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Transmission lines are a vital component of the power system, and their operational status directly affects the safety and stability of the entire grid. This study utilizes the association rules algorithm to conduct an in-depth analysis of the historical data of the lines' status, achieving the mining of knowledge features. Based on this, a key state quantity system is constructed, and a transmission line operational status recognition model is established, combined with the random forest algorithm, and further optimized. Through the selection of association rules and confidence, 8 components and 81 indicator state parameters that can reflect the operational status of transmission lines are determined, quantified into a key parameter system. For the improved model, the accuracy of the evaluation of the four state levels is more than 90%. Through comparative experiments with classical models on the national grid data set, the applicability and rationality of the proposed classification algorithm are verified. The model based on the random forest algorithm is capable of efficiently handling large-scale data sets and high-dimensional features, and resisting overfitting in the classification task of transmission line equipment status recognition, while also effectively managing imbalanced data sets. With an increase in the amount of collected data and improvement in data quality, future research can continue to focus on optimizing the model to improve recognition accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARY: Although hypnosis has played a part in psychotherapy for a long time, it is not yet seen as an evidence-based therapy and is absent from many practice guidelines when it comes to the treatment of psychiatric disorders. At present, the applications and methods of hypnotherapy are poorly understood and other methods of psychotherapy tend to be favoured. This review article aims to introduce the role of hypnotherapy and its application for certain common psychiatric presentations, as well as examine its efficacy by summarising recent evidence from high-quality outcome studies and meta-analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Living in high expressed emotion (EE) environments tends to increase the relapse rate in schizophrenia (SZ). At present, the neural substrates responsible for high EE in SZ remain poorly understood. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) may be of great use to quantitatively assess cortical hemodynamics and elucidate the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. In this study, we designed novel low- (positivity and warmth) and high-EE (criticism, negative emotion, and hostility) stimulations, in the form of audio, to investigate cortical hemodynamics. We used fNIRS to measure hemodynamic signals while participants listened to the recorded audio. Healthy controls (HCs, n = 42 ) showed increased hemodynamic activation in the major language centers across EE stimulations, with stronger activation in Wernicke's area during the processing of negative emotional language. Compared to HCs, people with SZ ( n = 41 ) exhibited smaller hemodynamic activation in the major language centers across EE stimulations. In addition, people with SZ showed weaker or insignificant hemodynamic deactivation in the medial prefrontal cortex. Notably, hemodynamic activation in SZ was found to be negatively correlated with the negative syndrome scale score at high EE. Our findings suggest that the neural mechanisms in SZ are altered and disrupted, especially during negative emotional language processing. This supports the feasibility of using the designed EE stimulations to assess people who are vulnerable to high-EE environments, such as SZ. Furthermore, our findings provide preliminary evidence for future research on functional neuroimaging biomarkers for people with psychiatric disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, WC-Co-TiC/304 stainless steel composites were successfully prepared by compression at room temperature and vacuum sintering in a special mold. Through analysis and comparison of the microstructure, density, and particle size of WC-Co-TiC/304 stainless steel composite, the effects of different WC contents on the structure and properties of WC-Co-TiC were studied. The results show that among different WC contents when the WC content is 60%, the distribution of each structure is relatively uniform and fine, and the agglomeration of each structure is not obvious. The bonding effect of WC-Co-TiC cemented carbide and 304 stainless steel composite interface is the best. With the increase of WC content, the side defects of WC-Co-TiC cemented carbide increase gradually. When WC content is 60%, the best ratio is 1:1 of Co/TiC, as the density is 94.45%, the particle size of 0.2–0.3 μm is 38.9%, and the highest hardness of WC-Co-TiC cemented carbide side is 1370 HV0.1, but it is better when the ratio of Co/TiC is 3:2 at the composite interface, as the hardness value is 852 HV0.1 and the diffusion of Cr element is more uniform, while other elements have little difference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The