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Copyright of Journal of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Information & Media is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims to analyze the meaning of signs related to political conflict between characters in sineprak "Satru Ing Ngepal" (SIN). The political conflicts between these figures will be analyzed for their meaning by relating them to the social-historical context of Indonesia in the New Order and Reformation Eras. The research uses a theatrical semiotic theory approach, dividing theatrical performances into 13 sign systems. Signs related to political conflict between figures will be analyzed denotatively and connotatively. The content analysis method from Kriipendorf was used to analyze the data. The results of this study indicate that Senopati's political conflict with Mangir semiotically refers to the meaning of the political conflict between the New Order and Reform rulers and the opposition. The enmity between Senopati, Juru Mertani, and Mangir refers to the meaning of the conflict between Wiranto and Prabowo Subianto. Pembayun's marriage to Mangir means Prabowo Subianto joining President Jokowi's government for 2019-2024. Pembayun's courage to fight for Mataram peace with Mangir's fief land refers to RA Kartini's emancipation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Neophilologica is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Slaskiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Językoznawstwo is the property of Akademii Humanistyczno-Ekonomicznej and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Alustath is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We investigate the use of an audit case study in developing students' understanding of the key concept 'material misstatement'. Using semantic differentials, we explore changes in connotative meaning (reflecting emotional reaction) of undergraduate students at an Australian university. Shifts in class perspective indicate students perceive the concept as more useful and less fluid after the case study. We contribute to the audit education literature by focusing on this complex concept and developing teaching methodologies to enhance students' learning. Results support inclusion of comprehensive case studies embedded with judgement and decision making, in accounting curricula to enhance understanding of complex concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Apuntes Universitarios: Revista de Investigación is the property of Universidad Peruana Union Filiar Tarapoto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of EAI Computing & Communication in Emerging Regions - CCER is the property of EAI - European Alliance for Innovation n.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polonica is the property of Instytut Jezyka Polskiego PAN and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims to explore how translators translate both the connotative and denotative meanings of nearsynonyms from the Quran into English language. The article will shed light on the phenomenon of near-synonymy, as well as its connotative and denotative meanings and how the translator's background could have influenced their translation. There has been a dearth of attention on the translation of near-synonyms in the Quran; accordingly, this study examines three pairs of near-synonyms from the Quran and their particular translations in the following three English translations of the Quran itself: 1) The Koran Interpreted by Arberry; 2) The Quran: A New Translation by Abdel Haleem; and 3) The Sublime Quran by Bakhtiar. These translations were chosen due to the significant differences in style and translators' backgrounds. The analysis aims to highlight the difference in meaning of each pair of near-synonyms by distinguishing both their connotative and denotative meanings. This will be followed by an examination of the translations to recognise whether the near-synonyms were accurately translated in these given instances or lost some, or even all, of their meaning during the translation process and discuss if translator's background could have influence on it. Based on the discussion and analysis of these examples, it is evident that all three translations failed to distinguish between the pair of near-synonyms and to capture the accurate meaning throughout the Quran, leading to a semantic void. It is similarly clear that the linguistic complexity of the Holy Quran has created a challenging mission for translators, which has ultimately led to loss of accuracy and meaning. The results have shown that each translator chose their own approach based on their translational goal or their educational and personal backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the meanings of the Qur'ānic near-synonyms اصراط al-ṣirāṭ and السبيل al-sabīl (the path) and their English translations. It aims to identify the contextual meanings of these near-synonyms based on the exegeses of the Holy Qur'ān. Then, it explains the differences in meaning between these near-synonyms and how such semantic differences are reflected in the English translations of the Holy Qur'ān. The RC-S approach by Murphy (2003) is adopted in this study as a theoretical framework for the analysis of data. The qualitative approach is also employed for collecting and analyzing the data of the study. Moreover, the exegeses of the Holy Qur'ān are consulted to find out the semantic differences between the selected near-synonyms. The results of the study reveal that there are some differences in the denotative and connotative meaning between the Qur'ānic near-synonyms and that the differences in meaning between both near-synonyms are not reflected in the English translations. The study provides recommendations for readers and translators especially the translators of the Holy Qur'ān. