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The purpose of this study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of radiofrequency ablation for treating renal VX2 tumors with and without renal artery occlusion in a rabbit model. Twenty-four New Zealand White rabbits were percutaneously implanted with renal VX2 tumors. Fifteen days after implantation, both kidneys were surgically exposed, and radiofrequency ablation was conducted. Group A (n=12) was treated with renal artery occlusion, and group B (n=12) was treated without occlusion. In each rabbit, the serum creatinine was measured to evaluate renal damage after arterial occlusion. Two days after radiofrequency ablation, computed tomography was performed to evaluate the difference in therapeutic results between the two groups. We also compared histopathologic findings after radiofrequency ablation. The mean tumor size was 2.4 cm (range, 1.2-3.1 cm). Radiofrequency ablation of renal tumors was technically feasible in all cases. Complete ablation was achieved in 11 of the 12 rabbits (92%) in group A but in only eight of the 12 rabbits (67%) in group B (P<0.05). The average time of radiofrequency application was shorter in group A (mean, 547 s) than in group B (mean, 826 s) (P<0.05). After radiofrequency ablation, the serum creatinine increased from 1.54 to 1.82 mg/dl in group A and from 1.46 to 1.78 mg/dl in group B. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). In conclusion, radiofrequency ablation with renal artery occlusion can decrease the duration of treatment and increase the therapeutic efficacy for renal VX2 tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The objectives of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for small non-resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and SBRT combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for advanced HCC with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT).Methods: Thirty one patients with HCC who were treated with SBRT were used for the study. We studied 32 HCC lesions, where 23 lesions (22 patients) were treated targeting small non-resectable primary HCC, and 9 lesions (9 patients) targeting PVTT using the Cyberknife. All the 9 patients targeting PVTT received TACE for the advanced HCC. Tumor volume was 3.6-57.3 cc (median, 25.2 cc) and SBRT dose was 30-39 Gy (median, 36 Gy) in 3 fractions for consecutive days for 70-85% of the planned target volume.Results: The median follow up was 10.5 months. The overall response rate was 71.9% [small HCC: 82.6% (19/23), advanced HCC with PVTT: 44.4% (4/9)], with the complete and partial response rates of 31.3% [small HCC: 26.1% (6/23), advanced HCC with PVTT: 11.1% (1/9)], and 50.0% [small HCC: 56.5% (13/23), advanced HCC with PVTT: 33.3% (3/9)], respectively. The median survival period of small HCC and advanced HCC with PVTT patients was 12 months and 8 months, respectively. No patient experienced Grade 4 toxicity.Conclusion: SBRT for small HCC and SBRT combined with TACE for advanced HCC with PVTT showed feasible treatment modalities with minimal side effects in selected patients with primary HCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]