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Copyright of Feed Industry is the property of Liaoning Provincial Institute of Agricultural Mechanization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Drynariae Rhizoma (DR) is a functional food and traditional medicine that has been widely used for bone and joint disorders for thousands of years. In this study, 14 compounds were isolated from DR, and their structures were identified using UPLC/QTOF–MS, UPLC–ESI/LTQ–Orbitrap–HRMS, and 2D NMR and compared with those obtained in previous studies. An HPLC–PDA multi-component simultaneous quantitative determination method was developed for 12 of the 14 DR-derived compounds, excluding compounds with a content <1.5 mg. The developed HPLC method was validated based on linearity (r2 ≥ 0.999), limit of detection (0.01–0.65 μg/mL), limit of quantification (0.04–1.97 μg/mL), intra-day precision and accuracy ranges (0.06–2.85% and 95.03–104.75%, respectively), and inter-day precision and accuracy ranges (0.24–2.83% and 95.75–105.75%, respectively). The developed analysis method improved the resolution of compounds 4 and 5. In addition, this is the first quantitative analysis of compounds 7, 8, and 11 and the first simultaneous quantitative analysis of 12 compounds, including compounds 4, 7, 8, 10, 11, and 14. This study developed a rapid, accurate, and economical HPLC method for performing the simultaneous quantitative analysis of 12 secondary metabolites isolated from DR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drynariae Rhizoma has been used to treat bone diseases and kidney deficiency in traditional medicine. Recently its aqueous extract was reported to enhance memory function. Although the Japanese standards for non-Pharmacopoeial crude drugs 2022 prescribed Drynaria roosii as the botanical origin, some counterfeits and both raw and stir-fired crude drugs are available in markets. To distinguish Drynariae Rhizoma derived from D. roosii appropriately from others and verify the validity of uses of stir-fried ones, 1H NMR-based metabolite profiling coupled with HPLC were performed. Raw samples derived from D. roosii contained naringin (1), neoeriocitrin (2), 5,7-dihydroxychromone-7-O-neohesperidoside (3), caffeic acid 4-O-β-d-glucoside (4), protocatechuic acid (5), trans-p-coumaric acid 4-O-β-d-glucoside (6), and kaempferol 3-O-α-l-rhamnoside 7-O-β-d-glucoside (8). Stir-fried samples were characterized by presence of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (13), and were divided into two types; one possessing similar composition to raw samples (Type I) and another without above components except 5 (Type II). Quantitative analyses using qHNMR and HPLC, followed by principal component analysis demonstrated that the raw samples had higher contents of 1 (0.93–9.86 mg/g), 2 (0.74–7.59 mg/g), 3 (0.05–2.48 mg/g), 4 (0.27–2.51 mg/g), 6 (0.14–1.26 mg/g), and 8 (0.04–0.52 mg/g), and Type II had a higher content of 5 (0.84–1.32 mg/g). The counterfeit samples derived from Araiostegia divaricata var. formosana were characterized by higher content of (−)-epicatechin 3-O-β-d-allopyranoside (10) (1.44–11.49 mg/g) without 1 and 2. These results suggested that Drynariae Rhizoma samples derived from other botanical origins and Type II stir-fried samples cannot substitute for D. roosii rhizome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: drynariae rhizoma; experimental assessment; gusuibu; large bone defects; network pharmacology EN drynariae rhizoma experimental assessment gusuibu large bone defects network pharmacology 1 4 4 07/28/21 20210723 NES 210723 In the original article, there was a mistake in the legend for B Figure 8 b and Figure 9 as published. The ALP activity at each time point of the control group, TFDR low dosage group, TFDR medium dosage group, and TFDR high dosage group. [Extracted from the article]

