1,271 results on '"Zhao Fei"'
Search Results
2. Distributed Multi-Sensor Fusion for Multi-Group/Extended Target Tracking with Different Limited Fields of View.
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Xiong, Chao, Hu, Moufa, Lu, Huanzhang, and Zhao, Fei
- Abstract
The identification of sensing group targets and extended targets is of paramount importance in the context of vehicle tracking and early warning detection. As the scope of target monitoring and tracking extends, conventional single-sensor-based tracking techniques are proving to be inadequate in meeting the practical demands of the field. Consequently, multi-sensor fusion tracking technology has emerged as a viable alternative. However, the use of multiple sensors is constrained by their limited fields of view (FOVs), which leads to issues such as the loss of target detection and the introduction of false targets after fusion. Hence, this study proposes a combination of weighted geometric averaging (WGA) and weighted arithmetic averaging (WAA) methods to solve distributed multi-group/extended target tracking with different fields of view. Specifically, a local Poisson multi-Bernoulli mixture (PMBM) filter was first used on individual sensors. Subsequently, we combined a sequential fusion technique and the proposed fusion approach to fuse the PMBM filter densities. The efficacy and superiority of this approach were demonstrated through simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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3. Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes for patients with CLL using the Australian pharmaceutical benefits scheme (PBS) dataset.
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Tam, Constantine, Zhao, Fei-Li, Azam, Safee, Li, Shu Chuen, and Tang, Boxiong
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This real-world retrospective cohort study using Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) 10% investigated changes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) treatment by line of therapy, time-to-next-treatment, treatment duration, and overall survival (OS). Overall, 803 patients received their first PBS-reimbursed CLL medication between 1 January 2011 to 31 July 2021 (median age: 70 years; 64.6% male), 289 post-1 August 2020. In 2011, most first-line (1 L) prescribing was fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR). By 2021, common 1L were chlorambucil ± CD20 (26.1%), Bruton Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor (BTKi) (26.1%), and CD20 monotherapy (23.9%). In 2011, relapsed/refractory (R/R) CLL treatment was CD20 monotherapy or FCR. By 2021, BTKi (57.7%) and venetoclax ± CD20 (26.1%) were most common. Compared to FCR, 1 L treatment duration (Hazard Ratio) was shorter for CD20 monotherapy (1.7) or chlorambucil ± CD20 (2.5). In R/R CLL, median duration was 24 (ibrutinib) and 19 months (venetoclax). Median OS was 127 months. CLLtreatment pattern shave greatly changed in Australia since the introduction of novel therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. Solute structure effect on polycyclic aromatics separation from fuel oil: Molecular mechanism and experimental insights.
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Liu, Qinghua, Zhu, Ruisong, Zhao, Fei, Song, Minghao, Gui, Chengmin, Yang, Shengchao, Lei, Zhigang, and Li, Guoxuan
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PETROLEUM as fuel ,MOLECULAR dynamics ,QUANTUM chemistry ,AROMATIC compounds ,QUANTUM theory - Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are promising solvents for separating aromatics from fuel oils. However, studies for separate polycyclic aromatics with ILs are rare and insufficient, and the impact of solute structure on extraction performance still needs to be determined. In this work, we use 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis([trifluoromethyl]sulfonyl)imide ([EMIM][NTF2]) as an extractant to separate 1‐methylnaphthalene, quinoline, and benzothiophene from dodecane mixtures. Liquid–liquid equilibrium experiments identified the optimal operating conditions. Nine solute molecules, including five alkanes and four aromatic hydrocarbons, were used to study the relationship between extraction performance and solute structure. Molecular dynamics simulation and quantum chemistry calculations gave a deep insight and reasonable interpretation of the structure‐performance relationship at the molecular level. An industrial‐scale extraction process was proposed. The IL can be easily regenerated using heptane as a back‐extractive solvent. A high‐purity fuel oil with aromatic content below 0.5 wt% is obtained after 8‐stage extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. A novel viscoelastic constitutive model of multi-shape memory polymer.
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Zhao, Fei, Zhou, Bo, Zhu, Xiuxing, and Wang, Haijing
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LEVEL set methods ,MEMORY ,POLYMERS - Abstract
In this paper, a novel viscoelastic constitutive model which can reflect the phase transformation mechanism of multi-shape memory polymer (M-SMP) is established. In this model, M-SMP is regarded as an inhomogeneous body composed of different phases, and the rheological representations of each phase are established based on the viscoelastic mechanics theory. Combined with the level set method, the conversion relationships of each adjacent two phases of M-SMP are established, and then the relationships between each phase are obtained. The constitutive model is used to simulate the thermodynamic behavior of dual-shape memory polymer (D-SMP) and triple-shape memory polymer (T-SMP), and the simulation results are compared with the experimental results and models of relevant literature. Meanwhile, the shape memory behaviors under different correlation rates are studied and analyzed considering the influence of rate correlation. The results show that the model can describe the thermodynamic behavior of M-SMP more accurately and effectively, and in shape memory process of M-SMP, there is a strong rate correlation here. The model can provide a theoretical basis for the engineering application of M-SMP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. Ecological vulnerability assessment and spatial-temporal variations analysis in typical ecologically vulnerable areas of China.
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Xu, Min, Cao, Chunxiang, Zhong, Shaobo, Yang, Xinwei, Bashir, Barjeece, Wang, Kaiming, Guo, Heyi, Gao, Xiaotong, Li, Jingbo, Yang, Yujie, Li, Jialin, and Zhao, Fei
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ECOLOGICAL assessment ,REMOTE sensing ,RESTORATION ecology ,ENVIRONMENTAL protection ,ECOSYSTEMS - Abstract
Ecological vulnerability assessment is crucial for environment protection, ecological restoration and resource utilization. However, many former studies have limitations in the indicator system of the assessment, which were not comparable for different types of ecologically vulnerable areas. It is difficult to apply directly to the ecological vulnerability assessment of different types and in various regions. Aiming to solve these problems, the study proposed a well-established and comprehensive indicator system for ecological vulnerability assessment and conducted ecological vulnerability assessment application of five types of typical ecologically vulnerable areas of China based on remote sensing, meteorological, geographic and other data. The results show that the average EVIs value of Zhangbei County ranging from 0.525 to 0.559 are the highest among the five research areas during the four periods, followed by Zoige region and Xiamen bay. However, the region with the lowest average EVI value varies. In 2005 and 2015, it was Taihe County, while in 2010 and 2020, it was the Sanjiangyuan region. The variation of average EVIs in the five typical areas presents slight fluctuation and remains generally stable from 2005 to 2020. It indicates that the environmental protection measures and projects undertaken by the Chinese government in recent years have had a striking effect, curbing the trend of ecological environment deterioration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Time Series Prediction of Gas Emission in Coal Mining Face Based on Optimized Variational Mode Decomposition and SSA-LSTM.
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Zhang, Jingzhao, Cui, Yuxin, Yan, Zhenguo, Huang, Yuxin, Zhang, Chenyu, Zhang, Jinlong, Guo, Jiantao, and Zhao, Fei
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KRIGING ,COAL mining ,SEARCH algorithms ,GENETIC algorithms ,PREDICTION models - Abstract
The accurate prediction of gas emissions has important guiding significance for the prevention and control of gas disasters in order to further improve the prediction accuracy of gas emissions in the mining face. According to the absolute gas emission monitoring data of the 1417 working face in a coal mine in Shaanxi Province, a GA-VMD-SSA-LSTM gas emission prediction model (GVSL) based on genetic algorithm (GA)-optimized variational mode decomposition (VMD) and sparrow search algorithm (SSA)-optimized long short-term memory (LSTM) is proposed. Firstly, a VMD evaluation standard for evaluating the amount of decomposition loss is proposed. Under this standard, the GA is used to find the optimal parameters of the VMD. Then, the SSA is used to optimize the key parameters of the LSTM to establish a GVSL prediction model. The model predicts each component and finally superimposes the prediction results for each component to obtain the final gas emission result. The results show that the accuracy of the evaluation indexes of the GVSL model and VMD-LSTM model, as well as the SSA-LSTM model and Gaussian process regression (GPR) model, are compared and analyzed horizontally and vertically under three scenarios with prediction sets of 121,94 and 57 groups. The GVSL model has the best prediction effect, and its fitting degree R2 values are 0.95, 0.96, and 0.99, which confirms the effectiveness of the proposed GVSL model for the time series prediction of gas emission in the mining face. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Effect of Cooling Rate on Inclusions, Primary Carbides, and Microstructure in Rare-Earth H13 Steel.