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with proper names in Polish phraseology and proverbiology. Proper names are analysed based on their connotative meaning as well as physical, intellectual, social, temperamental and other characteristics of the person denoted by the specific proper name. The study is conducted on the basis of phraseological and proverbiological evidence, taking into account the gender aspects of the analysed issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article devoted to the semantics of color epithets in the text of the Yakut heroic epic olonkho analysis, as well as to the peculiarities of their functioning in the epic text. An epithet, as an artistic and visual mean, has been attracting the interest of linguists since ancient times. Theoretical and methodological basis of the research consists of the works of A.N. Veselovsky, A.A. Potebnya, V.M. Zhirmunsky, V.Ya. Propp, S.Y. Neklyudov, S.L. Neveleva, as well as of the works of the Yakut scientists I.V. Pukhov, G.U. Ergis, P.A. Sleptsov, N.I. Filippova, V.V. Illarionov and other epics of the Russian Federation peoples researchers. The study of color epithets semantics and their functioning in the text of the Yakut heroic epic olonkho has the purpose of expanding linguistic knowledge about national-cultural specifics of the Yakuts, saved in the epic of olonkho. The relevance of this work lies in the fact that the subject of research - color epithets - is a significant part of the epithet layer in the olonkho text, thus, study of them contributes to a systematic analysis of the vocabulary of the Yakut heroic epic olonkho as a whole. Color epithets are a set of color adjectives "үрүҥ/маҥ(ҕ)ан" white, "хара" black, "кыhыл" red, "аалай" scarlet, "араҕас" yellow, "бороҥ" gray, "күөх" green/light blue/blue. The object of the research is based on the texts of academic editions of "Nyurgun Bootur the Swift" olonkho by K.G. Orosin, "Kyys Debiliye" olonkho by N.P. Burnashev, "Mighty Er Sogotokh" by V.O. Karataev and "Obstinate Kulun Kullustur" by I.G. Timofeev-Teploukhov. At the initial stage, in the paper used the methods of computer analysis for the selection of color epithets from the olonkho text array, further, to characterize the color epithets and the determined words - methods of dictionary definitions analysis, as well as methods of quantitative, descriptive, contextual and comparative analysis. As shown by the study, color epithets are used in the text of the Yakut olonkho in the description of literally all elements of the epic narrative: time, place, appearance, clothing of heroes, weapons of heroes, their emotions and magical properties. It is established that the informativeness of color epithets, inherent into the semantics of the word and revealed in the combinations of color epithets with determined words, is very large - they express the worldview of the Yakuts, their attitude to the world, their assessment of the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Eastern Liaoning University (Social Sciences) is the property of Department of Journal of Eastern Liaoning University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Slavistična Revija is the property of Slavisticno Drustvo Slovenije and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research has been worked upon analyzing the effect of cultural transfer of connotative meaning of vocabularies on Iranian EFL learners' reading comprehension. 100 participants took part in the study who were divided into 2 groups: experimental group in which the cultural transfer took place; and the control group in which the traditional teaching without mentioning cultural transfer occurred. It should be taken into consideration that both groups have been tested by the same taxt taken from TOEFL as a pre-test and a posttest. The obtained results were calculated and analyzed by statistical t-test, indicated that the learners had a better comprehensive performance in second language texts by using the cultural transfer of connotative meaning of vocabularies. Results indicated the outperformance of the experimental group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Successful management accounting communication requires that the parties involved have a mutual understanding of the terms employed. Connotative meaning, i.e., the personal way of seeing and stressing aspects of a term, is an important layer of meaning and, therefore, lacking consent on connotative meaning is a potential impediment to management accounting communication. The theory of linguistic relativity predicts that a person's cognitive style has an impact on how the connotative meaning of management accounting terms is perceived. In our paper, we assess this link as a possible impediment to successful management accounting communication. We rely on the semantic differential technique to assess the connotative dimensions of selected management accounting terms and use the Cognitive Style Index as an explanatory variable for these connotations. Data for our analysis were gathered from 216 management accounting students with different levels of accounting knowledge. We find empirical evidence that a person's cognitive style has an impact on the connotative meaning a person associates with management accounting terms. Additionally, we find that connotative meaning is also linked to the level of accounting knowledge. The contribution of our paper is twofold: First, we provide evidence for the link between cognition and connotative meaning in management accounting. Second, our research identifies diverging cognitive styles as a previously overlooked potential source of dysfunctional management accounting communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the role of the realities in the forming and functioning of extra linguistic motivation of the connotative meaning on the material of English phraseological units through the linguistic and cultural approach. The notion of the reality in the phraseological aspect is specified, in-depth study of the historical evolution of this linguistic phenomenon is carried out, and the realities are classified according to their denotative and connotative meaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Higher-pitched sounds are judged to be, among other things, sharper, harder, and brighter than lower-pitched sounds. Following Karwoski, Odbert, and Osgood (Journal of General Psychology 26:199-222, ), such cross-sensory correspondences are proposed to have a semantic basis, reflecting extensive bidirectional cross-activation