types, which can be classified as medical research genres according to discourse parameters.

Publishing in quality academic journals is challenging. Authors who want to improve their chances of publishing in management and allied business and social science journals can save themselves much time and frustration by ensuring that manuscripts are consistent with the journal’s aims and scope and what the field requires in terms of addressing unanswered research questions or improvements to current theory and evidence. It is well-understood if a manuscript lacks theoretical grounding or makes significant methodological or research design mistakes, it will likely be rejected. Researchers in the social sciences are typically well-trained in methods, statistical analysis, and research design. But many scholars have much less training on the situating, motivating, and organizing of manuscripts, particularly in the all-important introduction of the paper. Oftentimes, an author may face rejection of his or her manuscript not because of bad data or methods, but because of major framing and organizational issues with the paper, as well as a lack of clear contributions. These problems are addressed within the context of writing a clear research question and introduction section, which form the basis for the overall organization of the paper. Numerous helpful sources are also provided.

There are many indications that various aspects and factors of large-scale war victimization could be made visible through the collection and analyses of data on organized crime in post-conflict societies. War victimisation could be understood as an outcome of opportunistic criminal activity: war conditions offer the unique opportunity to criminals and criminal groups (especially those involved in military or paramilitary formations) not only to restrain their destructive personal potentials but also to attain a new identity as ’national heroes’ and gain a significantly better economic position as advantageous ’investments’ to post-war criminal business. Crimes in war as well as war crimes, often perceived as basically launched by nationalistic (‘blood and belonging’) ideology, could be examined from a broader hypothetical framework: nationalist ideologies should be considered not only as drives but also as means. By identifying themselves primarily as members of a specific nation who ’defend’ (or victimize) a specific ethnic group, criminals of war provide not only the legitimization of crimes against other nations/ethnic groups but also of crimes against (primarily political) opponents within their ethnic group. The main aim of this paper is to argue for research on the continuity of organised criminal activities before, during and after ethnic conflicts in the Former Yugoslavia. This kind of research is argued to be a promising tool for the assessment of links between war and organized crime victimization as a way of getting a more comprehensive picture of the recent past. Research findings may further be used as the basis for creating comprehensive regional security strategies. Moreover, although the focus of this paper is on organised crime committed during the wars on the territory of the former Yugoslavia, its analyses and conclusions may be applicable to other similar contexts, including contemporary armed conflicts in different parts of the world.

Introduction: The remarkable advances in molecular science and technology have dramatically changed the landscape of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA). With the rapid pace of new gene editing technologies like Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9), human disease models can be created to reduce the burden of morbidity and mortality caused by genetic defects and congenital malformations. However, despite its potential to advance human health and well-being, the use of CRISPR-Cas9 technology raises numerous ethical concerns, including the lack of a well-defined regulatory framework. Aim: To outline the ethical concerns that arise in the creation of human disease models using CRISPR-Cas9 technology and to design a conceptual framework to identify the ethical challenges and address these concerns. Materials and Methods: The data on ethical issues in the use of CRISPR-Cas9 in the creation of human disease models were obtained by reviewing 530 articles retrieved from scientific databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Excerpte Medica dataBASE (EMBASE) from the year 2015. Based on the eligibility criteria, 24 publications from 56 full-text articles that were screened were included in this study. The selection process was conducted in three phases-screening of the title, abstract, and full text. The articles selected after full-text screening were analysed, and the data was scrutinised independently. Tables, charts, figures, and graphs were used to organise and illustrate the obtained data. The entire paper was drafted using the Preferred Repoting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping review reporting criteria. Results: The present study included 24 articles for review after the screening process. The articles emphasised the bioethical issues related to CRISPR-Cas9 technology and gene editing while also shedding light on the current level of research in the field. The studies included different countries, with the maximum number of papers from the United States of America (USA), followed by the United Kingdom (UK), China, Turkey, Spain, Canada, Pakistan, Australia, Italy, France, Korea, and Sri Lanka. These articles were published between 2015 and 2021. The disease for which models were created was not mentioned in the majority of articles, while a few investigated the application of CRISPR-Cas9 in genetic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and eye disorders. The major ethical concerns identified included safety, efficacy, unintended consequences, harm to the environment, off-target effects, obtaining informed consent, and the risk of misuse. Conclusion: The use of CRISPR-Cas9 technology in creating human disease models has raised many ethical concerns. One of the primary ethical issues is the potential for unintended consequences, which could have serious long-term effects on individuals and their offspring. To address these ethical issues, it is important to develop ethical guidelines and best practices, as well as to support ongoing research to investigate the longterm effects of gene modifications.