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Wang, Jingfeng, Li, Junqi, Wang, Linzhu, Chen, Chaoyi, Wang, Xiang, and Zhao, Fei
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DENDRITES ,PHASE equilibrium ,PHASE diagrams ,STEEL ,FLOTATION - Abstract
To enhance the performance of H13 steel, the effects of the cooling rate on the inclusions, primary carbides, and microstructure in rare-earth H13 steel were investigated. Various remelting experiments on rare-earth H13 steel were conducted. The evolution of inclusions was demonstrated to be Ce–O–S, Ce–O, and Ce–O–As → Ce–O–S → Ce–Al–O, and Al
2 O3 , which could be attributed to the increase in Al elements, decomposition, and flotation of inclusions. The type of primary carbides remained unchanged, but their number increased considerably and their size decreased as the cooling rate increased. The secondary dendrite arm spacing was reduced with a faster cooling rate and was shown to be 7.35 ±2.04 μm; the size of austenite was also reduced. The relationship between secondary dendrite arm spacing and cooling rate was λ= 238.62 × Rc –0.438 . The segregation ratio of the alloying elements was estimated based on the Clyne–Kurz model, which indicated that Mo had the highest segregation ratio, followed by V, C, and Cr. The cooling rate increased the segregation ratios of Mo, V, and Cr but had a minimal effect on that of C. The equilibrium phase diagram of rare-earth H13 steel was obtained based on Thermo-Calc software, which was consistent with the experimental results. The study provides theoretical insights for controlling the inclusions, primary carbides, and microstructure in steel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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9. The Effect of Shot Blasting Abrasive Particles on the Microstructure of Thermal Barrier Coatings Containing Ni-Based Superalloy.
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Lai, Jianping, Shen, Xin, Yuan, Xiaohu, Li, Dingjun, Gong, Xiufang, Zhao, Fei, Liao, Xiaobo, and Yu, Jiaxin
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METALLIC bonds ,SUBSTRATES (Materials science) ,METAL coating ,THERMAL shock ,ABRASIVE blasting ,THERMAL barrier coatings - Abstract
Grit particles remaining on the substrate surface after grit blasting are generally considered to impair the thermal performance of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). However, the specific mechanisms by which these particles degrade the multilayer structure of TBCs during thermal cycling have not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, the superalloy substrate was grit-blasted using various processing parameters, followed by the deposition of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) consisting of a metallic bond coat (BC) and a ceramic top coat (TC). After thermal shock tests, local thinning or discontinuities in the thermally grown oxide (TGO) layer were observed in TBCs where large grit particles were embedded at the BC/substrate interface. Moreover, cracks originated at the concave positions of the TGO layer and propagated vertically towards BC; these cracks may be associated with additional stress imposed by the foreign grit particles during thermal cycling. At the BC/substrate interface, crack origins were observed in the vicinity of large grit particles (~50 μm). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. Perioperative toripalimab plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy might improve outcomes in resectable esophageal cancer: an interim analysis of a phase III randomized clinical trial.
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Zheng, Yan, Liang, Guanghui, Yuan, Dongfeng, Liu, Xianben, Ba, Yufeng, Qin, Zimin, Shen, Sining, Li, Zhenxuan, Sun, Haibo, Liu, Baoxing, Gao, Quanli, Li, Peng, Wang, Zongfei, Liu, Shilei, Zhu, Jianping, Wang, Haoran, Ma, Haibo, Liu, Zhenzhen, Zhao, Fei, and Zhang, Jun
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- 2024
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11. Influence of Acetylene Concentration on N 2 O and N 2 Emissions from an Intensive Vegetable Soil under Anoxic and Oxic Conditions.
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Cao, Wenchao, Zhang, Runzhi, Li, Yanqing, Pan, Haoqin, Zhao, Fei, Wang, Cuicui, Xin, Shuo, Li, Dong, Gao, Ziyu, and Wang, Yajing
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POTTING soils ,GRAIN yields ,LEAD in soils ,NITROUS oxide ,DENITRIFICATION - Abstract
Acetylene (C
2 H2 ) is often employed to assess soil total denitrification (N2 O + N2 ) due to its ease of implementation. However, this technique underestimates soil denitrification in soils with low nutrient contents, particularly those supporting grain yields. To our knowledge, there are limited studies that have specifically investigated the impact of C2 H2 on nutrient-rich vegetable soils, especially concerning the emissions of N2 and N2 O and the nitrogenous gas product ratio (i.e., N2 O/(N2 O + N2 )). In this study, we conducted both anoxic and oxic incubations at various C2 H2 concentrations (0%, 0.01%, and 10%, v/v) and utilized a robotized sampling and analysis system to quantify soil N2 , N2 O, and CO2 emissions. Our findings revealed that the cumulative N2 O production in soil treated with 10%C2 H2 was significantly lower than that in soil treated with 0.01%C2 H2 and soil without C2 H2 . Contrarily, high concentrations of C2 H2 (10%, v/v) led to increased N2 production. Similar trends were observed under oxic conditions, where 10%C2 H2 concentration did not enhance N2 O production but markedly increased N2 and CO2 emissions. Moreover, the N2 O/(N2 O + N2 ) product ratio was notably higher in soils treated with 0%C2 H2 compared to the 10%C2 H2 treatment under anoxic conditions. These findings indicate that high concentrations of acetylene could facilitate the reduction of N2 O to N2 and lead to underestimated soil total denitrification in vegetable soil, regardless of anoxic or oxic conditions. This discovery underscores the drawbacks when employing high concentrations of acetylene to evaluate actual total denitrification in intensive greenhouse vegetable soils, highlighting the necessity for further investigation into alternative methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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12. Facilitating integrative and personalized oncology omics analysis with UCSCXenaShiny.
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Li, Shensuo, Peng, Yuzhong, Chen, Minjun, Zhao, Yankun, Xiong, Yi, Li, Jianfeng, Luo, Peng, Wang, Haitao, Zhao, Fei, Zhao, Qi, Cui, Yanru, Chen, Sujun, Zhou, Jian-Guo, and Wang, Shixiang
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WEB-based user interfaces ,MULTIOMICS ,CELL lines ,SELF-efficacy ,CANCER cells - Abstract
The continuous generation of multi-omics and phenotype data is propelling advancements in precision oncology. UCSCXenaShiny was developed as an interactive tool for exploring thousands of cancer datasets available on UCSC Xena. However, its capacity for comprehensive and personalized pan-cancer data analysis is being challenged by the growing demands. Here, we introduce UCSCXenaShiny v2, a milestone update through a variety of improvements. Firstly, by integrating multidimensional data and implementing adaptable sample settings, we create a suite of robust TPC (TCGA, PCAWG, CCLE) analysis pipelines. These pipelines empower users to conduct in-depth analyses of correlation, comparison, and survival in three modes: Individual, Pan-cancer and Batch screen. Additionally, the tool includes download interfaces that enable users to access diverse data and outcomes, several features also facilitate the joint analysis of drug sensitivity and multi-omics of cancer cell lines. UCSCXenaShiny v2 is an open-source R package and a web application, freely accessible at https://github.com/openbiox/UCSCXenaShiny. UCSCXenaShiny integrates multidimensional data for robust and personalized pan-cancer analysis pipelines, enabling in-depth cancer data exploration in diverse scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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13. Influence of different cleaning methods on the concentration of airborne endotoxins and microbial aerosols in the oral clinical environment.
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Du, Yaru, Tao, Ran, Shi, Meiling, Liu, Bing, and Zhao, Fei
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INDOOR air pollution prevention ,STERILIZATION equipment ,ORAL microbiology ,ENDOTOXIN analysis ,CROSS infection prevention ,INFECTION control ,T-test (Statistics) ,MICROBIAL contamination ,RESEARCH funding ,AEROSOLS ,STATISTICAL sampling ,AIR microbiology ,ORAL hygiene ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,MEDICAL suction ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,STERILIZATION (Disinfection) ,PRE-tests & post-tests ,COLLECTION & preservation of biological specimens ,DENTAL facilities ,TIME ,ORAL health - Abstract
Aim: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of various cleaning methods in reducing airborne endotoxin and microbial aerosols during oral cleaning procedures. Method: Forty patients undergoing oral cleaning procedures were randomly assigned to one of four groups (n = 10 per group). Group A received strong suction alone; Group B received strong suction combined with an air disinfection machine; Group C received strong suction combined with a dental electric suction machine; Group D received strong suction in conjunction with both an air disinfection machine and a dental electric suction machine. Airborne aerosol concentrations were assessed at four-time points: before treatment, 30 min into treatment, immediately after treatment, and 60 min after treatment ended. Samples were collected at distances of 20 cm, 60 cm, and 1 m from the patient's oral cavity using the natural sedimentation method. T-test was used to evaluate the difference among tested groups. Results: Airborne endotoxins and microbial aerosols levels increased significantly during treatment, with the highest levels observed at 20 cm from the patient's mouth. During treatment, groups with additional cleaning methods (Groups B, C, and D) exhibited higher levels of airborne endotoxins and microbial aerosols compared to Group A (strong suction alone). However, post-treatment analysis revealed that Group D demonstrated the lowest level of airborne endotoxins and microbial aerosols, while Group A exhibited the highest. Conclusions: Implementing effective aerosol management strategies can significantly reduce aerosol dispersion in the oral clinical environment. Continuous monitoring aerosol concentrations and the application of appropriate control measures are essential for minimizing infection risks for both patients and healthcare providers during oral cleaning procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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14. N‐Heterocyclic Carbene/Transition Metal Dual Catalysis.
