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Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a global public health priority due to its high morbidity and mortality. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), effective care for this disease depends on the availability of resources and the level of knowledge of healthcare workers (HCWs). However, in Bukavu, there is limited data available on these two crucial aspects, which are vital for enhancing the care of patients with SCD. This study aims to assess the availability of SCD services and the level of knowledge of HCWs in Bukavu, DRC. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on healthcare facilities (HCFs) was carried out between March and May 2024 among 501 nurses and clinicians from 58 HCFs in Bukavu. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with 13 knowledge questions (score >7 corresponding to good knowledge) and a checklist of available resources. Pearson's χ2 test was used to assess the association between knowledge level and participant characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine the factors influencing knowledge. Results: Of the 501 participants, only 16.4% demonstrated good knowledge of SCD. Physicians were 8.4 times more likely to possess good knowledge compared to nurses (adjusted OR = 8.4; 95% CI: 4.5 - 15.9; p<0.0001). Age, clinical experience, type of HCF, attendance of SCD training, and previous management of SCD patients did not show a significant association with knowledge after adjusting for other variables (p>0.05). Regarding resources, 55.2% of HCFs had a falciform test, but none had advanced technologies such as isoelectrofocusing or high-performance liquid chromatography. Conclusion: This study reveals a general lack of knowledge among HCWs about SCD in Bukavu, as well as limited availability of resources for diagnosis and treatment. It is essential to improve the training of HCWs and to strengthen HCFs in order to optimize the management of SCD patients in Bukavu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Quality of life (QoL) is an important measure of overall well-being linked to physical, mental, social, and environmental aspects of health. This study aimed to assess the QoL among healthcare workers (HCWs) in hospitals and primary healthcare centers (PHCs) in Gaza Strip, Palestine. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1850 HCWs in Gaza Strip, Palestine. Data were collected by using self-administered questionnaires in the paper-based format containing a sociodemographic profile and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief questionnaire. Factors associated with QoL were examined using an independent t-test, Chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression models. Results: The study included HCWs with a mean age of 38.62 years old, of whom 61.9% were male. The mean QoL score was 55.98 (standard deviation: 11.50), with 55.5% reporting a good QoL. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age, smoking status, workplace, and work shifts were associated with the overall QoL score (p < 0.05). Older age (≥ 35 years), working in a hospital, and working the morning shifts were identified as protective factors for QoL, while smoking and working the evening-night shifts were inversely associated with QoL. Conclusions: This study found that HCWs in Gaza Strip exhibited moderate levels of QoL. Age, smoking status, workplace, and work shifts were associated with overall QoL. Strategies to improve HCWs' QoL, such as lifestyle interventions, additional support through training or educational programs, and reducing work schedules, could be considered under high-pressure situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In today's fast-paced work environment, work engagement is crucial for both organizational success and individual well-being. Objective: Our aim is this study was to analyze the associated factors of work engagement, work overload, work satisfaction, and emotional exhaustion and describe their effect on nurses and physicians in the Central Catalonia Health Region during 2023. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire at the Territorial Management of Central Catalonia (Spain). The questionnaire was accessible from 28 November 2022 to 12 March 2023. The analysis was performed using the SPSS software. CHERRIES (Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys) guidelines were followed for communicating research results. Results: A total of 321 professionals answered the questionnaire, 60.7% of whom were nursing professionals and 39.3% of whom were medical professionals. Work overload, work satisfaction, and emotional exhaustion were associated with work engagement. Being a physician, permanent contracts, irregular work shifts, overtime, and salary were related to work overload and emotional exhaustion. Being a woman, salary, academic level, and irregular work shifts were related to work satisfaction. There was a gender inequality in work engagement among nursing professionals to the detriment of men. In terms of class inequality, there was a difference between occupational groups with respect to work overload and emotional exhaustion among women. Conclusions: Organizational practices need to be improved to promote greater engagement and work satisfaction, as well as to reduce emotional overload and exhaustion. This may include regulating unpaid overtime and promoting more stable working hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic imposed immense stress on healthcare systems worldwide, significantly affecting the mental well-being of healthcare workers (HCWs). This study examined the sociodemographic, occupational, and COVID-19-related predictors of burnout syndrome among Serbian HCWs. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 400 doctors and nurses utilized the Maslach Burnout Inventory to assess emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Sociodemographic, work-related, and COVID-19-related data were collected via a questionnaire. Results: Key predictors of emotional exhaustion included female gender, inadequate rest, sleep disturbances, and frontline COVID-19 work. Depersonalization was associated with fewer children, temporary employment, and COVID-19 frontline duties. Conversely, older age, religiosity, larger households, and a higher socioeconomic status positively correlated with personal accomplishment. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the urgent need for targeted interventions, including improved working conditions and mental health support, to reduce burnout and enhance HCWs' well-being during medical crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In contemporary healthcare systems, the well-being and safety of healthcare providers are pivotal for sustaining a resilient healthcare system. The concept of Psychosocial Safety Climate (PSC) emerges as a crucial framework influencing job design and employee perceptions in organisational settings, although its application within healthcare settings remains relatively underexplored. The aim of this review was to explore the buffering effect of PSC and its impact on working conditions, well-being and performance. Method: This scoping review followed Arksey and O'Malley's recommendations and PRISMA-ScR reporting checklist. Databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Central, JSTOR, and additional online sources such as Google Scholar were searched. Only peer-reviewed studies published in English that have measured PSC using PSC-12 or PSC-4 were included in this study. Findings: High PSC environments correlated with enriched job resources, fostering resilience, positive job performance, and reduced job demands. Conversely, low PSC settings were linked to increased job demands, compromised well-being, and adverse job performance outcomes. Notably, PSC acted as a buffer, mitigating the negative impacts of high job demands on well-being and reinforcing positive associations between job resources, support, and performance facets among healthcare professionals. Conclusion: This review highlights the pivotal role of PSC in shaping the work environment, well-being, and performance of healthcare providers. Prioritising PSC within healthcare settings is crucial to safeguarding the well-being of healthcare providers and improving patient outcomes. Future research should further explore the relationships between PSC, burnout, and other influencing factors, employing diverse methodologies to capture its comprehensive impact within healthcare settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The current European crisis in human resources in health has opened the debate about working conditions and fair wages. This is the case with Resident doctors, which have faced challenges throughout Europe. In Portugal, they account for about a third of the doctors in the Portuguese National Health Service. No studies to date objectively demonstrate the working conditions and responsibilities undertaken. This study aims to quantify the residents' workload and working conditions. Methods: Observational, retrospective cross-sectional study which involved a survey on the clinical and training activity of Portuguese residents, actively working in September 2020. The survey was distributed through e-mail to residents' representatives and directly to those affiliated with the Independent Union of Portuguese Doctors. The descriptive analysis assessed current workload, and logistic regression models analyzed associations with geographical location and residency seniority. Results: There were a total of 2,012 participants (19.6% of invited residents). Of the residents