Drynariae Rhizoma (DR) has been demonstrated to be effective in promoting fracture healing in clinical use. In the study, we tried to predicate potential signaling pathways and active ingredients of DR via network pharmacology, uncover its regulation mechanism to improve large bone defects by in vivo and in vitro experiment. We total discovered 18 potential active ingredients such as flavonoids and 81 corresponding targets, in which mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway has the highest correlation with bone defects in pathway and functional enrichment analysis. Therefore, we hypothesized that flavonoids in DR improve large bone defects by activating MAPK signaling pathway. Animal experiments were carried out and all rats randomly divided into TFDR low, medium, and high dosage group, model group and control group. 12 weeks after treatment, according to X-ray and Micro-CT, TFDR medium dosage group significantly promote new bone mineralization compared with other groups. The results of HE and Masson staining and in vitro ALP level of BMSC also demonstrated the formation of bone matrix and mineralization in the TFDR groups. Also, angiographic imaging suggested that flavonoids in DR promoting angiogenesis in the defect area. Consistently, TFDR significantly enhanced the expression of BMP-2, RUNX-2, VEGF, HIF-1 in large bone defect rats based on ELISA and Real-Time PCR. Overall, we not only discover the active ingredients of DR in this study, but also explained how flavonoids in DR regulating MAPK signaling pathway to improve large bone defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis is the property of Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Drynariae Rhizoma is a kidney-tonifying herb that has a long history in clinical practice for the treatment of bone fractures and joint diseases in China. Flavonoids are considered to be its major active ingredients and are reported to ease bone loss in ovariectomized rats. However, the beneficial effects of the total flavonoids of Drynariae Rhizoma on osteoporosis caused by microgravity or mechanical inactivity remain unknown. This study assessed the effects of total Drynariae Rhizoma flavonoids (DRTF, Qihuang, Beijing, China, national medicine permit No. Z20030007, number of production: 04080081, content of DRTF _80%) against bone loss induced by simulated microgravity. A hindlimb unloading tail-suspended rat model was established to determine the effect of DRTF on bone mineral density (BMD), biomechanical strength and trabecular bone microarchitecture. Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: the baseline, control, hindlimb unloading with vehicle (HLU), and hindlimb unloading treated with DRTF (HLU-DRTF, 75 mg/kg/day) groups. Oral DRTF was administered for 4 weeks. The underlying mechanisms of the DRTF actions on disuse-induced osteoporosis are discussed. The results showed that DRTF treatment significantly increased the BMD and mechanical strength of tail-suspended rats. Enhanced bone turnover markers with HLU treatment were attenuated by DRTF administration. Deterioration of trabecular bone induced by HLU was prevented through elevated bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb. N), trabecular thickness (Tb. Th) and decreased trabecular separation (Tb. Sp). The present study provides the first evidence that DRTF prevents bone loss induced by HLU treatment, indicating its potential application in the treatment of disuse-induced osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effects of traditional Korean (Hanbang) medicine, Drynariae rhizoma (DR), on the protease activity of bone loss-initiation in rats and mice were investigated. Ethanol extracts-DR (EE-DR) and water extracts-DR (WE-DR) were identified as potent inhibitor of cathepsins K and L. The original WE-DR inhibits cathepsins K and L with IC50 values of 3.7 µg/ml and 4.5 µg/ml, respectively. EE-DR was more potent than that of WE-DR, because the inhibitions of cathepsin K and L increased to 0.5 µg/ml and 0.8 µg/ml, respectively. The FE-DR was proved to be the most potent. EE-DR was found to be a potent inhibitor of cathepsins K with a Ki value of 5.0 µg/ml for cathepsin K. The activity was increased by 10-fold when the assay is performed in the presence of glutathione at pH 7.0, which favors the formation of a GSH thiolate anion. Thus, it is suggested that this increase in potency is probably due to an enhanced chemical reactivity of the extract mixtures toward the thiolate of the active site of the enzyme. WE-DR exhibited time-dependent inhibition which allowed us to determine the association and dissociation rate constants with cathepsin K. Finally, EE-DR inhibits bone resorption in an in vitro assay involving mouse osteoclasts and bovine bone with an IC50 value of 70 µg/ml. WE-DR represents a new herbal formulation inhibiting cathepsin K and L activity and proteolysis of bone collagen. These results strongly suggest that DR is effective for preventing the development of bone loss induced by cathepsin K. This result also suggested that the DR is effective for bone resorptive action in bone cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]