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Zhang, Zhao‐Fei, Zhang, Chun‐Lin, and Ye, Song
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ORGANIC chemistry ,TRANSITION metals ,ORGANOCATALYSIS ,SUBSTRATES (Materials science) ,CATALYSIS - Abstract
N‐heterocyclic carbene catalysis has been developed as a versatile method for the enantioselective synthesis of complex organic molecules in organic chemistry. Merging of N‐heterocyclic carbene catalysis with transition metal catalysis holds the potential to achieve unprecedented transformations with broad substrate scope and excellent stereoselectivity, which are unfeasible with individual catalyst. Thus, this dual catalysis has attracted increasing attention, and numerous elegant dual catalytic systems have been established. In this review, we summarize the recent achievements of dual NHC/transition metal catalysis, including the reaction design, mechanistic studies and practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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15. ENL reads histone β-hydroxybutyrylation to modulate gene transcription.
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Chen, Chen, Chen, Cong, Wang, Aiyuan, Jiang, Zixin, Zhao, Fei, Li, Yanan, Han, Yue, Niu, Ziping, Tian, Shanshan, Bai, Xue, Zhang, Kai, and Zhai, Guijin
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- 2024
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16. Developing a Multifunctional Cathode for Photoassisted Lithium–Sulfur Battery.
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Zhao, Fei, Yang, Ke, Liu, Yuxin, Li, Juan, Li, Chan, Xu, Xinwu, and He, Yibo
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CARBON fibers ,SOLAR energy ,SOLAR cells ,STORAGE batteries ,CHEMICAL kinetics ,LITHIUM sulfur batteries - Abstract
Integration of solar cell and secondary battery cannot only promote solar energy application but also improve the electrochemical performance of battery. Lithium–sulfur battery (LSB) is an ideal candidate for photoassisted batteries owing to its high theoretical capacity. Unfortunately, the researches related the combination of solar energy and LSB are relatively lacking. Herein, a freestanding photoelectrode is developed for photoassisted lithium–sulfur battery (PALSB) by constructing a heterogeneous structured Au@N‐TiO2 on carbon cloths (Au@N‐TiO2/CC), which combines multiple advantages. The Au@N‐TiO2/CC photoelectrode can produce the photoelectrons to facilitate sulfur reduction during discharge process, while generating holes to accelerate sulfur evolution during charge process, improving the kinetics of electrochemical reactions. Meanwhile, Au@N–TiO2/CC can work as an electrocatalyst to promote the conversion of intermediate polysulfides during charge/discharge process, mitigating induced side reactions. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of electrocatalysis and photocatalysis, PALSB assembled with an Au@N‐TiO2/CC photoelectrode obtains ultrahigh specific capacity, excellent rate performance, and outstanding cycling performance. What is more, the Au@N‐TiO2/CC assembled PALSB can be directly charged under light illumination. This work not only expands the application of solar energy but also provides a new insight to develop advanced LSBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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17. Classification of ossicular fixation based on a computational simulation of ossicular mobility.
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Lee, Sinyoung, You, Hyeonsik, Morita, Yoji, Kanzaki, Sho, Zhao, Fei, and Koike, Takuji
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EAR ossicles ,CONDUCTIVE hearing loss ,MIDDLE ear ,CLUSTER analysis (Statistics) ,TEMPORAL bone ,OTOSCLEROSIS - Abstract
Ossicular fixation disturbs the mobility of the ossicular chain and causes conductive hearing loss. To diagnose the lesion area, otologists typically assess ossicular mobility through intraoperative palpation. Quantification of ossicular mobility and evidence-based diagnostic criteria are necessary for accurate assessment of each pathology, because diagnosis via palpation can rely on the surgeons' experiences and skills. In this study, ossicular mobilities were simulated in 92 pathological cases of ossicular fixation as compliances using a finite-element (FE) model of the human middle ear. The validity of the ossicular mobilities obtained from the FE model was verified by comparison with measurements of ossicular mobilities in cadavers using our newly developed intraoperative ossicular mobility measurement system. The fixation-induced changes in hearing were validated by comparison with changes in the stapedial velocities obtained from the FE model with measurements reported in patients and in temporal bones. The 92 cases were classified into four groups by conducting a cluster analysis based on the simulated ossicular compliances. Most importantly, the cases of combined fixation of the malleus and/or the incus with otosclerosis were classified into two different surgical procedure groups by degree of fixation, i.e., malleo-stapedotomy and stapedotomy. These results suggest that pathological characteristics can be detected using quantitatively measured ossicular compliances followed by cluster analysis, and therefore, an effective diagnosis of ossicular fixation is achievable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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18. Atypical artificial cells: Novel biomimetic materials for combating cancer.
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Ren, Zhao‐yang, Wan, Qian‐qian, Zhu, Yi‐na, Li, Ling, Wang, Kai‐yan, Zhao, Fei, Jiao, Kai, Tang, Michelle, Tay, Franklin, Wan, Mei‐chen, and Niu, Li‐na
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- 2024
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19. A New Strategy for Ultrasensitive Detection Based on Target microRNA-Triggered Rolling Circle Amplification in the Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease.
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Zhao, Fei, Zhang, Na, and Zhang, Yi
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ALZHEIMER'S disease ,GRAPHENE oxide ,DETECTION limit ,EARLY diagnosis ,MICRORNA ,EXONUCLEASES - Abstract
There is an urgent need to accurately quantify microRNA (miRNA)-based Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers, which have emerged as promising diagnostic biomarkers. In this study, we present a rapid and universal approach to establishing a target miRNA-triggered rolling circle amplification (RCA) detection strategy, which achieves ultrasensitive detection of several targets, including miR-let7a-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-206-3p, miR-9-5p, miR-132-3p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-21-5p. Herein, the padlock probe contains three repeated signal strand binding regions and a target miRNA-specific region. The target miRNA-specific region captures miRNA, and then the padlock probe is circularized with the addition of T4 DNA ligase. Subsequently, an RCA reaction is triggered, and RCA products containing multiple signal strand binding regions are generated to trap abundant fluorescein-labeled signal strands. The addition of exonuclease III (Exo III) causes signal strand digestion and leads to RCA product recycling and liberation of fluorescein. Ultimately, graphene oxide (GO) does not absorb the liberated fluorescein because of poor mutual interaction. This method exhibited high specificity, sensitivity, repeatability, and stability toward let-7a, with a detection limit of 19.35 fM and a linear range of 50 fM to 5 nM. Moreover, it showed excellent applicability for recovering miRNAs in normal human serum. Our strategy was applied to detect miRNAs in the plasma of APP/PS1 mice, demonstrating its potential in the diagnosis of miRNA-associated disease and biochemical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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20. Complete mitochondrial genome of Rhopalosiphum maidis (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and its phylogenetic implications.
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Zhang, Miao, Kang, Chen, Xing, Kun, and Zhao, Fei
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MITOCHONDRIAL DNA ,RHOPALOSIPHUM ,TRANSFER RNA ,VIRUS diseases ,VIRAL transmission ,CIRCULAR RNA - Abstract
Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch, 1856 is widespread in tropical and temperate regions. R. maidis can spread viral diseases in maize and harm various important crops. In the present study, we report the first complete mitochondrial genome of R. maidis. The circular genome is found to be 17,021 bp in length, includes a standard set of 22 transfer RNAs, two ribosomal RNAs, 13 protein-coding genes, and two non-coding control regions. The base composition is 84.32% AT and 15.79% GC. The phylogenetic tree of the 17 Aphidini families constructed based on the nucleotide sequences of complete mitochondrial genomes strongly supports the conclusion that R. maidis is closely related to R. rufiabdominalis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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21. Inadequate Evidence for Acupuncture as an Alternative or Adjunct to Antidepressants/Psychotherapy for Postpartum Depression: A Bayesian Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
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Zhao, Fei-Yi, Li, Li, Xu, Peijie, Zhang, Wen-Jing, Kennedy, Gerard A, Zheng, Zhen, Wang, Yan-Mei, Yue, Li-Ping, Ho, Yuen-Shan, Fu, Qiang-Qiang, and Conduit, Russell
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PSYCHOTHERAPY ,EDINBURGH Postnatal Depression Scale ,COGNITIVE therapy ,INTERPERSONAL psychotherapy ,MENTAL illness treatment - Abstract
Background: Acupuncture is popular in the treatment of mental illness. This study determined its feasibility and role in managing postpartum depression (PPD) using a network meta-analysis. Methods: We systematically searched seven databases up to May 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) appraising acupuncture's efficacy and safety against waitlist-control, placebo, standard control, or as an add-on treatment. Cochrane criteria were followed. Results: Thirteen studies encompassing 872 participants underwent analysis. Both pairwise and network meta-analysis indicated that acupuncture, psychotherapy, and antidepressants were comparable in clinical efficacy rate and in reducing Hamilton Depression Scale and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores. Acupuncture and psychotherapy also effectively mitigated concurrent anxiety symptoms. Combining acupuncture with antidepressants augmented therapeutic efficacy and reduced reported gastrointestinal adverse effects associated with antidepressant use. Acupuncture combined with psychotherapy offered similar benefits with superior safety profile. However, the quality of evidence ranged from very low to low due to significant risks of bias and limited sample sizes. The efficacy of psychotherapy and the combination of acupuncture and psychotherapy might be underestimated, as most RCTs used supportive therapy or individual counseling as positive controls instead of recommended approaches like interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) per PPD guidelines. Conclusion: Current evidence precludes strong recommendations of administering acupuncture in PPD. Rigorous RCTs are essential to validate promising outcomes observed in comparisons between acupuncture, antidepressants, and their combined application. It remains inconclusive whether acupuncture's antidepressive effect is specific or non-specific. Given that psychotherapy is a recommended first-line treatment, investigating the potential efficacy enhancement of combining acupuncture with IPT/CBT is paramount to ascertain the preferred therapeutic approach for PPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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22. Alternative splicing of a potato disease resistance gene maintains homeostasis between growth and immunity.