giving consultations, 85.3% do so with full autonomy. In the emergency department, 32.1% of the residents work 24 h shifts and 25.1% work shifts without a specialist doctor present. Regarding medical training, 40.8% invest over EUR 1,500 annually. Autonomy in consultations was associated with being a Family Medicine resident (OR 4.219, p < 0.001), being a senior resident (OR 5.143, p < 0.001), and working in the Center (OR 1.685, p = 0.009) and South regions (OR 2.172, p < 0.001). Seniority was also associated with investing over EUR 1,500 in training annually (OR 1.235, p = 0.021). Conclusion: Residents work far more than the contracted 40 h week, often on an unpaid basis. They present a high degree of autonomy in their practice, make a very significant personal and financial investment in medical training, with almost no time dedicated to studying during working hours. There is a need to provide better working conditions for health professionals, including residents, for the sake of the sustainability of health systems across Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aimed to assess the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines among healthcare workers (HCWs) from multiple outpatient clinics in Japan, examining the effects of baseline characteristics (e.g., sex, age, underlying condition, smoking history, occupation) and prior infections. Methods: A total of 101 HCWs provided serum at four time points between October 2020 and July 2023. HCWs received two to six doses of mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273). Anti-nucleocapsid (N) and anti-spike (S) IgG antibodies against the ancestral Wuhan strain were measured using the Abbott Architect™ SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay. Univariate and regression analysis evaluated factors such as past infections, age, sex, smoking, underlying condition, and occupation. Results: After four to six doses, the median anti-S IgG titer in uninfected HCWs was 1807.30 BAU/mL, compared to 1899.89 BAU/mL in HCWs with prior infections. The median anti-N IgG titer was 0.10 index S/C in uninfected HCWs and 0.39 index S/C in infected HCWs. HCWs with prior infection had anti-S IgG titers 1.1 to 5.8 times higher than those without. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated infection and vaccination significantly increased anti-S and anti-N IgG titers. Age, sex, smoking history and occupation did not influence antibody titers while underlying conditions were associated with lower anti-N IgG titers. Conclusions: Infection and vaccination were strongly associated with an increase in anti-S and anti-N IgG titers; however, the impact of hybrid immunity appeared to be limited and varied depending on the timing of the sampling. These findings provide valuable insights for developing personalized vaccination strategies and future vaccine development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most concerning public health issues in Vietnam due to antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant organisms (CROs), which might appear in remote areas in Vietnam. At this center, we performed a cross-sectional study and collected fecal samples from humans (20 healthcare workers (HCWs) and 67 residents) and 175 environmental samples, with rectal and environment swabs, as data for this study, from September 2022 to December 2022. We conducted microbiological testing, including the MELAB Chromogenic CARBA agar plates, blood agar plates, and the BD PhoenixTM Automated Microbiology System to screen, isolate, and identify bacterial species and phenotypic tests for the antimicrobial susceptibility of carbapenem-resistant bacteria and the whole-genome sequencing for 12 CROs chosen to confirm the CRO transmission between HCWs and residents. The study findings showed that the prevalence and risk factors associated with CRO colonization were detected in HCWs, residents, and the environment in the Center of Care and Protection of Orphan Children. CRO transmission happened between HCWs and residents detected with WGS analysis. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) plays a significant role in CRO control and prevention and reduces CRO transmission/colonization in this center and other healthcare settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim The aim was to evaluate the role of insufficient use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk for healthcare workers (HCW) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Prospective study within the COBRA cohort, including 15,127 HCW. Daily assessment of insufficient use of PPE, defined as self-reported PPE failure or noncompliance, in relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection ascertained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. Statistical analysis involved calculating incidence rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results The included HCW contributed to 780,515 risk days including 67,723 d (8.7%) with insufficient PPE use and 133 events (positive PCR test). Self-reported insufficient use of PPE was slightly associated with infection with COVID-19 in HCW, but the data were statistically consistent with parameter values ranging from a protective effect to a to a doubling in risk (IRR 1.3, 95% CI 0.8; 2.3). Sensitivity analyses restricted to high-risk departments and to a period with a sufficient supply of PPE and a fully developed testing system, respectively, confirmed these findings. Conclusion Insufficient use of PPE among HCW during the pandemic in Denmark was uncommon but associated with a slightly increased risk of COVID-19 among HCW. However, the findings are uncertain due to the limited number of cases and the potential for misclassification bias stemming from the self-reported nature of the exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hospitals and healthcare workers in Africa, and Nigeria specifically, are increasingly being confronted by complex situations, in which decision-making becomes more troublesome in the presence of conflicting goals, values, and preferences among the respective stakeholders. Given that all healthcare decision-making requires ethical considerations, and there is a noted absence or paucity of documentation of institutionalized mechanisms for addressing any associated concern or dilemma in Nigeria, it is thus unclear how most hospitals, healthcare workers, and the public handle the ethical dimensions of patients' care and hospital practice, while also generating possibilities for improvement in care quality. This paper is an attempt to heighten awareness of the need for clinical ethics support services (CESS) in Nigeria and encourage thought, reflection and dialogue over the issues raised. The authors, drawing from their experiences as practicing bioethicists and health care professionals, as well as findings from an unpublished exploratory qualitative study and a review of literature, posit that Nigeria is ripe for the formalization of CESS, especially at the tertiary level of care. Based on the identified bioethics manpower capacity and societal utilization of the existing telecommunication infrastructure in Nigeria, we propose the establishment of a homegrown and socially responsive pilot initiative in which, on-site hospital ethics support services, as well as a web/portal-based or online component will be accessible to all interested healthcare professionals/students, patients, bioethicists, and members of the public. Though the evidence for the effectiveness and impact of CESS and related services on the quality and outcome of care has remained relatively weak and there is no single existing CESS model that has been comprehensively proven to be beneficial to healthcare practice in all settings, we argue that the establishment of formal and homegrown CESS should be of top priority in Nigeria, and Africa generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Effective infection prevention and control (IPC) practices among healthcare workers are crucial to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and other infections in healthcare settings. Aim: To synthesise evidence on behaviour change theories, models, or frameworks applied to understand healthcare workers' IPC practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: PubMed, EBSCOhost interface, ProQuest interface, MEDLINE (Ovid), and grey literature were searched for primary studies published between December 2019 and May 2023. The Mixed Method Appraisal Tool evaluated the methodological quality of the studies. Two reviewers independently completed study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. Results: The search yielded 2110 studies, of which 19 were included. Seven behaviour change theories, models, and frameworks were identified, with the Health Belief Model and Theoretical Domains Framework being the most employed. Based on these theories, models, and frameworks, the included studies identified cognitive, environmental, and social factors influencing healthcare workers' compliance with COVID-19 IPC practices. Discussion: This review offers insights into the critical role of behavioural change theories, models, or frameworks in understanding the factors influencing healthcare workers' compliance with IPC practices during COVID-19. It also highlights the potential of these theories in guiding the development of evidence-based interventions to improve healthcare workers' compliance with IPC practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aims to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of COVID‐19 infection among healthcare workers, including the severity, duration of infection, post‐infection symptoms and