Abstract In Laos, rates of undernutrition, especially among children under 5 years of age, remain high. In response, a large multidisciplinary team embarked on a multi-year project in Laos beginning in 2019 with the purpose of institutional strengthening around public health nutrition research. This paper summarizes the Applied Nutrition Research Capacity Building project’s activities, immediate project results, and prospects for sustaining impacts into the future. Eight primary activities were undertaken, including back-office strengthening, mentored research, and curriculum review and development. Requested training and skill development in areas related to public health nutrition, anthropometry, and research methods reached more than 1000 professionals. The first edition of a Lao-English Nutrition Glossary was produced, as was the country’s first National Nutrition Research Agenda, a document which sets locally-identified priorities for future research. Project success was achieved by focusing on the priorities of project partners and the Lao government, as articulated in the Lao National Nutrition Strategy and Action Plan. Project design elements that could guide similar efforts undertaken elsewhere include multi-year engagement, an emphasis on sustained peer mentorship, and the use of an extended period of pre-planning in collaboration with project stakeholders prior to the start of activities.

This paper presents the findings from a research project to analyse 30 years of the Research in Learning Technology journal (1993 to 2022). The analysis explores the content of the articles in terms of key topics and their relationship with sector events and policies, discussing key terms such as virtual learning environment, massive open online courses (MOOCs) and virtual reality (VR). It also considers how the terminology used to describe the field has changed over time, starting with a focus on the computer and expanding to include a range of common terms such as e-learning, technology enhanced learning (TEL) and digital. Between 1993 and 2015, issues of the journal were accompanied by editorials. This analysis considers how the role of the editorials helped to shape and establish the journal and influence the field of learning technology to take a more research and theory-based approach. Finally, an analysis of the locations of the authors who have published in the journal has demonstrated a shift from a predominantly UK-based journal to one with more international reach.

While artificial intelligence has successful and innovative applications in common medicine, could its application facilitate research on rare diseases? This study explores the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in orphan drug research, focusing on how AI can address three major barriers: high financial risk, development complexity, and low trialability. This paper begins with an overview of orphan drug development and AI applications, defining key concepts and providing a background on the regulatory framework of and AI’s role in medical research. Next, it examines how AI can lower financial risks by streamlining drug discovery and development processes, analyzing complex data, and predicting outcomes to improve our understanding of rare diseases. This study then explores how AI can enhance clinical trials through simulations and virtual trials, compensating for the limited patient populations available for rare disease research. Finally, it discusses the broader implications of integrating AI in orphan drug development, emphasizing the potential for AI to accelerate drug discovery and improve treatment success rates, and highlights the need for ongoing innovation and regulatory support to maximize the benefits of AI-driven research in healthcare. Based on those results, we discuss the implications for traditional and AI-powered business in the drug industry.

OBJECTIVE: This paper presents an overview of 50 years of research on psychosocial working conditions and health with regards to conceptualization, interventions and policy. We reflect on the promise of past and current research on psychosocial working conditions and, in addition, discuss current progress in translating this research into workplace practice and improvements in people’s working lives. METHODS: We conducted a narrative review of meta-reviews and key publications on psychosocial working conditions and health. The review covers a historical overview of theories of the past 50 years, measurement of psychosocial working conditions, health effects, intervention research, and policy development on psychosocial working conditions. RESULTS: Psychosocial working conditions are conceptualized in different ways, with increasing complexity in the understanding developing over time. Exposures related to psychosocial working conditions are associated with a wide range of health outcomes, in particular cardiovascular disease and mental health conditions. In response to growing evidence on associations between psychosocial working conditions and health outcomes, intervention research has expanded rapidly, but for various reasons the evidence base is stronger and more extensive for individual- than organizational-level interventions. This individual/organizational imbalance is reflected in practice, and may partly explain why policy interventions have yet to show reductions in exposures to psychosocial work factors and associated adverse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Pressing needs for advancing the field include improvements in capturing exposure dynamics, developing objective measures of exposure, methodologic advancements to optimize causal inference in etiologic studies, and alternatives to randomized controlled trials for intervention evaluation.