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Sun, Biying, Huang, Jie, Kong, Liang, Gao, Chuyun, Zhao, Fei, Shen, Jiayong, Wang, Tian, Li, Kangping, Wang, Luyao, Wang, Yuanchao, Halterman, Dennis A, and Dong, Suomeng
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- 2024
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23. Effectiveness of EV-A71 Vaccine and Its Impact on the Incidence of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease: A Systematic Review.
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Hu, Quanman, Xie, Yaqi, Ji, Fucang, Zhao, Fei, Song, Xiaoru, Lu, Saiwei, Li, Zijie, Geng, Juan, Yang, Haiyan, Long, Jinzhao, Jin, Yuefei, Chen, Shuaiyin, and Duan, Guangcai
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FOOT & mouth disease ,VACCINE effectiveness ,SCIENCE databases ,VACCINATION of children ,CLINICAL trials - Abstract
Background: Vaccination is a highly effective strategy for the prevention of enterovirus A71 (EV-A71)—hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Three inactivated EV-A71 vaccines in China have demonstrated remarkable efficacy against EV-A71-HFMD during clinical trials, exhibiting vaccine effectiveness (VE) exceeding 90% and few adverse events (AEs). However, the effectiveness of vaccines in the real world and its impact on the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD after the use of EV-A71 inactivated vaccine are uncertain. Methods: The odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence (CI) were used as the effect estimates of the meta-analysis in the test-negative design (TND), and the OR was used to calculate VE: VE = (1 − OR) × 100%. Results: According to the literature search strategy, a comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science (including Chinese Science Citation Database and MEDLINE), and Embase, and 18 records were ultimately included in this study. Subsequently, the overall VE and 95% CI of different vaccine doses were analyzed, with the one-dose vaccine at 66.9% (95% CI: 45.2–80.0%) and the two-dose vaccine at 84.2% (95% CI: 79.4–87.9%). Additionally, the most reported AEs were mild general reactions without any rare occurrences. Simultaneously, the widespread use of the EV-A71 vaccine would lead to a reduction in both the incidence of EV-A71-associated HFMD and severe cases caused by EV-A71. Conclusion: The administration of the two-dose EV-A71 vaccine is highly effective in preventing HFMD in the real world, and the widespread use of the EV-A71 vaccine leads to a reduction in the incidence of EV-A71-associated HFMD and that of severe cases caused by EV-A71. The findings suggest that administering the two-dose EV-A71 inactivated vaccine to children aged 6 months to 71 months can be effective in preventing EV-A71-associated HFMD, highlighting the need for developing a multivalent HFMD vaccine for preventing cases not caused by EV-A71. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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24. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Hadfield Steel Matrix Composite Reinforced with Dispersed High Chromium Cast Iron.
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Guo, Xiuli, Yuan, Guofeng, Zhao, Fei, Du, Shaohua, Wang, Bingjun, Wang, He, and He, Han
- Abstract
In this paper, the Hadfield steel matrix composite reinforced with dispersed high chromium cast iron (HCCI) was prepared by using the hot-rolling forming method. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the bimetal composites were analyzed. The experimental results showed that the brittle HCCI was necked and broken into uneven blocks or particles after hot-rolling deformation. The fractured hard HCCI was encased in Hadfield steel to form HCCI-reinforced Hadfield steel composite. Hot rolling results in good metallurgical bonding of the two metals, and Mn, Cr, Fe and Si elements were diffused at the interface. The wear property of the composite was higher than that of Hadfield steel. The hard HCCI played an important role in protecting the Hadfield steel matrix from wearing. The average impact toughness of the composite reached 38.2 J cm
−2 . The impact property of the composite was between Hadfield steel and HCCI, but significantly higher than that of as-cast iron. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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25. Sources Analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Street Dust from Urban Core of Zhengzhou, China.
- Author
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Ren, Minghao, Deng, Yali, Ni, Wenshan, Su, Jingjing, Tong, Yao, Han, Xiao, Li, Fange, Wang, Hongjian, Zhao, Fei, Huang, Xiaoxiao, and Huang, Zhiquan
- Abstract
Fifty-one street dust samples were systematically collected from the urban core of Zhengzhou, China, and analyzed for potentially toxic metals. The concentrations of vanadium (V), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and nickel (Ni) in the samples surpassed the background values of the local soil, indicating a notable potential for contamination. Spatially, the traffic area was the most polluted with a total heavy metal concentration of Cu, Zn, As, Pb, and Ni, while the pollution levels were lower in the culture and education area and commercial area with total concentrations of V and Mn. Seasonal variations were discerned in the concentrations of heavy metals, with V, Cu, Zn, and As exhibiting heightened levels during the fall and winter, while Mn, Ni, and Pb reached peaks in the spring season. Zn exhibited the highest mean geo-accumulation index (I
geo ) value at 2.247, followed by Cu at 2.019, Pb at 0.961, As at 0.590, Ni at 0.126, Mn at −0.178, and V at −0.359. The potential ecological risk index (RI) in the traffic-intensive area markedly exceeded other functional areas. Health risk assessments showed that children were more vulnerable to heavy metal exposure than adults, particularly through the ingestion pathway. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis (CA) were applied in conjunction with the spatial–temporal concentration patterns across various functional areas to ascertain the plausible sources of heavy metal pollutants. The results indicated that heavy metals in the urban street dust of Zhengzhou were multifaceted, stemming from natural processes and diverse anthropogenic activities such as coal burning, industrial emissions, traffic, and construction operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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26. Host Factor Rab4b Promotes Japanese Encephalitis Virus Replication.
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Zhao, Qin, Miao, Chang, Chen, Yi-Ting, Zhu, Long-Yue, Zhang, Ya-Ting, Luo, Sai-Qi, Wang, Yu-Luo, Zhu, Zhu-Ming, Han, Xinfeng, Wen, Yiping, Wu, Rui, Du, Senyan, Yan, Qi-Gui, Huang, Xiaobo, Zhao, Shan, Lang, Yi-Fei, Wang, Yiping, Zheng, Yi, Zhao, Fei, and Cao, San-Jie
- Subjects
LIFE cycles (Biology) ,CELL lines ,VIRAL replication ,CRISPRS ,WESTERN immunoblotting - Abstract
Although the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infects various cell types, its receptor molecules are still not clearly understood. In our laboratory's prior research, Rab4b was identified as a potential host factor that facilitates JEV infection in PK15 cells, utilizing a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout library (PK-15-GeCKO). To further explore the effect of Rab4b on JEV replication, we used the Rab4b knockout PK15 cell line using the CRISPR/Cas9 technology and overexpressing the Rab4b PK15 cell line, with IFA, RT–qPCR, and Western blot to study the effect of Rab4b on viral replication in the whole life cycle of the JEV. The results show that the knockout of Rab4b inhibited the replication of the JEV in PK15 cells, and the overexpression of Rab4b promoted the replication of the JEV in PK15 cell lines. Furthermore, we demonstrated for the first time that host factor Rab4b facilitates the adsorption, internalization, assembly, and release of the JEV, thereby promoting JEV replication. This study enriches the regulatory network between the JEV and host factors and lays the experimental foundation for further understanding of the function of the Rab4b protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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27. Angelica sinensis Polysaccharide Suppresses Pyroptosis in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via the FN1/NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathway.