related influencing factors. Methods: A self‐administered questionnaire was utilized to assess the post‐infection status of primary healthcare workers in Jiangsu Province. The questionnaire collected information on demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, post‐infection clinical manifestations, work environment and recovery time of the respondents. Customized outcome events were selected as dependent variables and logistic regression models were employed to analyse the risk factors. Phi‐coefficient was used to describe the relationship between post‐infection symptoms. Results: The analysis revealed that several factors, such as female, older age, obesity, previous medical history, exposure to high‐risk environments and stress, were associated with a higher likelihood of experiencing more severe outcomes. On the other hand, vaccination and regular exercise were found to contribute to an earlier resolution of the infection. Among the post‐infection symptoms, cough, malaise and muscle aches were the most frequently reported. Overall, there was a weak association among symptoms persisting beyond 14 days, with only cough and malaise, malaise and dizziness and headache showing a stronger correlation. Conclusion: The study findings indicate that the overall severity of the first wave of infection, following the complete lifting of restrictions in China, was low. The impact on primary healthcare workers was limited, and the post‐infection symptoms exhibited similarity to those observed in other countries. It is important to highlight that these conclusions are specifically relevant to the population infected with the Omicron variant. Impacts: This study helps to grasp the impacts of the first wave of COVID‐19 infections on healthcare workers in China after the national lockdown was lifted. Patients: Primary healthcare workers in Jiangsu Province, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists and other personnel from primary healthcare units such as community health service centres and health centres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine the relationship between empathy and mental health in healthcare workers, the mediating role of social support, and the moderating role of academic qualifications. A sample of 513 healthcare workers completed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, Social Support Scale, and General Health Questionnaire. (1) Significant correlations were observed among empathy (cognitive empathy), social support (including intra-family support, friend support, and significant other support), and mental health (P < 0.01). (2) Social support was found to be a significant mediator in the relationship linking empathy to the mental health of healthcare workers (P < 0.001). (3) Educational qualifications were identified as a moderating factor in the relationship linking social support to mental health (P<0.01). Specifically, social support exhibited a stronger association with mental health among healthcare workers with lower educational levels (β = -0.516,t = -9.414, P < 0.001). Healthcare workers' psychological well-being can be enhanced by nurturing their empathy and establishing a robust social support system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Quiet Quitting Scale (QQS) among healthcare workers. After completing the language validation, the psychometric properties of the QQS were tested on a sample of 542 healthcare workers from two hospitals in Turkey. Convergent validity was examined using the Burnout Measure-Short Version (BMS). The reliability of the scale was evaluated through internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and split-half reliability. Factor analysis confirmed the one-dimensional structure of the QQS with its seven items. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.81, the intraclass correlation coefficient for the total score was 0.91, and the Spearman-Brown coefficient for split-half reliability was 0.80. Additionally, the test-retest reliability was found to be high. A correlation coefficient of 0.79 between the QQS and BMS confirmed the scale's convergent validity. These results suggest that the Turkish version of the QQS is a valid and reliable tool for measuring quiet quitting behavior in healthcare workers. Further research with different sample groups is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Healthcare transformation is a multifaceted process that hinges on the collaborative efforts of various stakeholders. The success of a significant transformational project is contingent upon the readiness and acceptance among the healthcare workers. Aims: This study aims to assess the level of understanding and awareness of healthcare workers regarding healthcare transformation, with a specific focus on Vision 2030. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative study was undertaken involving Saudi healthcare workers. The research employed bivariate correlations and multivariate linear regressions for statistical analysis. Survey data were collected from 456 healthcare workers to gauge their perspectives on healthcare transformation. Results: The findings reveal a robust correlation between awareness of healthcare transformation and the perceived significance of the transformation. Notably, participation in the planning and execution stages significantly enhances awareness levels. Conversely, a negative correlation is observed between awareness levels and concerns related to job security and other challenges faced by healthcare workers. Conclusion: To ensure the success of the national transformation program, decision-makers should actively involve all potential stakeholders, particularly during the planning and execution stages. Reassuring healthcare workers about job security and addressing their concerns are crucial steps in overcoming resistance and fostering the necessary support for healthcare transformation initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smoking is a major public health issue worldwide. The prevalence of smoking among healthcare workers is particularly concerning as they serve as role models for their patients and play a crucial role in combating the tobacco epidemic. Our survey analyzes the smoking habits, second-hand smoke exposure, attitude and support towards smoking cessation among healthcare workers in a hospital in Southern Italy. An anonymous questionnaire was completed by 179 healthcare workers. Among the participants, 36.9% were current smokers, 22.3% were ex-smokers, 8.4% were abstinent smokers, and 32.4% were never smokers. Additionally, 43.0% of smokers reported being exposed to second-hand smoke for 7 days per week, compared to 17.9% of never-smokers. Only 29.2% of current smokers are attempting to quit, while 58.5% have shown no interest in quitting. Most smokers reported not receiving any advice to quit, and only 4.9% received advice from health professionals. Our results align with previous research indicating high smoking rates; however, our findings are even more critical compared to pre-2020 studies in other regions of Europe and Italy. This could be strictly due to the known relation between burnout and COVID-19: the high levels of burnout among health workers caused by the pandemic may have contributed to the increase in smoking behavior. The smoking habits among healthcare workers highlight the urgent need to enhance anti-smoking programs also within healthcare settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Androloji Bülteni (Andrology Bullettin) is the property of BAYT Ltd. Co and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Anatolian Journal of General Medical Research is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Healthcare settings may amplify transmission of respiratory pathogens, however empirical evidence is lacking. We aimed to describe the spectrum and distribution of respiratory pathogens among healthcare workers in eastern China. Methods: Healthcare workers were recruited from October 2020 to November 2021 in Jiangsu province. Participants were interviewed regarding demographic and hospital-based protective measures. Thirty-seven common respiratory pathogens were tested using real-time PCR/RT-PCR (Probe qPCR). The role of demographic and hospital-based protective measures on pathogens colonization using multivariable logistic regression models. Results: Among 316 enrolled healthcare workers, a total of 21 pathogens were detected. In total, 212 (67.1%) healthcare workers had at least one respiratory pathogen; 195 (61.7%) and 70 (22.2%) with a bacterial and viral pathogen. The most commonly detected pathogen was streptococcus pneumoniae (47.5%) followed by Haemophilus influenzae (21.2%). One hundred and five (33.2%) healthcare workers with copathogens had at least two respiratory pathogens. Both bacterial and viral colonization were more common in 2020 compared to 2021. A decreased risk of colonization was seen in participants with infection prevention and control training and suitable hand hygiene. Conclusions: Colonization of respiratory pathogens in healthcare workers from eastern China was high. Differential risk was impacted only by hospital-based protective measures and not demographic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background and Objectives: Given that COVID-19 vaccination is a relatively recent development, particularly when compared to immunisation against other diseases, it is crucial to assess its efficacy in vaccinated populations. This literature review analysed studies that monitored antibody titres against SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers who received COVID-19 vaccines. Methods: Using