ionotropic γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor (iGABAR) is an important target for insecticides and parasiticides. Our previous studies showed that competitive antagonists (CAs) of insect iGABARs have the potential to be used for developing novel insecticides and that the structural modification of gabazine (a representative CA of mammalian iGABARs) could lead to the identification of novel CAs of insect iGABARs. RESULTS: In the present study, a novel series of 1,3‐di‐ and 1,3,5‐trisubstituted 1,6‐dihydro‐6‐iminopyridazines (DIPs) was designed using a versatile strategy and synthesized using facile methods. Electrophysiological studies showed that several target DIPs (30 μM) exhibited excellent antagonistic activities against common cutworm and housefly iGABARs consisting of RDL subunits. The IC50 values of 3‐(4‐methoxyphenyl), 3‐(4‐trifluoromethoxyphenyl), 3‐(4‐biphenylylphenyl), 3‐(2‐naphthyl), 3‐(3,4‐methylenedioxyphenyl), and 3,5‐(4‐methoxyphenyl) analogs ranged from 2.2 to 24.8 μM. Additionally, several 1,3‐disubstituted DIPs, especially 3‐(4‐trifluoromethoxyphenyl) and 3‐(3,4‐methylenedioxyphenyl) analogs, exhibited moderate insecticidal activity against common cutworm larvae, with >60% mortality at a concentration of 100 mg kg−1. Molecular docking studies showed that the oxygen atom on the three‐substituted aromatic ring could form a hydrogen bond with Arg254, which may enhance the activity of these DIPs against housefly iGABARs. CONCLUSION: This systematic study indicated that the presence of a carboxyl side chain shorter by one methylene than that of gabazine at the 1‐position of the pyridazine ring is effective for maintaining the stable binding of these DIPs in insect iGABARs. Our study provides important information for the design of novel insect iGABAR CAs. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to provide a comfortable working environment for outdoor workers, using semiconductor cooling and heating technology, a new type of cooling and heating multifunctional semiconductor air-conditioning suit was designed. Combining the theory of heat transfer and human thermal comfort, using a combination of experiment and numerical simulation to explore the cooling laws of air-conditioning clothing under different working conditions, the influence of inlet temperature and inlet wind speed on the comfort of the human body was analyzed. Research shows that the application of semiconductor materials in air-conditioning clothing has the advantages of high efficiency, safety, and mobility, which has good application significance and prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lack of efficient ex vivo expansion methods restricts clinical use of haematopoietic stem cells (HSC) for the treatment of haematological malignancies and degenerative diseases. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) serves as an alternative haematopoietic stem cell source. However, currently what limits the use of UCB‐derived HSC is the very low numbers of haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells available for transplantation in a single umbilical cord blood unit. Here, we report that TNFSF15, a member of the tumour necrosis factor superfamily, promotes the expansion of human umbilical cord blood (UCB)‐derived HSC. TNFSF15‐treated UCB‐HSC is capable of bone marrow engraftment as demonstrated with NOD/SCID or NOD/Shi‐SCID/IL2Rgnull (NOG) mice in both primary and secondary transplantation. The frequency of repopulating cells occurring in the injected tibiae is markedly higher than that in vehicle‐treated group. Additionally, signal proteins of the Notch pathway are highly up‐regulated in TNFSF15‐treated UCB‐HSC. These findings indicate that TNFSF15 is useful for in vitro expansion of UCB‐HSC for clinical applications. Furthermore, TNFSF15 may be a hopeful selection for further UCB‐HSC application or study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fish blood parameters can be used as potential indicators for identification of stress caused by environmental factors. This study aimed to establish a “normal” hematological profile for the Rhinogobio ventralis and to provide the basis for future comparative surveys. The hematological and plasma biochemical parameters were measured in the cyprinid species, R. ventralis, collected from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The concentrations of red blood cell count, white blood cell count, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscle volume, mean corpuscle hemoglobin, Cl−, Ca2+, creatinine, urea, glucose, plasma total protein, plasma albumin, globulins, triglyceride, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase were obtained. The results revealed that no significant differences were found in the hematological and plasma parameters between different sexes when they were analyzed with the independent samples t test. Compared with other fish species, it is hard to find hematological and plasma parameters that can be used as a species-specific physiological indication, and there were no sex-dependent blood parameters in the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the