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Niu, Xiaowei, Zhang, Wen Jun, Zhao, Fei, Zhang, Jingjing, Hu, Shuwen, Bai, Xue, Zhang, Zheng, and Bai, Ming
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NF-kappa B ,APOPTOSIS ,INFLAMMATORY mediators ,LABORATORY rats ,ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay ,BRUGADA syndrome - Abstract
Background: Pyroptosis, a form of inflammatory programmed cell death, has recently emerged as a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Despite its significance, effective therapeutic strategies targeting MI/R-induced pyroptosis remain elusive in current clinical practice. Previous studies have demonstrated the promising anti-inflammatory effects of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) in the context of certain inflammatory disorders. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effects of ASP on pyroptosis in MI/R injury and elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms by combining transcriptomic analysis with complementary in vivo and in vitro experiments. Materials and methods: H9c2 cells were used to establish a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model, and MI/R injury was induced in rats by ligating and releasing the left anterior coronary artery. Myocardial tissue samples were harvested for transcriptomic sequencing and bioinformatic analyses. Cardioprotective effects were evaluated through electrocardiography, echocardiography, and histological examination. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to quantify levels of inflammatory mediators. Biochemical assays were conducted to assess myocardial injury biomarkers and Caspase-1 activity. Western blotting was performed to analyze the protein expression levels of Fibronectin 1 (FN1), Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65, phosphorylated NF-κB p65 (p-NF-κB p65), Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), and Gasdermin-D (GSDMD). Results: Pretreatment with ASP conferred potent cardioprotective effects in a rat model of MI/R injury, as evidenced by significant attenuation of infarct size, myocardial enzyme levels, and ST-segment elevation on electrocardiography, alongside notable improvements in cardiac function. Transcriptomic profiling unveiled that differentially expressed genes modulated by ASP treatment were predominantly implicated in the pyroptosis-elicited inflammatory response. Concordantly, both in vivo and in vitro experiments substantiated that ASP treatment effectively attenuated MI/R-induced pyroptosis, as manifested by diminished levels of pyroptosis-related indicators, encompassing the proportion of TUNEL-positive cells, Caspase-1 activation, GSDMD cleavage, and the liberation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further mechanistic investigations revealed ASP inhibition of the FN1/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Conclusions: Our investigation, leveraging system-level transcriptomic profiling, demonstrates that ASP confers cardioprotective effects against MI/R injury through the suppression of cardiomyocyte pyroptosis, culminating from downregulation of the FN1/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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28. Deep Multimodal Data Fusion.
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Zhao, Fei, Zhang, Chengcui, and Geng, Baocheng
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- 2024
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29. Impact-resistance mechanism of gradient ceramic/high entropy alloy composite structure.
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Wang, Wenrui, Ye, Wei, Huang, Kuisong, Xie, Lu, Peng, Qing, Zhao, Fei, and Li, Hanlin
- Subjects
STRENGTH of materials ,THEORY of wave motion ,CERAMIC materials ,COMPOSITE structures ,ALLOYS ,STRESS waves - Abstract
The gradient ceramic/high-entropy alloy (HEA) composite combines the high hardness of ceramics and the high toughness of metal alloys with a gradient spacious distribution. It is designed to improve the penetration resistance as a promising protective material with high specific stiffness and strength. In this work, the equivalent model of gradient ceramic/HEA composite material is established by adopting layered structure design, and the material properties of gradient material with different ceramic volume content are calculated. Combined with stress wave theory and numerical simulation of the separated Hopkinson pressure bar, the stress wave propagation under impact is studied for the gradient ceramic/HEA composite and the ceramic/HEA double-layered material. The anti-penetration mechanism is scrutinized. The interlaminar wave impedance increase gradually in the gradient composite but smaller than in double-layered material. The coefficient of reflected stress wave in the gradient composite is much smaller than that of the double-layered material. With the increment of ceramic volume content, the reflected wave amplitude in the gradient composites gingerly decreases. Opposed to the distinct interlayer interfaces that discontinue stress waves in the double-layered material, the internal interface of the gradient composite is much more tranquil and modulate the stress wave smoothly and synchronically with the gradient of composite. The smoothened internal interface is the key and the mechanism the better impact resistance of the gradient material. Our results might be beneficial in material design of the protective materials for impact resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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30. A comparative study of magnetic sphincter augmentation and Nissen fundoplication in the management of GERD.
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Zhu, Zhihao, Mao, Jinlei, Zhou, Menghui, Xia, Minjun, Wu, Junjie, Chen, Qi, Zhao, Fei, Liang, Hongxia, and Wang, Zhifei
- Subjects
OPERATIVE surgery ,SURGICAL complications ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,HICCUPS ,SPHINCTERS ,FUNDOPLICATION - Abstract
Introduction: Magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) is a novel surgical technique investigated at many clinical institutes worldwide. In 2012, it received approval for treating Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) because of its superior benefits compared to drug therapies. This study aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of MSA compared with Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) for GERD treatment. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 40 patients who received preoperative matching features of MSA and LNF. The surgical details and one-year postoperative outcomes were analyzed and reported. Results: Significant improvement in GERD symptoms was observed in both MSA and LNF patients over the one-year surgical follow-up. Dysphagia was a common postoperative complication observed in both procedures, but no cases required endoscopic dilation. MSA had a significantly shorter operative time compared to LNF (112 vs.175 min, P < 0.001), with faster postoperative dietary recovery [1(0.5,1.5) vs. 3(1.63,5.38) month(s), P < 0.001] and more preservation of hiccup ability (87.5% vs. 45.83%, P = 0.01). No significant disparities were observed between the two groups regarding hospital duration, recovery of physical strength, and upper gastrointestinal complaints. Conclusion: In conclusion, both LNF and MSA are safe and successful surgical therapies for GERD. The benefits of MSA include reduced surgical time, quicker nutritional recovery following surgery, and preservation of hiccup capacity. However, with both surgeries, postoperative dysphagia is a prevalent problem that emphasizes the significance of improving preoperative communication. When selecting between two surgical techniques, it is crucial to consider the postoperative symptoms associated with each procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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31. Effect of thermal aging on the microscale mechanical response behavior of glass fiber/epoxy composites.
- Author
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Liao, Dandan, Gu, Tan, Yan, Jing, Yu, Zhiming, Dou, Jingjie, Liu, Jie, Zhao, Fei, and Wang, Jun
- Subjects
MECHANICAL behavior of materials ,FIBER-reinforced plastics ,POLYMER degradation ,MATERIAL plasticity ,OIL fields ,POLYMER networks - Abstract
This work aims to evaluate the effect of thermal aging on the microscale mechanical properties of glass fiber-reinforced plastics (GFRP) composites in three typical media environments of oil and gas fields. These include circulating air, simulated produced water, and simulated oil. A nanoindentation technique was employed to partition the indentation locations in the microstructure of the GFRP composites in order to assess the decay of the elastic modulus of the fiber and polymer matrix phases, the bond strength of the matrix, and the changes in viscoelastic behavior. The deterioration in the mechanical properties of GFRP materials following exposure to the aging process is investigated in conjunction with the Barcol hardness test, with observations and verification conducted via SEM. The test results demonstrate that the modulus increases from 2.73 Gpa in the pure resin region to 15.88 Gpa in the restrained region. This is attributed to the restraining and reinforcing effects of the fibers in the unaged samples. Additionally, it was determined that the GFRP material exhibited had the highest sensitivity to the hydrothermal environment, with notable effects on the outer resin and fiber/resin interfaces. This resulted in a 55% reduction in interfacial strength. The next most significant factor was the sensitivity to the thermal-oxygen environment, which resulted in a more pronounced reduction in fiber strength, amounting to a 18.3% decline. The oil-heat environment did not exert a notable influence on the overall performance of the GFRP material. Nevertheless, the hydrothermal and oleothermal environments result in the plasticization by degradation of the polymer network, which alters the damage mechanism of the surface resin and transforms brittle damage into plastic deformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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32. Stress Suppression Design for Radiofrequency Microelectromechanical System Switch Based on a Flexible Substrate.
- Author
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Wang, Kang, Chai, Zhaoer, Pan, Yutang, Gao, Chuyuan, Xu, Yaxin, Ren, Jiawei, Wang, Jie, Zhao, Fei, Qin, Ming, and Han, Lei
- Subjects
MICROELECTROMECHANICAL systems ,RADIO frequency ,CURVATURE ,MICROWAVES ,ETCHING - Abstract
A novel stress suppression design for flexible RF MEMS switches has been presented and demonstrated through theoretical and experimental research to isolate the stress caused by substrate bending. An RF MEMS switch with an S-shaped microspring structure was fabricated by the two-step etching process as a developmental step toward miniaturization and high reliability. The RF MEMS switches with an S-shaped microspring exhibited superior microwave performance and stable driving voltage under different substrate curvatures compared to the conventional non-microspring switches, demonstrating that the bending stress is successfully suppressed by the S-shaped microspring and the island structure. Furthermore, this innovative design could be easily extended to other flexible devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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33. Efficient Path Planning Algorithm Based on Laser SLAM and an Optimized Visibility Graph for Robots.