the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparators, Outcomes) model recommended in the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines we included 43 publications which analyse antibody dynamics following primary vaccination, the effects of booster doses, and the influence of factors such as COVID-19C infection, age, and sex on antibody kinetics. Results: All the studies demonstrated a strong immunogenic response to the vaccines. Re-gardless of the vaccine used, over 95% of the pre-vaccination seronegative population be-came seropositive in all studies. Depending on the sampling intervals provided by the re-searchers, antibody levels were quantitatively highest during the first three months after vaccination, but levels inevitably declined over time. The monthly decline in antibodies observed in all these studies highlighted the necessity for booster doses. Studies analysing the impact of revaccination on antibody dynamics have confirmed that revaccination is an effective tool to boost humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2. An-tibodies appear to persist for a longer period of time after revaccination, although they are subject to similar factors influencing antibody dynamics, such as age, comorbidities, and exposure to COVID-19. In addition, heterogeneous revaccination strategies have been shown to be more effective than homogeneous revaccination. Conclusions: Our review demonstrated that antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 inevitably decline after vaccination, leaving the question of ongoing booster strategies open. The studies reviewed provided evidence of the effectiveness of booster vaccination, despite differences in age, sex, and prior COVID-19 infection. This suggests that repeated vaccination remains a highly effective method for mitigating the continued threat posed by COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The emergence of new COVID-19 variants continues to affect healthcare workers (HCWs) and vulnerable populations in the post-pandemic era. This study aims to assess the willingness, perceptions, and factors associated with booster COVID-19 vaccine uptake in this context. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2023 and May 2024 among Thai adults (>20 years old) in Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand. Participants included HCWs and patients with chronic medical conditions. People who had received a monovalent XBB-derived booster vaccine were excluded. Results: Data related to a total of 811 participants were analyzed, with 328 from the vulnerable group and 483 HCWs. Willingness to receive the booster was similar in both groups (43.3% in HCWs, 45.0% in the vulnerable group). Low-risk perception (59.6%–83.5%), minimal impact on daily life (60.4%–62.9%), and doubts about booster efficacy (75.9%–81.4%) were prevalent negative thoughts toward the booster. Having received a flu vaccine (aOR 2.1), concerns about the impact on life of COVID-19 (aOR 1.8), and beliefs in booster safety (aOR 1.8) and vaccine effectiveness against severe disease (aOR 2.7) were associated with increased willingness. Conclusions: Only 44% of participants were willing to receive a COVID-19 booster. Policymakers can use these insights to develop strategies to increase vaccine uptake in the post-pandemic era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: In the last years cardiovascular risk has decreased in grown adults and elderly while it seems to be rising among young adults. OBJECTIVE: to assess the 10-year cardiovascular risk (CVR) in young healthcare professionals at the teaching hospital in Rome, using two scores, and identify possible determinants in order to design and implement preventive strategies. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out between January 2019 and July 2020. Participants underwent medical history collection, physical examination, and blood tests. CVR was calculated using CUORE and Framingham Risk Scores. A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted having the scores as dependent variables. Diagnostic tests were used for checking model assumptions. RESULTS: The study was carried out including 525 participants, 58.5% physicians and 32.1% nurses. Multivariate analysis was carried out only for men, since the pp plot for the whole population and for females for the dependent variables showed some evidence of non-normality, and the residual plot shows variance of the residuals was not constant across the range of fitted values. CVR, using the Framingham equation, directly correlated with age (β = 0.260; p < 0.001). Using the CUORE score, qualification as a physician (p < 0.001) is associated with a lower risk of having a CVR, while age (p < 0.001) is directly proportional to this risk. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing age consistently emerges as a prominent factor, positively influencing both the Framingham risk score and CUORE score, but this association was found only for men. Being a doctor is a protective factor for the CUORE score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The high public demand for healthcare services during the COVID-19 pandemic and strict infection control measures, coupled with threat of severe illness and death, and limited resources, led to many healthcare workers (HCWs) experiencing ethically challenging situations (ECSs). Objective: To systematically explore first-hand accounts of ECS-evoking moral distress among HCWs during this public health emergency. Research design: This was an open cohort study. All participants were asked whether they had been in ECS-evoking moral distress during the pandemic. Those who had were asked to describe these situations. Answers were systematically analyzed according to three levels of root causes for ECSs, using thematic analysis. Participants and research context: In January 2022, 977 HCWs from four Norwegian university hospitals participated. Ethical considerations: The study received ethical approval from the Norwegian Ethical Review Authority (No. 130944). Results: In total, 508 participants (52%) reported that they had experienced ECS-evoking moral distress during the pandemic, whereof 323 provided a qualitative description. We found that while a few reported ECSs caused at the patient level, and some described situations at the unit/team level, the vast majority reported situations caused at the system level, predominantly related to resource scarcity, particularly poor staffing. Conclusion: Our findings strongly indicate that efforts to mitigate moral distress among HCWs should be targeted at the system level. More specifically, the study findings highlight resource limitations, particularly poor staffing, as a major cause of moral distress during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacground: Impaired venous return is observed in healthcare professionals who spend long periods standing and sitting. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate varicose vein-related risk factors, exercise health beliefs, and venous refill time in healthcare professionals working in operating rooms and outpatient clinics by photoplethysmography. Method: The study sample consisted of 100 healthcare professionals without a diagnosis of peripheral venous insufficiency. Data were collected using a descriptive characteristics form, the Health Belief Model Scale for Exercise, the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, and photoplethysmography. Result: This study found that OR nurses had shorter venous refill times and experienced more pain due to prolonged standing, despite their high health beliefs about exercise. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals working in operating rooms should be screened for venous insufficiency and trained regarding the practices to prevent venous insufficiency, such as lying down, elevating legs, and using elastic stockings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Refusals and delay in receiving COVID-19 vaccines due to vaccine hesitancy present major barriers to optimal vaccine uptake and thus epidemic control, with crisis-affected populations facing additional challenges. International Medical Corps conducted a cross-sectional survey to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding COVID-19 and identify determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among 413 healthcare workers (HCW) working at 90 national primary healthcare centers in Lebanon, just prior to widespread vaccine rollout. Logistic regression was used to assess predictors of vaccine acceptance using the health belief Model. More than half (56.9%) of HCWs were categorized as being vaccine-hesitant, while 43.1% reported they would receive a vaccine when available. Perceived benefits, cues to action, and social norms were positively associated with vaccine acceptance. More than half (56.4%) believed the national health system was not capable of ensuring safe administration of the COVID-19 vaccine. Targeted interventions that emphasize the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination, highlight cues to vaccinate, and promote vaccination as a social norm are critical in motivating HCWs to get vaccinated. Increasing HCW trust in Lebanon's national health system is critical to building confidence toward COVID-19 vaccines and has implications for the success of future responses to infectious disease outbreaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural rubber latex (NRL) and chlorhexidine are important causes of occupational allergy in healthcare settings. A significant reduction in NRL allergy has been reported in countries that have adopted latex-avoidance measures. However, healthcare