among dimensions of connotative meaning. On this basis, the same core set of correspondences should emerge whichever sensory feature is used to probe it. More angular (sharper) shapes should, for example, be higher-pitched and have the same cross-sensory features as higher-pitched sounds. Experiments 1-3 employed a speeded classification task designed to reveal cross-sensory correspondences having a semantic basis. With words as to-be-classified stimuli and with shapes varying in angularity as concurrent incidental stimuli, congruity effects between angularity and each of hardness, pitch, and brightness were confirmed. Correspondences with a semantic basis need not be cross-modality in nature. Experiment 4 confirmed this by reproducing the brightness-angularity congruity effect when contrasting values for both features were encoded nonverbally within the visual modality. The varying nature and origins of cross-sensory correspondences and the basis on which they induce congruity effects in speeded classification are explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following Karwoski, Odbert, and Osgood (1942, Journal of General Psychology 26 199–222), it is proposed that cross-sensory correspondences can arise from extensive, bi-directional cross-activation between dimensions of connotative meaning. If this account is correct, the same set of cross-sensory correspondences (eg brightness with high pitch, high pitch with sharpness, smallness with brightness) should emerge regardless of the sensory channel (auditory, visual, or tactile) that is probed. To test this prediction, participants rated a range of auditory, visual, and tactile stimuli on a series of rating scales relating to different dimensions of connotative meaning. With only a few minor exceptions, the same set of cross-sensory correspondences emerged from all types of stimulus variation. This supports the suggestion that cross-sensory correspondences can reflect reciprocal interactions between dimensions of connotative meaning, and indicates that Spence's (2011, Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 73 971–995) theoretical framework might be usefully extended to include semantically-based correspondences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Research suggests that color appropriateness differs as a function of object type. Thus, a color may be perceived as appropriate for one product and inappropriate for another product. We argue that perceived appropriateness depends upon the congruity of the affective qualities of a color with those of the product. This assumption was addressed in two studies in which participants assigned the best matching color out of 13 Munsell colors to each of seven car types. Additionally, affective qualities of both colors and car types were measured on semantic differential scales. The first study showed that color appropriateness varied according to car type. As predicted, the affective qualities of the assigned colors tended to be congruent with the affective qualities of the car types. Affective congruity along the potency dimension of the semantic differential was of particular importance in explaining assignments of colors to car types. The second study was a replication of the first study but with a different sample. The results confirmed what we found in the first study. An interesting difference was, however, that activity (not potency) turned out to be the most important dimension of the semantic differential in explaining assignments of colors to car types. Implications for product development and marketing practice are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following Karwoski, Odbert, and Osgood (Journal of General Psychology 26:199-222, ), in the present article, cross-sensory correspondences are proposed to reflect the alignment of, and extensive bidirectional cross-activation among, dimensions of connotative meaning. The size-brightness correspondence predicted on this basis (in which smaller is aligned with brighter) was confirmed in two ways. First, when participants explored three wooden balls of different size by touch alone and indicated how bright they thought each of them was, the smaller ball was judged to be brighter than the bigger ball. Second, when these two balls served as response keys in a speeded brightness-classification task, participants were quicker and more likely to be correct when confirming that a stimulus was bright (dark) when this required them to press the smaller (bigger) key, than when it required them to press the bigger (smaller) key. This congruity effect originated from interactions embedded in the later stages of information processing concerned with stimulus classification and response selection. These results, together with the observation that the cross-sensory features associated with smallness are the same as those associated with higher pitch sounds (i.e., both attributes are more active, brighter, faster, lighter in weight, quieter, sharper, and weaker than their opposites), support the suggestion that there exists a core set of cross-sensory correspondences that emerges whichever stimulus feature is used to probe it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact on communication of changes in an accounting standard arising from the transition to International Financial Reporting Standards. It investigates inter and intragroup differences in measured connotative meaning of the old and new definitions of "cash", as held by three key groups of parties to the accounting communication process (preparers, auditors and users); and determines the effect of changes in connotative meaning on decision behaviour (outcomes). Design/methodology/approach – The study adopted a between-participants 2x3 factorial design whereby the first factor reflected the definition type: old vs new definition of the concept "cash"; while the second reflected three financial reporting groups: preparers, auditors and users. The semantic differential technique developed by Osgood, Suci and Tannenbaum was used to measure connotative meaning. Findings – The study finds that the three financial reporting groups do not share the same meaning of the concept "cash" and that the introduction