leading cause of urinary tract infections and plays a role in prostatic carcinogenesis and prostate cancer (PCa) progression. However, the mechanisms through which UPEC promotes PCa development and progression are unclear. Cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1) is one of the most important UPEC toxins and its role in PCa progression has never been studied. We found that UPEC-secreted CNF1 promoted the migration and invasion of PCa cells and PCa metastasis. In vitro studies showed that CNF1 promotes pro-migratory and pro-invasive activity through entering PCa cells and activating Cdc42, which subsequently induced PAK1 phosphorylation and up-regulation of MMP-9 expression. CNF1 also promoted pulmonary metastasis in a xenograft mouse model through these mechanisms. PAK1 phosphorylation correlated with advanced grades of PCa in human clinical PCa tissues. These results suggest that CNF1 derived from UPEC plays an important role in PCa progression through activating a Cdc42-PAK1 signal axis and up-regulating the expression of MMP-9. Therefore, surveillance for and treatment of cnf1-carrying UPEC strains may diminish PCa progression and thus have an important clinical therapeutic impact. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An ideal approach to treat cancers with dysfunctional p53 tumor suppressor gene is to reinstate p53 functionality by directly using p53 protein as a therapeutic agent. However, this has not been possible because the cells cannot readily internalize the protein. We constructed a fusion protein consisting of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH-p53) and p53 moieties. The recombinant protein was directly used to treat human breast cancer cells and athymic nude mice bearing breast cancer xenografts, with or without DNA synthesis-arresting agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Treatments of cells from breast cancer cell-lines MDA-MB-231, T47D, or SKBR-3 with GnRH-p53 in combination with 5-FU significantly enhanced p53-activated apoptosis signals, including PUMA expression, BAX translocation to mitochondria, and activated caspase-3. Intratumoral injection of the GnRH-p53 protein inhibited MDA-MB-231 xenograft growth and induced p53-mediated apoptosis in the tumors. Systemic treatment of the tumor-bearing mice via tail vein injection of GnRH-p53 markedly augmented the anticancer efficacy of 5-FU. Substitution of GnRH-p53 with wild type p53 protein had no effect. Recombinant GnRH-p53 is able to function as a surrogate of p53 with regard to its apoptosis-inducing activity. Combination of GnRH-p53 with DNA-damaging drugs may be of important therapeutic value for cancer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tumor necrosis factor superfamily-15 (TNFSF15; also known as VEGI or TL1A) is a unique cytokine that functions in the modulation of vascular homeostasis and inflammation. TNFSF15 is expressed abundantly in established vasculature but is down-regulated at sites of neovascularization such as in cancers and wounds. TNFSF15 inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and endothelial progenitor cell differentiation. Additionally, TNFSF15 stimulates T cell activation, Th1 cytokine production, and dendritic cell maturation. Some of the functions of TNFSF15 are mediated by death receptor-3. We review the experimental evidences on TNFSF15 activities in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, inflammation, and immune system mobilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Persistent inflammation and neovascularization are critical to cancer development. In addition to upregulation of positive control mechanisms such as overexpression of angiogenic and inflammatory factors in the cancer microenvironment, loss of otherwise normally functioning negative control mechanisms is likely to be an important attribute. Insights into the down-modulation of such negative control mechanisms remain largely unclear, however. We show here that tumor necrosis factor superfamily-15 (TNFSF15), an endogenous inhibitor of neovascularization, is a critical component of the negative control mechanism that operates in normal ovary but is missing in ovarian cancer. We show in clinical settings that TNFSF15 is present prominently in the vasculature of normal ovary but diminishes in ovarian cancer as the disease progresses. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) produced by cancer cells and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) produced mainly by tumor-infiltrating macrophages and regulatory T cells effectively inhibits TNFSF15 production by endothelial cells in vitro. Using a mouse syngeneic tumor model, we demonstrate that silencing TNFSF15 by topical shRNA treatments prior to and following mouse ovarian cancer ID8 cell inoculation greatly facilitates angiogenesis and tumor growth, whereas systemic application of recombinant TNFSF15 inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth. Our findings indicate that downregulation of TNFSF15 by cancer cells and tumor infiltrating macrophages and lymphocytes is a pre-requisite for tumor neovascularization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]