The aim of the article is to analyse trends in the field of digital management of graphic archives in the context of the rapidly changing information environment, to consider issues of data security and accessibility. To raise the issue of popularising the study of the bookplate as an independent genre in the fine arts and as a historical document that attests to the era, events and people. The history of ex-libris goes back to ancient times, with the appearance of the text and its first owner. This history is multifaceted, diverse and touches on various aspects of the worldwide development of human culture. The development of bookplate collecting and the study of bookplates dates back to the Middle Ages, from which time we can trace the history of the transformation of the bookplate from a bookmark with a protective function to an independent art object and collector’s item. This paper examines several modern methods of organising and preserving an ex-libris collection, providing an overview of the key technologies involved in these processes, drawing on contemporary and historical research. The research results are primarily intended for use in the collections of the Pushkin Museum in Chișinău and are based on the largest ex-libris collection in the country, which includes over 15,000 items. The collection needs to be described, systematised and assigned in order to prepare it for further research and exhibitions.

In this paper we tried to analyze the aspects found in the specialized literature and the main objective was to identify the level of institutionalization of ethics within the central public administration in Romania. Using the questionnaire, I was able to analyze structured data resulting from the information obtained from the people employed in the central public administration. The result that emerges from the analysis is the following: at the level of the central public organization, the institutionalization of ethics is in an open process of transition that targets both the individual and the organizational level.

Universities play a crucial role in scientific research by promoting innovation, advancing knowledge, and nurturing future scientific experts and performers. The activities conducted within universities cover a wide spectrum, but strategies prioritize key elements. Crafting these strategies is particularly complex in this field, requiring the involvement of a large number of stakeholders, among which academic and research staff stand out in importance. The paper presents the perceptions of academic staff at the "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Iași (UMF Iași) regarding the main axes of university strategy development. Essential aspects are addressed, such as the weighting of academic activities, funding procedures, and incentives provided to encourage and support scientific research activities, the objectives of scientific research strategy, and how research activities are integrated into the university's strategy.

This study reviewed clinical papers reported on hemifacial spasm (HFS). Six online databases were searched for clinical papers published between January 2000 and December 2022. This study reviewed 14 studies, including 13 case reports and 1 combination of case reports and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The most frequently used acupoints were ST7 and TE17, and the stomach meridian was the most frequently selected. Herbal medicine, pharmacopuncture, thread embedding acupuncture, cupping, moxibustion, and physical therapy were combined with acupuncture. The most frequently used evaluation method is Scott’s scale. Out of 95 cases, 82 reported improved HFS symptoms after treatment. Our findings indicated the effectiveness of Korean Medicine treatment in treating HFS. However, evidence of efficacy and safety remains insufficient. Large-scale and well-designed investigations will be required in the future to corroborate these results. We believe that this paper will serve as the foundation for future RCTs.

Wearable technologies have become increasingly popular in recent years, as athletes and coaches look for ways to gain a competitive edge. These devices can track a variety of metrics, including heart rate, sleep quality, and movement patterns. This information can be used to identify areas for improvement and make small, incremental changes that can lead to significant gains in performance. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide an integrative overview of the literature on the impact of wearable technologies on marginal gains in sports performance. The literature review was conducted using the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases, and a total of 55 papers were considered eligible. The results of the literature overview suggest that wearable devices can be classified into three main categories. (1) Location-based wearables (LBW) track an athlete’s location and movement, which can be used to analyze training patterns and identify potential injury risks. (2) Biometric wearables (BMW) track physiological data such as heart rate, sleep quality, and body temperature; these data can be used to monitor an athlete’s fitness levels and identify signs of overtraining. (3) Performance wearables (PMW) track performance metrics such as power output, speed, and distance; this information can be used to optimize training programs and track progress over time. For each category, this paper provides the five most important data points measured by each suggested device. Additionally, sport-specific examples are provided for each category based on the literature data. The limitations of wearable devices, such as accuracy, validity, reliability, interpretability, and cost, are also discussed. However, despite these limitations, the results of the literature review suggest that wearable technologies can be a valuable tool for athletes and coaches who are looking to improve performance. Ultimately, this technological evolution in sports science is likely to dramatically change the state of the art in athletic monitoring and sports analytics.

