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The use of traditional biocidal products in cultural heritage has suffered a slowdown due to the risks related to human health and the environment. Thus, many studies have been carried out with the aim of testing innovative and environmentally friendly alternatives. In this framework, this review attempts to provide an overview of some novel potential products with biocidal action, tested to counteract the process of degradation of paper and stone materials due to microbial activity, keeping in mind the sustainability criteria. In particular, we have focused our attention on the testing of nanotechnologies, essential oils, DES (deep eutectic solvents) with low toxicity, and colloidal substances for conservation purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Architectural structures that are the product of different cultures in Mardin, present very rich images in terms of architectural form, construction technique and ornamentation. These values, shaped by geography as well as cultural richness and diversity, are the works that shape the city identity unique to Mardin. One of them is Mor Efrem Monastery, which is one of the most important of the Mardin monasteries. As Mor Efrem Monastery is a cultural and religious work, it is important to consider it as a humanitarian duty to keep it alive and move it to the next times. With this study, it is aimed to transfer the structure to the next times. In the archive records scan of Mor Efrem Monastery, no information or document was found that the restoration project was drawn. Within the scope of this study, the architectural features were examined and the deteriorations in the building were specified, the stages of the restoration work in which traditional construction techniques and consolidation methods were applied will be explained. The building will be strengthened structurally, and the structural elements with wear and deterioration will be repaired by adhering to the original condition. The basis of interventions in restoration; Cleaning, rehabilitating and reintegration works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural heritage buildings of stone construction require careful restorative actions to maintain them as close to the original condition as possible. This includes consolidation and cleaning of the structure. Traditional consolidants may have poor performance due to structural drawbacks such as low adhesion, poor penetration and flexibility. The requirement for organic consolidants to be dissolved in volatile organic compounds may pose environmental and human health risks. Traditional conservation treatments can be replaced by more environmentally acceptable, biologically-based, measures, including bioconsolidation using whole bacterial cells or cell biomolecules; the latter include plant or microbial biopolymers and bacterial cell walls. Biocleaning can employ microorganisms or their extracted enzymes to remove inorganic and organic surface deposits such as sulfate crusts, animal glues, biofilms and felt tip marker graffiti. This review seeks to provide updated information on the innovative bioconservation treatments that have been or are being developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Staleta Praha is the property of Narodni Pamatkovy Ustav and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Deterioration of ancient masonry is a contemporary problem. The initial properties of the masonry material that determine its durability, deterioration and degree of preservation have led to the appearance of different approaches towards choosing the technology for restoring masonry. The success of any restoration is largely determined by its compatibility with the original materials used, which requires, as a rule, a complex and long process of selecting their composition. One of the main technological approaches in the science of restoration materials is to search for the optimal composition of the material within a given time limit. This paper presents an approach which uses a large number of variables within strict boundary conditions. The solution to this problem can be found in the field of mathematical modelling using experiment planning methods. The paper presents a method developed for mortar optimization which makes it possible to obtain the desired result within a relatively short period of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Loggia, Arquitectura & Restauración is the property of Universidad Politecnica de Valencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Brown staining on both pristine and painted sandstone surfaces is a regular problem reported from new building construction and restoration actions. During the recent restoration of the Großer Wendelstein, an impressive airy stone staircase in the castle Hartenfels in Torgau, Germany, extensive brown staining appeared in distinctive places. Due to the fact that such an incidence occurred while desalination with poultice compresses the usually extreme rare chance of sampling was possible and executed. Several chemical tests combined with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Infrared (IR) spectroscopy proved humic substances as causation of the intensive staining; therefore, recommendations for restoration are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some cultural heritage sites in Jordan are in urban areas being exposed to anthropogenic pollution. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the contamination at these sites to protect them. Here, we considered a Roman archeological site (Nymphaeum) situated in Amman. The contamination in soil, plants, and building stones did not show spatial distribution within the site. The contamination was the highest in soil with least value 104 ppb for Cd and highest values ~3.5×106 and 107 ppb for sulfur and Al respectively, whereas in plants was the least for Cr (~400 ppb) and in building stones it was the least for Cu (~860 ppb). The highest contamination in plants and building stones was found for Al (~5×104 and ~6.2×105 ppb respectively). The sulfur content in plants (~7.6×105 ppb) was higher than that in the building stones (~2.3×105 ppb). The heavy metals and sulfur contamination in the building stones were lower than what was reported elsewhere outside Jordan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]