workers (HCWs) in many developing countries continue to use powdered NRL gloves, increasing their risk of developing an allergy to NRL. Chlorhexidine is commonly used for hand hygiene and disinfecting patients' surfaces or wounds in emergency centres. However, only a few cases of occupational allergy to chlorhexidine have been reported among HCWs. Both NRL and chlorhexidine can induce IgE-mediated allergic reactions and irritant contact dermatitis. Unlike NRL, chlorhexidine can cause cell-mediated hypersensitivity. Allergic contact dermatitis resulting from wearing NRL gloves is due to rubber additives and not NRL allergens. Testing for allergic sensitisation is a crucial step in the clinical evaluation of these allergies. Avoiding exposure to the source of the problem remains the most effective method of managing these allergies. Powdered NRL gloves should be replaced with powder-free, low-protein or low-allergen NRL gloves or non-NRL alternatives. For chlorhexidine allergy, alternative products should be made available to sensitised HCWs. Adequate information about these allergies should be provided to all HCWs. In addition, the lowest effective concentration of chlorhexidine should be used and all chlorhexidine-containing products should be clearly labelled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Unlike psychological distress, which has been extensively studied during the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of the pandemic on stress hormones has been overlooked. The aim of this study is to examine the hair cortisol/dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) ratios as markers of HPA axis dysregulation in healthcare workers and their patients. Methods: A total of 200 healthcare workers and 161 "patients" patients with special healthcare needs due to chronic illness or motor disabilities were included in this study. The hormone concentrations were measured using a radioimmunoassay. Results: Our results show that the patients had significantly higher cortisol/DHEA-S ratios than the workers. A high cortisol/DHEA-S ratio in the patients reflects higher cortisol concentrations (p < 0.001) and lower DHEA-S (p < 0.05) concentrations compared to those of the healthcare workers, suggesting that they may be exposed to a greater degree of stress and a decrease in their ability to cope with their disease. The cut-off value of the hair cortisol/DHEA-S ratio in our study for detecting people with needs that require special consideration and attention was 1.46 (p ≤ 0.01). Conclusions: Assessing the hair cortisol/DHEA-S ratios in both healthcare workers and the patients allowed us to identify a non-homeostatic condition that could lead to disease and to understand psychophysical well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. They also play a crucial role in preventive and personalized medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite advances in antiretroviral treatment and the message of undetectable equals untransmittable (U=U), there remain challenges related to stigma and quality of life for people living with HIV. This study aimed to understand the experiences of people recently diagnosed with HIV at a clinical service, to guide insights into how to improve care and support in the contemporary treatment era. Methods: This qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews with individuals diagnosed with HIV between 2016 and 2021 at RPA Sexual Health service (a sexual health clinic in Sydney, Australia), or who were referred to the clinic directly after diagnosis. Participants were recruited through a short survey questionnaire between May 2022 and May 2023, and interviews were transcribed and analysed thematically. Results: Fourteen participants were interviewed for the study, eight of whom were born outside of Australian or Aotearoa New Zealand. We found that diagnosis was still a shocking event requiring careful support; that there was ongoing stigma, shame, and reduced sexual confidence following diagnosis; and that beyond initial diagnosis, some people would benefit from ongoing support and education about key concepts regarding HIV treatment. Conclusion: Our study suggests that HIV diagnosis remains disruptive, and sexual stigma is a key issue negatively impacting quality of life. Health providers can mitigate these issues by supporting the ongoing psychosocial needs of people with HIV in the early period of adjusting to HIV diagnosis, and referring to peer-based and other services. Initiating conversations about sex and dating and checking understandings of key health messages over time may promote improved care. Despite improvements in treatment, there remain important gaps in quality of life for people recently diagnosed with HIV. Through interviews with people diagnosed with HIV between 2016 and 2021 at a sexual health clinic in Sydney, Australia, this study aimed to understand experiences of recent diagnosis and care. Findings suggest that more opportunities for discussions about sex and dating in early years of diagnosis and checking understandings of key health messages may promote improved care and quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID-19 global pandemic was a profoundly traumatic experience, in which healthcare workers were stressed, anxious, and overwhelmed as they laboured amidst chaos, upheaval, and mounting death. During such challenging and uncertain times, it is imperative to prioritise self-care in order to maintain mental and emotional wellbeing. Aims: This study explored the impact of an art-based self-care practice on the resilience of a healthcare worker during a 14-day quarantine on a trip to South Korea during COVID-19. Methods: Interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) was employed to analyze written reflections of artwork created during my quarantine. I employed a grounding art therapy directive consisting of six steps: find a comfortable position, identify my feelings, allow thoughts or images to arise, create and respond to the images, engage in art dialogue with the artwork, and give a name to the whole process. Results: Three phases emerged reflecting a journey in which states of powerlessness and confusion gave way to a release of frozen feelings and a renewal of body awareness. Elaborated healing images then emerged representing a return of hope, spirituality, growth, and a longing to reconnect with others. Conclusions: Amidst such a chaotic overwhelming traumatic experience art-based self-care practices can be a way to regain a sense of control and self-efficacy. Implications for practice/policy/future research: Art-based self-care practices can be valuable for healthcare workers during times of crisis and stress. Including semi-structured interviews inquiring into the experiences of a larger number of participants and controlled experimental designs would help validate these findings. Plain-language summary: The COVID-19 global pandemic was a profoundly traumatic experience, affecting individuals worldwide and causing acute anxiety, stress, and sense of overwhelm. Healthcare workers, in particular, were stressed and exhausted due to work overload. During such challenging times, it is imperative to prioritise self-care to increase resilience. I had been working as art therapist in a psychiatric unit of a hospital for 9 months when I had to return to my birthplace of South Korea to attend to a family matter. Facing a 14-day quarantine, I decided to practice art-based self-care as a way to soothe and attend to my anxious emotional state. I wanted to understand the benefits of art-based self-care on resilience in healthcare workers. The directive consisted of six steps: find a comfortable position, identify my feelings, allow thoughts or images to arise, create and respond to the images, allow verbal responses to the images, and give a name to the whole process. I examined the written reflections of the artwork I created during daily self-care practice. The results reflect a journey, in which a state of fragmentation and exhaustion gave way under the exploration of my complex inner state, releasing diverse emotions, and leading to bodily awareness and emotional restoration. I rediscovered a sense of hope and a spiritual inclination to reconnect with others. Art-based self-care helped facilitate reconnection with myself, my needs, my body, and others, which in turn enabled me to prioritise self-care during the stresses of COVID-19. Policymakers and healthcare organisations should consider incorporating art-based self-care programmes for healthcare workers to support their resilience and emotional wellbeing. Future researchers should consider interviewing a larger number of healthcare workers who follow the grounding art-therapy directive I used. Stronger research designs could be used to further support my findings and inform future interventions for healthcare workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to investigate nutrition‐related health behaviors among nursing and medical students compared to healthcare workers (HCWs), including nurses and physicians. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted between May and November 2022, using the I‐MEDAS and lifestyle‐related behavior questionnaires. The participants included nursing and medical students, nurses, and physicians, with a total of 384 participants: 16.9% physicians, 23.17% nurses, and 59.9% students, 93% of whom were nursing students. The average I‐MEDAS score (out of 17) was 7 for physicians, 8 for nurses, and 8 for students, with no significant differences in lifestyle behavior scores between the groups (p = 0.11), although nurses tended to score lower. Nurses also had a significantly higher BMI compared to physicians and students (p < 0.001). Physicians and nurses reported lower engagement in leisure activities and household chores, fewer sleep hours, and poorer sleep quality. The findings highlight a decline in healthy lifestyle behaviors and poor adherence to the Mediterranean diet among HCWs and students, particularly nurses, emphasizing the need for interventions to promote healthier habits in these groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To assess the level of quiet quitting among healthcare workers (HCWs) and identify possible differences between nurses, physicians, and other HCWs. We investigated the impact of sociodemographic variables, job burnout, and job satisfaction on quiet quitting levels. Background: The quiet‐quitting phenomenon is not new but has been frequently discussed during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Interestingly, the level of quiet quitting among HCWs has not been measured yet. Methods: We conducted a cross‐sectional study with a convenience sample. We measured sociodemographic variables, job burnout, job satisfaction, and quiet quitting. We adhered to STROBE guidelines for cross‐sectional studies. Findings: Among our sample, 67.4% of nurses were quiet quitters, while the prevalence of quiet quitting for physicians and other HCWs was 53.8% and 40.3%, respectively. Multivariable linear regression analysis identified that the levels of quiet quitting were higher among nurses than physicians and other HCWs. Moreover, greater job burnout contributed more to quiet quitting, while less satisfaction implied more quiet quitting. HCWs who work in shifts and those working in the private sector experienced higher levels of quiet quitting. Discussion: More than half of our HCWs were described as quit quitters. Levels of quiet quitting were higher among nurses. Job burnout and job dissatisfaction were associated with higher levels of quiet quitting. Implications for nursing practice and nursing policy: Measurement of quiet quitting and identification of risk factors are essential to prevent or reduce quiet quitting levels among HCWs. Our study provides information on this field helping managers and organizations to identify quiet quitters within HCWs. Policymakers and managers should develop and implement interventions both at an organizational level and at an individual level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flushing uncovered toilets in hospitals has been shown to produce toilet plume aerosols (TPA) in a wide size ranging from nanometers to micrometers. Studies have shown that TPA can carry infectious pathogens and hazardous drugs used in cancer treatment. To mitigate the risk of exposure, some researchers have recommended covering the toilet during flushing, and guidelines from the Oncology Nursing Society have specifically recommended covering the toilet when flushing excreta from patients receiving chemotherapy. Because existing literature primarily focused on controlled laboratory settings or small case studies, there has been a need for a real-world, multi-center study in clinical settings to measure TPA by flushing both covered and un-covered toilets. To address this gap, the authors initiated a multicenter study to measure TPA in clinical settings and to assess the effectiveness of a commercially available, portable, and reusable toilet cover. The study enrolled 15 hospital centers (145 toilets) in nine U.S. states which included seven National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated comprehensive cancer centers. The particle number concentrations were measured using a TSI optical particle counter (TSI 9306) with six size bins (0.3 to 25.0 µm) positioned 22 inches above the floor. The results showed that the ambient particle number concentrations in the HEPA-filtered floor bathrooms (376 ± 857#/L) are significantly lower than the non-HEPA-filtered ones (7,432 ± 9,207#/L). The mean particle number concentrations generated by flushing are 3,951 ± 8,606#/L with a median of 1,916#/L, ranging from 136#/L to 71,959#/L. Results with cover demonstrated a reduction in the total number of particles of 101 ± 11% regardless of the HEPA filter usage (p = 0.0002 in the Mann-Whitney U test). Mixed-effects modeling revealed that the overall level of particle reduction is substantial regardless of state (nine total), floor levels, flush volumes, and inpatient versus outpatient. This study provides evidence supporting the use of the tested portable toilet cover as an intervention to reduce healthcare workers', patients', and visitors' exposure to toilet plume aerosols in clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infections, despite vaccination, can be clinically consequential for frail nursing home residents (NHR). Poor vaccine-induced antibody quality may add risk for such subsequent infections and more severe disease. We assessed antibody binding avidity, as a surrogate for antibody quality, among NHR and healthcare workers (HCW). We longitudinally sampled 112 NHR and 52 HCWs who received the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine after each dose up to the Wuhan-BA.4/5-based Omicron bivalent boosters. We quantified anti-spike, anti-receptor binding domain (RBD), and avidity levels to the ancestral Wuhan, Delta, and Omicron BA.1 & 4/5 strains. The primary vaccination series produced substantial anti-spike and RBD levels which were low in avidity against all strains tested. Antibody avidity progressively increased in the 6–8 months that followed. Avidity significantly increased after the 1st booster but not for subsequent boosters. This study underscores the importance of booster vaccination among NHR and HCWs. The 1st booster dose increases avidity, increasing vaccine-induced functional antibody. The higher cross-reactivity of higher avidity antibodies to other SARS-CoV-2 strains should translate to better protection from ever-evolving strains. Higher avidities may help explain how the vaccine's protective effects persist despite waning antibody titers after each vaccine dose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Occupational allergic respiratory disease in healthcare workers due to occupational exposure has received widespread attention. At the same time, evidence of altered respiratory flora associated with the development of allergy has been found in relevant epidemiologic studies. It is of concern that the composition of nasopharyngeal flora in healthcare workers differs significantly from that of non-healthcare workers due to occupational factors, with a particularly high prevalence of carriage of pathogenic and drug-resistant bacteria. Recent studies have found that interventions with upper respiratory tract probiotics can significantly reduce the incidence of respiratory allergies and infections. We searched PubMed and other databases to describe the burden of allergic respiratory disease and altered respiratory flora in healthcare workers in this narrative review, and we summarize the mechanisms and current state of clinical research on the use of flora interventions to ameliorate respiratory allergy, with the aim of providing a new direction for protecting the respiratory health of healthcare workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The persistence of qPCR positivity for SARS-CoV-2 in individuals who recovered from COVID-19 raised several questions regarding viral transmission, with a special interest in healthcare professionals who may pose a risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2. This issue highlights the necessity for identifying the genetic risk factors associated with persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection. A promising target for achieving this goal is the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) gene, which has been associated with clinical characteristics of COVID-19 infection, such as severity. The analysis of samples from the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic represents the initial response of the immune human system against this new virus, without the effect of vaccination or the presence of multiple strains. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of genetic variants in ACE2 with persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection. We conducted a case–control study, including 151 healthcare workers who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by qPCR during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, and who were followed up until their results were negative. ACE2 was sequenced through Sanger sequencing. The sequence was compared against a reference sequence and variants identified. Four ACE2 variants were associated with persistent SARS-CoV-2 qPCR positivity. Three of the variants with an effect on the resulting protein were associated with increased risk of persistent SARS-CoV-2 qPCR positivity, NG_012575.2:g.35481 C>T, NG_012575.2:g.35483 G>T and NG_012575.2:g.35498 G>T. On the other hand, the rs2285666 (NG_012575.2:g.14934 G>A) was associated with a higher risk for persistent SARS-CoV-2 qPCR positivity in women and rs4646150 (NG_012575.2:g.25701 G>A) in men. The NG_012575.2:g.35498 G>T variant represents an amino acid change with a possibly harmful effect on ACE2 function. Our results suggest that ACE2 variants might be useful for identifying the population at higher risk for developing persistent SARS-CoV-2-positive qPCR results. This knowledge can be helpful for designing health policies for protecting healthcare professionals and, in consequence, users of health services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