Background: The High Institute of Public Health (HIPH), as a post-graduate academic institute, was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in several aspects. This paper describes the effect of COVID-19 on the three main domains of HIPH: research, education, and community services. Documenting the activities and practices of the HIPH during the pandemic reflects the degree of resilience and preparedness against possible future global emergencies. Despite its importance for policymakers, such data is lacking from similar institutes in the Middle East, including Egypt. Methods: An extensive search in four popular scientific databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Scival) was conducted to extract publications by authors affiliated with the HIPH using relevant keywords. Records were reviewed to collect data on the educational process as well as data on community services (convoys, campaigns, seminars, and workshops held by HIPH staff). All the mentioned activities were described, analyzed and compared before and during the pandemic to study the impact of the pandemic on the HIPH, as an example of a postgraduate institute. Results: The total numbers of COVID-19-related publications in Scopus by authors affiliated with the HIPH were 115 publications, the majority of which were research articles in the ‘Medicine’ and ‘Immunology and Microbiology’ domains. Most of them focused on assessing the relationship between the pandemic and quality of life, and prevention and treatment of COVID-19 (22.2% each). Publications on COVID-19 by HIPH researchers during the pandemic constituted 33.1% (115 publications) of the total publications by Alexandria University. Among the top ten authors on COVID-19 at Alexandria University, four were HIPH affiliated. The year 2022 witnessed the most frequent publications on COVID-19 by HIPH (51/115 publications, 44.3% of all COVID-19 publications by the HIPH on Scopus). All program courses were taught online during the year 2019–2020 (343 courses). HIPH provided several community services during the pandemic, which included 16 convoys in the poorer areas of Alexandria that served more than 1250 beneficiaries. Their goals were raising health awareness on COVID-19 vaccination, health education, and environmental assessment. Implications for Policy & Practice: This paper is the first of its kind by members of the High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University. It provides baseline data for future similar work and is a documentation of the compilation of efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic that gives baseline data for public health assessment and planning by policy makers.

The article is devoted to the hundredth issue of scientific papers collection «Book. Research and Materials». The subjects, scientific level, novelty, importance to science of published materials on bibliology, book history are analyzed. The authors, their contribution to the edition, main directions of research and publications are disclosed and evaluated.

Abstract Introduction Patient and public involvement (PPI) in research emphasizes the importance of doing research with, rather than for people with lived health/illness experience(s). The purpose of this scoping review is to investigate the breadth and depth of scientific literature on PPI in cancer research and to identify how is PPI applied and reported in cancer research. Methods We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycInfo up to March 2022. All titles/abstracts and full‐text results were screened by two reviewers. Data were analyzed and are presented in both narrative and tabular format. Results We screened 22,009 titles/abstract, reviewed 375 full‐text articles, of which 101 studies were included in this review. 66 papers applied PPI; 35 used co‐design methodologies. PPI in cancer research in published research has increased steadily since 2015 and often includes those with a past diagnosis of cancer or relatives/informal caregivers. The most common applied methods were workshops or interviews. PPI was generally used at the level of consultation/advisor and occurred mainly in early stages of research. Costs related to PPI were mentioned in 25 papers and four papers described training provided for PPI. Conclusions Results of our review demonstrate the nature and extent of PPI expansion in cancer research. Researchers and research organizations entering the fray of PPI should consider planning and reporting elements such as the stage, level, and role type of PPI, as well as methods and strategies put in place to assure diversity. Furthermore, a thorough evaluation of whether all these elements meet the stated PPI purpose will help to grasp its impact on research outcomes. Patient or Public Contribution Two patients participated in the stakeholder consultation as part of the scoping review methodology, contributed to the discussion on refining the results, and critically reviewed the manuscript. Both are co‐authors of this manuscript.