- Author
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Hu, Yunjie, Xie, Fei, Yang, Jiquan, Zhao, Jing, Mao, Qi, Zhao, Fei, and Liu, Xixiang
- Subjects
MOBILE robots ,GRIDS (Cartography) ,POINT cloud ,SEARCH algorithms ,SCHEDULING ,POTENTIAL field method (Robotics) - Abstract
Mobile robots' efficient path planning has long been a challenging task due to the complexity and dynamism of environments. If an occupancy grid map is used in path planning, the number of grids is determined by grid resolution and the size of the actual environment. Excessively high resolution increases the number of traversed grid nodes and thus prolongs path planning time. To address this challenge, this paper proposes an efficient path planning algorithm based on laser SLAM and an optimized visibility graph for mobile robots, which achieves faster computation of the shortest path using the optimized visibility graph. Firstly, the laser SLAM algorithm is used to acquire the undistorted LiDAR point cloud data, which are converted into a visibility graph. Secondly, a bidirectional A* path search algorithm is combined with the Minimal Construct algorithm, enabling the robot to only compute heuristic paths to the target node during path planning in order to reduce search time. Thirdly, a filtering method based on edge length and the number of vertices of obstacles is proposed to reduce redundant vertices and edges in the visibility graph. Additionally, the bidirectional A* search method is implemented for pathfinding in the efficient path planning algorithm proposed in this paper to reduce unnecessary space searches. Finally, simulation and field tests are conducted to validate the algorithm and compare its performance with classic algorithms. The test results indicate that the method proposed in this paper exhibits superior performance in terms of path search time, navigation time, and distance compared to D* Lite, FAR, and FPS algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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34. Trace ethylene carbonate-mediated low-concentration ether-based electrolytes for high-voltage lithium metal batteries.
- Author
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Chen, Yinghua, Ma, Zheng, Wang, Yuqi, Kumar, Pushpendra, Zhao, Fei, Cai, Tao, Cao, Zhen, Cavallo, Luigi, Cheng, Haoran, Li, Qian, and Ming, Jun
- Published
- 2024
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35. Resequencing of reindeer genomes provides clues to their docile habits.
- Author
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Wu, Baosheng, Ren, Qingmiao, Yan, Xiaoting, Zhao, Fei, Qin, Tao, Xin, Peidong, Cui, Xinxin, Wang, Kun, Du, Rui, Røed, Knut H, Côté, Steeve D, Yannic, Glenn, Li, Zhipeng, and Qiu, Qiang
- Subjects
DOMESTICATION of animals ,CERVIDAE ,NERVOUS system ,GENOMES ,HABIT - Abstract
Reindeer have long been served as vital subsistence resources for inhabitants of Arctic and subarctic regions owing to their domestication. However, the evolutionary relationships and divergence times among different reindeer populations, genetic traits that distinguish domesticated reindeer, and factors that contribute to their relative docility compared with that of other Cervidae specie, remain unclear. In this study, we sequenced the genomes of 32 individuals from wild and domestic reindeer populations that inhabit Arctic and subarctic regions. We found that reindeer experienced 2 or more independent domestication events characterized by weak artificial selection pressure and limited significant differences in genomic parameters between wild and domestic populations. Alterations in conserved noncoding elements in the reindeer genomes, particularly those associated with nervous system development, may have contributed to their domestication by rendering the nervous system less responsive. Together, our results suggest that inherent species-specific traits, rather than intense artificial selection, may have played a significant role in the relatively docile behavior of reindeer and offer valuable insights into the domestication process of these animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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36. Detection of geothermal potential based on land surface temperature derived from remotely sensed and in-situ data.
- Author
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Zhao, Fei, Peng, Zhiyan, Qian, Jiangkang, Chu, Chen, Zhao, Zhifang, Chao, Jiangqin, and Xu, Shiguang
- Subjects
MODIS (Spectroradiometer) ,LAND surface temperature ,PRINCIPAL components analysis ,LANDSAT satellites ,REMOTE sensing ,GEOTHERMAL resources - Abstract
Geothermal energy is a renewable and environmentally sustainable resource of increasing importance. However, areas with geothermal potential are not easily detected by traditional field investigations, requiring the development of new, robust, and reliable models for detection. In this study, remote sensing data and ground-based variables were used to detect and analyze geothermal resource potential areas. General Land Surface Temperature (GLST) was integrated using 5 years of remote sensing data. Landsat 8 daytime GLST (Landsat-GLST), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) daytime GLST (MODIS-DLST), and MODIS nighttime GLST (MODIS-NLST) data were integrated with Landsat Nighttime Land Surface Temperature (Night-LST), which not only filled the gap of Landsat Night-LST but also improved the spatial resolution of MODIS nighttime temperatures. Specifically, three independent variables (Night-LST, Distance From Known Geothermal Resource Points [DFGP], and Distance From Geological Faults [DFF]) were used to develop a weighted model to form a Geothermal Detection Index (GDI) based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Along with field verification, the GDI was successfully used to identify three geothermal activity areas in Tengchong City, Yunnan Province. Overall, this work provides a novel method for detecting geothermal potential to support the successful exploitation of geothermal resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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37. Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Factors Influencing the Cycling Behavior of Shared Electric Bike Use in Urban Plateau Regions.
- Author
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Guo, Miqi, Gou, Chaodong, Tan, Shucheng, Feng, Churan, and Zhao, Fei
- Abstract
At present, most of the research on shared electric bikes mostly focuses on the scheduling, operation and maintenance of shared electric bikes, while insufficient attention has been paid to the behavioral characteristics and influencing factors of shared cycling in plateau cities. This paper takes Kunming as a research case. According to the user's cycling behavior, the spatiotemporal cube model and emerging hotspot analysis are used to explore the spatiotemporal characteristics of the citizens' cycling in the plateau city represented by Kunming, and the method of geographical detectors is used to study the specific factors affecting the shared travel of citizens in Kunming and conduct interactive detection. The findings are as follows: ① the use of shared electric bikes in Kunming varies greatly on weekdays, showing a bimodal feature. In space, the overall distribution of cycling presents a "multi-center" agglomeration feature with distance decay from the center of the main urban area. ② The geographic detector factor detection model quantitatively analyzes the interactive influence between factors, providing a good supplement to the independent influence results of each factor. Through the dual factor interactive detection model, we found that the overall spatiotemporal distribution of cycling during each time period is most significantly affected by the distribution of service facilities, followed by transportation accessibility, land use, and the natural environment. The research results can assist relevant departments in governance of urban shared transportation and provide a reference basis, and they also have certain reference value in urban pattern planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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38. Analyzing risk factors for second malignancies in early gastric carcinoma from the SEER database.
- Author
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Song, Lei, Zhao, Fei, Zhang, Lijing, Zhao, Zhifang, Jin, Long, Zhao, Yu, and Zhao, Jin
- Subjects
SECONDARY primary cancer ,PROPORTIONAL hazards models ,OLDER patients ,STOMACH cancer ,SURGICAL excision - Abstract
This retrospective study analyzed a large population of gastric cancer (GC) patients treated between 2010 and 2015 to investigate the clinical features and predictive risk factors for developing secondary primary malignancies (SPMs). The cumulative incidence of SPM was assessed using Kaplan–Meier analysis. Competing risk analyses adjusted for mortality were conducted using stratified Cox proportional hazard regression models and multivariate analyses to identify independent predictors of SPM. A total of 3289 out of 167,747 GC patients were included in the analytic cohort, with 155 patients diagnosed with SPM. Patients whose histologic type other than adenocarcinomas (AC) and signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) emerged as an independent risk factor for developing SPM (hazard ratio [HR] 2.262, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.146–4.465, P = 0.019) in multivariate Cox regression analysis. The surgical method, including biopsy/local excision (HR 2.3, [CI] 1.291–4.095, P = 0.005) and subtotal/total resection ([HR] 1.947, [CI] 1.028–3.687, P = 0.041), chemotherapy ([HR] 1.527, [CI] 1.006–2.316, P = 0.047), and histologic type ([HR] 2.318, [CI] 1.193–4.504, P = 0.013)), were identified as independent risk factors in the competitive risk model. Subgroup analyses, stratified by chemotherapy, revealed an increased risk of SPM among older patients. Furthermore, a nomogram was developed and internally validated to predict the cumulative incidence of SPM in GC patients (C-index = 0.73 for 72 months). These findings suggested that in specific histologic types of GC, the lymph node infiltration region missed after local surgical resection, and concomitant chemotherapy would have an increased risk of SPM for cancer survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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39. Advancements in Pediatric Audiological Assessments Using Wideband Acoustic Immittance: A Review.
