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Evidence linking sleep timing and night sleep duration to dyslipidemia was limited and inconclusive, especially among low- and middle-income adults. The aims were to evaluate the associations between sleep timing, night sleep duration and dyslipidemia in a rural population. Based on the Henan Rural Cohort Study, a total of 37 164 participants were included. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to collect sleep information. Logistic regression and restrictive cubic splines were conducted to explore the associations. Of the 37 164 enrolled participants, 13881 suffered from dyslipidemia. Compared to the reference groups, people who went to sleep after 23:00 or woke up after 7:30 had higher prevalence of dyslipidemia, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs)were 1.30 (1.20–1.41) and 1.34 (1.19–1.50). The adjusted OR (95%CI) of participants in the Late-sleep/Late-rise category compared to the Early-sleep/Early-rise category was 1.55 (1.08–1.23). Compared to the reference (7~≤8 h), the adjusted OR (95%CI) was 1.11 (1.03–1.20) for longer (>9 h) night sleep duration. Moreover, the combined effects of sleep duration (>9 h) with sleep time (22:00~) (OR = 1.46, 95%CI: 1.16–1.84), sleep duration (>9 h) with wake-up time (≥7:30) (OR = 1.28, 95%CI: 1.08–1.51), and sleep duration (>9 h) with the Late-sleep/Late-rise category (OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.14–1.75) increased the prevalence of dyslipidemia. Accordingly, our results indicate that delayed sleep timing and longer night sleep duration had independent and joint effects on higher risks of dyslipidemia in rural population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Inappropriate sleep duration is a potential cause of stroke. But the effect of napping on stroke risk remains controversial and the interaction between night sleep and napping duration remains unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the independent and combined effects of napping and nocturnal sleep duration on stroke. Methods: Subjects were derived from a rural cohort study in Henan. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was applied to identify nap duration and nocturnal sleep duration. Binary logistic regression was employed to indicate the dose–response relationships between naps, nocturnal sleep, total 24-h sleep duration, and stroke. Results: Among the 37,341 participants (14,485 men), 2600 suffered from a stroke. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence level (CI) for stroke in the fully adjusted model were 1.37 (1.13–1.65) for men nappers compared to non-nappers. Compared to 7–8 h of sleep per day, night sleep durations < 6 h and ≥ 9 h and 24-h sleep duration ≥ 10 h were linked to increased odds of stroke in men. The ORs (95%CI) were 1.34 (1.06–1.69) in nocturnal sleep duration < 6 h, 1.30 (1.06–1.59) in nocturnal sleep duration ≥ 9 h, and 1.40 (1.15–1.71) in 24-h sleep duration ≥ 10 h in men. In addition, long naps and prolonged nocturnal sleep duration have a joint effect on stroke in the fully adjusted model. Conclusion: The napping duration and nocturnal sleep duration have independently and jointly effects on stroke in rural populations. More research is required to explore the underlying mechanisms for this relationship. Clinical trial registration: The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699) (http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The combined effect of sleep quality and night sleep duration on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) remains unclear, especially in resource-limited countries and areas. This study aimed to explore the independent and combined effects of sleep quality and night sleep duration on HRQoL.Methods: A total of 21,926 eligible participants from the Henan rural cohort study were selected. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was utilized to evaluate sleep quality and night sleep duration. The Tobit regression model, generalized linear model (GLM), and logistic regression model were performed to assess the associations of sleep quality and night sleep duration with HRQoL. The restricted cubic spline was applied to identify the dose-response relationships of sleep quality and night sleep duration with HRQoL.Results: After multivariable adjustment, the Tobit regression and GLM indicated that the regression coefficients [95% confidence interval (CI)] for poor sleep quality were - 0.124 (- 0.133, - 0.114) and - 6.25 (- 6.71, - 5.78) on utility index and VAS score, respectively. Compared with the reference group (7 h-), participants with short sleep duration (< 6 h) or long sleep duration (≥10 h) reported a lower HRQoL. A U-shape relationship between night sleep duration and HRQoL was observed, along with a J-shape relationship between sleep quality and HRQoL (P for non-linear < 0.001). Furthermore, individuals with longer night sleep duration (≥10 h) and poorer sleep quality were strongly associated with lower HRQoL (utility index [odds ratio (OR) (95% CI)]: 6.626 (3.548, 8.920), VAS score [OR (95% CI)]: 2.962 (1.916, 4.578)).Conclusion: Poor sleep quality and extreme night sleep duration were independently and combinedly associated with low HRQoL, suggesting that maintaining good sleep quality and appropriate night sleep duration was important.Clinical Trial Registration: The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). Date of registration: 06 July, 2015. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past few decades, more studies have suggested that the age at menarche (AAM) has continued to decline. However, the AAM for women in resource-constrained areas is not clear. Moreover, the association between the Chinese famine and AAM is still unclear in rural regions. The study aimed to investigate the secular trends of AAM for women born between 1935 and 2000 and to further explore the effect of famine on AAM in rural China. The study included 23,444 women participants from the baseline study of the Henan Rural Cohort study. Changing AAM over time was analysed using linear regressions. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to analyse the association between famine exposure and AAM subgroups. The age-standardised mean AAM was 14.74 years. The average AAM declined from 16.98 years for those born in 1935 to 13.87 years for those born in 2000, a decline of 0.077 years per 1 year and 0.729 years per decade. Compared to the reference group, women exposed to famine during foetal, early childhood, middle childhood, and late childhood were 1.376 (95% CI = 1.071–1.769), 1.848 (95% CI = 1.512–2.259), 2.084 (95% CI = 1.725–2.518), and 2.146 (95% CI = 1.788–2.576) times more likely to be ≥18 years AAM than women unexposed to famine, respectively. AAM showed a decreasing trend in rural China. Furthermore, both foetal and childhood famine exposure, especially in late childhood, were positively associated with increased AAM compared to unexposed famine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The study aimed to characterize the prevalence of alcohol consumption and further investigate the relationship between alcohol consumption and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods: We studied 39,259 participants aged 18 to 79 years of the Henan Rural Cohort study. The associations between alcohol consumption and T2DM were examined using the logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline.Results: For men, alcohol abstinence was associated with an increased risk of T2DM (1.491(1.265, 1.758)), whereas current drinkers were not associated with T2DM (1.03(0.91, 1.15)). Further analysis of alcohol drinkers revealed that only high-risk drinkers of WHO drinking risk levels increased the risk of T2DM (1.289(1.061,1.566)) compared to never drinkers. The risk of T2DM increased as the age of starting to consume alcohol decreased and as the number of years of consuming alcohol and the alcohol intake increased only in men. We further found that the risk of T2DM decreased as the number of years of abstinence increases and no association between alcohol abstinence and T2DM was found after more than 10 years of abstinence among men.Conclusions: Our results suggested that reducing the amount of alcohol consumed and adhering to abstinence from alcohol consumption are beneficial in reducing the risk of T2DM.Trial Registration: The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). Date of registration: 2015-07-06. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Previous reports about health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) concentrated on general patients rather than patients in rural areas with poor infrastructure and limited resources. Thus, the aims of this study were to evaluate the HRQoL of diabetics in the countryside and explore its influencing factors. Methods A total of 23 053 participants aged from 18 to 79 years were drawn from the Henan Rural Cohort Study for this cross-sectional study. The HRQoL of participants were assessed by utility index and VAS-score of European Quality of Life Five Dimension Five Level Scale (EQ-5D-5L) instrument. Binary logistic regression, generalized linear and tobit regression models were used to estimate the potential influencing factors on HRQoL. Results This study (23 053 participants) included 2231 T2DM patients with a crude prevalence of 9.68%. The utility index and VAS-score in health group were 0.96 ± 0.10 and 78.85 ± 14.53, while in T2DM group were 0.93 ± 0.15 and 74.09 ± 16.09, respectively. In total, most diabetics reported problem about pain/discomfort dimension. Being old, poverty, low physical activity, and with comorbidities was negatively related to HRQoL of diabetics, while high educational level was positively related to HRQoL. Conclusion HRQoL of rural T2DM patients depended on several sociodemographic factors. More attention should be paid to diabetics with poor socioeconomic status in rural areas. Clinical trial registration The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699) http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The study aimed to investigate the independent and combined effects of midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in areas with limited resources.Methods: A total of 37,276 participants (14,456 men and 22,820 women) were derived from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Sleep information was assessed based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines were used to estimate the relationship of the midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration with T2DM.Results: Of the 37,276 included participants, 3580 subjects suffered from T2DM. The mean midpoint of sleep among the Early, Intermediate and Late groups were 1:05 AM ±23 min, 1:56 AM ±14 min, and 2:57 AM ±34 min, respectively. Compared to the Intermediate group, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of T2DM were 1.13 (1.04-1.22) and 1.14 (1.03-1.26) in the Early group and the Late group. Adjusted OR (95% CI) for T2DM compared with the reference (7- h) was 1.28 (1.08-1.51) for longer (≥ 10 h) night sleep duration. The combination of late midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration (≥ 9 h) increased 38% (95% CI 10-74%) prevalence of T2DM. These associations were more obvious in women than men.Conclusions: Late and early midpoint of sleep and long night sleep duration were all associated with higher prevalence of T2DM. Meanwhile, midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration might have combined effects on the prevalence of T2DM, which provided potential health implications for T2DM prevention, especially in rural women.Trial Registration: The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699 ). Date of registration: 2015-07-06. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to update the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and explore to identify the susceptible populations. A total of 38208 subjects aged 18 to 79 years were obtained from the Henan Rural Cohort Study (n = 39259). Five criteria (ATP β, IDF, JIS, CDS, EGIR) were used to estimate the prevalence of MetS. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of potential risk factors with MetS. The age-standardized prevalence of MetS were 27.87%, 24.63%, 27.40%, 18.00% and 8.91% according to the standard of ATP β, IDF, JIS, CDS, and EGIR, respectively. After adjusted for the potential confounding factors, aging, females, physical activity and the state of drinking were independent risk factors of MetS. MetS is positively associated with stroke and coronary heart disease in all five criteria (P < 0.01). The current data identify a high prevalence of MetS among Chinese rural adults. Especially for aged females with unhealthy lifestyle had a higher risk for MetS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are increasing numbers of studies investigating the potential link between microRNAs (miRNAs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk. Based on the prior evidence and the differentially expressed candidate plasma exosome miRNAs in our established discovery study, the current meta-analysis studied miR-126 and miR-122 specifically. The purpose of the present study was to systematically and quantitatively evaluate the relationship of miR-126 and miR-22 expression level with T2DM risk as well as related glucose metabolism parameters. Moreover, the present study was performed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline (PRISMA 2020 statement). PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure electronic databases were used to identify eligible original studies prior to May 3, 2022. The random-effects models were employed to explore the overall effect estimates [odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), or correlation coefficient (r, 95% CI)]. The subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the potential sources of heterogeneity. The potential publication bias was assessed by the Begg's funnel plot and Egger's tests. A total of 46 articles were included in the present meta-analysis. The results revealed that higher exposure level of miR-126 was related to lower T2DM risk in 5 analytical epidemiological studies [OR=0.73, 95% CI: (0.55, 0.96)], lower fasting blood glucose (FBG) [N=22, r=-0.26, 95% CI: (-0.42, -0.10)], and lower homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index [N=9, r=-0.28, 95% CI: (-0.52, -0.05)]. Besides, positive correlations were observed between miR-122 expression and FBG [N=10, r=0.34, 95% CI: (0.20, 0.48)], as well as HOMA-IR index [N=9, r=0.40, 95% CI: (0.16, 0.64)]. The relationship of miR-126 and miR-122 expression with T2DM risk and these glucose metabolism parameters may be influenced by study types, sample size, different source and mean age of participants. In conclusion, in the general healthy population, higher miR-126 expression was related to lower T2DM risk, FBG level and HOMA-IR index; higher miR-122 expression was closely correlated with higher FBG level and HOMA-IR index. These findings have notable clinical and public health implications for screening and control glucose metabolic disorders, insulin resistance and T2DM development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]