Abstract Aim To explore and summarise published literature with regards to secondments to clinical research and to identify the gaps in research to inform further work. Design Systematic scoping review. Method A scoping review was undertaken in accordance with the Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence and Research framework. Databases searched included CINAHL, PubMed, Medline and Embase. Inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied by two independent reviewers. Two reviewers independently retrieved full‐text studies for inclusion and applied the framework as a tool for synthesising Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence and Research recommendations. Results Six papers and one abstract published between 2003 and 2018 were included. All secondees (n = 34) were released from NHS posts, with secondments (where specified) ranging in duration from 0.25 to 2 years and for 40%–100% of their working hours. All seven papers reported benefits for personal and professional development, predominantly in the form of personal reflections. Few described involvement with research delivery teams. Conclusion Published initiatives vary in nature and lack standardised reporting and measurement of impact. Further research is required to identify benefits at a departmental or organisational level, the facilitators for setting up secondments and the application of knowledge gained from secondment opportunities. Implications for the Profession Undertaking a research secondment is reported to offer professional and personal benefit for clinical staff. Research secondments are one way in which a research culture can practically be embedded within clinical settings. Impact This scoping review identified a lack of published empirical research seeking to understand research secondments as a tool to enhance research and evidence engagement. Although there is a suggestion that secondments could positively impact staff retention, there is limited evidence about the benefit for the organisation or for patient care. These findings have implications for staff, managers and their organisations. Reporting Method The PRISMA‐ScR guidelines were used to guide reporting. No Patient or Public Contribution This was not relevant to the research design.

“Chat GPT” (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is an Artificial Intelligence (AI) based conversational LLM (Large Language Model), launched in November 2022, developed by Open AI (Open AI, LLC, San Francisco, CA, USA). Chat GPT etymology is related to being a CHATBOT (a program able to understand and generate responses using a text-based interface) based on the generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) architecture.1 The AI chatbots and Chat GPT are sophisticated and can respond to multiple languages.2 Globally, ChatGPT is the fastest-growing application used in internet history, with nearly 100 million users as of January 2023, and currently has roughly 1.8 billion website visitors per month.3 ChatGPT can improve the healthcare system and enhance healthcare outcomes by assisting with clinical decision support and relevant clinical guidelines.4,5 ChatGPT can be valuable for streamlining the workflow and refining personalized medicine in healthcare practice.6 It can play an essential role in medical education by providing updates on new developments in different medical fields and a tool of assessment to assess the clinical skills of medical students.7 AI chatbot can be a search engine that helps write research papers. It can be used as an intermediary in a cognition session, assisting in topic selection and reducing the time the authors spend searching for articles.8 Identifying the boundaries of ChatGPT and their significant limitations, many challenges arise for research purposes.9 Inaccuracies, transparency, and biases are issues that need to be addressed when using AI-generated text. The unethical utilization of AI technology may extend to fabricating images, which constitutes scientific misconduct.10 An issue raised by the international press recently, ChatGPT has been listed as a co-author on several papers already. Should co-authorship be assigned to ChatGPT if it drafts large parts of the research paper?11 “WAME Recommendations on ChatGPT and Chatbots with Scholarly Publications” revised and followed the proliferation of chatbots and their expanding use in scholarly publishing and emerging concerns regarding the lack of authenticity of content when using chatbots. They aim to help authors and reviewers understand how best to attribute the use of chatbots in their work and to address the need for all journal editors to have access to manuscript screening tools. According to The WAME Principal recommendation, only humans can be authors; Chatbots cannot serve as authors.12 Human authors should take full responsibility for academic work and use ChatGPT applications within acceptable standards with transparent disclosure.13 These recommendations emphasize the importance of manuscript screening tools to detect AI, guide editors on using chatbots in papers published in their journals, and assist authors and reviewers in properly attributing chatbots to their work. Embracing the potential of ChatGPT while remaining vigilant against potential pitfalls, we must collectively ensure that the synergy between human ingenuity and AI contributes positively to advancing health research. With an unwavering commitment to ethical practices and transparent communication, we embark on a journey where technology and academia converge, fostering a new era of scholarly excellence.