- Author
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Jiang, Wen, Mu, Yi, Zhao, Fei, and Wang, Peng
- Subjects
CHILD patients ,IMPEDANCE audiometry ,AUDIOLOGY ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,LIGHT absorbance - Abstract
Objectives: This study's objectives were to explore the potential of wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) as a diagnostic tool, examining its accuracy and efficiency in pediatric audiology. Methods: A narrative review of the contemporary literature was conducted, focusing on studies that assessed the use of WAI in diagnosing pediatric auditory conditions. Key variables such as diagnostic accuracy, efficiency, and clinical outcomes were considered. Results: This review highlighted that WAI offers a broader range of test frequencies and more comprehensive diagnostic information compared with traditional tympanometry. The studies indicated that WAI has the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in pediatric audiology. Distinct patterns of wideband absorbance were identified, enabling more detailed and accurate diagnostic evaluations. Conclusions: WAI shows substantial potential as a diagnostic tool in pediatric audiology, offering improvements in diagnostic accuracy and efficiency over traditional methods. While the initial findings are promising, further research is needed to fully understand its applicability and benefits across different pediatric populations. Future studies should aim to validate the clinical utility of WAI to ensure its widespread adoption in pediatric audiological assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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40. Preparation of Fe–As alloys by mechanical alloying and vacuum hot-pressed sintering: microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and mechanisms.
- Author
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Chai, Fei, Zhao, Fei-Ping, Hu, Zhan, Wen, Shi-Yi, Samia, Ben-Hammouda, Fu, Ze-Lin, Lai, Xin-Ting, Liang, Yan-Jie, Min, Xiao-Bo, and Chai, Li-Yuan
- Abstract
Copyright of Rare Metals is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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41. Ionic liquid for simultaneous desulfurization and dehydration of flue gas: Data‐driven thermodynamics and mechanisms.
- Author
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Zhao, Fei, Liu, Qinghua, Song, Minghao, Kang, Hongwei, Liu, Shuqing, Cheng, Yongqiang, and Lei, Zhigang
- Subjects
FLUE gas desulfurization ,CONVOLUTIONAL neural networks ,IONIC liquids ,THERMODYNAMICS ,INTERMOLECULAR forces - Abstract
A process of simultaneous desulfurization and dehydration of flue gas with ionic liquid was explored. The selection of ionic liquid was completed based on COSMO‐SAC model. Random forest (RF) and one‐dimensional convolutional neural network were trained for the prediction of CO2 and SO2 solubility. A feature selection method is designed to remove verbose descriptors. The feature importance was analyzed by SHAP analysis. Quantum chemistry calculation and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation were used to investigate the type and position of intermolecular forces. The results show that the R2 coefficients of the two prediction models for CO2 and SO2 test sets reach 0.981 and 0.983. [EMIM][SCN] was selected as the optimal solvent, and the interaction with SO2 is mainly electrostatic and orbital interaction, while the interaction with H2O is strong hydrogen bond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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42. Dual Infection of Different Clusters of HIV in People Living with HIV Worldwide: A Meta-Analysis Based on Next-Generation Sequencing Studies.
- Author
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Yuan, Defu, Zhao, Fei, Liu, Shanshan, Liu, Yangyang, Yan, Hongxia, Liu, Lifeng, Su, Bin, and Wang, Bei
- Subjects
HIV prevention ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,HEALTH literacy ,HIV ,RESEARCH funding ,ANTIRETROVIRAL agents ,HIV-positive persons ,HIV infections ,META-analysis ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,MEDICAL databases ,PUBLIC health ,ONLINE information services ,DATA analysis software ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,SUPERINFECTION ,NATURAL immunity ,HEALTH education ,MIXED infections ,SEQUENCE analysis - Abstract
To understand the global dual HIV infection (DI) profiles comprehensively, the databases Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were the data sources up to March 31, 2024 (PROSPERO: CRD42023388328). Stata and R-language software were used to analyze the extracted data. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's test. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the stability of the combined effect values. Data from 17 eligible studies across four continents (Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America) with 1,475 subjects were used. The combined dual infection rate (DIR) was 10.47% (95% CI: 7.11%−14.38%) without a time trend (p = 0.105). The DIRs of target population groups differed significantly, with FSWs having the highest DIR (15.14%), followed by general population (12.08%), MSM (11.84%), and DUs (9.76%). The subtype profiles of 122 patients with dual infection were extracted, and the results showed that intrasubtype infections were predominant in coinfection (16/22, 72.73%) and superinfection (68/100, 68.00%) groups, with the subtype pattern B and B accounts for the largest proportion. The global dual infection rate may be underestimated, even though the data fluctuated around 10% and showed no time trend. The occurrence of DI indicated that individuals still do not acquire sufficient resistance to HIV even after primary infection, which could potentially compromise the patient's treatment effect and lead to the emergence of new subtypes, posing a significant challenge to HIV prevention, control, and treatment, suggesting that behavioral counseling and health education for all HIV-infected individuals are still crucial during the antiviral therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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43. USP25 Elevates SHLD2‐Mediated DNA Double‐Strand Break Repair and Regulates Chemoresponse in Cancer.
- Author
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Li, Yunhui, Li, Lei, Wang, Xinshu, Zhao, Fei, Yang, Yuntong, Zhou, Yujuan, Zhang, Jiyuan, Wang, Li, Jiang, Zeshan, Zhang, Yuanyuan, Chen, Yuping, Wu, Chenming, Li, Ke, Zhang, Tingting, Wang, Ping, Mao, Zhiyong, Zhu, Weiguo, Xu, Xingzhi, Liang, Shikang, and Lou, Zhenkun
- Subjects
DOUBLE-strand DNA breaks ,IMMUNOGLOBULIN class switching ,COLON cancer ,DNA repair ,UBIQUITIN ligases ,UBIQUITINATION - Abstract
DNA damage plays a significant role in the tumorigenesis and progression of the disease. Abnormal DNA repair affects the therapy and prognosis of cancer. In this study, it is demonstrated that the deubiquitinase USP25 promotes non‐homologous end joining (NHEJ), which in turn contributes to chemoresistance in cancer. It is shown that USP25 deubiquitinates SHLD2 at the K64 site, which enhances its binding with REV7 and promotes NHEJ. Furthermore, USP25 deficiency impairs NHEJ‐mediated DNA repair and reduces class switch recombination (CSR) in USP25‐deficient mice. USP25 is overexpressed in a subset of colon cancers. Depletion of USP25 sensitizes colon cancer cells to IR, 5‐Fu, and cisplatin. TRIM25 is also identified, an E3 ligase, as the enzyme responsible for degrading USP25. Downregulation of TRIM25 leads to an increase in USP25 levels, which in turn induces chemoresistance in colon cancer cells. Finally, a peptide that disrupts the USP25‐SHLD2 interaction is successfully identified, impairing NHEJ and increasing sensitivity to chemotherapy in PDX model. Overall, these findings reveal USP25 as a critical effector of SHLD2 in regulating the NHEJ repair pathway and suggest its potential as a therapeutic target for cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of TC4 titanium alloy joints by plasma arc welding + gas tungsten arc welding combination welding.
- Author
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Zhang, Luxia, Wu, Zhisheng, Li, Yan, and Zhao, Fei
- Subjects
PLASMA arc welding ,GAS tungsten arc welding ,TUNGSTEN ,WELDED joints ,WELDING ,GAS metal arc welding ,TITANIUM alloys - Abstract
In this paper, plasma arc welding (PAW) and plasma arc welding combined with gas tungsten arc welding (PAW + GTAW) were used to weld TC4 titanium alloy plate (thickness of 8 mm). The relationship between mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, phase composition, and microstructure of PAW welded joint (P) and PAW + GTAW welded joint (P + G) was compared. Tensile test and microhardness results show that P + G welded joints exhibit superior mechanical properties compared to P welded joints. The polarization curves and EIS results of both P and P + G samples were compared. The surface morphology of the samples was evaluated, and the potential corrosion mechanism of P and P + G samples was provided. The research results reveal that the PAW + GTAW welding has positively affected the corrosion performance of TC4 alloy welded joints. The improved corrosion resistance of welded joints is associated with a low β/α phase volume ratio, small grain size, and HAGB content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Enhancing acidic hydrogen evolution through pyrrolic nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide triggering two-electron oxygen reduction.
- Author
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Hou, Zhiqiang, Jiang, Hui, Guo, Yanru, Huang, Kejing, Zhao, Fei, Xu, Yongyan, Peng, Peng, Zou, Shiyu, Yan, Jianjun, and Zhang, Junjun
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Evaporate-casting of curvature gradient graphene superstructures for ultra-high strength structural materials.