University students, especially those in healthcare sciences, are of particular importance in COVID-19 vaccine views since their future careers will allow them to educate citizens regarding vaccination. The study examined COVID-19 immunisation coverage, behaviours, and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines among students in Bulgarian medical universities. A prospective cross-sectional study was undertaken in September 2021- January 2022. Demographics, university programme, year of study, general vaccine attitudes and behaviour, and personal experience with COVID-19 and vaccines were collected. The chi-square test was used to test for associations and binominal logistic regression to identify possible predictors for vaccination. A total of 3050 students with a median age of 22 years, predominantly female participated. Three-quarters of the students (73.5%) have been vaccinated against COVID-19. An association was found between COVID-19 vaccination and influenza vaccination in the previous season (χ2 = 67.15, p < 0.001) as well as the intention to receive the flu vaccine in the current season (χ2 = 142.83, p < 0.001). Vaccine hesitation mainly stemmed from fear of side effects and safety concerns, but non-vaccinated students voiced them more often. Respondents who were less likely to be vaccinated considered themselves to have: (a) limited access to sufficient information to allow them to make an informed decision to vaccinate against COVID-19; (b) lack of public awareness and education campaigns about COVID-19 vaccines; (c) insufficient information about COVID-19 vaccines during university education that would allow them to make an informed decision to vaccinate; and (d) had a positive COVID-19 diagnosis. Informational initiatives that emphasise vaccine safety will boost COVID-19 immunisation coverage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Psychosocially unsafe workplaces are related to burnout, especially amongst trainees and psychiatrists. Burgeoning research on psychosocial workplace safety indicates the importance of organisational governance to reduce adverse professional, and consequently patient, outcomes in healthcare by balancing job demands and resources. We provide a brief commentary on the relevance of the concept of the Psychosocial Safety Climate model for mental health services and healthcare workers, and considerations for action. Conclusions: Based on the Extended Job Demand-Resource model, the Psychosocial Safety Climate model has been developed and validated in community and healthcare environments. Psychosocial safety is also an Australian workplace safety requirement. An important direction to improve working conditions, reduce adverse outcomes, and improve recruitment and retention of healthcare workers, may be to adopt and formalise psychosocial workplace safety as a key performance indicator of equal importance to productivity for mental healthcare services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To test the hypothesis that resilience has a mediating effect on the association between work fatigue and psychological distress. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted online in eight countries in 2021: Brazil, Lebanon, Nigeria, Pakistan, Poland, Qatar, Serbia, and Tunisia. A total of 1094 healthcare professionals specialized in medicine, pharmacy, and nurse practitioners that were exposed to/worked with COVID-19 patients were included (age: 33.89 ± 10.79 years; 59.6% females). Results: After adjusting for potential confounders (i.e., country, gender, primary work in emergency department, primary work in infectious disease, primary work in intensive care unit, working in a COVID-19 ward, and working voluntary hours), the results of the mediation analysis showed that resilience fully mediated the association between physical work fatigue and psychological distress and partially mediated the associations between mental and emotional work fatigue and psychological distress. Higher work fatigue was significantly associated with less resilience; higher resilience was significantly associated with less psychological distress. Finally, higher mental and emotional, but not physical, work fatigue, were directly and significantly associated with more psychological distress. Conclusion: Identifying resilience as an important mediator in the path from fatigue to distress helps elucidate underlying mechanisms and pathways leading to the mental health-alteration process among healthcare workers during COVID-19. New strategies targeting resilience may be developed to further improve mental health outcomes among healthcare workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ageism refers to the presence of stereotypes, prejudices, and discrimination against older adults based on their age. In healthcare settings it negatively impacts opportunities for treatment, rehabilitation, and cure opportunities. This study aims to assess the presence of ageism among healthcare workers toward older patients and to identify the associated sociodemographic, personal, and work-related factors. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed using PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus. Studies that assessed the presence of ageism among healthcare professionals through a quantitative or mixed methodology and published between 2014 and 2024 were included. Results: Fifteen articles met the inclusion criteria. Healthcare workers generally exhibited low rates of ageism; however, results varied across studies. Although the available literature is limited, workers with less knowledge about aging and less experience, especially in geriatric units, showed higher ageism scores. Intergenerational contact and a wish to work with older people appeared to be important factors for promoting a positive relationship with older adults. Other sociodemographic and sociocultural factors, such as age and sex, were not related to ageism. Workload and work-related factors, such as stress or lack of personnel, might be associated with ageism, but few studies were found to be available to confirm these results. Conclusions: Ageism scores among professionals were low. Gerontological education and clinical and family experience could help reduce ageist attitudes toward older patients among health professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: Personal support workers (PSWs) are important healthcare workers providing essential services to thousands of Canadians. PSWs face many challenges that were exacerbated in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study we explore experiences of PSWs working through the pandemic in Ontario long-term care (LTC) homes by focusing on the vulnerability of such workers. Methods: An interpretive description approach was adopted. Eleven PSWs working in LTC homes in an urban center in Ontario participated in semi-structured interviews between January and May 2022. Thematic analysis of the transcripts was informed by concepts of vulnerability. Results: The results suggest that PSWs experienced inherent, situational, and pathogenic vulnerability. Inherent vulnerability was experienced in relation to risks of contracting the coronavirus working in person with residents, and of experiencing physical and psychological distress in relation to challenging interactions with staff, residents and their superiors. Situational vulnerability was experienced in relation to demanding workloads, which were intensified in the context of the pandemic. Participants expressed feeling undervalued, unappreciated, and disrespected, reflecting experiences of pathogenic vulnerability. The narratives shared by PSWs highlighted how the COVID-19 pandemic added new, and magnified pre-existing, challenges and vulnerability, affecting their health and well-being. Conclusions: Understanding risks faced by PSWs in LTC settings is crucial for developing targeted interventions and policies to support PSWs' health and well-being, mitigate factors that contribute to their vulnerability and promote the long-term sustainability of this caregiving workforce, ultimately enhancing the quality of care provided to residents in LTC facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), including soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) and schistosomiasis, continue to impose a heavy burden, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and Uganda, despite being preventable. Integration of NTD management into primary healthcare has been inadequate. While researchers have explored community perspectives, there is a notable gap in understanding the viewpoints of healthcare workers (HCW), which is crucial for effective NTD control strategies. This study explores HCW' perspectives in Eastern Uganda, highlighting challenges in schistosomiasis and STH prevention and management. Methods In this qualitative descriptive study, we conducted semistructured interviews with 10 key informants who were HCW in Eastern Uganda with experience in managing STHs and schistosomiasis. Participants were selected purposively and interviewed through Zoom guided by a comprehensive interview guide. The data were transcribed, coded and analyzed thematically. Results We identified five key themes regarding the impact and management of NTDs: (i) the burden of NTDs, where schistosomiasis and STHs were notably prevalent among children and communities adjacent to water bodies; (ii) transmission of NTDs, emphasizing water bodies and poor sanitation as primary routes of disease spread; (iii) clinical manifestations of NTDs, detailing the symptomatic presentations that complicate diagnosis and management; (iv) challenges in managing and diagnosing NTDs, highlighting the shortages of essential medications and diagnostic tools, along with the under-prioritization of NTDs within healthcare systems; and (v) fatalities and complications arising from NTDs, reporting on the severe outcomes and under-reporting of deaths associated with NTDs due to misdiagnosis, delayed treatment and traditional healing preferences. Conclusion The interviewed Ugandan HCW demonstrated sufficient knowledge of schistosomiasis and STHs, but faced challenges due to inadequate diagnostic tools and medication shortages. The study underscores the need for NTD prioritization with direct funding and government involvement, alongside strategies that integrate continuous medical training, effective community outreach and an enhanced healthcare system response to reduce the burden of NTDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: One of the crises recently affecting human society is an emerging pandemic that has had a significant psychological impact on healthcare workers. Studies have shown that staff experience psychological disorders such as anxiety, depression, and insomnia when exposed to crises. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the association between health anxiety and the sleep quality of healthcare workers during crisis conditions. Methods: This cross-sectional, correlational descriptive-analytical study was conducted from late February 2019 to late March 2020. Using convenient sampling, 382 healthcare workers from medical universities in Golestan province participated in the survey. Data were collected via an internet link shared with participants through WhatsApp working groups. The instruments used in this research included demographic information, sleep quality, and health anxiety inventories. The data were analyzed using SPSS-21 with descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: Of the participants, 77.2% were women, 65.4% were single, 60.7% were nurses, and 64.4% had a bachelor's degree. The results revealed that 72.7% of the staff experienced moderate to high levels of anxiety. Regarding sleep quality, 28.3% (n = 108) of healthcare workers reported good sleep quality, while 71.7% (n = 274) reported poor sleep quality. Additionally, the results indicated a significant correlation between health anxiety scores and sleep quality scores (r = 0.129, P = 0.01). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the critical conditions caused by emerging diseases have led to health anxiety among healthcare workers, negatively affecting their sleep quality. Therefore, medical center officials must address such psychological issues and implement preventive measures to maintain the mental health of healthcare workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the challenging working conditions of healthcare workers (HCWs) in many regions. A considerable proportion of HCWs in Germany are migrants facing additional migration-related stressors. The aim of this cross-sectional web-based survey was to examine depressive and generalized anxiety symptoms among migrant and native HCWs in Germany during the pandemic. We compared 780 migrant (first- and second-generation) HCWs from different backgrounds with 6,407 native HCWs. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine associations between occupational and COVID-19 related variables, controlling for sociodemographics. Migrant HCWs from low-/middle-income countries more frequently had clinically relevant depressive symptoms (PHQ-2 ≥ 3) than did those from high-income countries (29.9% vs. 16.7%, p =.002, ϕ =.156) (all other ϕs/Cramer's V s ≤.036). There were no clinically relevant differences in anxiety levels (GAD-2 ≥ 3) between native vs. migrant HCWs, native vs. the individual migrant HCW groups, or between the sexes (all ϕs/Cramer's Vs ≤.036). After controlling for key sociodemographic characteristics, native HCWs did not differ from the individual migrant HCW groups on depression and anxiety severity (depression: all βs ≤ |.030|, anxiety: all βs ≤ |.014|). A high percentage of HCWs reported distress, with migrants from low-/middle-income countries reporting highest burden. The results indicate the need to establish prevention programmes for HCWs, with special consideration to vulnerable populations including certain migrant groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: The Essential Network (TEN) is a blended care mental health support service for Australian health professionals. We conducted a series of semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders and researchers to understand health professionals' needs, canvas suggested changes to TEN, and examine methods of improving service uptake. Method: Nine semi-structured individual or group interviews were conducted with 10 TEN stakeholders (external stakeholders) and eight interviews were conducted with 18 researchers or related roles with experience implementing or evaluating mental health services for health professionals (internal experts). De-identified transcripts were thematically analysed using an inductive and deductive approach. Results: Participants highlighted the need for confidentiality, with mandatory reporting concerns being a key barrier to health professionals engaging with mental health services. External stakeholders viewed digital services as advantageous due to accessibility and anonymity, although both groups noted that concerns around effectiveness were a barrier to engagement with digital services. Both groups agreed that peer endorsement was key to implementation. Conclusions: Digital services were viewed as promising, but best employed alongside person-to-person options in a blended care format. Services that address the unique workplace culture of healthcare, including stigma and systemic barriers to help-seeking, can create effective and scalable support for health professionals. Key Points: What is already known about this topic: (1) Health professionals are at a greater risk of poor mental health compared to the general public. (2) The COVID-19 pandemic has placed further strain upon health professionals, highlighting the need for more tailored mental health services. (3) Cultural and systemic issues exist within healthcare that act as barriers to help-seeking. What this topic adds: (1) Digital services were viewed as best employed alongside person-to-person services in a blended care format. (2) In addition to already established barriers, the volume of information health professionals receive may have obscured information about relevant support services. (3) Peer endorsement was seen as crucial to effectively driving the usage of mental health support services for health professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, both lives and livelihoods have been profoundly impacted, particularly in the healthcare sector. In Ghana, healthcare workers have faced an increased risk of contracting the virus and its potentially fatal consequences due to their close contact with infected patients, leading to significant mental and emotional distress. This study assesses the risk of exposure and the psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers at the primary level in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional design, collecting data from 97 healthcare workers in primary health facilities within the Greater Accra Region. Mental health conditions were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item, the Impact Event Scale 6-item and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale. To assess healthcare workers' risk of exposure to COVID-19, participants responded to a set of questions based on the WHO's cardinal symptoms of the virus. Data were analysed using STATA version 15, with results presented through frequencies, percentages, and both univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at 0.05, with 95% confidence intervals assessed. Results: Healthcare workers experienced an increased exposure to COVID-19 and were at risk (82.5%) of contracting the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet mental health issues were significantly improved except for depression (71.1%) among healthcare workers. Variables such as family avoidance (physical) (p < 0.01; p < 0.00), alcohol use (p < 0.02), and job categories (such as community health officers (CHOs) (p < 0.04), public health nurses (p < 0.00), and other categories (p < 0.03)) were significantly related to anxiety, depression, and stress among healthcare workers during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Family avoidance (physical) in particular was significant for both anxiety AOR = 8.17 and stress AOR = 25.71. Conclusion: The majority of healthcare workers experienced increased exposure to COVID-19 and were at risk of being infected by the COVID-19 virus. The health system must acknowledge the adverse psychological effects on primary healthcare workers and take practical measures to address them, such as ensuring the availability of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Highlights: Several studies have examined the mental health impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers, including some conducted in Ghana. However, there is limited information on primary healthcare workers, such as community health officers (CHOs), who conduct community outreach services as part of their responsibilities. The study's results can guide the development of targeted interventions and resources to address health workers' mental health needs, ultimately improving patient care and the healthcare system's resilience. The findings will inform policy decisions and enhance pandemic preparedness for future health crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]