of the new definition has changed the interpreted connotative meaning for these three groups. A link between measured meaning and the decisions made by the participants was also established. Research limitations/implications – The explanatory power of the typical three (evaluative, potency and activity) factor structure should be acknowledged; these factors typically explain 50 per cent of the total phenomena known as "meaning". The study's findings make an important contribution to the earnings management and creative accounting literature. Practical implications – The findings are particularly relevant to standard-setters and regulators as a lack of shared meaning may lead to unnecessary misunderstandings and tensions among the many parties to the reporting process. Originality/value – The study extends prior measurement of meaning studies in accounting through first, the inclusion of all three major groups of parties to the accounting communication process; second, examination of an accounting concept which is defined differently by two accounting standards in the same jurisdiction; and last, investigation of the impact on decision behaviour (outcomes) resulting from changes in meaning brought about through the introduction of a new standard across the three groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Man & the Word / Zmogus ir zodis is the property of Vytautas Magnus University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explores the role that color can play in building brand meaning with two experiments. Without prior conditioning, we demonstrate how an appropriately chosen color for a brand name (logo) can bring inherent and immediate value to a brand. Experiment 1 explores the notion of congruity, showing that it is more appropriate for functional products to be presented in functional colors, and sensory-social products in sensory-social colors. Experiment 2 examines the effect of red and blue on brands of products that can be classified as both functional and sensory-social, and the ability of color to enhance a brand's desired image. When people know how brands are attempting to position themselves, people consider colors congruent with those positions to be more appropriate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Man & the Word / Zmogus ir zodis is the property of Vytautas Magnus University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Generally translation is a difficult task, especially if it is the translation of cultural texts. This complexity is due to culture-bound words in general and to gnostic words in particular. In the foregoing research, the researcher had two main objectives. First the translation of culture-bound words in Pazargadi's translation of Hafiz's poems was inspected in order to find out the extent to which the translator has been successful in conveying connotative meaning of gnostic words to the target language readers. The second purpose was to figure out the extent to which the translator has done his translation successfully and effectively. In essence, using some translation principles, the translator has conveyed a small part of the hidden connotative meanings of the culture-bound words .Clearly he has not been fully successful in this procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to G. Leech's classification of meaning, the denotative meaning of a word is different from its connotative one. The denotation of a linguistic sign may be the same in different languages, but their connotations may be quite different. The paper makes a contrastive analysis of the connotative meaning of linguistic signs in English and Chinese, such as Color terms, Kinship terms, Animal-related Words and Euphemisms. It also discusses the reason for the differences between the two languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a speeded classification task, Walker and Walker (2012) demonstrated a cross-sensory correspondence between haptic size and surface brightness. Specifically, adult participants classified bright (dark) visual stimuli more quickly and accurately when this required them to press the smaller (bigger) of two response keys which were always hidden from view. The nature of the correspondence (i.e., small being aligned with bright), along with various aspects of the task situation, indicated that the congruity effect originated at later stages of information processing concerned with the semantic classification of stimuli and response selection. The study reported here provides additional evidence for the involvement of semantic coding. When the names of bright (white) edible substances (e.g., flour) and dark (black) inedible substances (e.g., soot) were classified according to their surface brightness, the same size–brightness congruity effect was observed. However, when the basis for classification of the substances was switched to their edibility, the congruity effect disappeared. It is therefore proposed that congruity effects based on cross-sensory correspondences can reflect interactions between the connotative meanings of elementary stimulus features (cf. Karwoski et al. , 1942). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following Karwoski et al. (1942), it is proposed that cross-sensory correspondences can arise from extensive, bidirectional cross-activation between dimensions of connotative meaning. If this account is correct, the same set of cross-sensory correspondences (e.g., smallness with brightness, brightness with high pitch, high pitch with sharpness) should emerge regardless of the sensory channel (visual, auditory or tactile) that is probed. To test this prediction, participants rated a range of visual, auditory, and tactile stimuli on a series of rating scales relating to different dimensions of connotative meaning. The same set of cross-sensory correspondences emerged from all types of stimulus variation. This supports the suggestion that cross-sensory correspondences can reflect reciprocal interactions between dimensions of connotative meaning, and indicates that Spence's (2011) theoretical framework might be usefully extended to include semantically-based correspondences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]