- Author
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Lu, Bing, Yu, Li, Hu, Yajie, Wang, Ying, Zhao, Fei, Zhao, Yang, Liu, Feng, Cheng, Huhu, and Qu, Liangti
- Subjects
CONSTRUCTION materials ,STRENGTH of materials ,GRAPHENE ,CURVATURE ,MANUFACTURING processes - Abstract
In contemporary manufacturing, the processing of structural materials plays a pivotal role in enabling the creation of robust, tailor-made, and precise components suitable for diverse industrial applications. Nonetheless, current material forming technologies face challenges due to internal stress and defects, resulting in a substantial decline in both mechanical properties and processing precision. We herein develop a processing strategy toward graphene superstructure with a curvature gradient, which allows us to fabricate robust structural materials with meticulously designed functional shapes. The structure consists of an arc-shaped assembly of graphene nanosheets positioned at co-axial curvature centers. During the dehydration-based evaporate-casting process, the assembly is tightened via capillary effect, inducing local bending. By precisely tuning the axis-center distance and tilt angle, we achieve accurate control over the shape of obtained structure. Notably, internal stress is harnessed to reinforce a designed mortise and tenon structure, resulting in a high joining strength of up to ~200 MPa. This innovative approach addresses the challenges faced by current material forming technologies and opens up more possibilities for the manufacturing of robust and precisely shaped components. Through precise adjustments to the curvature gradient inherent in stacked graphene assembly walls, a highly controllable water casting process for self-shaping with an accuracy of ca. 10 μm is demonstrated for making shaped functional materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Bitter taste TAS2R14 activation by intracellular tastants and cholesterol.
- Author
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Hu, Xiaolong, Ao, Weizhen, Gao, Mingxin, Wu, Lijie, Pei, Yuan, Liu, Shenhui, Wu, Yiran, Zhao, Fei, Sun, Qianqian, Liu, Junlin, Jiang, Longquan, Wang, Xin, Li, Yan, Tan, Qiwen, Cheng, Jie, Yang, Fan, Yang, Chi, Sun, Jinpeng, Hua, Tian, and Liu, Zhi-Jie
- Abstract
Bitter taste receptors, particularly TAS2R14, play central roles in discerning a wide array of bitter substances, ranging from dietary components to pharmaceutical agents1,2. TAS2R14 is also widely expressed in extragustatory tissues, suggesting its extra roles in diverse physiological processes and potential therapeutic applications3. Here we present cryogenic electron microscopy structures of TAS2R14 in complex with aristolochic acid, flufenamic acid and compound 28.1, coupling with different G-protein subtypes. Uniquely, a cholesterol molecule is observed occupying what is typically an orthosteric site in class A G-protein-coupled receptors. The three potent agonists bind, individually, to the intracellular pockets, suggesting a distinct activation mechanism for this receptor. Comprehensive structural analysis, combined with mutagenesis and molecular dynamic simulation studies, elucidate the broad-spectrum ligand recognition and activation of the receptor by means of intricate multiple ligand-binding sites. Our study also uncovers the specific coupling modes of TAS2R14 with gustducin and G
i1 proteins. These findings should be instrumental in advancing knowledge of bitter taste perception and its broader implications in sensory biology and drug discovery.A cryogenic electron microcopy study of structures of a human receptor for bitter taste finds that cholesterol can activate the receptor, while the tastant molecule acts allosterically on the receptor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Intermolecular Interaction Mediated Potassium Ion Intercalation Chemistry in Ether‐Based Electrolyte for Potassium‐Ion Batteries.
- Author
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Xie, Hongliang, Liang, Honghong, Kumar, Pushpendra, Cheng, Haoran, Zhao, Fei, Wang, Yuqi, Cai, Tao, Wahyudi, Wandi, Ma, Zheng, Li, Qian, and Ming, Jun
- Subjects
INTERMOLECULAR interactions ,POTASSIUM ions ,ELECTROLYTES ,ELECTRODE performance ,FLUOROETHYLENE ,STORAGE batteries - Abstract
Electrolyte design is indeed a highly effective strategy to improve battery performance. However, identifying the intermolecular interaction in electrolyte solvation structure is rarely reported in potassium‐ion batteries. Herein, it is discovered that a solvent‐solvent intermolecular interaction can be formed when introducing the cyclopentylmethyl ether (CPME) solvent into the commonly used 1,2‐dimethoxyethane (DME)‐based electrolytes. Such interaction is not only analyzed by 2D 1H‐1H correlation spectroscopy for the first time but also found that it can weaken the K+‐DME interaction significantly, consequently enabling a reversible K+ (de‐)intercalation within the graphite. By employing this strategy without using any fluorine‐based solvent, a new fluorine‐free and low‐concentration ether‐based electrolyte is designed, which is not only compatible with graphite but also facilitates the design of high‐energy‐density and safe potassium ion sulfur batteries. A novel molecular interfacial model is further presented to analyze the interfacial behaviors of K+‐solvent‐anion complexes on the electrode surface that are affected by intermolecular interactions, elucidating the reasons behind the superior electrolyte compatibility and graphite electrode performance at the molecular scale. This work sheds some light on the critical role of solvent–solvent interactions in electrolyte design for potassium‐ion batteries and provides valuable insights for engineering and enhancing the performance of electrolytes and batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Synthetic macrolides overcoming MLSBK-resistant pathogens.
- Author
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Ma, Cong-Xuan, Li, Ye, Liu, Wen-Tian, Li, Yun, Zhao, Fei, Lian, Xiao-Tian, Ding, Jing, Liu, Si-Meng, Liu, Xie-Peng, Fan, Bing-Zhi, Liu, Li-Yong, Xue, Feng, Li, Jian, Zhang, Jue-Ru, Xue, Zhao, Pei, Xiao-Tong, Lin, Jin-Zhong, and Liang, Jian-Hua
- Subjects
MACROLIDE antibiotics ,STREPTOCOCCUS pyogenes ,MYCOPLASMA pneumoniae ,DRUG resistance in bacteria ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,STREPTOCOCCUS pneumoniae ,DNA topoisomerase I - Abstract
Conventional macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B-ketolide (MLS
B K) antibiotics are unable to counter the growing challenge of antibiotic resistance that is conferred by the constitutive methylation of rRNA base A2058 or its G2058 mutation, while the presence of unmodified A2058 is crucial for high selectivity of traditional MLSB K in targeting pathogens over human cells. The absence of effective modes of action reinforces the prevailing belief that constitutively antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus remains impervious to existing macrolides including telithromycin. Here, we report the design and synthesis of a novel series of macrolides, featuring the strategic fusion of ketolide and quinolone moieties. Our effort led to the discovery of two potent compounds, MCX-219 and MCX-190, demonstrating enhanced antibacterial efficacy against a broad spectrum of formidable pathogens, including A2058-methylated Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and notably, the clinical Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolates harboring A2058G mutations which are implicated in the recent pneumonia outbreak in China. Mechanistic studies reveal that the modified quinolone moiety of MCX-190 establishes a distinctive secondary binding site within the nascent peptide exit tunnel. Structure-activity relationship analysis underscores the importance of this secondary binding, maintained by a sandwich-like π–π stacking interaction and a water–magnesium bridge, for effective engagement with A2058-methylated ribosomes rather than topoisomerases targeted by quinolone antibiotics. Our findings not only highlight MCX-219 and MCX-190 as promising candidates for next-generation MLSB K antibiotics to combat antibiotic resistance, but also pave the way for the future rational design of the class of MLSB K antibiotics, offering a strategic framework to overcome the challenges posed by escalating antibiotic resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. deepAMPNet: a novel antimicrobial peptide predictor employing AlphaFold2 predicted structures and a bi-directional long short-term memory protein language model.
- Author
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Zhao, Fei, Qiu, Junhui, Xiang, Dongyou, Jiao, Pengrui, Cao, Yu, Xu, Qingrui, Qiao, Dairong, Xu, Hui, and Cao, Yi
- Subjects
ANTIMICROBIAL peptides ,GRAPH neural networks ,LANGUAGE models ,NERVE tissue proteins ,PROTEOMICS - Abstract
Background: Global public health is seriously threatened by the escalating issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), pivotal components of the innate immune system, have emerged as a potent solution to AMR due to their therapeutic potential. Employing computational methodologies for the prompt recognition of these antimicrobial peptides indeed unlocks fresh perspectives, thereby potentially revolutionizing antimicrobial drug development. Methods: In this study, we have developed a model named as deepAMPNet. This model, which leverages graph neural networks, excels at the swift identification of AMPs. It employs structures of antimicrobial peptides predicted by AlphaFold2, encodes residue-level features through a bi-directional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) protein language model, and constructs adjacency matrices anchored on amino acids' contact maps. Results: In a comparative study with other state-of-the-art AMP predictors on two external independent test datasets, deepAMPNet outperformed in accuracy. Furthermore, in terms of commonly accepted evaluation matrices such as AUC, Mcc, sensitivity, and specificity, deepAMPNet achieved the highest or highly comparable performances against other predictors. Conclusion: deepAMPNet interweaves both structural and sequence information of AMPs, stands as a high-performance identification model that propels the evolution and design in antimicrobial peptide pharmaceuticals. The data and code utilized in this study can be accessed at https://github.com/Iseeu233/deepAMPNet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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